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 | Carludovica palmata Ruiz & Pav. (Cyclanthaceae) C. palmata Ruiz & Pav. (Cyclanthaceae) in flower and young fruit. |
|  | Caryocar microcarpum Ducke (Caryocaraceae) Fallen flowers of Caryocar microcarpum Ducke (Caryocaraceae) floating in water. These night-flowering, bat pollinated flowers from Amazonia drop from the tree before dawn. |
|  | Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol. (Cecropiaceae) Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol. (Cecropiaceae) growing near San José, Costa Rica. The genus Cecropia is common throughout tropical Latin America. Many species in this genus of hollow-stemmed, rapidly growing trees of forest edges or secondary woods have evolved mutually beneficial relationships with several species of small, but busy and ferocious ants. The trees provide home (in the hollow stems) and food (specially produced proteinaceous bodies) to the ants, while the ants appear to clean the trees of debris, other plants, and herbivores (plant eaters). |
|  | Cojoba rufescens (Benth.) Britton & Rose (Fabaceae) This plant was growing on the Osa Peninsula, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. These fruits apparently provide no food to birds, but the contrasting red and black presentation is common in fruits that do; here the birds are fooled into dispersing the seeds! |
|  | Cynanchum franciscoi Morillo (Asclepiadaceae) A pollinator on Cynanchum franciscoi Morillo (Asclepiadaceae) in eastern Colombia. |
|  | Espeletia pycnophylla ssp. angelensis Cuatrec. (Asteraceae) Espeletia pycnophylla ssp. angelensis Cuatrec. (Asteraceae) collected by P. M. Jørgensen, Carchi province, Ecuador. |
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 | Ludovia integrifolia (Woodson) Harling (Cyclanthaceae) This is a simple-leaved, aroid-like member of the Cyclanthaceae, native to Central and South America. |