GENERAL LITERATURE

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z - and of course if you want to find any author who you suspect might be involved in any of the papers in this page, you can use "Control + f" (Windows) or "command + F" (Mac).

Back to Home


Articles or books by two or more authors are cited as follows. When there are two authors, citation is alphabetical after the second author's name. When there are three or more authors, references are cited in the body of the text as (e.g.) Chase et al. 2000a, 2000b, 2000c, and are listed following these sometimes alphabetically qualified dates of publication immediately after all the single- or two-authored articles by the first author.

Taaffe, G. [et al. 2001], Brown, E. A., Crayn, D. M., Gadek, P. A., & Quinn, C. J. 2001. Generic concepts in Styphelieae: Resolving the limits of Leucopogon. Australian J. Bot. 49: 107-120.

Tabor, N. J. 2013. Wastelands of tropical Pangea: High heat in the Permian. Geology 41: 623-624.

Täckholm, G. 1915. Beobachtungen über der Samenentwicklung einiger Onagraceen. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 9: 294-361.

Täckholm, G. 1920. On the cytology of the genus Rosa. A preliminary note. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 14: 301-311.

Tadesse, M., see Mesfin Tadesse.

Taggart, R. E., & Cross, A. T. 2009. Global greenhouse to icehouse and back again: The origin and future of the Boreal Forest biome. Global Planet. Change 65: 115-121.

Tago-Nakazawa, M., & Dillon, M. O. 1999. Biogeografía y evolución del clado Nolana (Nolaneae-Solanaceae). Arnaldoa 6(2): 81-116.

Taiz, L., & Zeigler, E. 2006. Plant Physiology. Ed. 4. Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.

Takacs, E. M. [et al. 2012], Li, J., Du, C., Ponnala, L., Janick-Buckner, D., Yu, J., Muehlbauer, G. J., Schnable, P. S., Timmermans, M. C., Sun, Q, Nettleton, D., & Scanlon, M. J. 2012. Ontogeny of the maize shoot apical meristem. Plant Cell 24: 3219-3234.

Takács, S. [et al. 2008], Bottomley, H., Andreller, I., Zaradnik, T., Schwarz, J., Bennett, R., Strong, W., & Gries, G. 2008. Infrared radiation from hot cones on cool conifers attracts seed-feeding insects. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 649-655.

Takahara, M. [et al. 2022/2023], Tsugawa, S., Sakamoto, S., Demura, T., & Nakata, M. T. 2022. Pulvinar slits: Cellulose-deficient and de-methyl-esterified pectin-rich structures in a legume motor cell. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.10.483846 = Takahara, M. [et al. 2023], Tsugawa, S., Sakamoto, S., Demura, T., & Nakata, M. T. 2023. Pulvinar slits: Cellulose-deficient and de-methyl-esterified pectin-rich structures in a legume motor cell. Plant Physiol. 192: 857-870. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad105

Takahashi, A., & Kato, M. 1988. Developmental anatomy of vascular cambium and periderm of Botrypus virginianus and its bearing on the systematic position of Ophioglossaceae. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 101: 373-385.

Takahashi, C. A. [et al. 2022], Neto. A. A. C., & Mercier, H. 2023 [= 2022]. An overview of water and nutrient uptake by epiphytic bromeliads: New insights into the absorbtives capacity of leaf trichomes and roots. Progr. Bot. 83: 345-362.

Takahashi, D., & Setoguchi, H. 2017. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic implications of Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) based on ITS and matK sequences. Plant Species Biol. doi: 10.1111/1442-1984.12189

Takahashi, H. 1987. Pollen morphology and its taxonomic significance of the Monotropoideae (Ericaceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 100: 385-405.

Takahashi, H. 1994. A comparative study of floral development in Trillium apetalon and T. kamtschaticum (Liliaceae). J. Plant Res. 107: 237-243.

Takahashi, H., & Scott, T. K. 1994. Gravity-regulated formation of the peg in developing cucumber seedlings. Planta 193: 580-584.

Takahashi, H., & Sohma, K. 1982. Pollen morphology of the Droseraceae and its related taxa. Sci. Reports Tohoku Univ. Ser. 4 Biol. 38: 81-156.

Takahashi, M. 1995. Development of structure-less pollen wall in Ceratophyllum demersum L. (Ceratophyllaceae). J. Plant Res. 108: 205-208.

Takahashi, M., & Kawano, S. 1989. Pollen morphology of the Melianthaceae and its systematic implications. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 863-876.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 1999], Crane, P. R., & Ando, H. 1999. Esgueiria futabensis sp. nov., a new angiosperm flower from the Upper Cretaceous (Lower Coniacian) of northeastern Honshu, Japan. Paleontol. Res. 3: 81-87.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2001], Herendeen, P. S., & Crane, P. R. 2001. Lauraceous fossil flower from the Kamikitaba locality (Lower Coniacian, Upper Cretaceous) in northeastern Japan. J. Plant Res. 114: 429-434.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2002], Crane, P. R., & Manchester, S. R. 2002. Hironoia fusiformis gen. et sp. nov.; a cornalean fruit from the Kamikitaba locality (Upper Cretaceous, Lower Coniacian) in northeastern Japan. J. Plant Res. 115: 463-473.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2008a], Friis, E. M., Herendeen, P. S., & Crane, P. R. 2008a. Fossil flowers of Fagales from the Kamikitaba locality (Early Coniacian: Late Cretaceous) of northeastern Japan. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 899-907.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2008b], Friis, E. M., Uesugi, K., Suzuki, Y., & Crane, P. R. 2008b. Floral evidence of Annonaceae from the Late Cretaceous of Japan. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 908-917.

Takahashi, N. [et al. 2009], Hashino, M., Kami, C., & Imaichi, R. 2009. Developmental morphology of strap-shaped gametophytes of Colysis decurrens: A new look at meristem devlopment and function in fern gametophytes. Ann. Bot. 104: 1353-1361.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2014], Herendeen, P. S., Xiao, X., & Crane, P. R. 2014. Lauraceous fossil flowers from the Kamikitaba Assemblage (Coniacian, Late Cretaceous) of northeastern Japan (Lauraceae). Taxon 39: 715-724.

Takahashi, M. [et al. 2017], Herendeen, P. S., & Xiao, X. 2017. Two early eudicot fossil flowers from the Kamikitaba assemblage (Coniacian, Late Cretaceous) in northeastern Japan. J. Plant Res. 130: 809-826.

Takahashi, N. [et al. 2015], Kami, C., Ota, I., Morita, N., & Imaichi, R. 2015. Developmental morphology of the typical cordate gametophyte of a homosporous leptosporangiate fern, Lygodium japonicum (Lygodiaceae), focusing on the initial cell behavior of two distinct meristems. American J. Bot. 102: 197-207.

Takaso, T. 1980. A developmental study of the integument in gymnosperms (I) Ginkgo biloba L. J. Japanese Bot 55: 14-27.

Takaso, T. 1981. A developmental study of the integument in gymnosperms (II) Pinus thunbergii Parl., Abies mariesii Mast. and A. veitchii Lindl.. J. Japanese Bot. 56: 73-89, pl. 3-4.

Takaso, T. 1985. A developmental study of the integument in gymnosperms 3. Ephedra distachya L. and E. equisetina Bge. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 34: 33-48.

Takaso, T., & Bouman, F. 1984. Ovule ontogeny and seed development in Potamogeton natans L. (Potamogetonaceae), with a note on the campylotropous ovule. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 33: 519-533.

Takaso, T., & Bouman, F. 1986. Ovule and seed ontogeny in Gnetum gnemon. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 99: 241-266.

Takaso, T., & Owens, J. N. 2008. Significance of exine shedding in Cupressaceae-type pollen. J. Plant Res. 121: 83-85.

Takaso, T., & Tobe, H. 1990. Seed coat morphology and evolution in Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 103: 25-41.

Takaso, T., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1989. Aspects of cone and ovule ontogeny in Cryptomeria (Taxodiaceae). American J. Bot. 76: 692-705.

Takaso, T., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1990. Cone and ovule ontogeny in Taxodium and Glyptostrobus (Taxodiaceae-Coniferales). American J. Bot. 77: 1209-1221.

Takaso, T., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1992. Seed cone and ovule ontogeny in Metasequoia, Sequoia and Sequoiadendron (Taxodiaceae-Coniferales). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 109: 15-37.

Takawira-Nyenya, R. [et al. 2018], Mucina, L., Cardinal-McTeague, W. M., & Thiele, K. R. 2018. Sansevieria (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) is a herbaceous clade within Dracaena: Inference from non-coding plastid and nuclear DNA sequence data. Phytotaxa 376: 254-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.6.2

Takayama, K. [et al. 2008a], Tateishi, Y., Murata, J., & Kajita, T. 2008a. Gene flow and population subdivision in a pantropical plant with sea-drifted seeds Hibiscus tiliaceus and its allied species: Evidence from microsatellite analysis. Molec. Ecol. 17: 2730-2742.

Takayama, K. [et al. 2008b], Tamura, M., Tateishi, Y., & Kajita, T. 2008b. Remarkable genetic structure of mangrove genus Rhizophora (Rhizophoraceae) in the Atlantic-East Pacific. Pp. 197-198, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Takeuchi, C. [et al. 2018], Kano, C. H., Tate, J. A., & Esteves, G. L. 2018. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Gaya and related genera (Malvoideae, Malvaceae). Syst. Bot. 43: 676-688.

Takeuchi, H., & Higashiyama, T. 2012. A species-specific cluster of Defensin-like genes encodes diffusible pollen tube attractants in Arabidopsis. PLoS Biol. 10(12):e1001449 doi:10. 1371/jopurnal.pbio.1001449

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1974. Magnoliophyta fossilia rossiae et civitatum finitimarum Volumen 1 Magnoliaceae - Eucommiaceae. Nauka, Leningrad.

Takhtajan, A. 1976. Neoteny and the origin of flowering plants. Pp. 207-219, in Beck, C. B. (ed.), Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms. Columbia University Press), New York.

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1982. Magnoliophyta fossilia rossiae et civitatum finitimarum Volumen 2 Ulmaceae - Betulaceae. Nauka, Leningrad. [See Budantsev 1994, 2005, for volumes 3 and 4.]

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1985. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 1. Liliopsida seu Monocotyledones. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1988. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 2. Dicotyledones Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1991. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 3. Dicotyledones Caryophyllidae-Dilleniidae. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 1992. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 4. Dicotyledones. Dilleniidae. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. 1997. Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants. Columbia University Press, New York.

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 2000. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 6. Dicotyledones. Rosidae II. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. 2009. Flowering Plants. Springer. [Ed. 2 of Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants.]

Takhtajan, A. (ed.). 2013. Anatomia seminum comparativa. Tomus 7 (additions). Dicotyledones. Lamiidae. NAUKA, St Petersburg. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A., & Trifonova, V. I. 1999. Fruit and seed anatomy of the genus Kaliphora (Kaliphoraceae) in relation to its taxonomic position. Bot. Zhurn. 84(4): 1-8. [In Russian.]

Takhtajan, A. [et al. 1985], Meyer, N. R., & Kosenko, V. N. 1985. Pollen morphology and classification in Rafflesiaceae s.l. Bot. Zhurn. 70: 153-162. [In Russian.]

Takos, A. M., & Rook, F. 2012. Why biosynthetic genes for chemical defense compounds cluster. Trends Plant Sci. 17: 383-388.

Takos, A. M. [et al. 2011], Knudsen, C., Lai, D., Kannangara, R., Mikkelsen, L., Motawia, M. S., Olsen, C. E., Sato, S., Tabata, S., Jørgensen, K., Møller, B. L., & Rook, F. 2011. Genomic clustering of cyanogenic glucoside biosynthetic genes aids their identification in Lotus japonicus and suggests the repeated evolution of this chemical defence pathway. Plant J. 68: 273-286.

Talbot, J. M. [et al. 2008], Allison, S. D., & Treseder, E. K. 2008. Decomposers in disguise: Mycorrhizal fungi as regulators of soil C dynamics in ecosystems under global change. Funct. Ecol. 22: 955-963.

Talent, N., & Dickinson, T. A. 2006. Apomixis and hybridization in Rosaceae subtribe Pyrinae Dumort.: A new tool promises new insights. Pp. 301-316, in Hörandl, E., Grossniklaus, U., van Dijk, P. J., & Sharbel, T. F. (eds), Apomixis: Evolution, Mechanisms and Perspectives. A. R. G. Gantner, K.G..

Talianova, M., & Janousek, B. 2011. What can we learn from tobacco and other Solanaceae about horizontal DNA transfer? American J. Bot. 98: 1231-1242.

Talip, N. [et al. 2017], Cutler, D. F., Ahmad Puad, A. S., Ismail, B. S., Ruzi, A. R., & Ahmad Juhari, A. A. 2017. Diagnostic and systematic significance of petiole anatomy in the identification of Hopea species (Dipterocarpaceae). South African J. Bot. 111: 111-125.

Tallamy, D. W. 1985. Squash beetle feeding behavior: An adaptation against induced curcurbit defenses. Ecology 66: 1574-1579.

Tallamy, D. W. [et al. 2005], Hibbard, B. E,., Clark, T. L., & Gillespie, J. J. 2004. Western corn rootworm, cucurbits and cucurbitacins. Pp. 67-93, in Vidal, S., Kuhlmann, U., & Edwards, C. R. (eds), Western Corn Rootworm, Ecology and Management. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.

Talon, M. [et al. 2020], Caruso, M., & Gmitter, F. G. Jr (eds). 2020. The Genus Citrus. Woodhead Publishing, Elsevier.

Tam, T. H. Y. [et al. 2015], Catarino, B., & Dolan, L. 2015. Conserved regulatory mechanism controls the development of cells with rooting functions in land plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: E3959-E3968. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1416324112

Tam, S.-M. [et al. 2004], Boyce, P. C., Upson, T. M., Barabé, D., Bruneau, A., Forest, F., é Parker, J. S. 2004. Intergeneric and infrafamilial phylogeny of subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae) revealed by chloroplast trnL-F sequences. American J. Bot. 91: 490-498.

Tamaio, N., & Angyalossy, V. 2009. Variação cambial em Serjania caracasana (Sapindaceae): enfoque na adequação terminoloógica. Rodriguésia 60: 651-666.

Tamaio, N. [et al. 2009], Cardoso-Vieira, R., & Angyalossy, V. 2009. Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae. Revista Brasileira Bot. 32: 839-848.

Tamaio, N. [et al. 2010], Joffily, A., Braga, J. M. A., & Rajput, K. S. 2010. Stem anatomy and pattern of secondary growth in some herbaceous vine species of Menispermaceae. J. Torrey Bot. Club 137: 157-165.

Tamayo, M. N., & Fritsch, P. W. (2022). Vaccinium paradoxum (Vaccinieae, Ericaceae), an unusual new species from sea cliffs on ultrabasic forest of Luzon Island, Philippines. Taiwania 67: 408-412.

Tamayo-Cen, I. [et al. 2022], Torke, B. M., López Contreras, J. E., Carnevali Fernández-Concha, G., Ramírez Morillo, I., Can Itza, L. L., & Duno de Stefano, R. 2022. Revisiting the phylogeny and taxonomy of the Pithecellobium clade (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with new generic circumscriptions. In: Hughes, C. E., de Queiroz, L. P., & Lewis, G. P. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 279–298. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.82728

Tamboli, A. S. [et al. 2017], Yadav, P. B., Gothe, A. A., Yadav, S. R., & Govindar, S. P. 2018 [= 2017]. Nolecular phylogeny and genetic diversity of genus Capparis (Capparaceae) based on plastid DNA sequences and ISSR markers. Plant Syst. Evol. 304: 205-217.

Tamme, R. [et al. 2014], Götzenberger, L., Zobel, M., Bullock, J. M., Hooftman, D. A. P., Kaasik, A., & Pärtel, M. 2014. Predicting species' maximum dispersal distances from simple plant traits. Ecology 95: 505-513.

Tamura, M. 1962. Petiolar anatomy in the Ranunculaceae. Sci. Reports Osaka Univ. 11: 19–47.

Tamura, M. 1965. Morphology, ecology and phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae IV. (Ranunculaceae of Eastern Asia: General Part IV). Sci. Reports Osaka Univ. 14(1): 53-71.

Tamura, M. 1972. Morphology and phyletic relationships of the Glaucidiaceae. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 85: 29-41.

Tamura, M. 1982. Relationships of Barclaya and classification of Nymphaeales. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 23: 336-345. [In Japanese.]

Tamura, M. 1993. Ranunculaceae. Pp. 563-583, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Tamura, M. 1995a. General part. Pp. 1-105, in Hiepko, P. (ed.), Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen ... Band 17 a IV. Angiospermae: Ordnung Ranunculales. Fam. Ranunculaceae. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin.

Tamura, M. 1995b. Systematic part. Pp. 223-519, in Hiepko, P. (ed.), Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen ... Band 17 a IV. Angiospermae: Ordnung Ranunculales. Fam. Ranunculaceae. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin.

Tamura, M., & Mizumoto, Y. 1972. Stages of embryo development in ripe seeds or achenes of the Ranunculaceae. J. Japanese Bot. 47: 225-237.

Tamura, M. N. 1998. Calochortaceae, pp. 164-172, Liliaceae, pp. 343-353, Melanthiaceae, pp. 369-380, Nartheciaceae, pp. 381-391, and Trilliaceae, pp. 444-451, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. III. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Tamura, M. N. 2006. Paeoniaceae. Pp. 265-269, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Tamura, M. N. [et al. 2004a], Yamashita, J., Fuse, S., & Haraguchi, M. 2004a. Molecular phylogeny of monocotyledons inferred from combined analysis of plastid matK and rbcL gene sequences. J. Plant Res. 117: 109-120.

Tamura, M. N. [et al. 2004b], Fuse, S., Azuma, H., & Hasebe, M. 2004b. Biosystematic studies in the family Tofieldiaceae I. Phylogeny and circumscription of the family inferred from DNA sequences of matK and rbcL. Plant Biol. 6: 562-567.

Tamura, M. N. [et al. 2011], Yamashita, J., & Fuse, S. 2011. Another candidate for the sister group of the monocotyledons. P. 676, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Tan, C.-W. [et al. 2018], Peiffer, M., Hoover, K., Rosa, C., Acevedo, F. E., & Felwon, G. W. 2018. Symbiotic polydnavirus of a parasite manipulates caterpillar and plant immunity. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 115: 5199-5204.

Tan, F. [et al. 2002], Shi, S., Zhong, Y., Gong, X., & Wang, Y. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of Combretoideae (Combretaceae) inferred from plastid, nuclear gene and spacer sequences. J. Plant. Res. 115: 475-481.

Tan, H. T. W., & Rao, A. N. 1988. Sporogenesis and gametogenesis in Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Gaertn. f. (Rubiaceae). Flora 180: 413-416.

Tan, K. H. 2008. Fruit fly pests as pollinators of wild orchids. Pp. 195-206, in Sugayama, R. L., Zucchi, R. A., Ovruski, S. M., & Sivinski, J. (eds), Fruit Flies of Economic Importance: From Basic to Applied Knowledge. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Fruit Flies of Economic Importance, 10-15 Sept. 2006, Salvador, Brazil.

Tan, M. A., & Takayama, H. 2019. Recent progress in the chemistry of Pandanus alkaloids. Alkaloids Chem. Biochem. 82: 1-28.

Tan, R. X., & Zou, W. X. 2001. Endophytes: A rich source of functional metabolites. Natural Prod. Rep. 18: 448-459.

Tan, S. [et al. 2020], Hollands, R., Pavlíková, M., Fér, T., & Newman, M. F. 2020. A revision of Gagnepainia and Hemiorchis (Globbeae: Zingiberaceae). Edinburgh J. Bot. 77: 455-490.

Tanaka, A. [et al. 2005], Tapper, B. A., Popay, A., Parker, E. J., & Scott, B. 2005. A symbiosis expressed non-ribosomal peptide synthetase from a mutualistic fungal endophyte of perennial ryegrass confers protection to the symbiotum from insect herbivory. Molec. Microbiol. 57: 1036-1050.

Tanaka, B. M. M. [et al. 2016], Pinto, D. D., & Mourão, K. S. M. 2016. Seed ontogeny of Serjania communis and Urvillea ulmacea and its relationship to transitional characters in Paullinieae (Sapindoideae, Sapindaceae). Brazilian J. Bot. 39: 885-894.

Tanaka, K. 2023. Extension of the primary dispersal distance through peduncle laying and elongation promotes myrmecochory in Japanese sedges. Plant Species Biol. 38: 192-203.

Tanaka, N. [Nobuyuki] 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa, N.S. 1: 1-74.

Tanaka, N. [et al. 2009], Uchiyama, H., Matoba, H., & Koyama, T. 2009. Karyological analysis of the genus Canna. Plant Syst. Evol. 280: 45-51.

Tanaka, N. [Norio] [et al. 1997], Setoguchi, H., & Murata, J. 1997. Phylogeny of the family Hydrocharitaceae inferred from rbcL and matK gene sequence data. J. Plant Res. 110: 329-337.

Tanaka, N. [et al. 2004], Uehara, K., & Murata, J. 2004. Correlation between pollen morphology and pollination mechanisms in the Hydrocharitaceae. J. Plant Res. 117: 265-276.

Tanaka, N. [et al. 2013], Uehara, K., & Murata, J. 2013. Evolution of floral traits in relation to pollination mechanisms in Hydrocharitaceae. Pp. 165-184, in Wilkin, P., & Mayo, S. J. (eds), Early Events in Monocot Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 83.]

Tanaka, N. [Noriyuki], & Tanaka, N. 1977. Chromosome studies in Chionographis (Liliaceae) I. On the holokinetic nature of chromosomes in Chionographis japonica Maxim.. Cytologia 42: 753-763.

Tanaka, N. 2018. Taxonomic revision of Peliosanthes bakeri and P. violacea (Asparagaceae), with descriptions of two new species from Bangladesh and India. Phytotaxa 356: 34-48.

Tanaka, N. 2019. Taxonomy, evolution and phylogeography of the genus Helonias (Melanthiaceae) revisited. Phytotaxa 390: 1-84.

Tanaka, R. [et al. 1988], Oginuma, K., & Toto, S. 1988. Karyomorphological studies on 26 species of ten genera of the Onagraceae. La Kromosomo II, 51-52: 1675-1695.

Tanaka, Y. [et al. 2008], Sasaki, N., & Ohmiya, A. 2008. Biosynthesis of plant pigments: Anthocyanins, betalains and carotenoids. Plant J. 54: 733-749.

Tanaomi, N. [et al. 2016], Jonoubi, P., Rad, A. C., Majd, A., & Ranjbar, M. 2016. Embryology of Onobrychis persica Sirj. and Rech. f. (Fabaceae) and its systematic implications. Caryologia 69: 256-266.

Tandon, S. R., & Herr, J. M., Jr. 1971. Embryological features of taxonomic significance in the genus Nyssa. Canadian J. Bot. 49: 505-514, pl. 1.

Tanentzap, A. J. [et al. 2014], Vicari, M., & Bazelly, D. R. 2014. Ungulate saliva inhibits a grass-endophyte mutualism. Biol. Lett. 10:20140460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0460

Tang, A. M. C. [et al. 2007], Shekoy, B. D., & Hyde, K. D. 2007. Fungal diversity. Pp. 227-249, in Hodkinson, T. R., & Parnell. J. A. N. (eds), Reconstructing the Tree of Life: Taxonomy and Systematics of Species Rich Taxa. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FLA. [Systematics Association Special Volume Series 72.]

