Articles or books by two or more authors are cited as follows. When there are two authors, citation is alphabetical after the second author's name. When there are three or more authors, references are cited in the body of the text as (e.g.) Chase et al. 2000a, 2000b, 2000c, and are listed following these sometimes alphabetically qualified dates of publication immediately after all the single- or two-authored articles by the first author.

Iakimova, E. T., & Woltering, E. J. 2017. Xylogenesis in zinnia Zinnia elegans cell cultures: Unravelling the regulatory steps in a complex developmental programmed cell death event. Planta 245: 681-705.

Iamonico, D. 2018. Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Acroglochin and its position in Chenopodiaceae s. str.. Phytotaxa 383: 197-205.

Iamonico, D. 2019. Remarks on the subfam. Betoideae (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV). Phytotaxa 400: 145-164.

Iason, G. R. [et al. 2011], O'Reilly-Wapstra, J. M., Brewer, M. J., Summers, R. W., & Moore, B. D. 2011. Do multiple herbivores maintain chemical diversity of Scots pine monoterpenes? Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. 366: 1337-1345.

IAWA Committee. 1989. IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bull. n.s. 10: 219-332.

IAWA Committee. 2004. IAWA list of microscopic features for softwood identification. IAWA J. 25: 1-70.

Ibañez, A. C. [et al. 2018], Moré, M., Salazar, G., Leiva, S., Barboza, G. E., & Cocucci, A. A. 2019 [= 2018]. Crescendo, diminuendo and subito of the trumpets: Winds of change in the concerted evolution between flowers and pollinators in Salpichroa (Solanaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 132: 90-99.

Ibáñez, F. [et al. 2016], Wall, L., & Fabra, A. 2017 [= 2016]. Starting points in plant-bacteria nitrogen-fixing symbioses: Intercellular invasion of the roots. J. Experim. Bot. 68: 1905-1918.

Ibanez, S. [et al. 2010], Dötterl, S., Anstett, M.-C., Baudino, S., Caissard, J.-C., Gallet, C., & Després, L. 2010. The role of volatile organic compounds, morphology and pigments of globeflowers in the attraction of their specific pollinating flies. New Phytol. 188: 451-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03317.x.

Ibarra-Laclette, E. [et al. 2011], Albert, V. A., Perez-Torres, C. A., Zamudio-Hernandez, F., Ortega-Estrada, M. D., Herrera-Estrella, A., & Herrera-Estrella, L. 2011. Transcriptomics and molecular evolutionary rate analysis of the Bladderwort (Utricularia), a carnivorous plant with a minimal genome. BMC Plant Biol. 11(1):101.

Ibarra-Laclette, E. [et al. 2013], Lyons, E., Hernández-Guzmán, G., Pérez-Torres, C. A., Carretero-Paulet, L., Chang, T.-H., Lan, T., Welch, A. J., Juárez, M. J., Simpson, J., Fernández-Cortés, A., Arteaga-Vázquez, M., Góngora-Castillo, E., Acevedo-Hernández, G., Schuster, S. C., Himmelbauer, H., Minoche, A. E., Xu, S., Lynch, M., Oropeza-Aburto, A., Cervantes-Pérez, S. A., de Jesús Ortega-Estrada, M., Cervantes-Luevano, J. I., Michael, T. P., Mockler, T., Bryant, D., Herrera-Estrella, A., Albert, V. A., & Herrera-Estrella, L. 2013. Architecture and evolution of a minute plant genome. Nature 498: 94-98.

Ibisch, P. L. [et al. 1996], Neinhuis, C., & Rojas N., P. 1996. On the biology, biogeography, and taxonomy of Arachnitis Phil. nom. cons. (Corsiaceae) in respect to a new record from Bolivia. Willdenowia 26: 321-332.

Ibrahim, D. G. [et al. 2009], Burke, T., Ripley, B. S., & Osborne, C. P. 2009. A molecular phylogeny of the genus Allopteropsis (Panicoideae, Poaceae), suggests an evolutionary reversion from C₄ to C₃ photosynthesis. Ann. Bot. 103: 127-136.

Ichihashi, Y., & Tsukaya, H. 2015. Behavior of leaf meristems and their modification. Front. Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.01060

Ichihashi, Y. [et al. 2011], Kawade, K., Usami, T., Horiguchi, G., Takahashi, T., & Tsukaya, H. 2011. Key proliferative activity in the junction between the leaf blade and petiole of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 157: 1151-1162.

Ichihashi, Y. [et al. 2017], Kusano, M., Kobayashi, M., Suetsugu, K., Yoshida, S., Wakatake, T., Kumaishi, K., Shibata, A., Saito, K., & Shirasu, K. 2017. Transcriptomic and metabolomic reprogramming from roots to haustoria in the parasitic plant, Thesium chinense. Plant Cell Physiol. 59: 729-738.

Ichinose, M., & Sugita, M. 2017. RNA editing and its molecular mechanism in plant organelles. Genes (Basel) 8:5. doi: 10.3390/genes8010005

Ickert-Bond, S. M., & Renner, S. S. 2016. The Gnetales: Recent insights on their morphology, reproductive biology, chromosome numbers, biogeography, and divergence times. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 1-16.

Ickert-Bond, S. M., & Rydin, C. 2011. Micromorphology of the seed envelope of Ephedra L. (Gnetales) and its relevance for the timing of evolutionary events. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 172: 36-48.

Ickert-Bond, S. M., & Wen, J. 2006. Phylogeny and biogeography of Altingiaceae: Evidence from combined analysis of five non-coding chloroplast regions. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 39: 512-528.

Ickert-Bond, S. M., & Wen, J. 2013. A taxonomic synopsis of Altingiaceae with nine new combinations. Phytokeys 39: 512-528.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2005], Pigg, K. B., & Wen, J. 2005. Comparative infructescence morphology in Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) and its evolutionary significance. American J. Bot. 92: 1234-1255.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2007], Pigg, K. B., & Wen, J. 2007. Comparative infructescence morphology in Altingia (Altingiaceae) and discordance between morphological and molecular phylogenies. American J. Bot. 94: 1094-1115.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2009], Rydin, C., & Renner, S. S. 2009. A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and Miocene dispersal into South America. J. Syst. Evol. 47: 444-456.

Ickert-Bond, S. [et al. 2014a], Gerrath, J., & Wen, J. 2014a. Gynoecial structure of Vitales and implications for the evolution of placentation in the rosids. P. 216, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Ickert-Bond, S. [et al. 2014b], Sousa, A., Min, Y., Leitch, I. J., & Pellicer, J. 2014b. The evolution of genome size in the gymnosperm genus Ephedra: Flow cytometry and new chromosome counts support high levels of polyploidy. P. 7, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. [Room Changes, etc.]

Ickert-Bond, S. [et al. 2014c], Gerrath, J., & Wen, J. 2014c. Gynoecial structure of Vitales and implications for the evolution of placentation in the rosids. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 175: 998-1032.

Ickert-Bond, S. [et al. 2015a], Pellicer, J., Souza, A., Metzgar, J., & Leitch, I. 2015a. Ephedra - the gymnosperm genus with the largest and most diverse genome sizes driven by a high frequency of recently-derived polyploid taxa and a lack of genome downsizing. P. 273, in Botany 2015. Science and Plants for People. Abstracts.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2015b], Pigg, K. B., & DeVore, M. L. 2015b. Paleoochna tiffneyi gen. et sp. nov. (Ochnaceae) from the late Paleocene Almont/Beicegel Creek flora, North Dakota, USA. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 176: 892-900.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2015c], Gerrath, J. M., Posluszny, U., & Wen, J. 2015c. Inflorescence development in the Vitis-Ampelocissus clade of Vitaceae: The unusual lamellate inflorescence of Pterisanthes. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 179: 725-741.

