A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

-archa,-ae (s.m.I): = archE (s.f.I): Gk. “a beginning, origin, first cause; the first place or power, sovereignty, dominion, command; a sovereignty, empire, realm; a magistracy, office; a term of office (through election or by lot); (h)ai archai, ‘the authorities,’ i.e. the magistrates” (Liddell & Scott).

archos (s.m.I): “a leader, chief, commander” (Liddell & Scott).

archOn,-ontos (s.m.III): “a ruler, commander, chief, captain” (Liddell & Scott).

NOTE: archon (Eng.transliteration) is not a neuter word, but a masc. one.

Coenobiarcha,-ae (s.m.II): coenobiarch; abbot (Steten), chief magistrate of a monastery or abbey; see coenobium,-ii (s.n.II), colony, lit. 'cloister, convent;’ abbey [> Gk. koinoBion, a cloister + archE, an authority, magistracy].’

Ecclesiarcha,-ae (s.m.I): ecclesiarch; a high church official or ruling prelate, especially of the Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in the Western Church [> Gk. ekklEsia (s.f.I), “in New Test. The Church, either the body, or the place” (Liddell & Scott) + archE, an authority, magistracy].

Limenarcha,-ae (s.m.I) = Gk. limenarchEs: “a harbor-master” (Glare).

Matriarcha,-ae (s.f.I): matriarch; “a woman that originates, rules over, or dominates a social group or an activity or a political entity” (WIII) [> Gk. mEtEr (s.f.I), a mother + archE, an authority, magistracy].

Patriarcha,-ae (s.m.I), q.v.: patriarch; “in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank” (Wikipedia ‘patriarch’ 2021) [> Gk. patEr (s.m.II) a father + archE, an authority, magistracy].

PatriarchEs,-ou (s.m.II] “the father or chief of a race, a patriarch (New Testament)” (Liddell & Scott) > Gk. patria, a clan, house, family (Liddell & Scott)].