Tang, C. C. [et al. 2015], Thomas, D. C., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2015. Molecular phylogenetics of the species-rich angiosperm genus Goniothalamus (Annonaceae) inferred from nine chloroplast DNA regions: Synapomorphies and putative correlated evolutionary changes in fruit and seed morphology. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 92: 124-139.

Tang, C. Q. [et al. 2012], Yang Y., Ohsawa M., Yi S.-R., Momohara A., Su W-H., Wang H.-C., Zhang Z.-Y., Peng M.-C., & Wu Z.-L. 2012. Evidence for the persistence of wild Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) populations in the Dalou Mountains, southwestern China. American J. Bot. 99: 1408-1414.

Tang, C. Q. [et al. 2016], Orme, C. D. L., Bunnefeld, L., Jones, F. A., Powell, S., Chase, M. W., Barraclough, T. G., & Savolainen, V. 2017 [= 2016]. Global monocot diversification: Geography explains variation in species richness better than environment or biology. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 182: 1-15.

Tang, H. [et al. 2008a], Bowers, J. E., Wang, X., Ming, R., Alam, M., & Paterson, A. H. 2008a. Synteny and collinearity in plant genomes. Science 320: 486-488.

Tang, H. [et al. 2008b], Wang, X., Bowers, J. E., Ming, R., Alam, M., & Paterson, A. H. 2008b. Unraveling ancient hexaploidy through multiply-aligned angiosperm gene maps. Genome Res. 18: 1944-1954.

Tang, H. [et al. 2010], Bowers, J. E., Wang, X., & Paterson, A. H. 2010. Angiosperm genome comparisons reveal early polyploidy in the monocot lineage. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 107: 472-477.

Tang, I. Y. Y. [et al. 2021], Odang, K. B., & Cheung, C. Y. M. 2021. Metabolic modeling of the C3-CAM continuum revealed the establishment of a starch/sugar-malate cycle in CAM evolution. Front. Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.573197

Tang, J. [et al. 2014], Zhang, F., Cui, W., & Ma, J. 2014. Genetic structure of duckweed population of Spirodela, Landoltia and Lemna from Lake Tai, China. Planta 239: 1299-1307.

Tang, J.-Y. [et al. 2022], Wei, R., Zhang, X.-C., & Xiang, Q.-P. 2023 [= 2022]. Mitogenome-based phylogenomics provides insights into the positions of the enigmatic sinensis group and the sanguinolenta group in Selaginellaceae (Lycophyte). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 179:107673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107673

Tang, K. K. [et al. 2022], Smith, S. Y., & Atkinson, B. A. 2022. Extending beyond Gondwana: Cretaceous Cunoniaceae from western North America. New Phytol. 234: 704-718.

Tang, L. [et al. 2010], Zou, X.-H., Achoundong, G., Potgieter, C., Second, G., Zhang, D.-Y., & Ge, S. 2010. Phylogeny and biogeography of the rice tribe (Oryzeae): Evidence from combined analysis of 20 chloroplast fragments. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 54: 266-277.

Tang, L. [et al. 2015], Zou, X.-h., Zhang, L.-b., & Ge, S. 2015. Multilocus species tree analyses resolve the ancient radiation of the subtribe Zizaniinae (Poaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 84: 232-239.

Tang, L.-L., & Huang, S.-Q. 2007. Evidence for reductions in floral attractants with increased selfing rates in two heterandrous species. New Phytol. 175: 588-595.

Tang, M., & Capela, D. 2020. Rhizobium diversity in the light of evolution. Pp. 251-288, in Frendo, P. [et al. 2020], Frugier, F., & Masson-Boivin, C. (eds), Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Symbioses in Legumes. Academic Press, London. [Adv. Bot. Res. Vol. 94.]

Tang, M.-S. [et al. 2009], Yang, Y.-P., & Sheue, C.-R. 2009. Comparative morphology of the leaves of Daphniphyllum (Daphniphyllaceae). Blumea 54: 63-68.

Tang, P. [et al. 2019], Xu, Q., Shen, R., & Yao, X. 2019. Phylogenetic relationship in Actinidia (Actinidiaceae) based on four noncoding chloroplast DNA sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 305: 787-796.

Tang, W. 1987. Heat production in cycad cones. Bot. Gaz. 148: 165-174.

Tang, Y. 1994. Embryology of Plagiopteron suaveolens (Plagiopteraceae) and its systematic implications. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 116: 145-157.

Tang, Y. 1998. Floral morphology and embryo sac development in Burretiodendron kydiifolium Y. C. Hsu et R. Zhuge (Tiliaceae) and their systematic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 128: 149-158.

Tang, Y. [et al. 2005a], Xie, J.-S., & Gao, H. 2005a. A study of wood anatomy in Burretiodendron and Excentrodendron and its systematic implications. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 27: 235-246. [In Chinese.]

Tang, Y. [et al. 2005b], Xie, J.-S., Gao, H., & Sun, H. 2005b. Tile cells: Their occurence and systematic implications in Malvaceae s.l. Guihaia 25: 441-446. [In Chinese.]

Tang, Y. [et al. 2006], Gao, H., Wang, C.-M., & Chen, J.-Z. 2006. Microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of Excentrodendron hsienmu (Malvaceae s.l.) and their systematic implications. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 150: 447-457.

Tang, Y. [et al. 2009], Gao, H., & Xie, J.-S. 2009. An embryological study of Eriolaena candollei Wallich (Malvaceae) and its systematic implications. Flora 204: 569-580.

Tang, Y. [et al. 2015], Yukawa, T., Bateman, R. M., Jiang, H., & Peng, H. 2015. Phylogeny and classification of the East Asian Amitostigma alliance (Orchidaceae: Orchideae) based on six DNA markers. BMC Evol. Biol. 15:96. doi 10.1186/s12862-015-0376-3

Tang, Y.-J. [et al. 2005], Xie, Z.-Y., Liao, J.-P., & Wu, Q.-G. 2005. Anatomy and histochemistry of the seeds in ginger families of Zingiberales and their systematic significance. Acta Bot. Bor.-Occid. Sinica 25: 343-354. [In Chinese.]

Tange, C. 1998a. Silvianthus (Carlemanniaceae) a genus and family new to Thailand. Thai Forest Bull. 26: 59-65.

Tange, C. 1998b. Cyanoneuron (Rubiaceae), a new genus from Borneo and Sulawesi. Nordic J. Bot. 18: 147-158.

Tanimoto, H. [et al. 2024], Umekawa, Y., Takahashi, H., Goto, K., & Ito, K. 2024. Gene expression and metabolite levels converge in the thermogenic spadix of skunk cabbage. Plant Physiol. 195: 1561-1585. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae059

Tank D. C., & Donoghue M. J. 2010. Phylogeny and phylogenetic nomenclature of the Campanulidae based on an expanded sample of genes and taxa. Syst. Bot. 35: 425-441.

Tank, D. C., & Olmstead, R. G. 2008. From annuals to perennials: Phylogeny of subtribe Castillejinae (Orobanchaceae). American J. Bot. 95: 608-625.

Tank, D. C., & Olmstead, R. G. 2009. The evolutionary origin of a second radiation of annual Castilleja (Orobanchaceae) species in South America: The role of long distance dispersal and allopolyploidy. American J. Bot. 96: 1907-1921.

Tank, D. C. [et al. 2006], Beardsley, P. M., Kelchner, S. A., & Olmstead, R. G. 2006. Review of the systematics of Scrophulariaceae s.l. and their current disposition. Australian Syst. Bot. 19: 289-307.

Tank, D. C. [et al. 2007], Winkworth, R. C., Lundberg, J., & Donoghue, M. J. 2007. An update on campanulid phylogeny. Pp. 232, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Tank, D. C. [et al. 2009], Egger, J. M., & Olmstead, R. G. 2009. Phylogenetic classification of subtribe Castillejinae (Orobanchaceae). Syst. Bot. 34: 182-197.

Tank, D. C. [et al. 2015], Eastman, J. M., Pennell, M. W., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., Hinchliff, C. E., Brown, J. W., Sessa, E. B., & Harmon, L. J. 2015. Nested radiations and the pulse of angiosperm diversification: Increased diversification rates often follow whole genome duplications. New Phytol. 207: 454-467. doi: 10.1111/nph.13491

Tantawy, M. E. [et al. 2021], Husein, M. I., Mourad, M. M., & Abdel-Hameed, U. K. 2021. Comparative floral anatomy of some species of Brassicaceae and its taxonomic significance. Adansonia Sér. 3, 43 (20): 223-234.

Tao, X. [et al. 2019], Wen, M., Li, R., Vachula, R. S., Pang, L., Li, C., Yang, K., & Jiang, N. 2020 [= 2019]. Phytolith sizes and assemblages differentiate genera and ecotypes of woody bamboos in subtropical Southwest China. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 272:104129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2019.104129

Tao, Z.-B. [et al. 2018], Wortley, A. H., Lu, L., Li, D.-Z., Wang, H., & Blackmore, S. 2018. Evolution of angiosperm pollen. 6. The Celastrales, Oxalidales, and Malpighiales (COM) clade and Zygophyllales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103: 393-442.

Tapia, H. J. [et al. 2017], Bárcenas-Argüello, Terrazas, T., & Arias, S. 2017. Phylogeny and circumscription of Cephalocereus based on molecular and morphological evidence. Syst. Bot. 42: 709-723.

Tappert, R. [et al. 2011], Wolfe, A. P. McKellar, R. C., Tappert, M. C., & Muehlenbachs, K. 2011. Characterizing modern and fossil gymnosperm exudates using micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 172: 120-138.

Tarachai, Y. [et al. 2008], Compton, S. G., & Trisonthi, G. 2008. The benefits of pollination for a fig wasp. Symbiosis 45: 29-32.

Tarasevich, V. F. 2014. Peculiarities of pollen morphology in Dicentra and Dactylicapnos (Fumariaceae) and their relationships. Bot. Zhurn. 99: 384-401, pl. 2-8. [In Russian.]

Tarasevich, V. F. 2019. Sructure of pollen grains of the some species of genus Tacca (Taccaceae) and closely related genera. Bot. Zhurn. 104: 269-292. [In Russian.]

Tarasov, S. 2018/2019. The invariant nature of a morphological character and character state: Insight from gene regulatory networks. bioRχiv https://doi.org/10.1101/420471 = Tarasov, S. 2020 [= 2019]. The invariant nature of a morphological character and character state: Insight from gene regulatory networks. Syst. Biol. 69: 392-400.

Tarduno, J. A. [et al. 2009], Bunge,, H.-P., Sleep, N., & Hansen, U. 2009. The bent Hawaiian-Emperor hotspot track: Inheriting the mantle wind. Science 324: 50-53.

Tarieiev, A. S. [et al. 2021], Gaialing, O., & Krutovsky. K. V. 2021. ITS secondary structure reconstruction to resolve taxonomy and phylogeny of the Betula L. genus. PeerJ 9:e10889. http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10889

Tarnocai, C. [et al. 2009], Canadell, J. G., Schuur, E. A. G., Kuhry, P., Mazhitova, G., & Zimov, S. 2009. Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 23: GB2023. 11 p. DOI: 10.1029/2008GB003327

Tarran, M. [et al. 2016], Wilson, P. G., & Hill, R. S. 2016. Oldest record of Metrosideros (Myrtaceae): Fossil flowers, fruits, and leaves from Australia. American J. Bot. 103: 754-768. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1500469.

Tarran, M. [et al. 2017], Wilson, P. G., Macphail, M. K., Jordan, G. J., & Hill, R. S. 2017. Two fossil species of Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) from the Oligo-Miocene Golden Fleece locality in Tasmania, Australia. American J. Bot. 104: 891-904.

Tarran, M. [et al. 2018], Wilson, P. G., Paul, R., Biffin, E., & Hill, R. S. 2018. Identifying fossil Myrtaceae leaves: The first described fossils of Syzygium from Australia. American J. Bot. 105: 1748-1759.

Tarquinio, F. [et al. 2018], Bourgoure, J., Koenders, A., Laverock, B., Säwströ, C., & Hyndes, G. A. 2018. Microorganisms facilitate uptake of dissolved organic nitrogen by seagrass leaves. ISME J. 12: 2796-2800. https://doi.org:10.1038/s41396-018-0218-6

Tarutani, Y. [et al. 2010], Shiba, H., Iwano, M., Kakizaki, T., Suzuki, G., Watanabe, M., Isogai, A., & Takayama, S. 2010. Trans-acting small RNA determines dominance relationships in Brassica self-incompatibility. Nature 466: 983-986.

Tarver, J. E., & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2011. The trouble with topology: Phylogenies without fossils provide a revisionist perspective of evolutionary history in topological analyses of diversity. Syst. Biol. 60: 700-712.

Taskova, R. M. [et al. 2004], Albach, D. C., & Grayer, R. J. 2004. Phylogeny of Veronica - a combination of molecular and chemical evidence. Plant Biol. 6: 673-682.

Taskova, R. M. [et al. 2006], Gotfredsen, C. H., & Jensen, S. R. 2006. Chemotaxonomy of Veroniceae and its allies in the Plantaginaceae. Phytochem. 67: 286-301.

Taskova, R. M. [et al. 2012], Kokubun, T., Garnock-Jones, P. J., & Jensen, S. R. 2012. Iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides in the New Zealand sun hebes (Veronica; Plantaginaceae). Phytochem. 77: 209-217.

Tatarenko, I. V. 2007. Ecology and structure - growth habits of temperate terrestrial orchids. Pp. 91-161, in Cameron, K. M., Arditti, J. A., & Kull, T. (eds), Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perpectives, IX. New York Botanic Gardens, New York.

Tate, J. A. [et al. 2005], Aguilar, J. F., Wagstaff, S. J., La Duke, J. C., Slotta, T. A. B., & Simpson, B. B. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Malveae (Malvaceae, subfamily Malvoideae) as inferred from ITS sequence data. American J. Bot. 92: 584-602.

Tate, J. A. [et al. 2009], Acosta, M. C., McDill, J., Moscone, E. A., Simpson, B. B., & Cocucci, A. E. 2009. Phylogeny and character evolution in Nierembergia (Solanaceae): Molecular, morphological, and cytogenetic evidence. Syst. Bot. 34: 198-206.

Tatsuno, A., & Scogin, R. 1978. Biochemical profile of Crossosomataceae. Aliso 9: 185-188.

Tavares, R. [et al. 2010], Cagnon, M., Negrutiu, I., & Mouchiroud, D. 2010. Testing the recent theories for the origin of the hermaphrodite flower by comparison of the transcriptomes of gymnosperms and angiosperms. BMC Evol. Biol. 10:240. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-240

Tay, I. Y. Y. [et al. 2021], Odang, K. B., & Cheung, C. Y. M. 2020 [= 2021]. Metabolic modeling of the C3-CAM continuum reveal the establishment of a starch/sugar-malate cycle in CAM evolution. Front. Plant Sci. 11:573197. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.573197

Tay, J. Y. L. [et al. 2023], Zotz, G., & Einzmann, H. J. R. 2023. Smoothing out the misconceptions of the role of bark roughness in vascular epiphyte attachment. New Phytol. 238: 983-994.

Tay, M. L. [et al. 2010], Meudt, H. M., Garnock-Jones, P. J., & Ritchie, P. A. 2010. DNA sequences from three genomes reveal multiple long-distance dispersals and non-monophyly of sections of Australasian Plantago (Plantaginaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 23: 47-68.

Taylor, A., & Qiu, Y.-L. 2016. Evolutionary history of genes recruited for nodulation. P. 377, in Botany 2016. Celebrating our History, Conserving our Future. Savannah, Georgia. [Abstracts.]

Taylor, B. N., & Komatsu, K. J. 2024. More diverse rhizobial communities can lead to higher symbiotic nitrogen fixation rates, even in nitrogen-rich soils. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 291:20240765. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.0765

Taylor, B. N. [et al. 2017], Chazdon, R. L., Bachelot, B., & Menge, D. N. L. 2017. Nitrogen-fixing trees inhabit growth of regenerating Costa Rican rainforests. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114: 8817-8822.

Taylor, B. N. [et al. 2019], Chazdon, R. L., & Menge, D. N. L. 2019. Successional dynamics of nitrogen fixation and forest growth in regenerating Costa Rican rainforests. Ecology 100:e02637.

Taylor, B. R. [et al. 1989], Parkinson, D., & Parsons, W. F. J. 1989. Nitrogen and lignin content as predictors of litter decay rates: A microcosm test. Ecology 70: 97-104. https://doi.org/10.2307/1938416

Taylor, C. M. 2017. Rubiacearum americanarum magna hama pars XXXVI: New species and taxonomic changes in Palicourea (Palicoureeae). Novon 25: 238-258.

Taylor, C. M. [et al. 2005], Gereau, R. E., & Walters, G. M. 2005. Revision of Ancistrocladus Wall. (Ancistrocladaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 92: 360-399.

Taylor, C. M. [et al. 2017], Razafimandimbison, S. G., Barrabé, L., Jardim, J. G., & Barbosa, M. R. V. 2017. Eumachia expanded, a pantropical genus distinct from Psychotria (Rubiaceae, Palicoureeae). Candollea 72: 289-318.

Taylor, D. L., & Bruns, T. D. 1999. Population, habitat and genetic correlates of mycorrhizal specialization in the 'cheating' orchids Corallorhiza maculata and C. mertensiana. Molec. Ecol. 8: 1719-1732.

Taylor, D. L. [et al. 2002], Bruns, T. D., Leake, J. R., & Read, D. J. 2002. Mycorrhizal specificity and function in myco-heterotrophic plants. Pp. 375-413, in van der Hejden, M. G. A., & Sanders, I. R. (eds), Mycorrhizal Ecology. Springer, Berlin.

Taylor, D. L. [et al. 2013], Hollingsworth, T. N., McFarland, J., Lennon, N. J., Nusbaum, C., & Ruess, R. W. 2014 [= 2013]. A first comprehensive census of fungi in soil reveals both hyperdiversity and fine-scale niche partitioning. Ecol. Monogr. 84: 3-20.

Taylor, D. W. 1991. Angiosperm ovules and carpels: Their characters and polarities, distribution in basal clades, and structural evolution. Postilla 180: 1-40.

Taylor, D. W. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae based on vegetative and leaf architectural charaters. Taxon 57: 1082-1095.

Taylor, D. W. 2010. Implications of fossil floral data on understanding the early evolution of molecular developmental control of flowers. Pp. 118-169, in Gee, C. T. (ed.), Plants in Mesozoic Time: Morphological Innovations, Phylogeny, Ecosystems. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.

Taylor, D. W., & Crepet, W. L. 1987. Fossil floral evidence of Malpighiaceae and an early plant-pollinator relationship. American J. Bot. 74: 274-286.

Taylor, D. W., & Gee, C. T. 2014. Phylogenetic analysis of fossil water lilies based on leaf architecture and vegetative characters: Testing phylogenetic hypotheses from molecular studies. Bull. Peabody Mus. Natural Hist. 55: 89-110.

Taylor, D. W., & Hickey, L. J. 1992. Phylogenetic evidence for the herbaceous origin of angiosperms. Plant Syst. Evol. 180: 137-156.

Taylor, D. W., & Hickey, L. J. (eds) 1995. Flowering Plant Origin, Evolution and Phylogeny. Chapman & Hall, New York.

Taylor, D. W., & Kirchner, G. 1995. The origin and evolution of the angiosperm carpel. Pp. 116-140, in Taylor, D. W., & Hickey, L. J. (eds), Flowering Plant Origin, Evolution and Phylogeny. Chapman & Hall, New York.

Taylor, D. W., & Li, H. 2018. Did flowering plants exist in the Jurassic period? eLIFE 7:e43421. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43421

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 1994], del Fueyo, G. M., & Taylor, T. E. L. 1994. Permineralized seed fern cupules from the Triassic of Antarctica: Implications for cupule and carpel evolution. American J. Bot. 81: 666-677.

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 2001], Brenner, G. J., Basha, S. H., & Al-Hammad, A. H. 2001. Lower Cretaceous evidence for the Cabombaceae water lily lineage and implications for molecular divergence in ancient monophyletic clades. P. 145, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 2006], Li, H., Dahl, J., Fago, F. J., Zinniker, D., & Moldowan, J. M. 2006. Biogeochemical evidence for the presence of the angiosperm molecular fossil oleanane in Paleozoic and Mesozoic non-angiospermous fossils. Paleobiol. 32: 179-190.

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 2008], Brenner, G. J., & Basha, S. H. 2008. Scutifolium jordanicum gen. et sp. nov. (Cabombaceae), an aquatic fossil plant from the Lower Cretaceous of Jordan, and the relationships of related leaf fossils to living genera. American J. Bot. 95: 340-352.

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 2010], Zinniker, D., McCorkle, E., Hu, S., Barbanti, S. M., & Moldowan, J. M. 2010. Tracking angiosperm molecular fossils: New results from analysis of basal living clades. P. 73, in Botany 2010. July 31 - August 4, Providence, Rhode Island. Scientific Abstracts.

Taylor, D. W. [et al. 2012], Hu, S., & Tiffney, B. H. 2012. Fossil floral and fruit evidence for the evolution of unusual developmental characters in Fagales. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 168: 353-376.

Taylor, E. L., & Taylor, T. N. 2009. Seed ferns from the late Paleozoic and Mesozoic: Any angiosperm ancestors lurking there? American J. Bot. 96: 237-251.

Taylor, E. L. [et al. 2006], Taylor, T. N., Kerp, H., & Hermsen, E. J. 2006. Mesozoic seed ferns: Old paradigms, new discoveries. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 133: 62-82.

Taylor, G. S. [et al. 2005], Head, E. R., & Davies, K. A. 2005. Gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) on Myrtaceae: A mutualistic association between flies and nematodes. Pp. 643-671, in Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W., & Withers, T. M. (eds), Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. Science Publishers, Enfield, N.H.

Taylor, L. L. [et al. 2009], Leake, J. R., Quirk, J., Hardy, K., Banwart, S. A., & Beerling, D. J. 2009. Biological weathering and the long-term carbon cycle: Integrating mycorrhizal evolution and function into the current paradigm. Geobiol. 7: 171-191.

Taylor, L. L. [et al. 2011], Banwart, S. A., Leake, J. R., & Beerling, D. J. 2011. Modeling the evolutionary rise of the ectomycorrhiza on subsurface weathering environments and the geochemical carbon cycle. American J. Sci. 311: 368-403.

Taylor, L. L. [et al. 2012], Banwart, S. A., Valdes, J. R., Leake, J. R., & Beerling, D. J. 2012. Evaluating the effects of the co-evolution of terrestrial ecosystems, climate and CO2 on continental weathering over geological time: A global-scale process-based approach. Phil Trans. Royal Soc. B, 367: 565-582.

Taylor, M. L., & Osborn, J. M. 2006. Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales). American J. Bot. 93: 344-356.