Ickert-Bond, S. M. [et al. 2020], Sousa, A., Min, Y., Loera, I., Metzgar, J., Pellicer, J., Hidalgo, O., & Leitch, I. J. 2020. Polyploidy in gymnosperms — insights into the genomic and evolutionary consequences of polyploidy in Ephedra. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 147:106786. https://doi.org/10.1016/jympev.2020.106786

ICPT [International Committee for Phytolith Taxonomy] [Neumann, K., Strömberg, C. A. E., Ball, T., Albert, R. M., Vrydaghs, L., & Cummings, L. S. 2019. International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature (ICPN) 2.0. Ann. Bot. 124: 189-199.

Idris, N. A., & Collings, D. A. 2019. The induction and roles played by phi thickenings in orchid roots. Plants 8(12):574. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8120574

Iganci, J. R. V. [et al. 2015], Soares, M. V., Guerra, E., & Morim, M. P. 2016 [= 2015]. A preliminary molecular phylogeny of the Abarema Alliance (Leguminosae) and implications for taxonomic rearrangement. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 177: 34-43.

Igea, J., & Tanentzap, A. J. 2019. Angiosperm speciation speeds up near the poles. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/619064 = Igea, J., & Tanentzap, A. J. 2020 [= 2019]. Angiosperm speciation speeds up near the poles. Ecol. Lett. 23: 692-700. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13476

Igea, J., & Tanentzap, A. J. 2020. Angiosperm speciation cools down in the tropics. Ecol. Lett. 23: 692-700.

Igea, J. [et al. 2015], Bogarín, D., Papadopulos, A. S. T., & Savolainen, V. 2015. A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation. Evolution 69: 482-491.

Igea, J. [et al. 2017], Miller, E. F., Papadopulos, A. S. T., & Tanentzap, A. J. 2017. Seed size and its rate of evolution correlate with species diversification across angiosperms. PLoS Biol. 15:e2002792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2002792

Igersheim, A. 1993a. Floral development and secondary pollen presentation in Petromarula Vent. ex Hedwig f. (Campanulaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 115: 301-313.

Igersheim, A. 1993b. The character states of the Caribbean monotypic endemic Strumpfia (Rubiaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 13: 545-559.

Igersheim, A. 1993c. Gynoecium development in Rubiaceae-Vanguerieae, with particular reference to the "stylar head"-complex and secondary pollen presentation. Plant Syst. Evol. 187: 175-190.

Igersheim, A., & Endress, P. K. 1997. Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the Magnoliales and Winteroids. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 124: 213-271.

Igersheim, A., & Endress, P. K. 1998. Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the paleoherbs. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 127: 289-370.

Igersheim, A., & Robbrecht, E. 1993. The chracter states and relationships of the Prismatomeridae (Rubiaceae-Rubioideae). Comparisons with Morinda and comments on the circumscription of the Morindeae s. str.. Opera Bot. Belgica 6: 61-79.

Igersheim, A., & Rohrhofer, U. 1993. The tribal position of Otiophora (Rubiaceae): New evidence from gynoecium structure and development. South African J. Bot. 59: 431-441.

Igersheim, A. [et al. 1994], Puff, C., Leins, P., & Erbar, C. 1994. Gynoecial development of Gaertnera Lam. and presumably allied taxa of Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae): Secondarily "superior" vs. inferior ovaries. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 116: 401-414.

Igersheim, A. [et al. 2001], Buzgo, M., & Endress, P. K. 2001. Gynoecium diversity and systematics in basal monocots. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 136: 1-65.

Igic, B., & Kohn, J. R. 2001. Evolutionary relationships among self-incompatibility RNases. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 98: 13167-13171.

Igic, B., & Kohn, J. R. 2006. The distribution of plant mating systems: Study bias against obligately outcrossing species. Evolution 60: 1098-1103.

Igic, B. [et al. 2006], Bohs, L., & Kohn, J. R. 2006. Ancient polymorphism reveals unidirectional breeding system shifts. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 103: 1359-1363.

Iglesias A. [et al. 2007], Wilf, P, Johnson, K. R., Zamuner, A. B., Cúneo, N. R., Matheos, S. D., & Singer, B. S. 2007. A Paleocene lowland macroflora from Patagonia reveals significantly greater richness than North American analogs. Geology 35: 947-950.

Iglesias, A. [et al. 2011], Artabe, A. E., & Morel, E. M. 2011. The evolution of Patagonian climate and vegetation from the Mesozoic to the present. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 103: 409-422.

Ignatov, M. S. 2019. Moss peristome: Problems of development and terminology. Bot. Zhurn. 104: 835-358. [In Russian.]

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 1960. Entwicklungsgeschichtliche, morphologische und systematische Untersuchungen an Mesembryanthemen. Feddes Repert. 63: 1-104.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 1967. Über die Abgrenzung und die natürliche Gliederung der Pedaliaceae R. Br. Mitt. Staatsinst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 12: 43-128.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 1983. Dispersal of Mesembryanthemaceae in arid habitats. Sonderb. Naturwiss. Vereins Hamburg 7: 381-390. [in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), Dispersal and Distribution: An International Symposium. Paul Parey, Hamburg.]

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 1994a. Diversification in an arid world: The Mesembryanthemaceae. Annual Review Ecol. Syst. 25: 521-546.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 1994b. Phytogeography of Pedaliaceae R. Br. Pp. 1063-1075, in Seyani, J. H., & Chikuni, A. C. (eds), Proceedings of the 13^th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, vol. 2. National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi, Zomba.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 2004. Martyniaceae, pp. 50-56, Pedaliaceae, 307-322, & Trapellaceae, 445-448, in Kadereit, J. (ed)., The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. 2010. Pedaliaceae - evolution and phylogeny of the succulent genera. Schumannia 6: 151-182. [Biodivers. Ecol. 3.]

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D.. & Gerbaulet, M. 1990. Untersuchungen zum Merkmalsbestand und zur Taxonomie der Gattungen Apatesia N. E. Br., Carpanthea N. E. Br., Conicosia N. E. Br., Herrea Schwantes und Hymenogyne Haw. (Mesembryanthemaceae Fenzl.). Bot Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 111: 457-498.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D., & Grabow-Seidensticker, U. 1979. The genus Sesamum and the origin of cultivated sesame. Pp. 53-60, in Kunkel, K. (ed.), Taxonomic Aspects of African Economic Botany. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

Ihlenfeldt, H.-D., & Hartmann, H. E. K. 1982. Leaf surfaces in Mesembryanthemaceae. Pp. 397-423, in Cutler, D. F., Alvin, K. L., & Price, C. E. (eds), The Plant Cuticle. Academic Press, London.

Iida, S. [et al. 2016], Ikeda, M., Amano, M., Sakagama, H., Kadono, Y., & Kosuge, K. 2016. Loss of heterophylly in aquatic plants: Not ABA-mediated stress but exogenous ABA treatment induces stomatal leaves in Potamogeton perfoliatus. J. Plant Res. 129: 853-862. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-016-0844-x

Ike Coan, A., & Scatena, V. L. 2004. Embryology and seed development of Blastocaulon scirpeum and Paepalanthus scleranthus (Eriocaulaceae). Flora 199: 47-57.

