A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Calcar,-aris (s.n.III), acc.sg. calcar, dat.& abl. sg. calcari, nom.& acc. pl. calcaria, gen.pl. calcarium, dat.& abl.pl. calcaribus: spur, “a hollow process of some part of a flower” (Lindley); hollow nectar-producing appendage of calyx or corolla, as in Viola; cf. corniculatus,-a,-um (part.A): with a small horn-like appendage, curved in the form of a horn; see nectarotheca,-ae (s.f.I); cf. galea,-ae (s.f.I), “a hooded or helmet-shaped portion of a perianth, as the upper sepal of Aconitum and the upper lip of some bilabiate corollas” (Fernald 1950) [> L. calcar,-aris (s.m.III), a spur as worn on the heel; for stimulating horses; a spur, stimlus, incitement; the spur on the leg of the cock” (Lewis & Short)]; cf. gibber,-eris (s.m.III), a hunch or hump, usually on the back; see spur;

Spur (Eng.noun): “a hollow terete extension of some part of the flower; the calcar” (Lindley).

- [Fumariaceae] glandula nectarifera intra calcar (DeCandolle), nectariferous glandule inside the spur.

- Aquilegia inversa, flore pleno , petalis corniculatis , calcaribus sursum directis (DeCandolle), Aquilegia inversa, with the flower double, with the petals corniculate [i.e. horned], with the spurs directed upward.

- calcar aut nullum aut saccatum album vel luteum, spur either lacking or saccate, white or yellow.

- connectivum postice in calcar, caudam v. appendicem productum, connective postically extended into a spur, tail or appendage.

- calcare e basi oriente et 10-10.1 mm longo, with a spur arising from the base and 10-10.1 mm long.

- calcaria recta, 2-4 mm longa, spurs straight, 2-4 mm long.

- sacco cucullorum inflato, calcare crasso longo abrupte geniculato (non arcuato, nee convoluto) (DeCandolle), with the sac of the cuculli inflated, with a spur thick, long, abruptly geniculate [i.e. bent like a knee].

- antherarum calcare longiore loculum dimidio superante (Mueller), with the spur of the anthers longer, overtopping the locule by a half [i.e. by 50 percent].

- germine calcar [= acc. sg.] duplo superante (Mueller), with the embryo two times overtopping the spur.

- calcar tenui-conicum (Mueller), the spur thin-conic.

- antherarum calcaribus hand ultra lóculos productis (Mueller), with the spurs of the anthers hardly extended beyond the locules.

- Aquilegia corniculata, flore pleno, petalis calcaratis, calcaribus deorsum productis (DeCandolle), Aquilegia corniculata, with the flower double, with the petals spurred, with the spurs elongated on the back.

Cornu,-us (s.n.IV), nom. & acc. pl. cornua, “a horn-like process, commonly solid ... and usually a metamorphosed state of some other organ; (obsol.) also employed in the sense of Calcar” (Lindley).

Nectarotheca,-ae (s.f.I): “[obsol.] literally a honey or nectar-case. The spur of certain flowers. See Calcar” (Lindley); “the portion of a flower which immediately surrounds a nectariferous pore” (Jackson).

NOTE: DeCandolle seems to indicate that ‘spur’ and ‘horn’ [cornu] are synonymous.

NOTE: an i- stem neuter noun; see -ar for declension.

NOTE: according to Lindley, an obsolete term for ‘calcar’ is “productum,” q.v.