Taylor, M. L., & Williams, J. H. 2009. Consequences of pollination syndrome evolution for postpollination biology in an ancient angiosperm family. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 170: 584-598.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2008], Gutman, B. L., Melrose, N. A., Ingraham, A. M., Schwartz, J. A., & Osborn, J. M. 2008. Pollen and anther ontogeny in Cabomba caroliniana (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales). American J. Bot. 95: 399-413.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2010], Macfarlane, T. D., & Williams, J. H. 2010. Reproductive ecology of the basal angiosperm Trithuria submersa (Hydatellaceae). Ann. Bot. 106: 909-920.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2012], Hudson, P. J., Rigg, J. M., Strandquist, J. N., Schwartz Green, J. A., Thiemann, T. C., & Osborn, J. M. 2012. Tapetum structure and ontogeny in Victoria (Nymphaeaceae). Grana 51: 107-118.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2013], Hudson, P. J., Rigg, J. M., Strandquist, J. N., Schwartz Green, J. A., Thiemann, T. C., & Osborn, J. M. 2013. Pollen ontogeny in Victoria (Nymphaeales). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 174: 1259-1276.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2014], Cooper, R. L., Schneider, E. L., & Osborn, J. M. 2014. Pollen structure and development in Nymphaeales (water lilies): Insights into character evolution in an ancient angiosperm lineage. P. 71, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2015], Cooper, R. L., Schneider, E. L., & Osborn, J. M. 2015. Pollen structure and development in Nymphaeales: Insights into character evolution in an ancient angiosperm lineage. American J. Bot. 102: 1685-1702. doi:10.3732/ajb.1500249

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2018], Altrichter, K. M., & Aeilts, L. 2018. Pollen ontogeny in Ruppia (Alismatidae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 179: 217-230.

Taylor, M. L. [et al. 2020], Giffei, B. L., Dang, C. L., Wilden, A. E., Altrichter, K. M., Baker, E. C., Nguyen, R., & Oki, D. S. 2020. Reproductive ecology and postpollination development in the hydrophilous monocot Ruppia maritima. American J. Bot. 107: 689-699.

Taylor, N. 2005. 526. Maihuenia poeppigii. Cactaceae. Curtis's Bot. Mag. 22: 105-108.

Taylor, N. P. [et al. 2023], Zappi, D. C., Romeiro-Brito, M., Telhe, M. C., Franco, F. F., & Moraes, E. M. 2024 [= 2023]. A phylogeny of Cereus (Cactaceae) and the placement and description of two new species. Taxon 72: 1321-1333. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13103

Taylor, P. 1989. The Genus Utricularia - a Taxonomic Monograph. Kew Bulletin Additional Series 14, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Taylor, P. [et al. 2000], Souza, V. C., Giulietti, A. M., & Harley, R. M. 2000. Philcoxia: A new genus of Scrophulariaceae with three new aspecies from eastern Brazil. Kew Bull. 55: 155-163.

Taylor, P. E. [et al. 2006], Card, G., House, J., Dickinson, M. H., & Flagan, R. C. 2006. High-speed pollen release in the white mulberry, Morus alba L. Sex. Plant Reprod. 19: 19-24.

Taylor, S. H. [et al. 2010], Hulme, S. P., Rees, M., Ripley, B. S., Woodward, F. I., & Osborne, C. P. 2010. Ecophysiological traits in C3 and C4 grasses: A phylogenetically controlled screening experiment. New Phytol. 185: 780-791.

Taylor, S. H. [et al. 2011], Franks, P. J., Hulme, S. P., Spriggs, E., Christin, P. A., Edwards, E. J., Woodward, F. I., & Osborne, C. P. 2012 [= 2011]. Photosynthetic pathway and ecological adaptation explain stomatal trait diversity amongst grasses. New Phytol. 193: 387-396. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03935.x

Taylor, S. H. [et al. 2014], Ripley, B. S., Martin, T., De-Wet. L.-A., Woodward, I. F., Osborne, C. P. 2014. Physiological advantages of C4 grasses in the field: A comparative experiment demonstrating the importance of drought. Global Change Biol. 20: 1992-2003.

Taylor, T. N., & Levin, D. A. 1975. Pollen morphology of Polemoniaceae in relation to systematics and pollination systems: Scanning electron microscopy. Grana 15: 91-112.

Taylor, T. N., & Taylor, E. L. 1993. The biology and evolution of fossil plants. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

Taylor, T. N. [et al. 2004], Klavins, S. D., Krings, M., Taylor, E. L., Kerp, H., & Hass, H. 2004. Fungi from the Rhynie chert: A view from the dark side. Trans. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, Earth Environ. Sci. 94: 457-473. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S026359330000081X

Taylor, T. N. [et al. 2005], Kerp, H., & Hass, H. 2005. Life history biology of early land plants: Deciphering the gametophyte phase. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 102: 5892-5897.

Taylor, T. N. [et al. 2008], Taylor, E. L., & Krings, M. 2008. Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. Ed. 2. Academic Press, London.

Taylor B., A. S. 1967. The Comparative Morphology and Phylogeny of the Lardizabalaceae. Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Botany, Indiana University.

Taylor B., A. S. [et al. 2012], Haynes, J. L., Stevenson, D. W.,, Holzman, G., & Mendieta, J. 2012. Biogeographic insights in Central American cycad biology. Pp. 73-98, in Stevens, L. (ed.), Global Advances in Biogeography. Intech, Rijeka, Croatia.

Tebbitt, M. C. 2005. Begonias: Cultivation, Identification, and Natural History. Portland (Oregon), Timber Press.

Tebbitt, M. C., & MacIver, C. M. 1999. The systematic significance of the endothecium in Begoniaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 131: 203-221.

Tebbitt, M. C. [et al. 2008], Lidén, M., & Zetterlund, H. 2008. Bleeding Hearts, Corydalis, and Their Relatives. Timber Press, Portland, Ore.

Tebbitt, M. C. [et al. 2006], Lowe-Forrest, L., Santoriella, A., Clement, W. L., & Swensen, S. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of Asian Begonia, with an emphasis on the evolution of rain-ballist and animal dispersal mechamisms in sections Platycentrum, Sphenanthera, and Leprosae. Syst. Bot. 31: 327-336.

Tebbs, M. C. 1993. Piperaceae. Pp. 516-520, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Tedersoo, L. (ed.). 2017a. Biogeography of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Springer, Switzerland. [Ecological Studies 230.]

Tedersoo, L. 2017b. Global biogeography and invasions of ectomycorrhizal plants: Past, present and future. Pp. 469-531, in Tedersoo, L. (ed.), Biogeography of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Springer, Switzerland. [Ecological Studies 230.]

Tedersoo, L., & Bahram, M. 2019. Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes. Biol. Reviews 94: 1857–1880.

Tedersoo, L., & Brundrett, M. C. 2017. Evolution of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis in plants. Pp. 407-467, in Tedersoo, L. (ed.), Biogeography of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Springer, Switzerland. [Ecological Studies 230.]

Tedersoo, L., & Nara, K. 2010. General latitudinal gradient of biodiversity is reversed in ectomycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol. 185: 351-354.

Tedersoo, L., & Smith, M. E. 2013. Lineages of ectomycorrhizal fungi revisited: Foraging strategies and novel lineages revealed by sequences from belowground. Fungal Biol. Reviews 27: 83-99.

Tedersoo, L., & Smith, M. E. 2017. Ectomycorrhizal fungal lineages: Detection of four new groups and notes on consistent recognition of ectomycorrhizal taxa in high-throughput sequencing studies. Pp. 125-142, in Tedersoo, L. (ed.), Biogeography of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Springer.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2006], Hansen, K., Perry, B. A., & Kjøller, R. 2006. Molecular and morphological diversity of pezizalean ectomycorrhiza. New Phytol. 170: 581-596.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2007a], Pellet, P., Kõljalg, U., & Selosse, M.-A. 2007a. Parallel evolutionary paths to mycoheterotrophy in understorey Ericaceae and Orchidaceae: Ecological evidence for mixotrophy in Pyroleae. Oecologia 151: 206-217.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2007b], Suvi, T., Beaver, K., & Kõljalg, U. 2007b. Ectomycorrhizal fungi of the Seychelles: Diversity patterns and host shifts from the native Vateriopsis seychellarum (Dipterocarpaceae) and Intsia bijuga (Caesalpiniaceae) to the introduced Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae), but not Pinus caribea (Pinaceae). New Phytol. 175: 321-333.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2008], Jairus, T., Horton, B. M., Abarenkov, K., Suvi, T., Saar, I., & Kõljalg, U. 2008. Stong host preference of ectomycorrhizal fungi in a Tasmanian wet sclerophyll forest as revealed by DNA barcoding and taxon-specific primers. New Phytol. 180: 479-490.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2009a], Pärtel, K., Jairus, T., Gates, G., Pöldmaa, K., & Tamm, H. 2009a. Ascomycetes associated with ectomycorrhizas: Molecular diversity and ecology with particular reference to the Helotiales. Environ. Microbiol. 11: 3166-3178.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2009b], Suvi, T., Jairus, T., Ostonen, I., & Põlme, S. 2009b. Revisiting ectomycorrhizal fungi of the genus Alnus: Differential host specificity, diversity and determinants of the fungal community. New Phytol. 182: 727-735.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2010a], Sadam, A., Zambrano, M., Valencia, R., & Bahram, M. 2010a. Low diversity and high host preference of ectomycorrhizal fungi in western Amazonia, a Neotropical diversity hotspot. ISME J. 4: 465-476.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2010b], May, T. W., & Smith, M. E. 2010b. Ectomycorrhizal lifestyle in fungi: Global diversity, distribution, and evolution of phylogenetic lineages. Mycorrhiza 20: 217-263.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2011], Bahram, M., Jairus, T., Bechem, E., Chinoya, S., Mpumba, R., Leal, M., Randrianjohamy, E., Razafimandimbison, S., Sadam, A., Naadel, T., & Kõljalg, U. 2011. Spatial structure and the effects of host and soil environments on communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi in wooded savannas and rain forests of Continental Africa and Madagascar. Molec. Ecol. 20: 3071-3080.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2012], Bahram, M., Toots, M., Diédhiou, A. G., Henkel, T. W., Kjøller, R., Morris, M. H., Nara, K., Nouhra, E., Peay, K. G., Põlme, S., Ryberg, M., Smith, M. E., & Kõljalg, U. 2012. Towards global patterns in the diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Molec. Ecol. 21: 4160-4170.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2013], Mett, M., Ishida, T. A., & Bahram, M. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among host plants explain differences in fungal species richness and community composition in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. New Phytol. 199: 822-831.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2014a], Bahram, M., Ryberg, M., Otsing, E., Kõljalg, U., & Abarenkov, K. 2014a. Global biogeography of the ectomycorrhizal /sebacina lineage (Fungi, Sebacinales) as revealed from comparative phylogenetic analyses. Molec. Ecol. 23: 4168-4183.

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2014b], Bahram, M., Põlme, S., Kõljalg, U., Yorou, N. S., Wijesundera, R., Ruiz, L. V., Vasco-Palacios, A. M., Thu, P. Q., Suija, A., Smith, M. E., Sharp, C., Saluveer, E., Saitta, A., Rosas, M., Riit, T., Ratkowsky, D., Pritsch, K., Põldmaa, K., Piepenbring, M., Phosri, C., Peterson, M., Parts, K., Pärtel, K., Otsing, E., Nouhra, E., Njouonkou, A. L., Nilsson, R. H., Morgado, L. N., Mayor, J., May, T. W., Majuakim, L., Lodge, J. D., Lee, S. S., Larsson, K.-H., Kohout, P., Hosaka, K., Hiiesalu, I., Henkel, T. W., Harend, H., Guo, L.-d., Greslebin, A., Grelet, G., Geml, J., Gates, G., Dunstan, W., Dunk, C., Drenkhan, R., Dearnaley, J., De Kesel, A., Dang, T., Chen, X., Buegger, F., Brearley, F. Q., Bonito, G., Anslan, S., Abell, S., & Abarenkov, K. 2014b. Global diversity and geography of soil fungi. Science 346: 1078. [Science 346. 1256688. doi: 10.1126/science.1256688]

Tedersoo, L. [et al. 2020], Bahram, M., & Zobel, M. 2020. How mycorrhizal associations drive plant population and community biology. Science 367:eaba1223.

Teeling, E. C. [et al. 2005], Springer, M. S., Madsen, O., Bates, P., O'Brien, S. J., & Murphy, W. J. 2005. A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record. Science 307: 580-584.

Teerawatananon, A. [et al. 2012], Jacobs, S. W. L., & Hodkinson, T. R. 20112. Phylogenetics of Panicoideae (Poaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Telopea 13: 115-142.

Tegel F. 2002. Die Testaepidermis der Lactuceae ( Asteraceae) - ihre Diversität und systematische Bedeutung. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Munich, Munich. [Not Seen.]

Teichert, H. [et al. 2011], Dötterl, S., & Gottsberger, G. 2011. Heterodichogamy and nitidulid beetle pollination in Anaxagorea prinoides, an early divergent Annonaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 291: 25-33.

Teichert, H. [et al. 2018], Dötterl, S., & Gottsberger, G. 2018. Scent emissions and floral nutrients of Carludovicoideae (Cyclanthaceae) and their importance for associated beetles. Plant Syst. Evol. 304: 831-839.

Teischer, J. K. [et al. 2017], McKain, M. R., Schaal, B. A., & Kellogg, E. A. 2017. Polyphyly of Arundinarioideae (Poaceae) and evolution of the twisted geniculate awn. Ann. Bot. 120: 725-738.

Teischer, J. K. [et al. 2019], McKain, M. R., Schaal, B. A., & Kellogg, E. A. 2019. Plastome phylogenetics of tribe Eriachneae and evolution of C4 photosynthesis in subfamily Micrairoideae (Poaceae). Syst. Bot. 44: 32-40.

Teixeira, A. [et al. 2019], Iannetta, P., Binnie, K., Valentine, T. A., & Toorop, P. 2020 [= 2019]. Myxospermous seed-mucilage quantity correlates with environmental gradients indicative of water-deficit stress: Plantago species as a model. Plant Soil 446: 343-356.

Teixeira, S. de P. [et al. 2004], Borba, E. L., & Semir, J. 2004. Lip anatomy and its implications for the pollination mechanisms of Bulbophyllum species (Orchidaceae). Ann. Bot. 93: 499-504.

Teixeira, S. de P. [et al. 2009], Ranga, N. T., & Tucker, S. C. 2009. Inflorescence and floral development of Dahlstedtia species (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Millettieae). Flora 204: 769-781.

Teixeira, S. P. [et al. 2018], Costa, M. F. B., Basso-Alves, J. P., Kjellberg, F., & Pereira, R. A. S. 2018. Morphological diversity and function of the stigma in Ficus species (Moraceae). Acta Oecol. 90: 117-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2018.02.008

Teixeira, S. P. [et al. 2020a], Costa, M. F. B., Basso-Alves, J. P., Kjellberg, F., & Pereira, R. A. S. 2021 [= 2020a]. The synstigma turns the fig into a large flower. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 195: 93-105.

Teixeira, S. P. [et al. 2020b], Marinho, C. R., & Leme, F. M. 2020b. Structural diversity and distribution of laticifers. Adv. Bot. Research 93: 27-54.

Teixeira, S. P. [et al. 2020c], Pedersoli, G. D., Leme, F. M., Leite, V. G., & Basso-Alves, J. P. 2020c. Development resolves the uncommon floral construction of urticalean rosids. Pp. 181-206, in Demarco, D. (ed.), Plant Ontogeny Studies, Analyses and Evolutionary Implications. Nova, New York.

Teixeira-Costa, L., & Davis, C. C. 2021. Life history, diversity, and distribution in parasitic flowering plants. Plant Physiol. 187: 32-51.

Teixeira-Costa, L., & Suetsugu, K. 2023 [= 2022]. Neglected plant parasites: Mitrastemonaceae. Plants People Planet 5: 5-13.

Teixeira-Costa, L. [et al. 2020], Ocampo, G., & Ceccantini, G. 2020. Morphogenesis and evolution of mistletoes' haustoria. Pp. 107-157, in Demarco, D. (ed.), Plant Ontogeny Studies, Analyses and Evolutionary Implications. Nova, New York.

Teixeira-Costa, L. [et al. 2021], Davis, C. C., & Ceccantini, G. 2021. Striking developmental convergence in angiosperm endoparasites. American J. Bot. 108: 756-768.

Teixeira da Silva, J. A. [et al. 2015], Tsavkelova, E. A., Zeng, S., Ng, T. B., Parthibhan, S., Dobránszki, J., Cardoso, J. C., & Rao, M. V. 2015. Symbiotic in vitro seed propagation of Dendrobium: Fungal and bacterial partners and their influence on plant growth and development. Planta 242: 1-22.

Teixeira de Souza-Chies, T. [et al. 1997], Bittar, G., Nadot, S., Carter, L., Besin, E., & Lejeune, B. 1997. Phylogenetic analysis of Iridaceae with parsimony and distance methods using the plastid gene rps2. Plant Syst. Evol. 204: 109-123.

Tekleva, M. 2016 [= 2015]. Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of several Gnetum species: An electron microscopic study. Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 291-303.

Tekleva, M. V., & Krassilov, V. A. 2009. Comparative pollen morphology and ultrastructure of modern and fossil gnetophytes. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 156: 130-138.

Tekleva, M. [et al. 2021], Mendes, M. N., Kvacek, J., Endress, P. K., & Doyle, J. A. 2021. Morphology, ultrastructure, and evolutionary significance of pollen in a chloranthaceous staminate structure from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 182: 817-832.

Tekleyohans, D. G. [et al. 2016], Nakel, T., & Gross-Hardt, R. 2017 [= 2016]. Patterning the female gametophyte of flowering plants. Plant Physiol. 173: 122-129. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01471

Tellería, M. C., & Daners, G. 2003. Pollen types in southern New World Convolvulaceae and their taxonomic significance. Plant Syst. Evol. 243: 99-118.

Tellería, M. C., & Katinas, L. 2009. New insights into the pollen morphology of the genus Mutisia (Asteraceae, Mutisieae). Plant Syst. Evol. 280: 229-241.

Tellería, M. C. [et al. 2015], Palazzesi, L., & Barreda, V. 2015. Evolutionary significance of exine ultrastructure in the subfamily Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae) in the light of molecular phylogenetics. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 221: 32-46.

Tellería, M. C. [et al. 2018], Barreda, V. D., Palazzesi, L. 2019 [= 2018]. Pollen morphology of the least known families of the order Asterales. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 262: 1-9.

Temeles, E. J. 1996. A new dimension to hummingbird-flower relationships. Oecologia 105: 517-523.

Temeles, E. J., & Kress, W. J. 2003. Adaptation in a plant-hummingbird association. Science 300: 630-633.

Temeles, E. J. [et al. 2002], Linhart, Y. B., Masonjones, M., & Masonjones, H. D. 2002. The role of flower width in hummingbird bill length-flower length relationships. Biotropica 34: 68-80.

Temeles, E. J. [et al. 2009], Koulouris, C. R., Sander, S. E., & Kress, W. J. 2009. Effect of flower shape and size on foraging performance and trade-offs in a tropical hummingbird. Ecology 90: 1147-1161.

Temeles, E. J. [et al. 2012], Rah, Y. J., Andicoechea, J., Byanova, K. L., Giller, G. S. J., Stolk, S. B., & Kress, W. J. 2013 [= 2012]. Pollinator-mediated selection in a specialized hummingbird-Heliconia system in the eastern Caribbean. J. Evol. Biol. 26: 347-356.

Temeles, E. J. [et al. 2019], Liang, J., Levy, M. C., & Fan, Y.-L. 2019. Floral isolation and pollination in two hummingbird-pollinated plants: The roles of exploitation barriers and pollinator competition. Evol. Ecol. 33: 481-497.

Temmink, R. J. M. [et al. 2022], Lamers, L. P. N., Angelini, C., Doiuma, T. J., bFritz, C., van de Koppel, J., Lexmond, R., Rietkerk, M., Silliman, B. R., Joosten, H., & van der Heide, T. 2022. Recovering wetland biogeomorphic feedbacks to restore the world’s biotic carbon hotspots. Science 376: 594. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn1479

Tempère, G. 1969. Un critère méconnu des systématiciens phanérogamistes: l'instinct des insectes phytophages. Botaniste 50: 473-482.

Temple, P. [et al. 2020], Panco, I., Panfet Valdéz, C. M., & Serra, C. A. 2020. True vivpary in two remarkable Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) from the Caribbean, P. lignicola nd P. casabitoana. Carniv. Plants Newsl. 49: 75-83.

Teng, L., & Liu, W.-Z. 2009. Passing winter strategies of Tapiscia sinensis during its extreme long reproductive cycle. J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 27: 70-75. [In Chinese.]

Tennakoon, K. U., & Cameron, D. D. 2006. The anatomy of Santalum album (sandalwood) haustoria. Canadian J. Bot. 84: 1608-1616.

Tennakoon, K. U. [et al. 1997], Pate, J. S., & Fineran, B. A. 1997. Growth and partitioning of C and fixed N in the shrub legume Acacia littorea in the presence or absence of the root hemiparasite Olax phyllanthi. J. Experim. Bot. 48: 1047-1060.

Tennakoon, K. U. [et al. 2005], Bolin, J. F., & Musselman, L. J. 2005. "Pilot roots" of Hydnora triceps and H. africanum (Hydnoraceae) are stems. P. 43, in Botany 2005. Learning from Plants. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Tennakoon, K. U. [et al. 2007], Bolin, J. F., Musselman, L. J., & Maass, E. 2007. Structural attributes of the hypogeous holoparasite Hydnora triceps Drège & Meyer (Hydnoraceae). American J. Bot. 94: 1439-1449.

Tennant, J. P. [et al. 2016], Mannion, P. D., Upchurch, P., Sutton, M. D., & Price, G. D. 2017 [= 2016]. Biotic and environmental dynamics through the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous transition: Evidence for protracted faunal and ecological turnover. Biol. Reviews 92: 776-814.

Tennessen, J. A. [et al. 2018], Wei, N., Straub, S. C. K., Govindarajulu, R., Liston, A., & Ashman, T.-L. 2018. Repeated translocation of a gene cassette drives sex-chromosome turnover in strawberries. PLoS Biol. 16(8):e2006062. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2006062

Tenorio, V. [et al. 2012], Sakaragui, C. M., & Vieira, R. C. 2012. Stem anatomy of Philodendron Schott (Araceae) and its contribution to the systematics of the genus. Plant Syst. Evol. 298: 1337-1347.

Tenorio, V. [et al. 2017], Couto, R. S., de Albuquerque, E. S. B., Medeiros, A. M. L., Ferreira, R. de O., Braga, J. M. A., & Vieira, R. C. 2017. Stem anatomy of Neotropical Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreaceae) and its importance to the systematics of the genus. Plant Syst. Evol. 303: 775-786.

Teo, S. P., & Haron, N. W. 1999. Anatomical studies in West Malaysia Icacinaceae. Australian Syst. Bot. 11: 729-738.

Teo, Z. W. N. [et al. 2013], Song, S., Wang, Y.-Q., Liu, J., & Yo, H. 2014 [= 2013]. New insights into the regulation of inflorescence architecture. Trends Plant Sci. 19: 158-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.11.001

Teodoro, G. S. [et al. 2019], Lambers, H., Nascimento, D. L., Costa, P. de B., Flores-Borges, D. N. A., Abrahão, A., Mayer, J. L. S., Sawaya, A. C. H. F., Ladeira, F. S. B., Abdala, D. B., Pérez, C. A., & Oliveira, R. S. 2019. Specialized roots in Velloziaceae weather quartzite rock while mobilizing phosphorus using carboxylates. Funct. Ecol. 33: 762-773. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13324

Tepe, E. J. [et al. 2004], Vincent, M. A., & Watson, L. E. 2004. Phylogenetic patterns, evolutionary trends, and the origin of ant-plant associations in Piper section Macrostachys: Burger's hypothesis revisited. Pp. 117-139, in Dyer, L. A., & Palmer, A. D. N. (eds), Piper: A Model Genus for Studies of Phytochemistry, Ecology, and Evolution. Kluwer Academic, New York.