Ike Coan, A. [et al. 2008], Alves, M. V., & Scatena, V. L. 2008. Comparative study of ovule and fruit development in species of Hypolytrum and Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae, Poales). Plant Syst. Evol. 272: 181-195.

Ike Coan, A. [et al. 2010], Alves, M. V., & Scatena, V. L. 2010. Evidence of pseudomonad pollen formation in Hypolytrum (Mapanioideae, Cyperaceae). Australian J. Bot. 58: 663-672.

Ike Coan, A. [et al. 2012], Stützel, T., & Scatena, V. L. 2010 [= 2012]. Comparative embryology and taxonomic considerations in Eriocaulaceae (Poales). Feddes Repert. 121: 268-284.

Ikeura, H. [et al. 2010], Kobayashi, F., & Hayata, Y. 2010. How do Pieris rapae search for Brassicaceae host plants? Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 38: 1199-1203.

Iles, W. [et al. 2009], Smith, S. Y., & Graham, S. W. 2009. Robust resolution of the backbone of Alismatales phylogeny. P. 156, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Iles, W. J. D. [et al. 2013], Smith, S. Y., & Graham, S. W. 2013. A well-supported phylogenetic framework for the monocot order Alismatales reveals multiples losses of the plastid NADH dehydrogenase complex and a strong long-branch effect. Pp. 1-28, in Wilkin, P., & Mayo, S. J. (eds), Early Events in Monocot Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 83.]

Iles, W. J. [et al. 2014], Lee, C., Sokoloff, D. D., Remizowa, M. V., Yadav, S. R., Barrett, R. L., Macfarlane, T. D., Rudall, P. J., & Graham, S. W. 2014. Reconstructing the age and historical biogeography of the ancient flowering-plant family Hydatellaceae (Nymphaeales). BMC Evol. Biol. 14: 102. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-102

Iles, W. J. D. [et al. 2015], Smith, S. Y., Gandolfo, M. A., & Graham, S. W. 2015. Monocot fossils suitable for molecular dating analyses. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 178: 346-374.

Iles, W. J. D. [et al. 2016], Sass, C., Lagomarsino, L., Benson-Martin, G., Driscoll, H., & Specht, C. D. 2017 [= 2016]. The phylogeny of Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) and the evolution of floral presentation. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 117: 150-167.

Illing, N. [et al. 2009], Klak, C., Johnson, C., Negrao, N., Baine, F., van Kets, V., Ramchurn, K. R., Seoighe, C., & Roden, L. 2009. Duplication of the Asymmetric Leaves 1/Rough Sheath 2/Phantastica (ARP) gene precedes the explosive radiation of the Ruschioideae. Evol. Genes Devel. 219: 331-338.

Iltis, H. H. 1999. Setchellanthaceae (Capparales), a new family for a relictual, glucosinolate-producing endemic of the Mexican deserts. Taxon 48: 257-275.

Iltis, H. H. [et al. 2011], Hall, J. C., Cochrane, T. S., & Systma, K. J. 2011. Studies in the Cleomaceae I. On the separate recognition of Capparaceae, Cleomaceae, and Brassicaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 98: 28-36.

Iluz, D. 2011. The plant-aphid universe. Pp. 93-118, in Seckbach, J., & Dubinsky, Z. (eds), All Flesh is Grass: Plant-Animal Interrelationships. Springer, Dordrecht.

Imada, Y. 2020. Moss mimicry par excellence: Integrating previous and new data on the life history and larval ecomorphology of long-bodied craneflies (Diptera: Cylindrotomidae: Cylindrotominae). Zool. J. Linnean Soc.

Imada, Y. [et al. 2011], Kawakita, A., & Kato, M. 2011. Allopatric distribution and diversification without niche shift in a bryophyte-feeding basal moth lineage (Lepidoptera: Micropterigidae). Proc. Royal Soc. B, 278: 3026-3033.

Imaichi, R. 2008. Meristem organization and organ identity. Pp. 75-103, in Ranker, T. A., & Haufler, C. H. (eds), Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Imaichi, R., & Hiratsuka, R. 2007. Evolution of shoot apical meristem structures in vascular plants with respect to plasmodial network. American J. Bot. 94: 1911-1921.

Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 1989. Developmental anatomy of the shoot apical cell, rhizophore and root of Selaginella uncinata. J. Plant Res. 102: 369-380.

Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 1991. Developmental study of branched rhizophores in three Selaginella species. American J. Bot. 78: 1694-1703.

Imaichi, R. [et al. 2001], Inokuchi, S., & Kato, M. 2001. Developmental morphology of one-leaf plant Monophyllaea singularis (Gesneriaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 229: 171-185.

Imaichi, R. [et al. 2004], Maeda, R., Suzuki, K., & Kato, M. 2004. Developmental morphology of foliose shoots and seedlings of Dalzella zeylanica (Podostemaceae) with special reference to their meristems. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 144: 289-302.

Imaichi, R. [et al. 2007], Omura-Shimadate, M., Ayano, M., & Kato, M. 2007. Developmental morphology of the caulescent species Streptocarpus pallidiflorus (Gesneriaceae), with implications for evolution of monophylly. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 251-260.

Imbert, E. 2002. Ecological consequences and ontogeny of seed hetermorphism. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 5: 13-36.

Imhof, S. 1997. Root anatomy and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllous Voyria tenella Hooker (Gentianaceae). Bot. Acta 110:298–305.

Imhof, S. 1998. Subterranean structures and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllous Triuris hyalina (Triuridaceae). Canadian J. Bot. 76: 2011-2019.

Imhof, S. 1999a. Root morphology, anatomy and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllopus Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers. (Gentianaceae). Mycorrhiza 9: 33-39.

Imhof, S. 1999b. Anatomy and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllous Afrothismia winkleri. New Phytol. 144: 533-540.

Imhof, S. 1999c. Subterranean structures and mycorrhiza of the achlorophyllous Burmannia tenella Benth. (Burmanniaceae). Canadian J. Bot. 77: 637-643.

Imhof, S. 2001. Subterranean structures and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllous Dictyostega orobanchoides (Hook.) Miers (Burmanniaceae). Rev Biol. Trop. 49: 239-247.

Imhof, S. 2004. Morphology and development of the subterranean organs of the achlorophyllous Sciaphila polygyna (Triuridaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 146: 295-301.

Imhof, S. 2007. Specialized mycorrhizal colonization pattern in achlorophyllous Epirixanthes spp. (Polygalaceae). Plant Biol. 9: 786-792.

Imhof, S. 2009. Arbuscular, ecto-related, orchid mycorhizas - three independent structural lineages towards mycoheterotrophy: Implications for classification? Mycorrhiza 19: 357-363.

Imhof, S. 2010. Are monocots particularly suited to develop mycoheterotrophy? Pp. 11-23, in Seberg, O., Petersen, G., Barfod, A. S., & Davis, J. I. (eds), Diversity, Phylogeny, and Evolution in the Monocotyledons. Aarhus University Press, Århus.

Imhof, S., & Sainge, M. N. 2008. Ontogeny of the mycoheterotrophic species Afrothisma hydra (Burmanniaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 157: 31-36.

Imhof, S., & Weber, H. C. 2000. Root structures and mycorrhiza of the achlorophyllous Voyria obconica Progel (Gentianaceae). Symbiosis 29: 201-211.

