A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Lutum,-i (s.n.II), abl. sg. luto; cf. argilla,-ae (s.f.I), clay.

1. a plant used in dyeing yellow, yellow-weed, dyer's weed, weld; a yellow color, yellow; “Lutum, dyer’s greenweed, the source of a yellow dye” (Stearn 1996) [> L. lutum,-I (s.n.II), a plant yielding a yellow dye, weld (Reseda luteola); the pigment obtained from this; hence, any yellow color” (Glare)]; see luteus,-a,-um;

- [Myrionema; algae] fila clavata apicibus obtusis non regulariter in idem planum terminantia, sub lente ex luteo fuscescentia (Agardh), filaments clavate [i.e. club-shaped)with the apices obtuse not regularly terminating [in the same plane], under the lense becoming blackish-brown from a yellow color.

2. (also lutus,-i (s.m.II)” (Glare): mud, mire, dirt, loam, clay; see loam; cf. Gk. telma,-atos (s.n.III) “water which has accumulated, standing water, a pool, pond; the mud of a pool, that is, mud or clay to build with, mortar” (Liddell & Scott); cf. arena,-ae (s.f.I), ‘sand;’ see clay; see mud;

- [Octospora varia] Fig. I. Luti glebula, plantulis iuuencis [=iuvencis] obsita; naturali magnitudine (Hedw.), a small clump of dirt [clay], beset with young little plants; in natural size.

- lutum sabulosum (adj.A), abl. sg. luto sabuloso, a mud full of coarse sand.

- sparsam gregariamque, luti vetusti calce obducti fragmentis innatam (S&A), sparse and gregarious, adherent to fragments of old mud covered over with lime.

Loam (Eng. noun), clayey earth, also a humus-rich soil with a mix of clay and silt: lutum,-i (s.n.II), abl. sg. luto; cf. humus,-I (s.f.I).

Mire (Eng. noun): ‘heavy often deep mud, slush or dirt’ (WIII); a stretch of swampy or boggy ground.

Muck: “soft moist farmyard manure, esp. when mixed with decomposing vegetable material and used as a fertilizer; wet clinging slimy dirt or filth” (WIII).