Tepe, E. J. [et al. 2016], Anderson, G. J., Spooner, D. M., & Bohs, L. 2016. Relationships among wild relatives of the tomato, potato, and pepino. Taxon 65: 262-276.

Tepe, E. J. [et al. 2007], Vincent, M. A., & Watson, L. E. 2007. Stem diversity, cauline domatia, and the evolution of ant-plant associations in Piper sect. Macrostachys (Piperaceae). American J. Bot. 94: 1-11.

Teppner, H. 2001. The seedling of Syneilesis (Asteraceae-Senecioneae), does it possess cotyledons? Fritschiana 26: 49-54.

Teppner, H. 2003. The heterodiaspory of Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae). Phyton (Horn, Austria) 43: 381-391.

Teppner, H. 2004. Notes on Lagenaria and Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae) - review and new contributions. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 44: 245-308.

Teppner, H. 2005. Pollinators of tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae), in Central Europe. Phyton 45: 217-235.

Teppner, H. 2007a. Notes on terminology for Mimosaceae polyads, especially in Calliandra. Phyton 46: 231-236.

Teppner, H. 2007b. Polyad development and karyology in Inga and Calliandra (Mimosaceae-Ingeae): A reply to a recent paper in Flora. Phyton 47: 1-46.

Teppner, H. 2009. The easiest proof for the presence of pollenkitt. Phyton 48: 169-328.

Teppner, H. 2011. Flowers of Boraginaceae (Symphytum, Onosma, Cerinthe) and Andrena symphyti (Hymenoptera - Andrenidae): Morphology, pollen portioning, vibratory pollen collection, nectar robbing. Phyton 50: 145-180.

Teppner, H. 2018. The first records of vibratory pollen-collection by bees. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 57: 129-135.

Teppner, H., & Stabentheiner, E. 2007. Anther opening, polyad presentation, pollenkitt and pollen adhesive in four Calliandra species (Mimosaceae-Ingeae). Phyton 47: 291-320.

Teppner, H., & Stabentheiner, E. 2010. Pararchidendron pruinosum (Mimosaceae-Ingeae): ESEM investigations on anther opening, polyad presentatation and stigma. Phyton 50: 109-126.

Terabayashi, S. 1983. Studies in the morphology and systematice of Berberidaceae VII. Floral anatomy of Nandina domestica Thunb.. J. Phytogeogr. Tax. 31: 16-21.

Terabayashi, S. 1985a. The comparative floral anatomy and systematics of Berberidaceae I. Morphology. Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ. Ser. B, n.s. 10: 73-90.

Terabayashi, S. 1985b. The comparative floral anatomy and systematics of Berberidaceae II. Systematic considerations. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36: 1-13.

Terabayashi, S. 1991. Vernation patterns in Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales), and their evolutionary and systematic implications. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 104: 1-13.

Terborgh, J. 1986. Keystone plant resources in the tropical forest. Pp. 330-344, in Soulé, M. E. (ed.), Conservation Biology. The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.

Terekhin, E. S., & Nikiticheva, Z. I. 1981. The Family Orobanchaceae: Ontogeny and Phylogeny. NAUKA, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Terentieva, E. I. [et al. 2015], Valiejo-Roman, C. M., Samigullin, T. H., Pimenov, M. G., & Tilney, P. M. 2015. Molecular phylogentic and morphological analyses of the traditional tribe Coriandreae (Umbelliferae-Apioideae). Phytotaxa 195: 251-271.

Teriokin, E. S., & Yakovlev, M. S. 1967. Embryology of the Balanophoraceae. Bot. Zhurn. 52: 745-758. [In Russian.]

Termonia, A. [et al 2001], Hsiao, T. H., Pasteels, J. M., & Milinkovitch, M. C. 2001. Feeding specialization and host-derived chemical defense in Chrysomeline leaf beetles did not lead to an evolutionary dead end. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 98: 3909-3914.

Termonia, A. [et al. 2002], Pasteels, J. M., Windsor, D. M., & Milinkovitch, M. C. [2002]. Dual chemical sequestration: A key mechanism in transitions among ecological specialization. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 269: 1-6.

Terpollili, J. J. [et al. 2012], Hood, G. A., & Poole, P. S. 2012. What determines the efficiency of N2-fixing Rhizobium-legume symbioses? Adv. Microbial Physiol. 60: 325-389.

Terra, V. [et al. 2017], Garcia, F. C. P., de Queiroz, L. P., van der Bank, M., & Miller, J. T. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships in Senegalia (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) emphasizing the South American lineages. Syst. Bot. 42: 458-464.

Terra, V. [et al. 2022], Ringelberg, J. J., Maslin, B., Koenen, E. J. M., Ebinger, J., Seigler, D., & Hughes, C. E. 2022. Dilemmas in generic delimitation of Senegalia and allies (Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade): How to reconcile phylogenomic evidence with morphology and taxonomy? In: Hughes, C. E., de Queiroz, L. P., Lewis, G. P. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 261–278. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.79378

Terra-Araujo, M. H. [et al. 2015], de Faria, A. D., Vincentini, A., Nylinder, S., & Swenson, U. 2015. Species tree and biogeography of the Neotropical genus Pradosia (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 87: 1-13.

Terral, J. F. [et al. 2010], Tabard, E., Bouby, L., Ivorra, S., Pastor, T., Figueiral, I., Picq, S, Chevance, J.-B., Jung, C., Fabre, L., Tardy, C., Compan, M., Bacilieri, R., Lacombe, T., & This, P. 2010. Evolution and history of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) under domestication: New morphometric perspectives to understand seed domestication syndrome and reveal origin of ancient European cultivars. Ann. Bot. 105: 443-455.

Terrazas, T. 1991. Origin and activity of successive cambia in Cycas (Cycadales). American J. Bot. 78: 1335-1344.

Terrazas, T., & Arias, S. 2003. Comparative stem anatomy in the subfamily Cactoideae. Bot. Review 68: 444-473.

Terrazas Salgado, T., & Mauseth, J. J. 2002. Shoot anatomy and morphology. Pp. 23-40, in Nobel, P. S. (ed.), Cacti: Biology and Uses. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Terrazas, T. [et al. 2011], Aguilar-Rodríguez, A., & Ojanguren, C. T. 2011. Development of successive cambia, cambial activity, and their relationship to physiological traits in Ipomoea arborescens (Convolvulaceae) seedlings. American J. Bot. 98: 765-774.

Terrer, C. [et al. 2016], Vicca, S., Hungate, B. A., Phillips, R. C., & Prentice, I. C. 2016. Mycorrhizal association as a primary control of the CO2 fertilization effect. Science 353: 6294-6295.

Terrer, C. [et al. 2021], Phillips, R. P., Hungate, B. A., Rosende, J., Pett-Ridge, J., Craig, M. E., van Groenigen, K. J., Keenan, T. F., Sulman, B. N., Stocker, B. D., Reich, P. B., Pellegrini, A. F. A., Pendall, E., Zhang, H., Evans, R. D., Carrillo, Y., Fisher, J. B., Van Sundert, K., Vicca, S., & Jackson, R. B. 2021. A trade-off between plant and soil carbon storage under elevated CO2. Nature 591: 599-603.

Terry, I. [et al. 2007a], Walter, G. H., Hull, C., & Moore, C. 2007a. Responses of pollinating thrips and weevils to specific Macrozamia cycad cone volatiles. Pp. 346-371, in Vovides, A. P., Stevenson, D. W., & Osborne, R. (eds), Proceedings of Cycad 2005. The 7th International Conference on Cycad Biology. New York Botanical Garden, New York. [Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 97: 346-371.]

Terry, I. [et al. 2007b], Walter, G. H., Moore, C., Roemer, R., & Hull, C. 2007b. Odor-mediated push-pull pollination in cycads. Science 318: 70.

Terry, I. [et al. 2012a], Tang, W., & Marler, T. E. 2012a. Pollination systems of island cycads: Predictions based on island biogeography. Pp. 102-132, in Stevenson, D. W., Osborne, R., & Blake, A. S. T. (eds), Proceedings of Cycad 2008. The 8th International Conference on Cycad Biology. New York Botanical Garden, New York. [Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 106: 102-132.]

Terry, I. [et al. 2012b], Tang, W., Taylor Blake, A. S., Donaldson, J. S., Singh, R., Vovides, A. P., & Jaramillo, A. C. 2012b. An overview of cycad pollination studies. Pp. 353-394, in Stevenson, D. W., Osborne, R., & Blake, A. S. T. (eds), Proceedings of Cycad 2008. The 8th International Conference on Cycad Biology. New York Botanical Garden, New York. [Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 106: 353-394.]

Terry, I. [et al. 2018], Calonje, C., Calonje, M. A., & Marler, T. E. 2018. Thermogenesis patterns in selected Cycas species. Pp. 410-432, in Li, N., Stevenson, D. W., & Griffith, M. P. 2018 (eds), Cycad Biology and Conservation: The 9th International Conference on Cycad Biology. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.

Terry, I. [et al. 2021], Moore, C., Roemer, R., Brookes, D., & Walter, G. 2021. Unique chemistry associated with diversification in a tightly coupled cycad-thrips obligate pollination mutualism. Phytochem. 186:112715. 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112715.

Terry, L. I. [et al. 2014], Roemer, R. B., Walter, G. H., & Booth, D. 2014. Thrips' responses to thermogenic associated signals in a cycad pollination system: The interplay of temperature, light, humidity and cone volatiles. Functional Ecol. 28: 857-867. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12239

Terry, R. G. [et al. 1997], Brown, G. K., & Olmstead, R. G. 1997. Examination of subfamilial phylogeny in Bromeliaceae using comparative sequencing of the plastid locus ndhF. American J. Bot. 84: 664-670.

Terry, R. G., & Adams, R. P. 2015. A molecular re-examination of phylogenetic relationships among Juniperus, Cupressus, and the Hesperocyparis/Callitropsis/Xanthocyparis clades of Cupressaceae. Phytologia 97: 67-75.

Ter Steege, H. [et al. 2006], Pitman, N. C. A., Phillips, O. L., Chave, J., Sabatier, D., Duque, A., Molino, J.-F., Prevost, M.-F., Spichiger, R., Castellanos, H., von Hildebrand, P., & Vasquez, R. 2006. Continental-scale patterns of canopy tree composition and function across Amazonia. Nature 443: 444-447.

Ter Steege, H. [et al. 2013], Pitman, N. C. A., Sabatier, D., Baraloto, C., Salomão, R. P., Guevara, J. E., Phillips, O. L., Castilho, C. V., Magnusson, W. F., Molino, J.-F., Monteagudo, A., Vargas, P. N., Montero, J. C., Feldpausch, T. R., Coronado, E. N. H., Killeen, T. J., Mostacedo, B., Vasquez, R., Assis, R. L., Terborgh, J., Wittmann, F., Andrade, A., Laurance, W. F., Laurance, S. G. W., Marimon, B. S., Marimon Jr., B.-H. M., Vieira, I. C. G., Amaral, I. L., Brienen, R., Castellanos, H., López, D. C., Duivenvoorden, J. F., Mogollón, H. F., Matos, F. D. de A., Dávila, N., García-Villacorta, R., Diaz, P. R. S., Costa, F., Emilio, T., Levis, C., Schietti, J., Souza, P., Alonso, A., Dallmeier, F., Montoya, A. J. D., Piedade, M. T. F., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arroyo, L., Gribel, R., Fine, P. V. A., Peres, C. A., Toledo, M., Aymard C., G. A., Baker, T. R., Cerón, C., Engel, J., Henkel, T. W., Maas, P., Petronelli, P., Stropp, J., Zartman, C. E., Daly, D., Neill, D., Silveira, M., Paredes, M. R., Chave, J., Filho, D. de A. L., Jorgensen, P. M., Fuentes, A., Schöngart, J., Valverde, F. C., Di Fiore, A., Jimenez, E. M., Mora, M. C. P., Phillips, J. F., Rivas, G., van Ande, T. R., von Hildebrand, P., Hoffman, B., Zent, E. L., Malhi, Y., Prieto, A., Rudas, A., Ruschell, A. R., Silva, N., Vos, V., Zent, S., Oliveira, A. A., Schutz, A. C., Gonzales, T., Nascimento, M. T., Ramirez-Angulo, H., Sierra, R., Tirado, M., Medina, M. N. U., van der Heijden, G., Vela, C. I. A., Torre, E. V., Vriesendorp, C., Wang, O., Young, K. R., Baider, C., Balslev, H., Ferreira, C., Mesones, I., Torres-Lezama, A., Giraldo, L. E. U., Zagt, R., Alexiades, M. N., Hernandez, L., Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I., Milliken, W., Cuenca, W. P., Pauletto, D., Sandoval, E. V., Gamarra, L. V., Dexter, K. G., Feeley, K., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., & Silman, M. R. 2013. Hyperdominance in the Amazonian tree flora. Science 342: 325. doi: 10.1126/science.1243092

Ter Steege, H. [et al. 2016), Vaessen, R. W., Cardenas, D., Sabatier, D., Antonelli, A., Mota de Oliveira, S., Pitman, N., Jørgensen, P. M., & Salomão, R. P. 2016. The discovery of the Amazonian tree flora with an updated checklist of all known tree taxa. Sci. Reports 6:29549.

Ter Steege, H. [et al. 2020], Prado, P. I., de Lima, R. A. F., Pos, E., de Souza Coelho, L., de Andrade Lima Filho, D., Salomão, R. P., Amaral, I. L., de Almeida Matos, F. D., Castilho, C, V., Phillips, O. L., Guevara, J. E., de Jesus Veiga Carim, M., Cárdenas López, D., Magnusson, W. E., Wittmann, F., Martins, M. P., Sabatier, D., Irume, M. V., da Silva Guimarães, J. R., Molino, J. F., Bánki, O. S., Piedade, M. T. F., Pitman, N. C. A., Ramos, J. F., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Venticinque, E. M., Luize, B. G., Núñez Vargas, P., Silva, T. S. F., de Leão Novo, E. M. M., Reis, N. F. C., Terborgh, J., Manzatto, A. G., Casula, K. R., Honorio Coronado, E. N., Montero, J. C., Duque, A., Costa, F. R. C., Castaño Arboleda, N., Schöngart, J., Zartman, C. E., Killeen, T. J., Marimon, B. S., Marimon-Junior, B. H., Vasquez, R., Mostacedo, B., Demarchi, L. O., Feldpausch, T. R., Engel, J., Petronelli, P., Baraloto, C., Assis, R. L., Castellanos, H., Simon, M. F., de Medeiros, M. B., Quaresma, A., Laurance, S. G. W., Rincón, L. M., Andrade, A., Sousa, T. R., Camargo, J. L., Schietti, J., Laurance, W. F., de Queiroz, H. L., Nascimento, H. E. M., Lopes, M. A., de Sousa Farias, E., Magalhães, J. L. L., Brienen, R., Aymard C, G. A., Revilla, J. D. C., Vieira, I. C. G., Cintra, B. B. L., Stevenson, P. R., Feitosa, Y. O., Duivenvoorden, J. F., Mogollón, H. F., Araujo-Murakami, A., Ferreira, LL. V., Lozada, J. R., Comískey, J. A., de Toledo, J. J., Damasco, G., Dávila, M., Lopes, A., García-Villacorta, R., Draper, F., Vicentini, A., Cornejo Valverde, F., Lloyd, J., Gomes, V. H. F., Neill, D., Alonso, A., Dallmeier, F., de Souza, F. C., Gribel, R., Arroyo, L., Carvalho, F. A., de Aguiar, D. A. P., do Amaral, D. D., Pansonato, M. P., Feeley, K. J., Berenguer, E., Fine, P. V. A., Guedes, M. C., Barlow, J., Ferreira, J., Villa, B., Peñuela Mora, M. C., Jimenez, E. M., Licona, Juan Carlos, Cerón, C., Thomas, R., Maas, P., Silveira, M., Henkel, T. W., Stropp, J., Paredes, M. R., Dexter, K. G., Daly, D., Baker, T. R., Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I., Milliken, W., Pennington, T., Tello, J. S., Pena, J. L. M., Peres, C. A., Klitgaard, B., Fuentes, A., Silman, M. R., Di Fiore, A., von Hildebrand, P., Chave, J., van Andel, T. R., Hilário, R. R., Phillips, J. F., Rivas-Torres, G., Noronha, J. C., Prieto, A., Gonzales, T., de Sá Carpanedo, R., Gonzales, G. P. G., Gómez, R. Z., de Jesus Rodrigues, D., Zent, E. L., Ruschel, A. R., Vos, V. A., Fonty, É., Junqueira, A. B., Doza, H. P. D., Hoffman, B., Zent, S., Barbosa, E. M., Malhi, Y., de Matos Bonates, L. C., de Andrade Miranda, I. P., Silva, N., Barbosa, F. R., Vela, C. I. A., Pinto, L. F. M., Rudas, A., Albuquerque, B. W., Umaña, M. N., Carrero Márquez, Y. A., van der Heijden, G., Young, K. R., Tirado, M., Correa, D. F., Sierra, R., Costa, J. B. P., Rocha, M., Vilanova Torre, E., Wang, O., Oliveira, A. A., Kalamandeen, M., Vriesendorp, C., Ramirez-Angulo, H., Holmgren, M., Nascimento, M. T., Galbraith, D., Flores, B. M., Scudeller, V. V., Cano, A,, Ahuite Reategui, M. A., Mesones, I., Baider, C., Mendoza, C., Zagt, R., Urrego Giraldo, L. E., Ferreira, C., Villarroel, D., Linares Palomino, R., Farfan-Rios, W., Casas, Luisa F., Cárdenas, S., Balslev, H., Torres-Lezama, A., Alexiades, M. N., Garcia-Cabrera, K., Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Valderrama Sandoval, E. H., Ramirez Arevalo, F., Hernandez, L., Sampaio, A. F., Pansini, S., Palacios Cuenca, W., de Oliveira, E. A., Pauletto, D., Levesley, A., Melgaço, K., & Pickavance, G. 2020. Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora. Sci. Reports 10:10130. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66686-3

Ter Welle, B. J. H., & Koek-Noorman, J. 1981. Wood anatomy of the Neotropical Melastomataceae. Blumea 27: 335-394.

Ter Welle, B. J. H. [et al. 1986], Koek-Noorman, J., & Topper, S. M. C. 1986. The systematic wood anatomy of the Moraceae (Urticales) V. Genera of the tribe Moreae without urticaceous stamens. IAWA Bull. N.S. 7: 175-193.

Teryokhin, E. S. [et al. 1975], Yakovlev, M. S., & Nikiticheva, Z. I. 1975. Development of microsporangia, pollen grains, ovule, and embryo sac of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. (Cynomoriaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 60: 1603-1615. [In Russian.]

Tesi, T. [et al. 2016], Muschitiello, F., Smittenberg, R. H., Jakobsson, M., Vonk, J. E., Hill, P., Andersson, A., Kirchner, N., Noormets, R., Dudarev, O., Semiletov, I., & Gustafsson, Ö. 2016. Massive remobilization of permafrost carbon during post-glacial warming. Nature Communic. 7:13653. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13653

Tešitel, J. 2016. Functional biology of parasitic plants: A review. Plant Ecol. Evol. 149: 5-20.

Tešitel, J., & Tesarová, M. 2013. Ultrastructure of hydathode trichomes of hemiparasitic Rhinanthus alectorolophus and Odontites vernus: How important is their role in physiology and evolution of parasitism in Orobanchaceae? Plant Biol., 15: 119-125. doi: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00610.x

Tešitel, J. [et al. 2010a], Ríha, O., Svobodová, S., Malinová, T., & Stech, M. 2010a. Phylogeny, life history evolution and biogeography of the rhinanthoid Orobanchaceae. Folia Geobot. 45: 347-367.

Tešitel, J. [et al. 2010b], Plavcová, L., & Cameron, D. D. 2010b. Heterotrophic carbon gain by the root hemisparasites, Rhinanthus minor and Euphrasia rostkoviana (Orobanchaceae). Planta 231: 1137-1144.

Tešitel, J. [et al. 2010c], Plavcová, L., & Cameron, D. D. 2010c. Interactions between hemiparasitic plants and their hosts: The importance of organic carbon transfer. Plant Signall. Behav. 5: 1072-1076.

Tešitel, J. [et al. 2011], Vráblová, M., & Cameron, D. D. 2011. The role of heterotrophic carbon acquisition by the hemiparasitic plant Rhinanthus alectorolophus in seedling establishment in natural communities: A physiological perspective. New Phytol. 192: 188-199.

Tešitel, J. [et al. 2018], Tešitelová, T., Minasiewicz, J., & Selosse, M.-A. 2018. Mixotrophy in land plants: Why to stay green? Trends Plant Sci. 23: 656-659.

Tešitelová, T. [et al. 2012], Tešitel, J., Jersáková, J., Ríhová, G., & Selosse, M.-A. 2012. Symbiotic germination capacity of four Epipactis species (Orchidaceae) is broader than expected from adult ecology. American J. Bot. 99: 1020-1032.

Teste, F. P., & Laliberté, E. 2019 [= 2018]. Plasticity in root symbioses following shift in soil nutrient availability during long-term ecosystem development. J. Ecol. 107: 633-649.

Teste, F. P. [et al. 2019], Jones M. D., & Dickie, I. A. 2020 [= 2019]. Dual-mycorrhizal plants: Their ecology and relevance. New Phytol. 225: 1835-1851.

Testo, W., & Sundue, M. 2014. Primary hemiepiphytism in Colysis ampla (Polypodiaceae) provides new insight into the evolution of growth habit in ferns. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 175: 526-536.

Testo, W., & Sundue, M. 2016. A 4000-species dataset provides new insight into the evolution of ferns. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 105: 200-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.003

Testo, W. [et al. 2018a], Øllgaard, B., Field, A., Almeida, T., Kessler, M., & Barrington, D. 2018a. Phylogenetic systematics, morphological evolution, and natural groups in Neotropical Phlegmarius (Polypodiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 125: 1-13.

Testo, W. [et al. 2018b], Field, A., & Barrington, D. 2018b. Overcoming among-lineage rate heterogeneity to infer the divergence times and biogeography of the clubmoss family Lycopodiaceae. J. Biogeog. 45: 1929-1941.

Testo, W. [et al. 2019a], Sessa, E., & Barrington, D. 2019a. The rise of the Andes promoted rapid diversification in Neotropical Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae). New Phytol. 222: 604-613.

Testo, W. L. [et al. 2019b], Field, A. R., Sessa, E. B., & Sundue, M. 2019b. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses support the resurrection of Dendroconche and the description of two new genera in Polypodiaceae subfamily Microsoroideae. Syst. Bot. 44: 737-752.

Testo, W. L. [et al. 2022], de Gasper, A. L., Nolino, S., y Gal´n, J. M. G., Salino, L., Dittrich, V. A. de O., & Sessa, E. B. 2022. Deep vicariance and frequent transoceanic dispersal shape the evolutionary history of a globally distributed fern family. American J. Bot. 109: 1579-1595.

Tettelin, H. [et al. 2005], Masignani, V., Cieslewicz, M. J., Donati, C., Medini, D., Ward, N. L., Angiuoli, S. V., Crabtree, J., Jones, A. L., Durkin, A. S., DeBoy, R. T., Davidsen, T. M., Mora, M., Scarselli, M., y Ros, I. M., Peterson, J. D., Hauser, C. R., Sundaram, J. P., Nelson, W. C., Madupu, R., Brinkac, L. M., Dodson, R. J., Rosovitz, M. J., Sullivan, S. A., Daugherty, S. C., Haft, D. H., Selengut, J., Gwinn, M. L., Zhou, L., Zafar, N., Khouri, H., Radune, D., Dimitrov, G., Watkins, K., O’Connor, K. J. B., Smith, S., Utterback, T. R., White, O., Rubens, C. E., Grandi, G., Madoffy, L. C., Kasper, D. L., Telford, J. L., Wessels, M. R., Rappuoli, R., & Fraser, C. M. 2005. Genome analysis of multiple pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae: Implications for the microbial “pan-genome”. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 102: 13950-13955.