Imhof, S. (et al. 2013), Massicotte, H. B., Melville, L. H., & Peterson, R. L. 2013. Subterranean morphology and mycorrhizal structures. Pp. 157-234, in Merckx, V. S. F. T. (ed)., Mycoheterotrophy: The Biology of Plants Living on Fungi. Springer, New York.

Imhof, S. [et al. 2020], Feller, B., & Heser, A. 2020. Morpho-anatomical differences among mycoheterotrophic Afrothismia spp. (Thismiaceae) indicate an evolutionary progression towards improved mycorrhizal benefit. Mycorrhiza 30: 397-405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00951-1

Immirzi, C. P., & Maltby, E. 1992. The Global Status of Peatlands and Their Role in Carbon Cycling. Friends of the Earth, London.

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Inagawa, T. [et al. 2023], Riutta, T., Majalap-Lee, N., Nilus, R., Josue, J., & Malhi, Y. 2023. Radial and vertical variation of wood nutrients in Bornean tropical forest trees. Biotropica 55: 1019-1032. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13250

Inamdar, J. A. [et al. 1983], Shenoy, K. N., & Rao, N. V. 1983. Leaf architecture of some monocotyledons with reticulate venation. Ann. Bot. 52: 725-735.

Inamdar, J. A. [et al. 1990], Chaudhari, G. S., & Ramana Rao, T. V. 1990. Studies on the cystoliths of Acanthaceae. Feddes Repert. 101: 417-424.

Inda, L. A. [et al. 2008a], Segarra-Moragues, J. G., Müller, J., Peterson, P. M., & Catalán, P. 2008a. Dated historical biogeography of the temperate Loliinae (Poaceae, Pooideae) grasses in the northern and southern hemispheres. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 46: 932-957.

Inda, L. A. [et al. 2008b], Torrecilla, P., Catalán, P., & Ruiz-Zapata, T. 2008b. Phylogeny of Cleome L. and its close relatives Podandrogyne Ducke and Polanisia Raf. (Cleomoideae, Cleomaceae) based on analysis of nuclear ITS sequences and morphology. Plant Syst. Evol.274: 111-126.

Inda, L. A. [et al. 2010], Pimental, M., & Chase, M. W. 2010. Contribution of mitochondrial cox1 intron sequences ro the phylogenetics of the tribe Orchideae (Orchidaceae): Do the distribution and sequence of this intron in orchids also tell us something about its evolution? Taxon 59: 1053-1064.

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Jansen, S., & Smets, E. 1998. Vestured pits in some woody Gentianaceae. IAWA J. 19: 35-42.

Jansen, S., & Smets, E. 2000. Morphology, distribution and systematic importance of vestures in the Gentianales. Pp. 277-296, in Nordenstam, B., El-Ghazaly, G., & Kassas, M. (eds), Plant Systematics for the 21^st Century. Portland Press, London.

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Jansen, S. [et al. 2000b], Piesschaert, F., & Smets, E. 2000b. Wood anatomy of Elaeagnaceae, with comments on vestured pits, helical thickenings, and systematic relationships. American J. Bot. 87: 20-28.

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Jansen, S. [et al. 2001b], Lens, F., Ntore, S., Piesschaert, F., Robbrecht, E., & Smets, E. 2001b. Contributions to the wood anatomy of the Rubioideae (Rubiaceae). J. Plant Res. 114: 269-289.

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Johnson, D. [et al. 2023a], Liu, X., & Burslem, D. F. R. P. 2023a. Symbiotic control of canopy dominance in subtropical and tropical forests. Trends Plant Sci. 28: 995-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.027

Johnson, D. [et al. 2023b], Liu, X., & Burslem, D. F. R. P. 2023b. Phosphorus acquisition and canopy dominance in tropical and subtropical forests: Response to Brearley et al.. Trends Plant Sci. 28: 1335-1336. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.09.002

Johnson, D. J. [et al. 2012a], Beaulieu, W. T., Bever, J. D., & Clay, K. 2012a. Conspecific negative density dependence and forest diversity. Science 336: 904-907.

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Johnson, D. M., & Murray, N. A. 2018. A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): The species of tropical Africa. PhytoKeys 97: 1-252.

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Johnson, D. W., & Cole, D. W. 2005. Nutrient cycles in conifer forests. Pp. 427-450, in Andersson, F. (ed.), Ecosystems of the World. 6. Coniferous Forests. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Johnson, G. P., & Renzaglia, K. S. 2009. Evaluating the diversity of pteridophyte embryology in the light of recent phylogenetic analyses leads to new inferences on character evolution. Plant Syst. Evol. 283: 149-164.

Johnson, J. M., & Choinski, J. S. Jr. 1993. Photosynthesis in the Tapinanthus—Diplorhynchus mistletoe—host relationship. Ann. Bot. 72: 117-122.

Johnson, K. A. 2013. Are there pollination syndromes in the Australian epacrids (Ericaceae: Styphelioideae)? A novel statistical method to identify key floral traits per syndrome. Ann. Bot. 112: 141-149.

Johnson, K. A. [et al. 2012], Holland, B. R., Heslewood, M. M., & Crayn, D. M. 2012. Supermatrices, supertrees and serendipitous scaffolding: Inferring a well-resolved, genus-level phylogeny of Styphelioideae (Ericaceae) despite missing data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 62: 146-158.

Johnson, K. R. 2002. Megaflora of the Hell Creek and lower Fort Union formations in the western Dakotas: Vegetational response to climate change, the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event, and rapid marine transgression. Pp. 329-391, in Hartman, J. H., Johnson, K. R., & Nichols, D. J. (eds). The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the Northern Great Plains: An Integrated Continental Record of the End of the Cretaceous. Geological Society of America. [Geol. Soc. America Spec. Papers 361: 329-391.]

Johnson, K. R., & Ellis, B. 2002. A tropical rainforest in Colorado 1.4 million years after the Cretaceous-Tertiary bounday. Science 296: 2379-2383.

Johnson, L. A., & Porter, J. M. 2017. Fates of angiosperm species following long-distance dispersal: Examples from American amphitropical Polemoniaceae. American J. Bot. 104: 1729-17

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Johnson, L. A. [et al. 2004], Huish, K. H., & Porter, J. M. 2004. Seed surface sculpturing and its systematic significance in Gilia (Polemoniaceae) and segregate genera. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 153-172.

Johnson, L. A. [et al. 2008], Chan, L. M., Weese, T. L., Busby, L. D., & McMurry, S. 2008. Nuclear and cpDNA sequences combined provide strong inference of higher phylogenetic relationships in the phlox family (Polemoniaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 48: 997-1012.

Johnson, L. A. [et al. 2012], Chan, L. M., Pozner, R., & Glazier, L. D. 2012. Allotetraploids in Patagonia with affinities to western North American diploids: Did dispersal or genome doubling occur first? Bot. Review 78: 288-306.

Johnson, L. A. S., & Briggs, B. G. 1963. Evolution in the Proteaceae. Australian J. Bot. 11: 21-61.

Johnson, L. A. S., & Briggs, B. G. 1975. On the Proteaceae - the evolution and classification of a southern family. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 70: 83-182.

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Johnson, L. A. S., & Wilson, K. L. 1990. Cycadophytina. Pp. 362-377, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume 1. Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Springer, Berlin.

Johnson, L. A. S., & Wilson, K. L. 1993. Casuarinaceae. Pp. 237-242, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

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Johnson, M. [Melissa] A. [et al. 2015], Price, D. K., Price, J. P., & Stacy, E. A. 2015. Postzygotic barriers isolate sympatric species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in Hawaiian montane forest understories. American J. Bot. 102: 1870-1882.