Tewari, D. N. 1995. A Monograph on Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. f.). International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun.

Tewari, R. B., & Nair, P. K. K. 1978 [=1979]. Wing morphology of the flower in Crotalaria. Phytomorph. 28: 283-290.

Tewksbury, J. [et al. 2008], Reagan, K. M., Machnicki, N. J., Carlo, T. A., Haak, D. C., Calderón-Peñaloza, A. L., & Levey, D. J. 2008. Evolutionary ecology of pungency in wild chilies. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 11808-11811.

Textor, S., & Gershenzon, J. 2009. Herbivore induction of the glucosinolate-myrosinase defense system: Major trends, biochemical bases and ecological significance. Phytochem. Rev. 8: 149-170.

Thadeo, M., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2009. Anatomical and histochemical characterization of extrafloral nectaries of Prockia crucis (Salicaceae). P. 90, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Thadeo, M., & Meira, R. 2013. Foliar anatomy of Neotropical Salicaceae: Characters useful to taxonomic approaches. P. 100, in Botany 2013. Celebrating Diversity! July 27-31 - New Orleans. Abstracts.

Thadeo, M. [et al. 2014], Azevedo, A. A., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2014. Foliar anatomy of Neotropical Salicaceae: Potentially useful characters for taxonomy. Plant Syst. Evol. 300: 273-2089.

Thadeo, M. [et al. 2008], Cassino, M. F., Vitarelli, N. C., Azevedo, A. A., Araújo, J. M., Valente, V. M. M., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2008. Anatomical and histochemical characterization of extrafloral nectaries of Prockia crucis (Salicaceae). American J. Bot. 95: 1515-1522.

Thadeo, M. [et al. 2015], Hampilos, K. E., & Stevenson, D. W. 2015. Anatomy of fleshy fruits in the monocots. American J. Bot. 102: 1757-1779.

Thakur, H. A., & Patil, D. A. 2002. Nodal organisation in some Euphorbiaceae. J. Swamy Bot. Club 19: 59-62.

Thaler, I. 1966. Eiweisskristalle in Pflanzenzellen. Protoplasmatologia II/B/2b/[gamma]: 1-87.

Thaler, J. S. [et al. 2012], Humphrey, P. T., & Whiteman, N. T. 2012. Evolution of jasmonate and salicylate signal crosstalk. Trends Plant Sci. 17: 260-270.

Thammarong, W. [et al. 2019], Chantaranothai, P., Parnell, J. A. N., Hodkinson, T. R., & Pornpongrungrueng, P. 2019. Pollen morphology of Lecythidaceae in Southeast Asia. Thai Forest Bull. 47: 55-68.

Thao, M.L. L. [et al. 2002], Gullan, P. J., & Baumann, P. 2002. Secondary (γ) endosymbionts infect the primary (β) endosymbionts of mealybugs multiple times and coevolve with their hosts. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 3190-3197.

Thaowetsuwan, P. [et al. 2017], Honorio Coronado, E. N., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2017. Floral morphology and anatomy of Ophiocaryon, a paedomorphic genus of Sabiaceae. Ann. Bot. 120: 819-832.

Thaowetsuwan, P. [et al. 2020], Ritchie, S., Riina, R., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2020. Divergent developmental pathways among staminate and pistillate flowers of some unusual Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Front. Ecol. Evol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00153

Thapa, R. [et al. 2020a], Bayer, R. J., & Mandel, J. R. 2020a. Phylogenomnics resolves the relationships within Antennaria (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) and yields new insights into its morphological character evolution and biogeography. Syst. Bot. 45: 387-402. See also Thapa et al. Syst. Bot. 45: 703-706. 2020. - Erratum.

Thapa, R. [et al. 2020b], Bayer, R. J., & Mandel, J. R. 2021 [= 2020b]. Genetic diversity, population structure, and ancestry estimation in the Antennaria rosea (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) polyploid agamic complex. Taxon 70: 139-152.

't Hart, H. 1995. Infrafamilial and generic classification of the Crassulaceae. Pp. 159-172, in 't Hart, H., & Eggli, U. (eds), Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae. Backhuys, Leiden.

't Hart, H., & Eggli, U. (eds). 1995. Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae. Backhuys, Leiden.

't Hart, H., & Koek-Noorman, J. 1989. The origin of woody Sedoideae (Crassulaceae). Taxon 38: 535-544.

't Hart, H. [et al. 1999], van Ham, R. D. H. J., Stevens, J. F., Elema, E. T., van der Klis, H., & Gadella, T. W. J. 1999. Biosystematic, molecular and phytochemical evidence for the multiple origin of sympetaly in Eurasian Sedoideae (Crassulaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 27: 407-426.

"The" - for a group name starting with a definite article, see under the next word of the group's name.

Theis, K. R. [et al. 2016], Dheilly, N. M., Klassen, J. L., Brucker, R. M., Baines, J. F., Bosch, T. C., Cryan, J. F., Gilbert, S. F., Goodnight, C. J., Lloyd, E. A., Sapp, J., Vandenkoornhuyse, P., Zilber-Rosenberg, I., Rosenberg, E., & Bordenstein, S. R. 2016. Getting the hologenome concept right: An eco-evolutionary framework for hosts and their microbiomes. mSystems 1:e00028-16.

Theis, N., & Lerdau, M. 2003. The evolution of function in plant secondary metabolites. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164(3 Suppl.): S93-S102.

Theis, N. [et al. 2008], Donoghue, M. J., & Li, J. 2008. Phylogenetics of the Caprifolieae and Lonicera (Dipsacales) based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 33: 776-783.

Theisen, I., & Barthlott, W. 1994. Micromorphologie der Epicuticularwachse und die Systematik der Gentianales, Rubiales, Dipsacales und Calycerales. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 89: 1-62.

Theisen, I., & Fischer, E. 2004. Myoporaceae. Pp. 289-292, in Kadereit, J. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Theißen, G., & Melzer, R. 2007. Molecular mechanisms underlying origin and diversification of the angiosperm flower. Ann. Bot. 100: 603-619.

Theißen, G., & R¨mpler, F. 2021. Evolution of floral organ identity. Pp. 697-713, in Nuño de la Rosa, L., & Müller, G. B. (eds.), Evolutionary Developmental Biology: A Reference Guide. Springer, Cham.

Theißen, G. [et al. 2001], Münster, T., & Henschel, K. 2001. Why don't mosses flower? New Phytol. 150: 1-8.

Theißen, G. [et al. 2016], Melzer, R., & Rümpler, F. 2016. MADS-domain transcription factors and the floral quartet model of flower development: Linking plant development and evolution. Development 143: 3259-3271. doi: 10.1242/dev.134080

Theobald, W. L. [et al. 1979], Krahulik, J. L., & Rollins, R. C. 1979. Trichome description and classification. Pp. 40-53, in Metcalfe, C. R., & Chalk, L. (eds), Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Second Edition. Volume 1. Systematic Anatomy of Leaf and Stem, With a Brief History of the Subject. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Theron, G. L. [et al. 2023], Anderson, B., Cozien, R. J., Ellis, A. G., Grenier, F., Johnson, S. D., Newman, E., Pauw, A., & van der Niet, T. 2023. We don’t know the half of it: Morphological and molecular evidence reveal dramatic underestimation of diversity in a key pollinator group (Nemestrinidae). Invert. Syst. 37(1): 1-13

Théroux-Rancourt, G. [et al. 2020/2021], Roddy, A. B., Earles, M., Gilbert, M. E., Zwieniecki, M. A., Boyce, C. K., Tholen, D., McElrone, A. J., Simonin, K. A., & Brodersen, C. R. 2020. Maximum CO2 diffusion inside leaves is limited by the scaling of cell size and genome size. bioRχiv http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.16.904458 = Théroux-Rancourt, G. [et al. 2021], Roddy, A. B., Earles, M., Gilbert, M. E., Zwieniecki, M. A., Boyce, C. K., Tholen, D., McElrone, A. J., Simonin, K. A., & Brodersen, C. R. 2021. Maximum CO2 diffusion inside leaves is limited by the scaling of cell size and genome size. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 288:20203145. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3145

Thiede, J. 1995. New aspects of the phtogeogeograpic [sic] relations of the Macaronesian Crassulaceae. Pp. 1121-1143, in Seyani, J. H., & Chikuni, A. C. (eds), Proceedings of the 13th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, vol. 2. National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi, Zomba.

Thiede, J. 1995. Quantitative phytogeography, species richness, and evolution of American Crassulaceae. Pp. 89-123, in 't Hart, H., & Eggli, U. (eds), Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae. Backhuys, Leiden.

Thiede, J. 2006. Penthoraceae. Pp. 292-296, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Thiede, J., & Eggli, U. 2006. Crassulaceae. Pp. 83-118, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales... . Springer, Berlin.

Thiede, J., & Eggli, U. 2020. Agavaceae. Pp. 9-19(-421), in Eggli, U., & Nyffeler, R. (eds), Monocotyledons. Volume 1: Families Agavaceae to Asphodelaceae. Ed. 2. Springer, Berlin.

Thiede, J. [et al. 2007], Schmidt, S. A., & Rudolph, B. 2007. Phylogenetic implication of the chloroplast rpoC1 intron loss in the Aizoaceae (Caryophyllales). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 35: 372-380.

Thiede, J. [et al. 2019], Smith, G. F., & Eggli, U. 2019. Infrageneric classification of Agave L. (Asparagaceae: Agavoideae/Agavaceae): A nomenclatural assessment and updated classification at the rank of section, with new combinations. Bradleya 37: 240-264.

Thiel, S. [et al. 2024]. Gottstein, M., Heymann, E. W., Kroszewski, J., Lieker, N., Shahuano Tello, N., Tschapka, M., Junker, R. R., & Heer, K. 2024. Vertically stratified interactions of nectarivores and nectar-inhabiting bacteria in a liana flowering across forest strata. American J. Bot. 111:e16303. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16303

Thiele, K. R. [et al. 2015], Weston, P. H., & Mast, A. R. 2015. Paraphyly, modern systematics and the transfer of Dryandra into Banksia (Proteaceae): A response to George. Australian Syst. Bot. 28: 194-202.

Thien, L. B. 1980. Patterns of pollination in the primitive angiosperms. Biotropica 12: 1-13.

Thien, L. B. [et al. 1985], Bernhardt, P., Gibbs, G. W., Pellmyr, O., Bergström, G., Groth, I., & McPherson, G. 1985. The pollination of Zygogynum (Winteraceae) by a moth, Sabatinca (Micropterigidae): An ancient association? Science 227: 540-543.

Thien, L. B. [et al. 2000], Azuma, H., & Kawano, S. 2000. New perspectives on the pollination biology of basal angiosperms. Int. J. Plant Sci. 161(6: suppl. [Current Perspectives on Basal Angiosperms]): S225-S235.

Thien, L. B. [et al. 2003], Sage, T. L., Jaffré, T., Bernhardt, P., Pontieri, V., Weston, P., Malloch, D., Azuma, H., Graham, S. W., McPherson, M. A., Rai, H. S., Sage, R. F., & Dupre, J.-L. 2003. The population structure and floral biology of Amborella trichopoda (Amborellaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 90: 466-490.

Thien, L. B. [et al. 2009], Bernhardt, P., Devall, M. S., Chen, Z.-D., Luo, Y.-B., Fan, J.-H., Yuan, L.-C., & Williams, J. H. 2009. Pollination biology of basal angiosperms (ANITA grade). American J. Bot. 96: 166-182.

Thienemann, A. 1935. Die Tierwelt der tropischen Pflanzengewässer. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 13: 1-91, pl. 1-5.

Thieret, J. W. 1967. Supraspecific classification in the Scrophulariaceae: A review. Sida 3: 87-106.

Thieret, J. W. 1971. The genera of Orobanchaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 52: 404-434.

Thieret, J. W. 1975. The Mayacaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 56: 248-255.

Thieret, J. W., & Luken, J. O. 1996. The Typhaceae in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 1(8): 27-56.

Thies, W., & Kalko, E. K. V. 2004. Phenology of Neotropical pepper plants (Piperaceae) and their association with their main dispersers, two short-tailed fruit bats, Carollia perspicillata and C. castanea (Phyllostomidae). Oikos 104: 362-376.

Thines, M., & Voglmayr, H. 2009. An introduction to the white blister rusts (Albuginaceae). Pp. 77-92, in Lamour, K., & Kamoun, S. (eds), Oomycete Genetics and Genomes. Wiley-Blackwell.

Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. 1910. Morphological notes XII. Germination of the double coco-nut. Ann. Bot. 24: 223-230, pl. 19.

Thiv, M. 2004. Carlemmaniceae. Pp. 57-59, in Kadereit, J. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Thiv, M. 2016. Sphenostemonaceae, Vahliaceae. Pp. 363-366, 381-383, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Thiv, M. [et al. 1999], Struwe, L., Albert, V. A., & Kadereit, J. W. 1999. The phylogenetic relationships of Saccifolium bandeirae (Gentianaceae) reconsidered. Harvard Papers Bot. 4: 519-526.

Thiv, M. [et al. 2010], Ghogue, J.-P., Grob, V., Huber, K., Pfeifer, E., & Rutishauser, R. 2010. How to get off the mismatch at the generic rank in African Podostemaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 283: 57-77.

Thodberg, S. [et al. 2018], Del Cueto, J., Mazzeo, R., Pavan, S., Lotti, C., Dicenta, F., Jakobsen Neilson, E. H., Møller, B. L., & Sánchez-Pérez, R. 2018. Elucidation of the amygdalin pathway reveals the metabolic basis of bitter and sweet almonds (Prunus dulcis). Plant Physiol. 178: 1096-1111.

Thode, V. A. [et al. 2013], O'Leary, N., Olmstead, R. G., & Freitas, L. B. 2013. Phylogenetic position of the monotypic genus Verbenoxylum (Verbenaceae) and new combination under Recordia. Syst. Bot. 38: 805-817.

Thode, V. A. [et al. 2018], Sanmartin, I., & Lohmann, L. G. 2019 [= 2018]. Contrasting patterns of diversification between Amazonian and Atlantic forest clades of Neotropical lianas (Amphilophium, Bignonieae) inferred from plastid genomic data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 133: 92-106.

Thode, V. A. [et al. 2021], Dellanhese Inácio, C., Eggers, L., Reginato, M., & Souza-Chies, T. T. 2022 [= 2021]. Spatial-temporal evolution and diversification in Sisyrinchum (Iridaceae) with emphasis on abiotic drivers. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 199: 93-108.

Thomas, A. E. [et al. 2021], Igea, J., Meudt, H. M., Albach, D. C., Lee, W. G., & Tanentzap, A. J. 2021. Using target sequence capture to improve the phylogenetic resolution of a rapid radiation in New Zealand Veronica. American J. Bot. 108: 1289-1306.

Thomas, B. A., & Cleal, C. J. 2022. Pteridophytes as primary colonisers after catastrophic events through geological time and in recent history. Palaeobiodiv. Palaeoenvir. 102: 59-71.

Thomas, B. A., & Spicer, R. A. 1987. The Evolution and Palaeobiology of Land Plants. Croom Helm, London.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2008], Weigend, M., & Hilger, H. H. 2008. Phylogeny and systematics of Lithodora (Boraginaceae-Lithospermeae) and its affinities to the monotypic genera Neatostema, Mairetis, Halacsya and Paramoltkia based on ITS1 and trnLUAA-sequence data and morphology. Taxon 57: 79-97.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2011a], Hughes, M., Phutthai, T., Rajbhandary, S., Rubite, R., Ardi, W. H., & Richardson, J. E. 2011a. A non-coding plastid DNA phylogeny of Asian Begonia (Begoniaceae): Evidence for morphological homoplasy and sectional polyphyly. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 60: 428-444.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2011b], Hughes, M., Phutthai, T., Ardi, W. H., Rajbhandary, S., Rubite, R., Twyford, A. D., & Richardson, J. E. 2012 [= 2011b]. West to east dispersal and subsequent rapid diversification of the mega-diverse genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in the Malesian archipelago. J. Biogeog. 39: 98-113.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2012], Surveswaran, S., Xue, B., Sankowsky, G., Mols, J. B., Keßler, P. J. A., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of the Meiogyne-Fitzalania clade (Annonaceae): Generic paraphyly and late Miocene-Pliocene diversification in Australasia and the Pacific. Taxon 61: 559-575.

Thomas, D. [et al. 2014], Chatrou, L. W., Stull, G. W., Johnson, D. M., Harris, D. J., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2014. The historical origin of palaeotropical intercontinental disjunctions in flowering plants: Insights from the pantropical plant family Annonaceae. P. 7, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2015], Chatrou, L. W., Stull, G. W., Johnson, D. M., Harris, D. J., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2015. The historical origin of palaeotropical intercontinental disjunctions in the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 17: 1-16.

Thomas, D. C. [et al. 2017], Tang, C. C., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2017. Historical biogeography of Goniothalamus and Annonaceae tribe Annoneae: Dispersal-vicariance patterns in tropical Asia and intercontinental tropical disjunctions revisited. J. Biogeog. 44: 2862-2876.

Thomas, E. N. 1907. A theory of the double leaf trace founded on seedling structure. New Phytol. 6: 77-91.

Thomas, J. L. 1960. A monographic study of the Cyrillaceae. Contrib. Gray Herb. Harvard Univ. 186: 3-114.

Thomas, J. L. 1961. The genera of the Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae of the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 42: 96-106.

Thomas, M. M. [et al. 2006], Garwood, N. C., Baker, W. J., Henderson, S. A., Russell, S. J., Hodell, D. R., & Bateman, R. M. 2006. Molecular phylogeny of the palm genus Chamaedorea, based on the low-copy nuclear genes PRK and RPB2. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 38: 398-415.

Thomas, M. M. [et al. 2009], Rudall, P. J., Ellis, A. G., Savolainen, V., & Glover, B. J. 2009. Development of a complex floral trait: The pollinator-attracting petal spots of the beetle daisy, Gorteria diffusa (Asteraceae). American J. Bot. 96: 2184-2196.

Thomas, N. [et al. 2014], Bruhl, J. J., Ford, A., & Weston, P. H. 2014. Molecular dating of Winteraceae reveals a complex biogeographical history involving both ancient Gondwanan vicariance and long-distance dispersal. J. Biogeog. 41: 894-904.

Thomas, R., & Boura, A. 2015. Palm stem anatomy: Phylogenetic or climatic signal? Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 178: 467-488.

Thomas, R., & de Franceschi, D. 2012. First evidence of fossil Cryosophileae (Arecaceae) outside the Americas (early Oligocene and late Miocene of France): Anatomy, palaeobiogeography and evolutionary implications. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 171: 27-39.

Thomas, R., & de Franceschi, D. 2013. Palm stem anatomy and computer-aided identification: The Coryphoideae (Arecaceae). American J. Bot. 100: 289-313.

Thomas, S. K. [et al. 2021], Liu, X., Du, Z.-Y., Dong, Y., Cummings, A., Pokorny, L., Xiang, Q.-Y. (J.), & Leebens-Mack, J. H. 2021. Comprehending Cornales: Phylogenetic reconstruction of the order using the Angiosperms353 probe set. American J. Bot. 108: 1112-1121.

Thomas, V. 1991. Structural, functional and phylogenetic aspects of the colleter. Ann. Bot. 68: 287-305.

Thomas, V., & Dave, Y. 1991. Comparative and phylogenetic significance of the colleters in the family Apocynaceae. Feddes Repert. 102: 177-182.

Thomas, W. W. 1990. The American genera of Simaroubaceae and their distribution. Acta Bot. Brasilica 4: 11-18.

Thomas, W. W. 2004. Picramniaceae (Picramnia family). Pp. 294-295, in Smith, N., Mori, S. A., Henderson, A., Stevenson, D. W., & Heald, S. V., eds, Flowering Plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Thomas, W. W. 2011. Nothotalisia, a new genus of Picramniaceae from tropical America. Brittonia 63: 51-61.

Thomas, W. W. [et al. 2009], Araújo, A. C., & Alves, M. V. 2009. A preliminary molecular phylogeny of the Rhynchosporeae (Cyperaceae). Bot. Review 75: 22-29.

Thomas, W. W. [et al. 2021], Hensold, N., Foster, R., Ree, R. H., & Soares Neto, R. L. 2021. Aenigmanu, a new genus of Picramniaceae from Western Amazonia. Taxon 70: 1239-1247.

Thomasson, J. R., & Voorhies, M. R. 1990. Grasslands and grazers. Pp. 84-87, in Briggs, D. E. G., & Crowther, P. R. (eds), Palaeobiology: A Synthesis. Blackwell, Oxford.

Thomé, O. W. 1889. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, vol. 4. Köhler, Gera-Unturmhaus.

Thompson, B. [et al. 2016], Zheng, B., & Wellmer, F. 2017 [= 2016]. Floral organogenesis: When knowing your ABCs is not enough. Plant Physiol. 173: 56-64. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01288

Thompson, B. E., & Hake, S. 2009. Translational biology: From Arabidopsis flowers to grass inflorescence architecture. Plant Physiol. 149: 38-35.

Thompson, B. E. [et al. 2009], Bartling, L., Whipple, C., Hall, D. H., Sakai, H., Schmidt, R., & Hake, S. 2009. bearded ear encodes a MADS box transcription factor critical for maize floral development. Plant Cell 21: 2578-2590.

Thompson, D. M. 2005. Systematics of Mimulus subg. Schizoplacus (Scrophulariaceae). [Syst. Bot. Monographs 75.] American Society of Pant Taxonomists.

Thompson, E. J., & Fabillo, M. 2021. The impact of multiple molecular and morphological data sets on the phylogenetic reconstruction of subtribe Neurachninae (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae). Aystralian Syst. Bot. 34: 227-251.

Thompson, H. 2012. The chestnut resurrection. Nature 490: 22-23.

Thompson, H. J., & Ernst, W. R. 1967. Floral biology and systematics of Eucnide (Loasaceae). J. Arnold Arbor. 48: 56-88.

Thompson, I. R. 2001. Morphometric analysis and revision of eastern Australian Hovea (Brongniartieae-Fabaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 14: 1-99.

Thompson, I. R. [et al. 2001], Ladiges, P. Y., & Ross, J. H. 2001. Phylogenetic studies in the tribe Brongniartieae (Fabaceae) using nuclear DNA (ITS-1) and morphological data. Syst. Bot. 26: 557-570.

Thompson, J. B. [et al. 2023], Davis, K. E., Dodd, H. O., Wills, M. A., & Priest, N. K. 2023. Speciation across the Earth driven by global cooling in terrestrial orchids. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 120(29):e2102408120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102408120

Thompson, J. D. [et al. 1996], Pailler, T., Strasberg, D., & Manicacci, D. 1996. Tristyly in the endangered Mascarene island endemic Hugonia serrata (Linaceae). American J. Bot. 83: 1160-1167.

Thompson, J. N. 1994. The Coevolutionary Process. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Thompson, J. N. 1998. Rapid evolution as an ecological process. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13: 329-332.

Thompson, J. N. 2005. The Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Thompson, J. N. 2009. The coevolving web of life. American Naturalist 173: 125-150.

Thompson, J. N. [et al. 2013], Schwind, C., Guimarães, P. R. Jr & Friberg, M. 2013. Diversification through multitrait evolution in a coevolving interaction. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 110: 11487-11492.

Thompson, J. N. [et al. 2017], Schwind, C., & Friberg, M. 2017. Diversification of trait combinations in coevolving plant and insect lineages. American Naturalist 190: 171-184.

Thompson, M. F. 1976. Studies in the Hypoxidaceae I. Vegetative morphology and anatomy. Bothalia 12: 111-117.

Thompson, M. F. 1978. Studies in the Hypoxidaceae II. Floral morphology and anatomy. Bothalia 12: 429-435.

Thomson, A. M. [et al. 2018], Vargas, O. M., & Dick, C. W. 2018. Complete plastome sequences from Bertholletia excelsa and 23 related species yield informative markers for Lecythidaceae. Applic. Plant Sci. 6(5):e1151. doi: 10.1002/aps3.1151

Thomson, B. F. 1942. The floral morphology of the Caryophyllaceae. American J. Bot. 29: 333-349.

Thomson, J. D., & Wilson, P. 2008. Explaining evolutionary shifts between bee and hummingbird pollination: Convergence, divergence, and directionality. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 23-38.

Thomson, J. D. [et al. 2000], Wilson, P., Valenzuela, M., & Malzone, M. 2000. Pollen presentation and pollinator syndromes, with special reference to Penstemon. Plant Species Biol. 15: 11-29.

Thomson, R. B. 1913. On the comparative anatomy and affinities of the Araucariaceae. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. London 204: 1-50.

Thomson S. A. [et al. 2018], Pyle, R. L., Ahyong, S. T., Alonso-Zarazaga, M., Ammirati, J., Araya, J. F., Ascher, J. S., Audisio, T. L., Azevedo-Santos, V. M., Bailly, N., Baker, W. J., Balke, M., Barclay, M. V. L., Barrett, R. L., Benine, R. C., Bickerstaff, J. R. M., Bouchard, P., Bour, R., Bourgoin, T., Boyko, C. B., Breure, A. S. H., Brothers, D. J., Byng, J. W., Campbell, D., Ceríaco, L. M. P., Cernák, I., Cerretti, P., Chang, C.-H., Cho, S., Copus, J. M., Costello, M. J., Cseh, A., Csuzdi, C., Culham, A., D'Elía, G., d'Acoz, C. d'U., Daneliya, M. E., Dekker, R., Dickinson, E. C., Dickinson, T. A., van Dijk, P. P., Dijkstra, K.-D. B., Dima, B., Dmitriev, D. A., Duistermaat, L., Dumbacher, J. P., Eiserhardt, W. L., Ekrem, T., Evenhuis, N. L., Faille, A., Fernández-Triana, J. L., Fiesler, E., Fishbein, M., Fordham, B. G., Freitas, A. V. L., Friol, N. R., Fritz, U., Frøslev, T., Funk, V. A., Gaimari, S. D., Garbino, G. S. T., Garraffoni, A. R. S., Geml, J., Gill, A. C., Gray, A., Grazziotin, F. G., Greenslade, P., Gutiérrez, E. E., Harvey, M. S., Hazevoet, C. J., He, K., He, X., Helfer, S., Helgen, K. M., van Heteren, A. H., Garcia, F. H., Holstein, N., Horváth, M. K., Hovenkamp, P. H., Hwang, W. S., Hyvönen, J., Islam, M. B., Iverson, J. B., Ivie, M. A., Jaafar, Z., Jackson, M. D., Jayat, J. P., Johnson, N. F., Kaiser, H., Klitgård, B. B., Knapp, D. G., Kojima, J.-i., Köljalg, U., Kontschán, J., Krell, F.-T., Krisai-Greilhuber, I., Kullander, S., Latella, L., Lattke, J. E., Lencioni, V., Lewis, G. P., Lhano, M. G., Lujan, N. K., Luksenburg, J. A., Mariaux, J., Marinho-Filho, J., Marshall, C. J., Mate, J. F., McDonough, M. M., Michel, E., Miranda, V. F. O., Mitroiu, M.-D., Molinari, J., Monks, S., Moore, A. J., Moratelli, R., Murányi, D., Nakano, T., Nikolaeva, S., Noyes, J., Ohl, M., Oleas, N. H., Orrell, T., Páll-Gergely, B., Pape, T., Papp, V., Parenti, L. R., Patterson, D., Pavlinov, I. Y., Pine, R. H., Poczai, P., Prado, J., Prathapan, D., Rabeler, R. K., Randall, J. E., Rheindt, F. E., Rhodin, A. G. J., Rodríguez, S. M., Rogers, D. C., Roque, F. de O., Rowe, K. C., Ruedas, L. A., Salazar-Bravo, J., Salvador, R. B., Sangster, G., Sarmiento, C. E., Schigel, D. S., Schmidt, S., Schueler, F. W., Segers, H., Snow, N., Souza-Dias, P. G. B., Stals, R., Stenroos, S., Stone, R. D., Sturm, C. F., Stys, P., Teta, P., Thomas, D. C., Timm, R. M., Tindall, B. J., Todd, J. A., Triebel, D., Valdecasas, A. G., Vizzini, A., Vorontsova, M. S., de Vos, J. M., Wagner, P., Watling, L., Weakley, A., Welter-Schultes, F., Whitmore, D., Wilding, N., Will, K., Williams, J., Wilson, K., Winston, J. E., Wüster, W., Yanega, D., Yeates, D. K., Zaher, H., Zhang, G., Zhang, Z.-Q., & Zhou, H.-Z. 2018. Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation. PLoS Biol. 16(3):e2005075. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005075

Thomson, W. W. [et al. 1969], Berry, W. L., & Liu, L. L. 1969. Localization and secretion of salt by the salt glands of Tamarix aphylla. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 63: 310-317.

Thorhaug, A. L. [et al. 2018], Poulos, H. M., López-Portillo, J., Barr, J., Lara-Domínguez, A. L., Ku, T. C., & Berlin, G. P. 2019 [= 2018]. Gulf of Mexico estuariene blue carbon stock, extent and flux: Mangroves, marshes, and seagrasses: A North American hotspot. Sci. Total Environ. 653: 1253-1261.

Thorley, R. M. S. [et al. 2015], Taylor, L. L., Banwart, S. A., Leake, J. R., & Beerling, D. J. 2015. The role of forest trees and their mycorrhizal fungi in carbonate rock weathering and its significance for global carbon cycling. Plant Cell. Environ. 38: 1947-1961.

Thorne, R. F. 1968. Synopsis of a putatively phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants. Aliso6 (4): 57-66.

Thorne, R. F. 1973. Floristic relationships between tropical Africa and tropical America. Pp. 27-47, in Meggers, B. J., Ayensu, E. S., & Duckworth, D. (eds), Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: A Comparative Review. Smithsonian Institution, Washington.

Thorne, R. F. 1972. Major disjunctions in the geographic ranges of seed plants. Quart. Review Biol. 47: 365-411.

Thorne, R. F. 1976. A phylogenetic classification of the Angiospermae. Evol. Biol. 9: 35-106.

Thorne, R. F. 1992. Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Review 58: 225-348.

Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the monocotyledon subclasses Alismatidae, Liliidae, and Comelinidae. Pp. 75-124, in Nordenstam, B., El Ghazaly, G., & Kassas, M. (eds), Plant Systematics for the 21st Century. Portland, Oregon.

Thorne, R. F. 2000 [2001.] The classification and geography of flowering plants: Dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). Bot. Review 66: 441-647.

Thorne, R. F. 2007. An updated classification of the class Magnolipsida ("Angiospermae"). Bot. Review 73: 67-182. ["with many nomenclatural additions by James L. Reveal."; for online version, see http://www.rsabg.org/content/view/50/144/]

Thorne, R. F., & Scogin, R. 1978. Forsellesia Greene (Glossopetalon Gray), a third genus in the Crossosomataceae, Rosineae, Rosales. Aliso 9: 171-178.

Thornhill, A. H., & Crisp, M. D. 2012. Phylogenetic assessment of pollen characters in Myrtaceae. Australian Syst. Bot. 25: 171-187.

Thornhill, A. H., & Macphail, M. 2012. Fossil myrtaceous pollen as evidence for the evolutionary history of Myrtaceae: A review of fossil Myrtaceidites species. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 176-177: 1-23.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2012a], Popple, L. W., Carter, R. J., Ho, S. Y. W., & Crisp, M. D. 2012a. Are pollen fossils useful for calibrating relaxed molecular clock dating of phylogenies? A comparative study using Myrtaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 63: 15-27.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2012b], Hope, G. S., Craven, L. A., & Crisp, M. D. 2012b. Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 1: tribes Eucalypteae, Lophostemoneae, Syncarpieae, Xanthostemoneae and subfamily Psiloxyloideae. Australian J. Bot. 60: 165-199.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2012c], Hope, G. S., Craven, L. A., & Crisp, M. D. 2012c. Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 2: tribes Backhousieae, Melaleucieae, Metrosidereae, Osbornieae and Syzygieae. Australian J. Bot. 60: 200-224.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2012d], Wilson, P. G., Drudge, J., Barrett, M. D., Hope, G. S., Craven, L. A., & Crisp, M. D. 2012b. Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 3: tribes Chamaelaucieae, Leptospermeae and Lindsayomyrteae. Australian J. Bot. 60: 225-259.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2012e], Hope, G. S., Craven, L. A., & Crisp, M. D. 2012e. Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 4: tribes Kanieae, Myrteae and Tristanieae. Australian J. Bot. 60: 260-289.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2015], Ho, S. Y. W., Külheim, C., & Crisp, M. D. 2015. Interpreting the modern distribution of Myrtaceae using a dated molecular phylogeny. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 93: 29-43.

Thornhill, A. H. [et al. 2019], Crisp, M. D., Külheim, C., Lam, K. E., Nelson, L. A., Yeates, D. K., & Miller, J. T. 2019. A dated molecular perspective of eucalypt taxonomy, evolution and diversification. Australian Syst. Bot. 32: 29-48.

Thorogood, C., & Bauer, U. 2020. Shedding light on photosynthesis in carnivorous plants: A commentary on 'Nepenthes x ventrata photosynthesis under different nutrient applications.' Ann. Bot. 126: doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa092 - see Capó-Bauçà et al. 2020.

Thorogood, C., & Rumsey, F. 2021. Broomrapes of Britain & Ireland. Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. [BSBI Handbook 22.]

Thorogood, C. [et al. 2018], Dalton, N., Irvine, A,, & Hiscock, S. 2018. The reproductive biology of two poorly known relatives of the fig (Ficus) and insights into the evolution of the fig syconium. Nordic J. Bot. 2018:e01832. doi: 10.1111/njb.01832

Thorogood, C. J. 2019. Oxygyne: An extraordinarily elusive flower. Plants, People, Planet 1: 67-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.26

Thorogood, C. J., & Hiscock, S. J. 2010. Compatibility interactions at the cellular level provide the basis for host specificity in the parasitic plant Orobanche. New Phytol. 186: 571-575.

Thorogood, C. J. [et al. 2009], Rumsey, F. J., & Hiscock, S. J. 2009. Host-specific races in the parasitic angiosperm Orobanche minor: Implications for speciation in parasitic plants. Ann. Bot. 103: 1005-1014.

Thorogood, C. J. [et al. 2017], Bauer, U., & Hiscock, S. J. 2018 [= 2017]. Convergent and divergent evolution in carnivorous pitcher plant traps. New Phytol. 217: 1035-1041. doi:10.1111/nph.14879

Thorogood, C. J. [et al. 2021], Teixeira-Costa, L., Ceccantini, G., Davis, C., & Hiscock, S. J. 2021, Endoparasitic plants and fungi show evolutionary convergence across phylogenetic divisions. New Phytol. 232: 1159-1167. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17556

Thostesen, A. M., & Olesen, J. M. 1996. Pollen removal and deposition by specialist and generalist bumblebees in Aconitum septentrionale. Oikos 77: 77-84.

Thouvenin, M. 1890. Recherches sur la structure des Saxifragacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 7, 12: 1-174, pl. 1-22.

Thulin, M. 1975. The genus Wahlenbergia s. lat. (Campanulaceae) in tropical Africa and Madagascar. Symb. Bot. Upsalienses 21: 1-223.

Thulin, M. 1978. Cyphia (Lobeliaceae) in tropical Africa. Bot. Notis. 131: 455-471.

Thulin, M., & Johansson, A. N. B. 1996. Taxonomy and biogeography of the anomalous genus Wellstedia. Pp. 73-86, in van der Maesen, L. J. G., van der Burg, X. M., & vander Medenbach de Rooy, J. M. (eds), The Biodiversity of African Plants. Kluwer, Utrecht.

Thulin, M. [et al. 1998], Bremer, B., Richardson, J., Niklasson, J., Fay, M. F., & Chase, M. W. 1998. Family relationships of the enigmatic rosid genera Barbeya and Dirachma from the Horn of Africa region. Plant Syst. Evol. 213: 103-119.

Thulin, M. [et al. 2008], Beier, B.-A., Razafimandimbison, S. G., & Banks, H. I. 2008. Ambilobea, a new genus from Madagsacar, the position of Aucoumea, and comments on the tribal classification of the frankincense and myrrh family (Burseraceae). Nordic J. Bot. 26: 218-229.

Thulin, M. [et al. 2012a], Thiede, J., & Liede-Schumann, S. 2012a. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Tribulocarpus (Aizoaceae): A paraphyletic species and an adaptive shift from zoochorous trample burrs to anemochorous nuts. Taxon 61: 55-66.

Thulin, M. [et al. 2012b], Razafimandimbison, S. G., Chafe, P., Heidari, N., Kool, A., & Shore, J. K. 2012b. Phylogeny of the Turneraceae clade (Passifloraceae s.l.): Trans-Atlantic disjunctions and two new genera in Africa. Taxon 61: 308-323.

Thulin, M. [et al. 2016], Moore, A. J., El-Seedi, H., Larsson, A., Christin, P.-A., & Edwards, E. J. 2016. Phylogeny and generic delimitation in Molluginaceae, new pigment data in Caryophyllales, and the new family Corbichoniaceae. Taxon 65: 775-793.

Thulin, M. [et al. 2018], Larsson, A., Edwards, E. J., & Moore, A. J. 2018. Phylogeny and systematics of Kewa (Kewaceae). Syst. Bot. 43: 689-700.

Thummel, R. V. [et al. 2019], Brightly, W. H., & Strömberg, C. A. E. 2019. Evolution of phytolith deposition in modern bryophytes, and implications for the fossil record and influence on silica cycle in early land plant evolution. New Phytol. 221: 2273-2285.

Thureborn, O. [et al. 2019], Razafimandimbison, S. G., Wikström, N., Khobabandeh, A., & Rydin, C. 2019. Phylogeny of Anthospermeae of the coffee family inferred using clock and nonclock models. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 180: 386-402.

Thureborn, O. [et al. 2022], Razafimandimbison, S. G., Wikström, N., & Rydin, C. 2022. Target capture data resolve recalcitrant relationships in the coffee family (Rubioideae, Rubiaceae). Front. Plant Sci. 13:967456.

Thureborn, O. [et al. 2024a], Wikström, N., Razafimandimbison, S. G., & Rydin, C. 2024a. Phylogenomics and topological conflicts in thetribe Anthospermeae (Rubiaceae). Ecol. Evol. 14(1):e10868. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10868

Thureborn, O. [et al. 2024b], Wikström, N., Razafimandimbison, S. G., & Rydin, C. 2024b. Plastid phylogenomics and cytonuclear discordance in Rubioideae, Rubiaceae. bioRxiv 2024.01.17.576054. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.17.576054 = Thureborn, O. [et al. 2024b], Wikström, N., Razafimandimbison, S. G., & Rydin, C. 2024b. Plastid phylogenomics and cytonuclear discordance in Rubioideae, Rubiaceae. PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302365

Tiagi, B. 1951. A contribution to the morphology and embryology of Cuscuta hyalina Roth and C. planiflora Tenore. Phytomorph. 1: 9-21.

Tiagi, B. 1963. Studies of the family Orobanchaceae: IV. Embryology of Boschniakia himalaica Hook. and B. tuberosa (Hook.) Jepson, with remarks on the evolution of the family. Bot. Notis. 116: 81-93.

Tiagi, Y. D. 1955. Studies in floral morphology II. Vascular anatomy of the flowers of certain species of Cuscuta. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 34: 408-428.

Tiagi, Y. D. 1963a. Studies in floral morphology VIII. A further study of vascular anatomy of the flower of certain species of the Cactaceae. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 42: 559-573.

Tiagi, Y. D. 1963b. Vascular anatomy of the flower of certain species of the Calycanthaceae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 55B: 224-234.

Tiagi, Y. D. 1970. Cactaceae, Paeoniaceae. Indian National Sci. Acad. Bull. [Symposium: Comparative Embryology of Angiosperms] 41: 29-35, 53-58.

Tian, C. [et al. 2010], Kasiborski, B., Koul, R., Lammers, P. J., Bücking, H., & Shachar-Hill, Y. 2010. Regulation of the nitrogen transfer pathway in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: Gene characterization and the coordination of expression with nitrogen flux. Plant Physiol. 153: 1175-1187.

Tian, H. [et al. 2000], Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Helfrich, J. III, Moore, B. III, & Vörösmarty, C. J. 2000. Climatic and biotic controls on annual carbon storage in Amazonian ecosystems. Global Ecol. Biogeog. 9: 315-335.

Tian, J. [et al. 2004], Liu, K., & Hu, G. 2004. Pollination ecology and pollination system of Impatiens reptans (Balsaminaceae) endemic to China. Ann. Bot. 93: 167-175. doi: 10.1093/aob/mch013

Tian, Q. [et al. 2024], Stull, G. W., Kellermann, J., Medan, D., Nge, F. J., Liu, S.-Y., Kates, H. R., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Guralnick, R. P., Folk, R. A., Onstein, R. E., & Yi, T.-S. 2024. Rapid in situ diversification rates in Rhamnaceae explain the parallel evolution of high diversity in temperate biomes from global to local scales. New Phytol. 241: 1851-1865. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19504

Tian, X. [et al. 2006], Zhang, L., & Ren, Y. 2006. Development of flowers and inflorescences of Circaeaster (Circaeasteraceae, Ranunculales). Plant Syst. Evol. 256: 89-96.

Tian, X. [= Xinmin] [et al. 2011], Luo, J., Wang, A., Mao, K., & Liu, J. 2011. On the origin of the woody buckwheat Fagopyrum tibeticum (= Parapteropyrum tibeticum) in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 61: 515-520.

Tian, X. [= Xueyi] [et al. 2017], Zou, P., Miao, M., Ning, Z., & Liao, J. 2018 [= 2017]. RNA-Seq analysis reveals the distinctive adaxial-abaxial polarity in the asymmetric one-theca stamen of Canna indica. Molec. Genet. Genomics 293: 391-400. doi: 10.1007/s00438-017-1392-3

Tian, X. [et al. 2021], Yu, Q., Lin, C., Zhao, T., Zou, P., & Liao, J. 2021. Why pendulum symmetry is absent from the cymose partial inflorescences of Cannaceae? Insights into the essential characteristic of cincinni. J. Plant Res. 134: 797-802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-021-01286-4

Tian, Y. [et al. 2021], Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Liu, H., & Wang, Z. 2021. Research progress in plant molecular systematics of Lauraceae. Biology 10:391. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10050391

Tian, Y.-M. [et al. 2021], Huang, J., Su, T., & Zhang, S.-T. 2021. Early Oligocene Itea (Iteaceae) leaves from East Asia and their biogeographic implications. Plant Divers. 43: 142-151.

Tian, Z. [et al. 2021], Xu, B., Wan, G., Han, X., Di, Z., Chen, Z., & Mei, Y. 2021. Gaussian-preserved, non-volatile shape morphing in three-dimensional microstructures for dual-function electronic devices. Nature Communic. 12:509. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20843-4

Tibbetts, T. J., & Ewers, F. W. 2000. Root pressure and speciifc conductivity in temperate lianas: Exotic Celastrus orbiculatus (Celastraceae) vs. native Vitis riparia (Vitaceae). American J. Bot. 87: 1272-1278.

Tiemann, A. 1985. Untersuchungen zur Embryologie, Blütenmorphologie und Systematik der Rapataceen und der Xyridaceen-Gattung Abolboda (Monocotyledonae). J. Cramer, Vaduz. [Dissertationes Botanicae 52.]

Tierney, J. A. [et al. 2019], Hedin, L. O., & Wurzburger, N. 2019. Nitrogen fixation does not balance fire-induced nitrogen losses in longleaf pine savannas. Ecology 100(7):e02735. 10.1002/ecy.2735

Tietje, M. [et al. 2022], Antonelli, A., Baker, W. J., Govaerts, R., Smith, S. A., & Eiserhardt, W. L. 2022. Global variation in diversification rate and species richness are unlinked in plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 119(27):e2120662119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120662119

Tiffney, B. H. 1979. Fruits and seeds of the Brandon lignite III. Turpinia (Staphyleaceae). Brittonia 31: 39-51.

Tiffney, B. H. 1984. Seed size, dispersal syndromes, and the rise of the angiosperms: Evidence and hypothesis. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 551-576.

Tiffney, B. H. 1985a. Perspectives on the origin of the floristic similarity between eastern Asia and eastern North America. J. Arnold. Arbor. 66: 73-94.

Tiffney, B. H. 1985b. The Eocene North Atlantic land bridge: Its importance in Tertiary and modern phytogeography of the northern hemisphere. J. Arnold Arbor. 66: 243-273.

Tiffney, B. H. 1986a. Fruit and seed dispersal and the evolution of the Hamamelidae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 394-416.

Tiffney, B. H. 1986b. Evolution of seed dispersal syndromes according to the fossil record. Pp. 274-305, in Murray, D. R. (ed.), Seed Dispersal. Academic Press, Sydney.

Tiffney, B. H. 2004. Vertebrate dispersal of seed plants through time. Annual Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 35: 1-29.

Tiffney, B. H., & Manchester, S. R. 2001. The use of geological and paleontological evidence in evaluating plant phylogeographic hypotheses in the Northern Hemisphere Tertiary. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 162(Suppl.): S3-S17.

Tikhomirov, V. N., & Sladkov, A. N. (eds). 1990. Morphology of the Centrosperms as a Source of Evolutionary Information. Nauka, Moscow. [In Russian.]

Tiley, G. P. [et al. 2021], Crowl A. A., Manos P. S., Sessa E. B., Solís‐Lemus C., Yoder A. D., & Burleigh J. G. 2021. Phasing alleles improves network inference with allopolyploids. bioRxiv 10.1101/2021.05.04.442457

Tillich, H.-J. 1985. Keimlingsbau und verwandtschaftliche Bezeihungen der Araceae. Gleditschia 13: 63-73.

Tillich, H.-J. 1990. Die Keimpflanzen der Nymphaeaceae - monocotyl oder dicotyl? Flora 184: 169-176.

Tillich, H.-J. 1992. Bauprinzipien und Evolutionslinien bei monocotylen Keimpflanzen. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 114: 91-132.

Tillich, H.-J. 1994. Untersuchungen zum Bau der keimpflanzen der Philydraceae und Pontederiaceae (Monocotyledonae). Sendtnera 2: 171-186.

Tillich, H.-J. 1995 [= 1996a]. Früchte, Samen und Keimpflanzen bei den Cyanastraceae Engler 1900 and einiger vermuteten Verwandten. Feddes Repert. 106: 483-493.