Johnson, M. A. [et al. 2017], Clark, J. R., Wagner, W. L., & McDade, L. A. 2017. A molecular phylogeny of the Pacific clade of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) reveals a Fijian origin, recent diversification, and the importance of founder events. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 116: 30-48.

Johnson, M. A. [et al. 2019], Pillon, Y., Sakashima, T., Price, D. K., & Stacy, E. A. 2019. Multiple colonizations, hybridization and uneven diversification in Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) lineages on Hawai'i Island. J. Biogeog. 46: 1178-1196.

Johnson, M. G. [et al. 2014], Granath, G., Tahvanainen, T., Pouliot, R., Stenøien, H. K., Rochefort, L., Rydin, H., & Shaw, A. J. 2014. Evolution of niche preference in Sphagnum peat mosses. Evolution 69: 90-103.

Johnson, M. G. [et al. 2016], Malley, C., Goffinet, B., Shaw, A. J., & Wickett, N. J. 2016. A phylotranscriptomic analysis of gene family expansion and evolution in the largest order of pleurocarpous mosses (Hypnales, Bryophyta). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 98: 29-40.

Johnson, M. G. [et al. 2018], Pokorny, L., Dodsworth, S., Botigué, L. R., Cowan, R. S., Devault, A., Eiserhardt, W. L., Epitawalage, N., Forest, F., Kim, J, T., Leebens-Mack, J. H., Leitch, I. J., Maurin, O., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Wong, G. K.-s., Baker, W. J., & Wickett, N. J. 2018. A universal probe set for targeted sequencing of 353 nuclear genes from any flowering plant designed using k-medoids clustering. Syst. Biol. 68: 594-606. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syy086

Johnson, M. T. J. [et al. 2009], Smith, S. D., & Rauscher, M. D. 2009. Plant sex and the evolution of plant defences against herbivores. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 106: 18071-18084.

Johnson, M. T. J. [et al. 2011], FitzJohn, R. G., Smith, S. D., Rauscher, M. D., & Otto, S. P. 2011. Loss of sexual recombination and segregation is associated with increased diversification in evening primroses. Evolution 65: 3230-3240.

Johnson, M. T. J. [et al. 2014], Ives, A. R., Ahern, J., & Salminen, J. P. 2014. Macroevolution of plant defenses against herbivores in the evening primroses. New Phytol. 203: 267-279. doi: 10.1111/nph.12763

Johnson, N. C. 2010 [= 2009]. Resource stoichiometry elucidates the structure and function of arbuscular mycorrhizas across scales. New Phytol. 185: 631-647. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03110.x

Johnson, N. C. [et al. 1997], Graham, J. H., & Smith, F. A. 1997. Functioning of mycorrhizal associations along the mutualism-parasitism continuum. New Phytol. 135: 575-585.

Johnson, R. N. [et al. 2018], O'Meally, D., Chen, Z., Etherington, G. J., Ho, S. Y. W., Nash, W. J., Grueber, C. E., Cheng, Y., Whittington, C. M., Dennison, S., Peel, E., Haerty, W., O'Neill, R. J., Colgan, D., Russell, T. L., Alquezar-Planas, D. E., Attenbrow, V., Bragg, J. G., Brandies, P. A., Chong, A. Y.-Y., Deakin, J. E., Di Palma, F., Duda, Z., Eldridge, M. D. B., Ewart, K. M., Hogg, C. J., Frankham, G. J., Georges, A., Gillett, A. K., Govendir, M., Greenwood, A. D., Hayakawa, T., Helgen, K. M., Hobbs, M., Holleley, C. E., Heider, T. N., Jones, E. A., King, A., Madden, D., Marshall Graves, J. A., Morris, K. M., Neaves, L. E., Patel, H. R., Polkinghorne, A., Renfree, M. B., Robin, C., Salinas, R., Tsangaras, K., Waters, P. D., Waters, S. A., Wright, B., Wilkins, M. R., Timms, P, P., & Belov, K. 2018. Adaptation and conservation insights from the koala genome. Nature Genetics doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0153-5

Johnson, S. D. 2004. An overview of plant-pollinator relationships in southern Africa. Internat. J. Trop. Insect Sci. 24: 45-54.

Johnson, S. D. 2010. The pollination niche and its role in the diversification and maintenance of the southern African flora. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 365: 490-516.

Johnson, S. D., & Bond, W. J. 1994. Red flowers and butterfly pollination in the fynbos of South Africa. Pp. 137-148, in Arianoutsou, M., & Groves, R. H. (eds.), Plant—Animal Interactions in Mediterranean-type Ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

Johnson, S. D., & Edwards, T. J. 2000. The structure and function of orchid pollinaria. Plant Syst. Evol. 222: 243-269.

Johnson, S. D., & Harder, L. D. 2023. The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 290:20231148. http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1148

Johnson, S. D., & Jürgens, A. 2010. Convergent evolution of carrion and fecal scent mimicry in fly-pollinated angiosperm flowers and a stinkhorn fungus. South African J. Bot. 76: 796-807.

Johnson, S. D., & Nicolson, S. W. 2008. Evolutionary associations between nectar properties and specificity in bird pollination systems. Biol. Lett. 4: 49-52.

Johnson, S. D., & Raguso, R. 2016 [= 2015]. The long-tongued hawkmoth pollinator niche for native and invasive plants in Africa. Ann. Bot. 117: 25-36.

Johnson, S. D., & Schiestl, F. P. 2016. Floral Mimicry. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Johnson, S. D., & Steiner, K. E. 2000. Generalization versus specialization in plant pollination systems. Trends Evol. Ecol. 15: 140-143.

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Li, J. [et al. 1999a], Bogle, A. L., & Klein, A. S. 1999a. Phylogenetic relationships of the Hamamelidaceae: Evidence from the nucleotide sequences of the plastid gene matK. Plant Syst. Evol. 218: 205-219.

Li, J. [et al. 1999b], Bogle, A. L., & Klein, A. S. 1999b. Phylogenetic relationships of the Hamamelidaceae based on sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. American J. Bot. 86: 1027-1037.

Li, J. [et al. 2004], Ledger, J., Ward, T., & del Tredici, P. 2004. Phylogenetics of Calycanthaceae based on molecular and morphological data with a special reference to divergent paralogues of the nrDNA ITS region. Harvard Papers Bot. 9: 69-82.

Li, J. [et al. 2006], Yue, J., & Shoup, S. 2006. Phylogenetics of Acer (Aceroideae, Sapindaceae) based on nucleotide sequences of two chloroplast non-coding regions. Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 101-115.

Li, J. [et al. 2014], Jiang, J.-H., Fu, C.-X., & Tang, S.-Q. 2014. Molecular systematics and biogeography of Wisteria inferred from nucleotide sequences of nuclear and plastid genes. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 40-50.

Li, J. [et al. 2017], Murray, K. G., & Brown, K. 2018 [= 2017]. Differential diversification of South American and East Asian disjunct genera Bocconia and Macleaya (Papaveraceae). J. Syst. Evol. 56: 25-34.

Li, J. [et al. 2019], Mark Stukel, M., Bussies, P., Skinner, K., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon, E. M., Brown, K., Bekmetjev, A., & Swenson, N. G. 2019. Maple phylogeny and biogeography inferred from phylogenomic data. J. Syst. Evol. doi: 10.1111/jse.12535

Li, J. [Jialiang] [et al. 2021], Zhang, Y., Ruhsam, M., Milne, R. I., Wang, Y., Wu, D., Jia, S., Tao, T., & Mao, K. 2022 [= 2021]. Seeing through the hedge: Phylogenomics of Thuja (Cupressaceae) reveals prominent incomplete lineage sorting and ancient introgression for Tertiary relict flora. Cladistics 38: 187-203.