Tillich, H.-J. 1996b. Seeds and seedlings in Hanguanaceae and Flagellariaceae (monocotyledons). Sendtnera 3: 187-197.

Tillich, H.-J. 1998. Development and organization. Pp. 1-19, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. III. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Tillich, H.-J. 2000. Ancestral and derived character states in seedlings of monocotyledons. Pp. 221-229, in Wilson, K. L., & Morrison, D. A. (eds), Monocots: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Collingwood.

Tillich, H.-J. 2003a. Seedling morphology in Iridaceae: Indications for relationships within the family and to related families. Flora 198: 220-242.

Tillich, H.-J. 2003b. Seedling diversity in Araceae and its systematic implications. Feddes Repert. 114: 454-487.

Tillich, H.-J. 2007. Seedling diversity and homologies of seedling organs in the order Poales (monocotyledons). Ann. Bot. 100: 1413-1429.

Tillich, H.-J. 2014. A new look at seedlings of Araceae. Aroideana 37: 47-60.

Tillich, H.-J. 2023. 200 years Aspidistra (Asparagaceae), and now more than 200 species: A new comprehensive determination key, and an annotated bibliography of the genus. Nordic J. Bot. 2023(3):e03818. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.03818

Tillich, H.-J., & Sill, E. 1999. Morphological and anatomical systematics of Hanguana Blume (Hanguanaceae) and Flagellaria L. (Flagellariaceae) with a description of a new species, Hanguana bogneri spec. nov. Sendtnera 6: 215-238.

Tillich, H.-J. [et al. 2007], Tuckett, R., & Facher, E. 2007. Do Hydatellaceae belong to the monocotyledons or basal angiosperms? Evidence from seedling morphology. Willdenowia 37: 399-406.

Tillie, N. [et al. 2001], Chase, M. W., & Hall, T. 2001. Molecular studies in the genus Iris: A preliminary study. Annali Bot. n.s. 1: 105-112.

Tilmon, K. J. (ed.). 2008. Specialization, Speciation and Radiation: The Evolutionary Biology of Herbivorous Insects. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Tilney, P. M. 2002. A contribution to the leaf and young stem anatomy of the Combretaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 138: 163-196.

Tilney, P. M. [et al. 2011], van der Merwe, C. F., & van Wyk, A. E. 2011. The structure of the pollen presenter in selected southern African members of the tribe Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae). P. 677, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Tilney, P. M. [et al. 2014], van Wyk, A. E., & van der Merwe, C. F. 2014. The epidermal cell structure of the secondary pollen presenter in Vangueria infausta (Rubiaceae: Vanguerieae) suggests a functional association with protruding onci in pollen grains. PLoS ONE 9(5):e96405. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096405

Tilney-Bassett, R. A. E. 1986. Plant Chimeras. Edward Arnold, London.

Tilney-Bassett, R. A. E., & Birky, C. W. 1981. The mechanism of mixed inheritance of chloroplast genes in Pelargonium: Evidence from gene frequency distributions among the progeny of crosses. Theor. Appl. Genet. 60: 43-53.

Timberlake, J. [et al. 2010], Chidumayo, E., & Sawadogo, L. 2010. Distribution and characteristics of African dry forests and woodlands. Pp. 11-41, in Chidumayo, E. N., & Gumbo, D. J. (eds), The Dry Forests and Woodlands of Africa Managing for Products and Services. Earthscan, London.

TimeTree, The Timescale of Life.

Timell, T. E. 1986. Compression Wood in Gymnosperms. Volumes 1-3. Springer, Berlin.

Timerman, D., & Barrett, S. C. H. 2018. Divergent selection on the biomechanical properties of stamens under wind and insect pollination. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 285:20182251. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2251

Timerman, D., & Barrett, S. C. H. 2019. Comparative analysis of pollen release biomechanics in Thalictrum: Implications for evolutionary transitions between animal and wind pollination. New Phytol. 224: 1121-1132.

Timilsena, P. R. [et al. 2022a], Wafula, E. K., Barrett, C. F., Ayyampalayam, S., McNeal, J. R., Rentsch, J. D., McKain, M. R., Heyduk, K., Harkess, A., Villegente, M., Conran, J. G., Illing, N., Fogliani, B., Ané, C., Pires, J. C., Davis, J. I., Zomlefer, W. B., Stevenson, D. W., Graham, S. W., Givnish, T. J., Leebens-Mack, J., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2022b. Phylogenomic resolution of order- and family-level monocot relationships using 602 single-copy nuclear genes and 1375 BUSCO genes. Front. Plant Sci. 13:876779. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876779

Timilsena, P. R. [et al. 2022b], Barrett, C. F., Nelson, A. P., Wafula, E. K., Ayyampalayam, S., McNeal, J. R., Yukawa, T., Givnish, T. J., Graham, S. W., Pires, J. C., Davis, J. I., Ané, C., Stevenson, D. W., Graham, S. W., Givnish, T. J., Leebens-Mack, J., Martínez-Salas, E., Álvarez-Buylla, E. R., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2023 [= 2022b]. Phylotranscriptomic analyses of mycoheterotrophic monocots show a continuum of convergent evolutionary changes in expressed nuclear genes from three independent nonphotosynthetic lineages. Genome Biol. Evol. 15:evac183. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evac183

Timko, M. P., & Scholes, J. D. 2013. Host reaction to attack by root parasitic plants. Pp. 115-141, in Joel, D. M., Gressel, J., & Musselman, L. J. (eds), Parasitic Orobanchaceae. Parasitic Mechanisms and Control Strategies. Springer, Berlin.

Timling, I., & Taylor, D. L. 2012. Peeking through a frosty window: Molecular insights into the ecology of Arctic soil. Fungal Ecol. 5: 419-429.

Timling, I. [et al. 2012], Dahlberg, A., & Walker, D. 2012. Distribution and drivers of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities across the North American Arctic. Ecosphere 3: 1-25.

Timme, R. E., & delwiche, C. F. 2010. Uncovering the evolutionary origin of plant molecular processes: Comparison of Coleochaete (Coleochaetales) and Spirogyra (Zygnematales) transcriptomes. BMC Plant Biol. 10:96. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/10/96

Timme, R. [et al. 2005], Kuehl, J. V., Boore, J. L., & Jansen, R. K. 2005. The first sequenced chloroplast genomes in the Asteraceae: A comparison of sunflower and lettuce. P. 145, in Botany 2005. Learning from Plants. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Timme, R. E. [et al. 2007], Simpson, B. B., & Linder, C. R. 2007. High-resolution phylogeny for Helianthus (Asteraceae) using the 18S-26S ribosomal DNA external transcribed spacer. American J. Bot. 94: 1837-1852.

Timme, R. E. [et al. 2012], Bachvaroff, T. R., & Delwiche, C. F. 2012. Broad phylogenomic sampling and the sister lineage of land plants. PLoS ONE 7(1):e29696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029696

Timmons, S. A. 2006. Ontogeny and Phylogenetic Trends in the Grape Family (Vitaceae): Cissus and Vitis Genera. M. Sci. Thesis, University of Guelph.

Timmons, S. A. [et al. 2007], Posluszny, U., & Gerrath, J. M. 2007. Morphological and anatomical development in the Vitaceae. X. Comparative ontogeny and phylogenetic implications of Cissus quadrangularis L. Canadian J. Bot. 85: 860-872.

Timoneda, A. [et al. 2019], Feng, T., Sheehan, H., Walker-Hale, N., Pucker, B., Lopez-Nieves, S., Guo, R., & Brockington, S. 2019. The evolution of betalain synthesis in Caryophyllales. New Phytol. 224: 71-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15980

Timonin, A. C. 2021. Remote evolutionary constraint to the vascular cambium of seed plants. Wulfenia 28: 1-17.

Timonin, A. C. [et al. 2015], Ozerova, L. V., & Schanzer, L. A. 2015. Evolution of the succulent organization of the southern African Senecioneae (Asteraceae). Biol. Bull. Reviews 5: 17-27.

Timonin, A. K. 2011. Anomalous Secondary Thickening in the Root and Stem of Centrosperms: Specifics of Morpho-Functional Evolution in Plants. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow. [In Russian.]

Ting, I. P. [et al. 1996], Patel, A., Kaur, S., Hann, J., & Walling, L. 1996. Ontogenetic development of crassulacean acid metabolism as modified by water stress in Peperomia. Pp. 204-215, in Winter, C., & Smith, J. A. C. (eds), Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Biochemistry, Ecophysiology and Evolution. Springer. [Ecological Studies, Vol. 114.]

Tinner, W. [et al. 2013], Colombaroli, D., Heiri, O., Henne, P. D., Steinacher, M., Untenecker, J., Vescovi, E., Allen, J. R. M., Carraro, G., Conedera, M., Joos, F, Lotter, A. F., Luterbacher, J., Samartin, S., & Valsecchi, V. 2013. The past ecology of Abies alba provides new perspectives on future responses of silver fir forests to global warming. Ecol. Monogr.: 419-439. doi:10.1890/12-2231.1

Tinoco, B. A. [et al. 2016], Graham, C. H., Aguilar, J. M., & Schleuning, M. 2016. Effects of hummingbird morphology on specialization in pollination networks vary with resource availability. Oikos doi: 10.1011/oik.02998

Tippery, N. P., & Les, D. H. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region in Menyanthaceae using predicted secondary stucture. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 49: 526-537.

Tippery. N. P., & Les, D. H. 2009. A new genus and new combinations in Australian Villarsia (Menyanthaceae). Novon 19: 404-411.

Tippery, N. P., & Les, D. H. 2011. Phylogenetic relationships and morphological evolution in Nymphoides (Menyanthaceae). Syst. Bot. 36: 1101-1113.

Tippery, N. P., & Les, D. H. 2020. Tiny plants with enormous potential: Phylogeny and evolution of duckweeds. Pp. 19-38, in Cao, X. H., Fourounjian, P., & Wang, W. (eds), The Duckweed Genomes. Springer Nature, Switzerland.

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2006], Les, D. H., Padgett, D., & Jacobs, S. W. L. 2006. Clades and grades: An evaluation of generic circumscriptions in Menyanthaceae Dumort. (Asterales). Pp. 262-263, in Botany 2006 - Looking to the Future - Conserving the Past. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2008], Les, D. H., Padgett, D. J., & Jacobs, S. W. L. 2008. Generic circumscription in Menyanthaceae: A phylogenetic evaluation. Syst. Bot. 33: 598-612.

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2011], Philbrick, C. T., Bove, C. P., & Les, D. H. 2011. Systematics and phylogeny of Neotropical riverweeds (Podostemaceae: Podostemoideae). Syst. Bot. 36: 105-118.

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2015], Les, D. H., & Crawford, D. J. 2015. Evaluation of phylogenetic relationships in Lemnaceae using nuclear ribosomal data. Plant Biol. 17:

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2021], Les, D. H., Appenroth, K. J., Sree, K. S., Crawford, D. J., & Bog, M. 2021. Lemnaceae and Orontiaceae are phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from Araceae. Plants 10(12):2639. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10122639

Tippery, N. P. [et al. 2024], Gonzalez-Socoloske, D., Leliaert, F., Thompson, T. A., Scatigna, A. V., & Souza, V. C. 2024. Systematics and biogeography of Bacopa (Plantaginaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 310:7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-023-01884-w

Tipple, B. J., & Pagani, M. 2007. The early origins of terrestrial C4 photosynthesis. Annual Review Earth Planet. Sci. 35: 435-461.

Tippo, O. 1938. Comparative anatomy of the Moraceae and their presumed allies. Bot. Gaz. 100: 1-99.

Tirel, C. 1996. Rétablissement de Periomphale Baill. (Alseuosmiaceae) genre endémique de Nouvelle Caledonie. Bull. Mus. National Hist. Naturelle Paris 4e sér. sect. B, Adansonia 18: 155-160.

Tirvengadum, D. D. 1984. Glionettia, nouveau genre de Rubiacées (Rondélétiées) des Seychelles. Bull. Mus. Nationale Hist. Naturelle Paris, 4e sér, sect. B, Adansonia 6: 197-205.

Tischler, G. 1915. Die Periplasmodiumbildung in den Antheren der Commelinaceen und Ausblicke auf das Verhalten der Tapetenzellen bei den übrigen Monokotylen. Jahrb. Wissen. Bot. 55: 52-90, pl. 1.

Tischler, G. 1917. Über die Entwicklung und phylogenetische Bedeutung des Embryosacks von Lythrum salicaria. Ber. Deutsche Bot. Gesell. 35: 233-246, + pl. 4.

Tisserant, E. [et al. 2013], Malbreil, M., Kuo, A., Kohler, A., Symeonidi, A., Balestrini, R., Charron, P., Duensing, N., Frei Dit Frey, N., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., Gilbert, L. B., Handa, Y., Herr, J. R., Hijri, M., Koul, R., Kawaguchi, M., Krajinski, F., Lammers, P. J., Masclaux, F. G., Murat, C., Morin, E., Ndikumana, S., Pagni, M., Petitpierre, D., Requena, N., Rosikiewicz, P., Riley, R., Saito, K., San Clemente, H., Shapiro, H., van Tuinen, D., Bécard, G., Bonfante, P., Paszkowski, U., Shachar-Hill, Y. Y., Tuskan, G. A., Young, J. P. W., Sanders, I. R., Henrissat, B., Rensing, S. A., Grigoriev, I. V., Corradi, N., Roux, C., & Martin, F. 2013. Genome of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus provides insight into the oldest plant symbiosis. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 110: 20117-20122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1313452110.

Titova, G. E. 2012. Germination biology of Pinguicula vulgaris (Lentibulariaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 97: 1137-1162. [In Russian.]

Titova, G. E., & Batygina, T. B. 1996. Is the embryo of nymphaealean plants (Nymphaeales s.l.) a dicotyledonous? Phytomorph. 46: 171−190.

Titova, G. E., & Nyukalova, M. A. 2021. Embryo sac development in Euphorbia myrsinites and E. komaroviana (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. Zhurn 106: 438-459. [In Russian.]

Titova, G. E. [et al. 1997], Zakharova, A. A., & Shamrov, I. I. 1997. Ovule and seed development in Trapa natans L. (Trapaceae) in connection with the specific of embryo sac structure, absence of endosperm and pseudomonocotyledony. Bull. Polish Acad. Sci. Biol. Sci. 45: 81–92.

Titova, G. E. [et al. 2015], Yakovleva, O. V., & Zhinkina, N. A. 2015. Seed development in Euphorbia palustris (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 100: 226-248, pl. 1-8. [In Russian.]

Titova, G. E. [et al. 2018], Yakovleva, O. V., Zhinkina, N. A., & Geltman, D. V. 2018. Seed development in some species of Helioscopia and Esula sections, subgenus Esula of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 103: 1355-1389, pl. 1-10. [In Russian.]

Titova, G. E. [et al. 2019], Yakovleva, O. V., Zhinkina, N. A., Nyukalova, M. A., & Geltman, D. V. 2019. Seed development in some species of the sections Lathyris, Holophyllum and Myrsiniteae of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 104: 528-568, pl. . [In Russian.]

Tiwari, S. C. [et al. 1978], Bouman, F., & Kapil, R. N. 1978. Ovule ontogeny in Tropaeolum majus. Phytomorph. 27: 350-358.

Tkach, N. [et al. 2014], Ree, R. H., Kuss, P., Röser, M., & Hoffman, M. H. 2014. High mountain origin, phylogenetics, evolution, and niche conservatism of Arctic lineages in the hemiparasitic genus Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 76: 75-82.

Tkach, N. [et al. 2015a], Röser, M., & Hoffmann, M. H. 2015a. Molecular phylogenetics, character evolution and systematics of the genus Micranthes (Saxifragaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 178: 47-66.

Tkach, N. [et al. 2015b], Röser, M., Miehe, G., Muellner-Riehl, A. N., Ebersbach, J., Favre, A., & Hoffmann, M. H. 2015b. Molecular phylogenetics, morphology and a revised classification of the complex genus Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae). Taxon 64: 1159-1187.

Tkach, N. [et al. 2020], Schneider, J., Döring, E., Wölk, A., Hochbach, A., Nissen, J., Winterfeld, G., Meyer, S., Gabriel, J., Hoffmann, M. H., & Röser, M. 2020. Phylogenetic lineages and the role of hybridization as driving force of evolution in grass supertibe Poodae. Taxon 69: 234-277.

Tng, D. Y. P. [et al. 2012], Williamson, G. J., Jordan, G. J., & Bowman, D. M. J. S. 2012. Giant eucalypts - globally unique fire-adapted rain-forest trees? New Phytol. 196: 1001-1014.

Tobe, H. 1981. Embryological studies in Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. with a discussion on the taxonomy of the genus. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 94: 207-224.

Tobe, H. 1989. The embryology of angiosperms: Its broad application to the systematic and evolutionary study. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 102: 351-367.

Tobe, H. 1991. Reproductive morphology, anatomy, and relationships of Ticodendron. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 135-142.

Tobe, H. 1995. Embryology. Pp. 106-128, in Hiepko, P. (ed.), Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen ... Band 17 a IV. Angiospermae: Ordnung Ranunculales. Fam. Ranunculaceae. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin.

Tobe, H. 2002. Hydrastidaceae. Pp. 405-409, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. V. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Malvales, Capparales and Non-betalain Caryophyllales. Springer, Berlin.

Tobe, H. 2008. Embryology of Japonolirion (Petrosaviaceae, Petrosaviales): A comparison with other monocots. J. Plant Res. 121: 407-416.

Tobe, H. 2011a. Embryological evidence supports the transfer of Leitneria floribunda to the family Simaroubaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 98: 277-293.

Tobe, H. 2012 [= 2011b]. Floral structure of Cardiopteris (Cardiopteridaceae) with special emphasis on the gynoecium: Systematic and evolutionary implications. J. Plant Res. 125: 261-369.

Tobe, H. 2013a. Morphology and structure of staminate inflorescences and flowers of Leitneria floridana (Simaroubaceae): Revisited. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 63: 57-62.

Tobe, H. 2013b. Floral morphology and structure of Phyllonoma (Phyllonomaceae): Systematic and evolutionary implications. J. Plant Res. 126: 709-718.

Tobe, H. 2014. Inflorescences of Phyllonoma (Phyllonomaceae, Aquifoliales): Anatomical observations. Acta Phytoa. Geobot. 65: 117-126.

Tobe, H. 2015a. Embryology of Phyllonoma (Phyllonomaceae, Aquifoliales): Characteristics and character evolution. J. Plant Res. 128: 633-642. doi 1-1.1007/s10265-015-0730-y

Tobe, H. 2015b. Floral morphology and structure of Emblingia calceoliflora (Emblingiaceae, Brassicales): Questions and answers. J. Plant Res. 128: 481-495.

Tobe, H. 2016. Embryology of Cardiopteris (Cardiopteridaceae, Aquifoliales), with emphasis on unusual ovule and seed development. J. Plant Res. 129: 883-897.

Tobe, H., & Kadokawa, T. 2008. Embryology of the Araceae: Variation and character evolution. Makinoa N.S. 7: 29-53.

Tobe, H., & Kadokawa, T. 2010. Endosperm development in the Araceae (Alismatales) and evolution of developmental modes in monocots. J. Plant Res. 123: 731-739.

Tobe, H., & Keating, R. C. 1985. The morphology and anatomy of Hydrastis (Ranunculales): Systematic reevaluation of the genus. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98: 291-316.

Tobe, H., & Hammel, B. E. 1993. Floral morphology, embryology and seed anatomy of Ruptiliocarpon caracolito (Lepidobotryaceae). Novon 3: 423-428.

Tobe, H., & Kadokawa, T. 2010. Endosperm development in the Araceae (Alismatales) and evolution of developmental modes in monocots. J. Plant Res. 123: 731-739.

Tobe, H., & Keating, R. C. 1985. The morphology and anatomy of Hydrastis (Ranunculales): Systematic reevaluation of the genus. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98: 291-316.

Tobe, H., & Morin, N. R. 1996. Embryology and circumscription of Campanulaceae and Campanulales: A review of the literature. Int. J. Plant Res. 109: 425-435.

Tobe, H., & Peng, C.-I. 1990. The embryology and taxonomic relationships of Bretschneidera (Bretschneideraceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 103: 139-152.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1983a. An embryological analysis of Myrtales. Its definition and characteristics. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 71-94.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1983b. The embryology of Axinandra zeylanica (Crypteroniaceae) and the relationships of the genus. Bot. Gaz. 144: 426-432.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1984a. An embryological contribution to systematics of the Chrysobalanaceae. I. Tribe Chrysobalaneae. Bot Mag. Tokyo 97: 397-411.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1984b. The embryology and relationships of Oliniaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 146: 105-116.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1984bc. The embryology and relationships of Penaeaceae (Myrtales). Plant Syst. Evol. 146: 181-195.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1984 [= 1985a.] The embryology and relationships of Rhynchocalyx Oliv. (Rhynchocalycaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 836-843.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1984 [= 1985b.] The embryology and relationships of Alzatea Ruiz & Pav. (Alzateaceae, Myrtales). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 844-852.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1986a. Evolution of polysporangiate anthers in Onagraceae. American J. Bot. 73: 475-488.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1985 [= 1986b]. The histogenesis and evolution of integuments in Onagraceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 72: 451-468.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1987a. Embryology and systematic position of Heteropyxis (Myrtales). American J. Bot. 74: 197-208.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1987b. The embryology and relationships of Crypteronia (Crypteroniaceae). Bot. Gaz. 148: 96-102.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1987c. The embryology and relationships of Dactylocladus (Crypteroniaceae) and a discussion of the family. Bot. Gaz. 148: 96-102.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1986 [= 1987d]. A comparative study of the embryology of Ludwigia (Onagraceae): Characteristics, variations, and relationships. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 768-787.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1987e. The embryology and relationships of Cassipourea and Sterigmapetalum (Rhizophoraceae - Macarisieae). Op. Bot. 92: 253-264.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1987f. Systematic embryology of the Anisophylleaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 1-26.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1988a. Floral morphology and evolution in Anisophylleaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 98: 1-25.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1988b. Seed morphology and anatomy of Rhizophoraceae, inter- and intrafamilial relationships. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1319-1342.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1988c. Additional notes on the embryology of Polygonanthus (Anisophylleaceae) and relationships of the family. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1425-1428.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1989. The embryology and systematic position of Rhabdodendron. Pp. 238-248, in Kit Tan, Mill, R. R., & Elias, T. S. (eds), The Davis & Hedge Festschrift. Edinburgh University Press.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1990. Embryology and systematic position of Psiloxylon (Myrtales). Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica N.S. 31: 119-127.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1993. Embryology of Acanthothamnus, Brexia and Canotia (Celastrales). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 112: 17-32.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 1996. Embryology of Onagraceae (Myrtales): Characteristics, variation and relationships. Telopea 6: 667-688.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 2008. Embryology of Koeberlinia (Koeberliniaceae): Evidence for core brassicalean affinities. American J. Bot. 95: 1475-1486.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 2011. Embryology of the Irvingiaceae, a family with uncertain relationships among the Malpighiales. J. Plant Res. 124: 577-591.

Tobe, H., & Raven, P. H. 2012. Seed morphology and anatomy in Salvadoraceae (Brassicales): Systematic and evolutionary implications. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 63: 1-9.

Tobe, H., & Sampson, B. 2000. Embryology of Takhtajania (Winteraceae) and a summary statement of embryological features for the family. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 87: 389-397.

Tobe, H., & Takahashi, M. 1990. Trichome and pollen morphology of Barbeya (Barbeyaceae) and its relationships. Taxon 39: 561-567.