Li, J. [Jie] [et al. 2004], Christophel, D. C., Conran, J. G., & Li, H.-W. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships within the 'core' Laureae (Litsea complex, Lauraceae) inferred from sequences of the chloroplast gene matK and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS regions. Plant Syst. Evol. 246: 19-34.

Li, J. [et al. 2008], Conran, J. G., Christophel, D. C., Li, Z.-M., Li, L., & Li, H.-W. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships in the Litsea complex and core Laureae (Lauraceae) using ITS and ETS sequences and morphology. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 580-599.

Li, J. [Jingping] [et al. 2014], Tang, H., Bowers, J. E., Ming, R., & Paterson, A. H. 2014. Insights into the common ancestor of eudicots. Adv. Bot. Res. 69: 137-174.

Li, J. [Jinhong] [et al. 2011], Webster, M. A., Smith, M. C., & Gilmartin, P. M. 2011. Floral heteromorphy in Primula vulgaris: Progress towards isolation and characterization of the S locus. Ann. Bot. 108: 715-726.

Li, J. [Juan] [et al. 2021], Price, M., Su, D.-N., Zhang, Z., Yu, Y., Xie, D.-F., Zhou, S.-D., He, X.-J., & Gao, X.-F. 2021. Phylogeny and comparative analysis for the plastid genomes of five Tulipa (Liliaceae). BioMed Research Internat 2021:6648429. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6648429

Li, J.-h. [et al. 2011], Liu, Z.-j., Salazar, G. A., Bernhardt, P., Perner, H., Tomohisa, Y., Jin, X.-h., Chung, S.-w., & Luo, Y.-b. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of Cypripedium (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) inferred from multiple nuclear and chloroplast regions. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 61: 308-320.

Li, J.-K., & Huang, S.-Q. 2009. Flower thermoregulation facilitates fertilization in Asian sacred lotus. Ann. Bot. 103: 1159-1163.

Li, J.-Q. 1996. On the phylogeny of the Fagaceae. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 34: 597-609.

Li, J.-Y. [et al. 2014], Li, Y.-N., Tu, Q., & Zhang, Z.-X. 2014. Evolution of cyme architecture in Celastraceae. Phytotaxa 181: 110-119.

Li, L. [Laigeng] [et al. 2001], Cheng, X. F., Leshkevich, J., Umezawa, T., Harding, S. A., & Chiang, V. L. 2001. The last step of syringyl monolignol biosynthesis in angiosperms is regulated by a novel gene encoding sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Plant Cell 13: 1567-1585.

Li, L. [Lang] [et al. 2011], Rohwer, J. G., van der Werff, H., Wang, Z.-H., & Li, H.-W. 2011. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Persea group (Lauraceae) and its biogeographic implications on the evolution of tropical and subtropical amphi-Pacific disjunctions. American J. Bot. 98: 1520-1536.

Li, L. [et al. 2016], Madriñán, S., & Li, J. 2016. Phylogeny and biogeography of Caryodaphnopsis (Lauraceae) inferred from low-copy nuclear gene and ITS sequences. Taxon 65: 433-443.

Li, L. [Li], & Huang, H.-Y. 2015. Embryology of Swertia davidii (Gentianaceae). Guihaia 35: 631-640. [In Chinese.]

Li, L. [Lin] [et al. 2020], Chung, S.-W., Li, B., Zeng, S.-J., Yan, H.-F., & Li, S.-J. 2020. New insight into the molecular phylogeny of the genus Liparis s.l. (Orchidaceae: Malaxidae) with a new generic segregate: Blepharoglossum. Plant Syst. Evol. 306:54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-020-01679-3

Li, L. [Lingfei] [et al. 2022], Chen, X., Fang, D., Dong, S., Guo, X., Li, N., Campos-Dominguez, L., Wang, W., Liu, Y., Lang, X., Peng, Y., Tian, D., Thomas, D. C., Mu, W., Liu, M., Wu, C., Yang, T., Zhang, S., Yang, L., Yang, J., Liu, Z.-J., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Chen, F., Jiao, Y., Guo, Y., Hughes, M., Wang, W., Liu, X., Zhong, C., Li, A., Sahu, S. K., Yang, H., Wu, E., Sharbrough, J., Lisby, M., Liu, X., Xu, X., Soltis, D. E., Van de Peer, Y., Kidner, C., Zhang, S., & Liu, H. 2022. Genomes shed light on the evolution of Begonia, a mega-diverse genus. New Phytol. 234: 295-310.

Li, L. [Lu] [et al. 2003], Liang, H.-X., Peng, H., & Lei, L.-G. 2003. Sporogenesis and gametogenesis in Sladenia and their systematic implication. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 143: 305-314.

Li, L. [Luona] [et al. 2007], Li, J., Conran, J. G., & Li, X.-W. (Li, H.-W.) 2007. Phylogeny of Neolitsea (Lauraceae) inferred from Bayesian analysis of nr DNA ITS and ETS sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 269: 203-221.

Li, L.-F. [et al. 2010], Häkkinen, Tuan, Y.-M., Hao, G., & Ge, X.-J. 2010. Molecular systematics and phylogeny of the banana family (Musaceae) inferred from multiple nuclear and chloroplast DNA fragments, with a special reference to the genus Musa. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 57: 1-10.

Li, M. [Mao] [et al. 2017a], Duncan, K., Topp, C. N., & Chitwood, D. H. 2017a. Persistent homology and the branching topologies of plants. American J. Bot.

Li, M. [et al. 2017b], Frank, M. H., Coneva, V., Mio, W., Topp, C. N., & Chitwood, D. H. 2017b. Persistent homology: A tool to universally measure plant morphologies across organs and scales. bioRχiv https://doi.org/10.1101/104141

Li, M. [et al. 2018], Frank, M. H., Coneva, V., Mio, W., Chitwood, D. H., & Topp, C. N. 2018. The persistent homology mathematical framework provides enhanced genotype-to-phenotype associations for plant morphology. Plant Physiol. 177: 1382-1395.

Li, M. [Meng] [et al. 2017], Ohi-Toma, T., Gao, Y.-D., Xu, B., Zhu, Z.-M., Ju, W.-B., & Gao, X.-F. 2017. Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of Sorbus sensu stricto (Rosaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 111: 76-86.

Li, M.-H. [et al. 2016a], Zhang, G.-Q., Liu, Z.-J., & Lan, S.-R. 2016a. Subtribal relationships in Cymbidieae (Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) reveal a new subtribe, Dipodiinae, based on plastid and nuclear coding DNA. Phytotaxa 246: 37-48.

Li, M.-H. [et al. 2016b], Zhang, G.-Q., Lan, S.-R., Liu, Z.-J., & China Phylogeny Consortium. 2016b. A molecular phylogeny of Chinese orchids. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 349-362. doi: 10.1111/jse.12187

Li, M.-H. [et al. 2019], Zhang, G.-Q., Deng, H., Liu, D.-K., Tu, X.-D., Wang, W., Lan, S.-R., & Liu, Z.-J. 2019. A perspective on crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis of orchids on different continents: Dendrobium as a case study. J. Experim. Bot. 70: 6611-6619.

Li, M.-H. [et al. 2022], Liu, K.-W., Li, Z., Lu, H.-C., Ye, Q.-L., Zhang, D., Wang, J.-Y., Li, Y.-F., Zhong, Z.-M., Liu, X., Yu, X., Liu, D.-K., Tu, X.-D., Liu, B., Hao, Y., Liao, X.-Y., Jiang, Y.-T., Sun, W.-H., Chen, J., Chen, Y.-Q., Ai, Y., Zhai, J.-W., Wu, S.-S., Zhou, Z., Hsiao, Y.-Y., Wu, W.-L., Chen, Y.-Y., Lin, Y.-F., Hsu, J.-L., Li, C.-Y., Wang, Z.-W., Zhao, X., Zhong, W.-Y., Ma, X.-K., Ma, L., Huang, J., Chen, G.-Z., Huang, M.-Z., Huang, L., Peng, D.-H., Luo, L.-B., Zo, S.-Q., Chen, S.-P., Lan, S., Tsai, W.-C., van de Peer, Y., & Liu, Z.-J. 2022. Genomes of leafy and leafless Platanthera orchids illuminate the evolution of mycoheterotrophy. Nature Plants 8: 373-388.

Li, M.-M. [Meng-Meng] [et al. 2019], Wang, D.-Y., Zhang, L., Kang, M.-H., Lu, Z.-Q., Zhu, R.-B., Mao, X.-X., Xi, Z.-X., & Tao, M. 2019. Intergeneric relationships within the family Salicaceae s.l. based on plastid phylogenomics. Internat. J. Molec. Sci. 20:3788. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153788

Li, M.-M. [Mi-Mi] [et al. 2013], Li, J.-H., del Tredici, P., Corajod, J., & Fu, C.-X. 2013. Phylogenetics and biogeography of Theaceae based on sequences of plastid genes. J. Syst. Evol. 51: 396-404.

Li, N. [et al. 2018], Stevenson, D. W., & Griffith, M. P. 2018 (eds). Cycad Biology and Conservation: The 9^th International Conference on Cycad Biology. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.

Li, P. [Pan] [et al. 2017], Qi, Z.-C., Liu, L.-X., Ohi-Toma, T., Lee, J., Hsieh, T.-H., Fu, C.-X., Cameron, K. M., & Qiu, Y.-X. 2017. Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the mint tribe Elsholtzieae (Nepetoideae, Lamiaceae), with an emphasis on its diversification in East Asia. Sci. Reports 7(1):2057.

Li, P. [Peng] [et al. 2012], Pemberton, R., Zheng, G., & Luo, L. 2012. Fly pollination in Cypripedium: A case study of the sympatric C. sichuanense and C. micranthum. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 170: 50-58.

Li, P. [Ping], & Johnston, M. 2000. Heterochrony in plant evolutionary studies through the twentieth century. Bot. Rev. 66: 57-86.

Li, P., & Johnston, M. 2001. Comparative floral morphometrics of distyly and homostyly in three evolutionary lineages of Amsinckia (Boraginaceae). Canadian J. Bot. 79: 1332-1348.

Li, P., & Johnston, M. 2010. Flower development and the evolution of self-fertilization in Amsinckia: The role of heterochrony. Evol. Biol. 37: 143-168.

Li, P.-S. [et al. 2017], Thomas, D. C., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2017. Historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling of the Asimina-Disepalum clade (Annonaceae): Role of ecological differentiation in Neotropical-Asian disjunctions and diversification in Asia. BMC Evol. Biol. 17:188. doi: 10.1186/s12862-017-1038-4

Li, Q. [Qijia] [et al. 2019], Shi, G., Liu, Y., Fu, Q., Jin, J., & Quan, C. 2019. The early history of Annonaceae (Magnoliales) in Southeast Asia suggests floristic exchange between India and Pan-Indochina by the late Oligocene. Papers Palaeont. doi: 10.1002/spp2.1249

Li, Q.-G. [et al. 2013], Li, Z., Li, C., Dunwell, J. M., & Zhang, Y.-M. 2013. Comparative genomics suggests that an ancestral polyploidy event leads to enhanced root nodule symbiosis in the Papilionoideae. Molec. Biol. Evol. 30: 2602-2611.

Li, Q.-Q. [et al. 2010], Zhou, H.-D., He, X.-J., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y.-C., & Wei, H.-Q. 2010. Phylogeny and biogeography of Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Allieae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast rps16 sequences, focusing on the inclusion of species endemic to China. Ann. Bot. 106:: 709-733.

Li, Q.-Q. [et al. 2012], Zhou, S.-D., He, X.-J., & Wei, X.-Q. 2012. Phylogeny and character evolution in Allium sugenus Amerallium (Amaryllidaceae). Plant Divers. Resources 34: 107-119.

Li, Q.-Q. [et al. 2016], Zhou, S.-D., Huang, D.-Q., He, X.-J., & Wei, X.-Q. 2016. Molecular phylogeny, divergence time estimates and historical biogeography within one of the world's largest monocot genera. AoB PLANTS 8:plw041. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw041

Li, Q.-Y. [et al. 2012], Guo, W., Liao, W.-B., Macklin, J. A., & Li, J.-H. 2012. Generic limits of Pyrinae: Insights from nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Bot. Stud. 53: 151-164.

Li, R., & Wen, J. 2013. Phylogeny and biogeography of Dendropanax (Araliaceae), an amphi-Pacific disjunct genus between tropical/subtropical Asia and the Neotropics. Syst. Bot. 38: 536-551.

Li, R., & Wen, J. 2014. Phylogeny and biogeography of Asian Schefflera (Araliaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 431-449.

Li, R., & Wen, J. 2016. Phylogeny and classification of Chinese Araliaceae based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 453-467.

Li, R. [et al. 2011], Yang, J.-B., Yang, S.-X., & Li, D. Z. 2012. Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Pyrenaria complex (Theaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. Nordic J. Bot. 29: 780-787.

Li, R.-Q. [et al. 2002], Chen, Z.-D., Hong, Y.-P., & Lu, A.-M. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the "higher" hamamelids based on chloroplast trnL-F sequences. Acta Bot. Sinica 44: 1462-1468.

Li, R.-Q. [et al. 2004], Chen, Z.-D., Lu, A.-M., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., & Manos, P. S. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships in Fagales based on DNA sequences from three genomes. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 311-324.

Li, R.-Q. [et al. 2005], Chen, Z.-D., & Lu, A.-M. 2005. Organogenesis of the inflorescence and flowers in Platycarya strobilacea (Juglandaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 166: 449-457.

Li, R.-T. [et al 2016], Morris-Natschkeb, S. L., & Lee, K.-H. 2016. Clerodane diterpenes: Sources, structures, and biological activities. Natural Prod. Rep. 33: 1166–1226.

Li, S. [et al. 2012], Jia, Y., & Wang, Q. 2012. Molecular phylogenetic relationships among basal mosses. Chinese Bull. Bot. 47: 379-394.

Li, S.-g., & Pennington, T. D. 1996. Sapotaceae. Pp. 205-214, in Wu, Z.-y., & Raven, P. H. (eds), Flora of China. Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae. Vol. 15. Science Press, Beijing.

Li, S.-H. [et al. 2012], Nagy, N. E., Hammerbacher, A., Krokene, P., Niu, X.-M., Gershenzon, J., & Schneider, B. 2012. Localization of phenolics in phloem parenchyma cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies). ChemBioChem 13: 2707-2713. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201200547

Li, T. [et al. 2023], Zhong, Z., Pearson, D. E., Ortega, Y. K., Li, W., Li, Y., Zhu, H., Risch, A. C., & Wang, D. 2023. Parasites as ecosystem modulators: foliar pathogens suppress top-down effects of large herbivores. New Phytol. 239:340-349. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18912

Li, W. [et al. 2021], Matsuhisa, N., Liu, Z., Wang, M., Luo, Y., Cai, P., Chen, G., Zhang, F., Li, C., Liu, Z., Lv, Z., Zhang, W., & Chen, X. 2021. An on-demand plant-based actuator created using conformable electrodes. Nature Electron. 4: 134-142.

Li, W.-P. [et al. 2012], Yang, F.-S., Jivkova, T., & Yin, G.-S. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships and generic delimitation of Eurasian Aster (Asteraceae: Astereae) inferred from ITS, ETS and trnL-F sequence data. Ann. Bot. 109: 1341-1357.

Li, X. [Xi] [et al. 2013], Zhang, T.-C., Qiao, Q., Ren, Z., Zhao, J., Yonezawa, T., Hasegawa, M., Crabbe, M. J. C., Li, J., & Zhong, Y. 2013. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of holoparasite Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) reveals gene loss and horizontal gene transfer from its host Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae). PLoS ONE 8(3):e58747. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058747

Li, X. [et al. 2016], Li, Y., Zang, M., Li, M., & Fang, Y. 2016. Complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Quercus acutissima. Internat. J. Molec. Sci. 19(8):2443.

Li, X. [et al. 2017], Jang, T.-S., Temsch, E. M., Kato, H., Takayama, K., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2017. Molecular and karyological data confirm that the enigmatic genus Platypholis from Bonin-Islands (SE Japan) is phylogenetically nested within Orobanche (Orobanchaceae). J. Plant Res. 130: 273-280.

Li, X. [et al. 2019], Feng, T., Randle, C., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2019. Phylogenetic relationships in Orobanchaceae inferred from low-copy nuclear genes: Consolidation of major clades and identification of a novel position of the non-photosynthetic Orobanche clade sister to all other parasitic Orobanchaceae. Front. Plant Sci. 10:902. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00902

Li, X. [Xiaojuan] [et al. 2019], Yao, G., Zhao, Z., & Zhang, D. 2019. Plastome of mycoheterotrophic Burmannia itoana Mak. (Burmanniaceae) exhibits extensive degradation and distinct rearrangements. PeerJ 7:e7787. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7787

Li, X. [et al. 2023], Qu, L., Hu, G., & Zhang, D. 2023. Revision of Campylosiphon (Burmanniaceae), with new combinations and a new species described. Syst. Bot. 48: 395-409.

Li, X. [Xiaoping] [et al. 2021], Zhao, Y., Tu, X., Li, C., Zhu, Y., Zong, H., Liu, Z.-J., Wu, S., & Zhai, J. 2021. Comparative analysis of plastomes in Oxalidaceae: Phylogenetic relationships and potential molecular markers. Plant Divers. 43: 281-291.

Li, X. [Xu], & Chapple, C. 2010. Understanding lignification: Challenges beyond monolignol biosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 154: 449-452.

Li, X. [Xuankun] [et al. 2021], St Laurent, R., Earl, C., Doorenweerd, C., van Nieukerken, E. J., Davis, D. R., Johns, C. A., Kawakita, A., Kobayashi, S., Zwick, A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Ohshima, I., & Kawahara, A. Y. 2022 [= 2021]. Phylogeny of gracillariid leaf-mining moths: Evolution of larval behaviour inferred from phylogenomic and Sanger data. Cladistics 38: 277-300.

Li, X.-X., & Zhou, Z.-K. 2006. A cladistic analysis of monocotyledons at the family level based on morphological data. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 28: 241-249. [In Chinese.]

Li, X.-X., & Zhou, Z.-K. 2007. The higher-level phylogeny of monocots based on matK, rbcL and 18S rDNA sequences. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 45: 113-133. [In Chinese.]

Li, Y. [Ya] [et al. 2010], Smith, T., Liu, C.-J., Awashti, N., Yang, J., Wang, Y.-F., & Li, C.-S. 2011. Endocarps of Prunus (Rosaceae: Prunoideae) from the early Eocene of Wutu, Shandong Province, China. Taxon 60: 555-564.

Li, Y. [Yan] [et al. 2015], Feng, Y., Lv, G., Liu, B., & Qi, A. 2015. The phylogeny of Alyssum inferred from molecular data. Nordic J. Bot. 33: 715-721.

Li, Y. [Yang] [et al. 2022], Jin, W., Zhang, L., Zhou, P., Luo, Y., Zhu, Z., & Xiang, X. 2022. Biogeography and diversification of the tropical and subtropical Asian genus Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae). Diversity 14:396. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14050396

Li, Y. [et al. 2024], Ning, Y., Zheng, Y. C., Lou, X. Y., Pan, Z., & Dong, S. B. 2024. Chromosome-scale genome assembly for soft-stem bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) confirms a clade-specific whole-genome duplication in Cyperaceae. Genome Biol. Evol. 16:evae141. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evae141

Li, Y. [Yi] [et al. 2020], Winzer, T., He, Z., & Graham, I. A. 2020. Over 100 million years of enzyme evolution underpinning the production of morphine in the Papaveraceae family of flowering plants. Plant Communic. 1:100029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100029

Li, Y. [Yong] [et al. 2013], Liu, Y.-B., & Yu, S.-S. 2013. Grayanoids from the Ericaceae family: structures, biological activities and mechanism of action. Phytochem. Reviews 12: 305-325.

Li, Y. [Yongquan] [et al. 2009], Dressler, S., Zhang, D., & Renner, S. S. 2009. More Miocene dispersal between Africa and Asia - the case of Bridelia (Phyllanthaceae). Syst. Bot. 34: 521-529.

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Li, Y. [et al. 1989], Wang, F. H., & Knox, R. B. 1989. Ultrastructural analysis of the flagellar apparatus in sperm cells of Ginkgo biloba. Protoplasma 149: 57-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623983

Li, Y.-L., & Zhang, X.-Y. 1990. Studies on comparative wood anatomy of 16 species of vines and trees in Celastraceae. Acta Bot. Sinica 32: 252-261, pl. 1-2.

Li, Y.-L. [et al. 2010], Kvacek, Z., Ferguson, D. K., Wang, Y.-F., Li, C.-S., Yang, J., Ying, T.-S., Ablaev, A. G., & Liu, H.-M. 2010. The fossil record of Berberis (Berberidaceae) from the Palaeocene of NE China and interpretations of the evolution and phytogeography of the genus. Rev. Palaebot. Palynol. 160: 10-31.

Li, Y.-N. [et al. 2014], Xie, L., Li, J.-Y., & Zhang, Z.-X. 2014. Phylogeny of Euonymus inferred from molecular and morphological data. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 149-160.

Li, Z. [Zheng], & Barker, M. S. 2019/2020. Inferring putative ancient whole genome duplications in the 1000 Plants (1KP) initiative: Access to gene family phylogenies and age distributions. bioRχiv doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/735076 = Li, Z., & Barker, M. S. 2020. Inferring putative ancient whole-genome duplications in the 1000 Plants (1KP) initiative: Access to gene family phylogenies and age distributions. GigaScience 9(2)2:giaa004. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giaa004