Tobe, H., & Takahashi, M. 1995. Pollen morphology of Gyrostemonaceae, Batidaceae and Koeberlinia. J. Plant Res. 108: 283-288.

Tobe, H., & Takahashi, M. 1999. Floral structures of Alseuosmiaceae, Argophyllaceae, Carpodetaceae, Phellinaceae and Rousseaceae: Additional members in Asterales. P. 241, in XVI International Botanical Congress: Abstracts. [Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis.]

Tobe, H., & Takahashi, M. 2009. Embryology of Petrosavia (Petrosaviaceae, Petrosaviales): Evidence for the distinctness of the family from other monocots. J. Plant Res. 122: 597-610.

Tobe, H., & Takaso, T. 1996. Trichome morphology in Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales). Acta Phyototax. Geobot. 47: 153-168.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1987], Wagner, W. L., & Chin, H.-C. 1987. A systematic and evolutionary study of Oenothera: Seed coat anatomy. Bot. Gaz. 148: 235-257.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1992a], Suzuki, M., & Fukuhara, T. 1992a. Pericarp anatomy and evolution in Coriaria (Coriariaceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 105: 289-302.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1992b], Yasuda, S., & Oginuma, K. 1992b. Seed coat anatomy, karyomorphology, and relationships of Simmondsia (Simmondsiaceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 105: 529-538.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1993], Stuessy, T. F., Raven, P. H., & Oginuma, K. 1993. Embryology and karyomorphology of Lactoridaceae. American J. Bot. 80: 933-946.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1998], Graham, S. A., & Raven, P. H. 1998. Floral morphology and evolution in Lythraceae sensu lato. Pp. 329-344, in Owens S. J., & Rudall P. J. (eds), Reproductive Biology in Systematics, Conservation, and Economic Botany. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew.

Tobe, H. [et al. 1999], Carlquist, S., & Iltis, H. H. 1999. Reproductive anatomy and relationships of Setchellanthus caeruleus (Setchellanthaceae). Taxon 48: 277-283.

Tobe, H. [et al. 2000], Jaffré, T., & Raven, P. H. 2000. Embryology of Amborella (Amborellaceae): Descriptions and polarity of character states. J. Plant Res. 113: 271-280.

Tobe, H. [et al. 2007], Kimoto, Y., & Prakash, N. 2007. Development and structure of the female gametophyte of Austrobaileya scandens (Austrobaileyaceae). J. Plant Res. 120: 431-436.

Tobe, H. [et al. 2018], Huang, Y.-L., Kadokawa, T., & Tamura, M. N. 2018. Floral structure and development in Nartheciaceae (Dioscoreales), with special reference to ovary position and septal nectaries. J. Plant Research 131: 411-428.

Tobias, L. M. [et al. 2019], Cordeiro, I., & Demarco, D. 2019. Floral development in Hura crepitans (Euphorbiaceae): A bat-pollinated species with multicarpellate gynoecium. Brazilian J. Bot. 42: 509-519.

Tobias, P. A., & Guest, D. I. 2014. Tree immunity: Growing old without antibodies. Trends Plant Sci. 19: 367-370.

Tobin, T. S. 2017. Recognition of a likely two phased extinction at the K-Pg boundary in Antarctica. Sci. Rep. 7:16317. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16515-x

Todzia, C. A. 1988. Flora Neotropica. Monograph 48. Chloranthaceae: Hedyosmum. New York Botanical Garden, New York.

Todzia, C. A. 1989. A revision of Ampelocera (Ulmaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 1087-1102.

Todzia, C. A. 1992. A reevaluation of the genus Phyllostylon (Ulmaceae). Sida 15: 263-270.

Todzia, C. A. 1993. Chloranthaceae, pp. 281-287, and Ulmaceae, 603-611, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Toju, H. [et al. 2011], Abe, H., Ueno, S., Miyazawa, Y., Taniguchi, F., Sota, T., & Yahara, T. 2011. Climatic gradient of arms race coevolution. American Naturalist 177: 562-573.

Toju, H. [et al. 2016], Tanabe, A. S., & Ishii, H. S. 2016. Ericaceous plant-fungus network in a harsh alpine-subalpine environment. Molec. Ecol. 25: 3242-3267.

Toju, H. [et al. 2018], Sato, H., Yamamoto, S., & Tanabe, A. S. 2018. Structural diversity across arbuscular mycorrhizal, ectomycorrhizal, and endophytic plant-fungus networks. BMC Plant Biol. 18:272. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1500-5

Tokarski, M. 1972. Morphological and taxonomical analysis of fruits and seeds of the European and Caucasian species of Geranium L. Monogr. Bot. 36: 3-[113]. [In Polish.]

Tokuoka, T. 2007. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences and ovule and seed character evolution. J. Plant Res. 120: 511-522.

Tokuoka, T. 2008. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Violaceae (Malpighiales) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. J. Plant Res. 121: 253-260.

Tokuoka, T. 2012. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Passifloraceae sensu lato (Malpighiales) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. J. Plant Res. 125: 489-497.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 1993. Embryology and systematics of Euphorbiaceae sens. lat. A review and perspective. J. Plant Res. 108: 97-106.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 1998. Ovules and seeds in Crotonoideae (Euphorbiaceae): Structure andsystematic implications. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 120: 165-186.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 1999. Embryology of tribe Drypeteae, an enigmatic taxon of Euphorbiaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 215: 189-208.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 2001. Ovules and seeds in subfamily Phyllanthoideae (Euphorbiaceae): Structure and systematic implications. J. Plant Res. 114: 75-92.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 2002. Ovules and seeds in Euphorbioideae (Euphorbiaceae): Structure and systematic implications. J. Plant Res. 115: 361-374.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 2003. Ovules and seeds in Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae): Structure and systematic implications. J. Plant Res. 116: 355-380.

Tokuoka, T., & Tobe, H. 2006. Phylogenetic analyses of Malpighiales using plastid and nuclear DNA sequences, with particular reference to the embryology of Euphorbiaceae s. str. J. Plant Res. 119: 599-616.

Toledo, G. [et al. 1995], Bashan, Y., & Soeldner, A. 1995. Cyanobacteria and black mangroves in Northwestern Mexico: Colonization, and diurnal and seasonal nitrogen fixation on aerial roots. Canadian J. Microbiol. 41: 999-1011.

Toledo, S. [et al. 2018], Bippus, A. C., & Tomescu, A. M. F. 2018. Buried deep beyond the veil of extinction: Euphyllophyte relationships at the base of the spermatophyte clade. American J. Bot. 105: 1264-1285.

Tölke, E. D., & Demarco, D. 2020. The development of pseudomonomerous gynoecia: Anacardiaceae (subfamily Anacardioideae) as a case study. Pp. 231-262, in Demarco, D. (ed.), Plant Ontogeny Studies, Analyses and Evolutionary Implications. Nova, New York.

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2018a], Bachelier, J. B., de Lima, E. A., Galetto, L., Demarco, D., & Carmello-Guerreiro, S. M. 2018a. Diversity of floral nectary secretions and structure, and implications for their evolution in Anacardiaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 187: 209-231.

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2018b], Bachelier, J. B., de Lima, E. A., Ferreira, M. J. P., Demarco, D., & Carmello-Guerreiro, S. M. 2018b. Osmophores and floral fragrance in Anacardium humile and Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae): An overlooked secretory structure in Sapindales. AoB Plants 10(6):ply062. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/ply062

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2019], Capelli, N. V., Pastori, T., Alencar, A. C., Cole, T. C. H., & Demarco, D. 2019. Diversity of floral glands and their secretions in pollinator attraction. In: Merillon, J. M., & Ramawat, K. (eds), Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites. Springer, Cham. [Reference Series in Phytochemistry.]

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2021a], Lacchia, A. P. S., Lima, E. A., Ascens˜o, L., Demarco, D., & Carmello-Guerreiro, S. M. 2021a. Secretory ducts in Anacardiaceae revisited: Updated concepts and new findings based on histochemical evidence. South African J. Bot. 138: 394-405.

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2021b], Demarco, D., Carmello-Guerreiro, S. M., & Bachelier, J. B. 2021b. Flower structure and development of Spondias tuberosa and Tapirira guianensis (Spondioideae): Implications for the evolution of the unisexual flowers and pseudomonomery in Anacardiaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 182: 747-662.

Tölke, E. D. [et al. 2022], Medina, M. C., Souto, A. L., Marques, J. P. R., Alves, G. G. M., Gama, R. L., Pirani, J. R., & Demarco, D. 2022. Diversity and evolution of secretory structures in Sapindales. Brazilian J. Bot. 45: 251–279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-021-00778-w

Tomás-Barberán, F. A., Grayer-Barkmeijer, R. J., Gil, M. I., & Harborne, J. B. 1988. Distribution of 6-hydroxy-, 6-methoxy- and 8-hydroxyflavone glycosides in the Labiatae, the Scrophulariaceae and related families. Phytochem. 27: 2631-2645.

Tomasello, S. [et al. 2018], Stuessy, T. F., Oberprieler, C., & Heubl, G. 2019 [= 2018]. Ragweeds and relatives: Molecular phylogenetics of Ambrosiinae (Asteraceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 130: 104-114.

Tomasových, A. [et al. 2016], Kennedy, J. D., Betzner, T. J., Kuehnle, N. B., Edie, S., Kim, S., Supriya, K., White, A. E., Rahbek, C., Huang, S., Price, T. D., & Jablonski, D. 2016. Unifying latitudinal gradients in range size and richness across marine and terrestrial systems. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 283:20153027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.3027

Tomato Genome Consortium. 2012. The tomato genome seqence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution. Nature 485: 635-641.

Tomb, A. S. 1999. Pollen morphology and relationships of Setchellanthus caeruleus (Setchellanthaceae). Taxon 48: 285-288.

Tomback, D. F., & Linhart, Y. B. 1990. The evolution of bird-dispersed pines. Evol. Ecol. 9: 93-117.

Tomescu, A. M. F. 2008. Microphylls, megaphylls, and the evolution of leaf development. P. 146, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Tomescu, A. M. F. 2009 [= 2008]. Megaphylls, microphylls and the evolution of leaf development. Trends Plant Sci. 14: 5-12.

Tomescu, A. M. F., & Groover, A. T. 2019 [= 2018]. Mosaic modularity: An updated perspective and research agenda for the evolution of vascular cambial growth. New Phytol. 222: 1719-1735. doi: 10.1111/nph.15640

Tomescu, A. M. F., & Rothwell, G. W. 2022. Fossils and plant evolution: Structural fingerprints and modularity in the evo-devo paradigm. EvoDevo 13:8.

Tomescu, A. M. F. [et al. 2014], Wyatt, S. E., Hasebe, M., & Rothwell, G. W. 2014. Early evolution of the vascular plant bosy plan - the missing mechanisms. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 17: 126-136.

Tomescu, A. M. F. [et al. 2017], Escapa, I. H., Rothwell, G. W., Elgorriaga, A., & Cúneo, N. R. 2017. Developmental programmes in the evolution of Equisetum morphology: A hierarchical modularity hypothesis. Ann. Bot. 119: 489-505.

Tomescu, A. M. F. [et al. 2018], Bomfleur, B., Bippus, A. C., & Savoretti, M. A, 2018. Why are bryophytes so rare in the fossil record? A focus on taphonomy and fossil preservation. Pp. 375-416, in Krings, M., Harper, C. J., Cúneo, N. R., & Rothwell, G. W. (eds), Transformative Paleobotany: Papers to Commemorate the Life and Legacy of Thomas N. Taylor. Academic Press, London.

Tominaga , T. [et al. 2021], Miura, C., Sumigawa, Y., Hirose, Y., Yamaguchi, K., Shigenobu, S., Mine, A., &, Kaminaka, H. 2021. Conservation and diversity in gibberellin-mediated transcriptional responses among host plants forming distinct arbuscular mycorrhizal morphotypes. Front. Plant Sci. 12:795695. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.795695

Tominaga, T. [et al. 2023], Ueno, K., Saito, H., Egusa, M., Yamaguchi, K., Shigenobu, S., & Kaminaka, H. 2023. Monoterpene glucosides in Eustoma grandiflorum roots promote hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Physiol. 193: 2677-2690. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad482

Tomlinson, P. B. 1956. Studies in the systematic anatomy of Zingiberaceae. J. Linnean Soc. (Bot.) 55: 547-592.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1959. An anatomical approach to the classification of the Musaceae. J. Linnean Soc. (Bot.) 55: 779-809.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1960. The anatomy of Phenakospermum (Musaceae). J. Arnold Arbor. 41: 287-297.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1961a. Morphological and anatomical characteristics of the Marantaceae. J. Linnean Soc. (Bot.) 58: 55-77.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1961b. The anatomy of Canna. J. Linnean Soc. (Bot.) 66: 467-473.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1961c. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. II. Palmae. [Ed. C. R. Metcalfe.] Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1962a. Phylogeny of the Scitamineae - morphological and anatomical considerations. Evolution 16: 192-213.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1962b. Essays on the morphology of palms. A digression about spines. Principes 6: 46-52.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1964. Notes on the anatomy of Triceratella (Commelinaceae). Kirkia 4: 207-212.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1966. Anatomical data in the classification of Commelinaceae. J. Linnean Soc. Bot. 59: 371-395.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1969. In Metcalfe C. R. (ed.), Anatomy of Monocotyledons. III. Commelinales-Zingiberales. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1970. Monocotyledons - towards an understanding of their morphology and anatomy. Adv. Bot. Res. 3: 207-292.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1974a. Development of the stomatal complex as a taxonomic character in the monocotyledons. Taxon 23: 109-128.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1974b. Vegetative morphology and meristem dependence - the foundation of productivity in seagrasses. Aquaculture 4: 107-130.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1980a. The Biology of Trees Native to Tropical Florida. The Author, Petersham.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1980b. Monocotyledonous habit in relationship to morphology and anatomy. Pp. 7-20, pl. 1-2, in Brickell, C. D., Cutler, D. F., & Gregory, M. (eds), Petaloid Monocotyledons. Academic Press, London.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1982. In Metcalfe C. R. (ed.), Anatomy of Monocotyledons. VII. Helobiae (Alismatidae), including the seagrasses. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1986. The Botany of Mangroves. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1988. Systematic comparison and some biological characters of Rhizophoraceae and Anisophylleaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1297-1318.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1992. Aspects of cone morphology and development in Podocarpaceae (Coniferales). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 153: 572-588.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1994. Functional morphology of saccate pollen in conifers with special reference to Podocarpaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 155: 699-715.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1995. Non-homology of vascular organization in monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Pp. 589-622, in Rudall, P. J., Cribb, P. J., Cutler, D. F., & Humphries, C. J. (eds), Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tomlinson, P. B. 1990. The Structural Biology of Palms. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2000. Structural features of saccate pollen types in relation to their functions. Pp. 147-162, in Harley, M. M., Morton, C. M., & Blackmore, S. (eds), Pollen and Spores: Morphology and Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2001. Reaction tissues in Gnetum gnemon, a preliminary report. IAWA J. 22: 401-413.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2003. Development of gelatinous (reaction) fibers in stems of Gnetum gnemon (Gnetales). American J. Bot. 90: 965-972.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2006a. The uniqueness of palms. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 151: 5-14.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2006b. Stem anatomy of climbing palms in relation to long-distance water transport. Pp. 265-277, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Excluding Poales. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 22: 265-277.]

Tomlinson, P. B. 2008. Wollemia nobilis: Architecture and vasculature, a comparative approach. Pp. 16-17, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Tomlinson, P. B. 2012. Rescuing Robert Brown - the origins of angio-ovuly in seed cones of conifers. Bot. Review 78: 310-334.

Tomlinson, P. B. 2017. The Botany of Mangroves. Ed. 2. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Ayensu, E. S. 1968. Morphology and anatomy of Croomia pauciflora (Stemonaceae). J. Arnold Arbor. 49: 260-277.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Ayensu, E. S. 1969. Notes on the vegetative morphology and anatomy of the Petermanniaceae (Monocotyledones). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 62: 17-26.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Esler, A. E. 1973. Establishment growth in woody monocotyledons native to New Zealand. New Zealand J. Bot. 11: 627-644.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Fisher, J. B. 2000. Stem vasculature in climbiong monocotyledons: A comparative approach. Pp. 89-97, in Wilson, K. L., & Morrison, D. A. (eds), Monocots: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Collingwood.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Fisher, J. B. 2005. Development of nonlignified fibers in leaves of Gnetum gnemon (Gnetales). American J. Bot. 92: 383-389.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Huggett, B. A. 2011. Partial shoot reiteration in Wollemia nobilis (Araucariaceae) does not arise from 'axillary meristems'. Ann. Bot. 107: 909-916.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Huggett, B. A. 2012. Cell longevity and sustained primary growth in palms. American J. Bot. 99: 1891-2012.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Murch, S. J. 2009. Wollemia nobilis (Araucariaceae): Branching, vasculature and histology in juvenile stages. American J. Bot. 96: 1787-1797.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Posluszny, U. 1977. Features of dichotomizing apices in Flagellaria indica (Monocotyledones). American J. Bot. 64: 1057-1065.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Posluszny, U. 1978. Aspects of floral morphology and development in the seagrass Syringodium filiforme (Cymdoceaceae). Bot. Gaz. 139: 333-345.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Posluszny, U. 2001. Generic limits in the seagrass family Zosteraceae. Taxon 50: 429-437.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Quinn, C. J. 2013. Palms do not undergo secondary stem lengthening: A response to Renninger and Phillips (American Journal of Botany 99: 607-613). American J. Bot. 100: 461-464.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Soderholm, P. K. 1975. Flowering and fruiting of Corypha elata in South Florida. Principes 19: 83-89.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Spangler, R. 2002. Developmental features of the discontinuous stem vascular system in the rattan palm Calamus (Arecaceae-Calamoideae-Calamineae). American J. Bot. 89: 1128-1141.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Takaso, T. 1989. Cone and ovule ontogeny in Phyllocladus (Podocarpaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 99: 209-221.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Takaso, T. 1998. Hydrodynamics of pollen capture in conifers. pp. 265-275, in Owens, S. J., & Rudall, P. J. (eds), Reproductive Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Takaso, T. 2002. Seed cone structures in conifers in relation to development and pollination: A biological approach. Canadian J. Bot. 80: 1250-1273.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Wilder, G. J. 1984. Systematic anatomy of Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae) - an overview. Bot. Gaz. 145: 535-549.

Tomlinson, P. B., & Zimmermann, M. H. 1969. Vascular anatomy of monocotyledons with secondary growth - an introduction. J. Arnold Arbor. 50: 159-179.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 1979], Primack, R. B., & Bunt, J. S. 1979. Preliminary observations on floral biology in mangrove Rhizophoraceae. Biotropica 11: 256-277.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 1989], Takaso, T., & Rattenbury, J. A. 1989. Cone and ovule morphology in Phyllocladus (Podocarpaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 99: 209-221.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 1991], Braggins, J. E., & Rattenbury, J. A. 1991. Pollination drop in relation to cone morphology in Podocarpaceae: A novel reproductive mechanism. American J. Bot. 78: 1289-1303.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 1997], Braggins, J. E., & Rattenbury, J. A. 1997. Contrasted pollen capture mechanisms in Phyllocladaceae and certain Podocarpaceae. American J. Bot. 84: 214-223.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2001], Fisher, J. B., Spangler, R. E., & Richer, R. S. 2001. Stem vascular architecture in the rattan palm Calamus (Arecaceae-Calamoideae-Calaminae). American J. Bot. 88: 797-809.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2005], Fisher, J. B., Hallé, F., & Villalobos, R. 2005. Development of woody branch attachments in Schefflera (Araliaceae or Apiaceae). American J. Bot. 92: 1765-1773.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2009], Horn, J. W., & Fisher, J. B. 2009. Palms and Ponce de Leon: The secret of eternal youth exemplified by sustained primary growth in Arecaceae. P. 93, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2011], Horn, J. W., & Fisher, J. B. 2011. The Anatomy of Palms: Arecaceae - Palmae. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2014], Magellan, T. M., & Griffith, M. P. 2014. Root contraction in Cycas and Zamia (Cycadales) determined by gelatinous fibers. American J. Bot. 101: 1275-1285.

Tomlinson, P. B. [et al. 2018], Ricciardi, A., & Huggett, B. A. 2018. Cracking the omega code: Hydraulic architecture of the cycad leaf axis. Ann. Bot. 121 483-488.

Tomono, T., & Sota, T. 1997. The life history and pollination ecology of bumblebees in the alpine zone of central Japan. Japanese J. Entomol. 65: 237-255.

Tong, K. J. [et al. 2015], Duchêne, S., Ho, S. Y. W., & Lo, N. 2015. Comment on "Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution". Science 349: 487.

Tong, Y.-H. [et al. 2020], Zheng, X.-R., Zhang, Y. Y., Qin, Q.-M., Ni, J.-B., Vu, T. C., & Xia, N.-H. 2020. Khoonmengia honbaensis, a new genus and species of temperate bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from central-southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 138: 163-177.

Tong, Z.-Y. [et al. 2018] Wang, X.-P., Wu, L.-Q., & Huang, S.-Q. 2019 [= 2018]. Nectar supplementation changes pollinator behaviour and pollination mode in Pedicularis dichotoma: Implications for evolutionary transitions. Ann. Bot. 123: 373-380.

Tonnabel, J. [et al. 2014a], Olivieri, I., Mignot, A., Rebelo, T., Justy, F., Santoni, S., Caroli, S., Sauné, L., Bouchez, O. & Douzery, E. J. P. 2014a. Developing nuclear DNA phylogenetic markers in the angiosperm genus Leucadendron (Proteaceae): A next-generation sequencing transcriptomic approach. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 70: 37-46.

Tonnabel, J. [et al. 2014b], Mignot, A., Douzery, E. J. P., Rebelo, A. G., Schurr, F. M., Midgley, J., Illing, N., Justy, F., Orcel, D., & Olivieri, I. 2014b. Convergent and correlated evolution of major life-history traits in the angiosperm genus Leucadendron (Proteaceae). Evolution 68: 2775-2792.

Tononi, P. [et al. 2010], Möller, M., Bencivenga, S., & Spada, A. 2010. GRAMINIFOLIA homolog expression in Streptocarpus rexii is associated with the basal meristems in phyllomorphs, a morphological novely in Gesneriaceae. Evol. Develop. 12: 61-73.

Toon, A. [et al. 2015], Crisp, M. D., Gamage, H., Mant, J., Morris, D. C., Schmidt, S., & Cook, L. G. 2015. Key innovation or adaptive change? A test of leaf traits using Triodiinae in Australia. Sci. Rep. 5: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12398.

Tooulakou, G. [et al. 2016], Giannopoulos, A., Nikolopoulos, D., Bresta, P., Dotsika, E., Orkoula, M. G., Kontoyiannis, C. G., Fasseas, C., Liakopoulos, G., Klapa, M. I., & Karabourniotis, G. 2016. "Alarm photosynthesis": Calcium oxalate crystals as an internal CO2 source in plants. Plant Physiol. 171: 2577-2585.

Toon, A. [et al. 2014], Cook, L. G., & Crisp, M. D. 2014. Evolutionary consequences of shifts to bird-pollination in the Australian pea-flowered legumes (Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae). BMC Evol. Biol. 14:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-43

Töpel, M. [et al. 2011], Lundberg, M., Eriksson, T., & Eriksen, B. 2011. Molecular data and ploidal levels indicate several putative allopolyploidization events in the genus Potentilla (Rosaceae). PLoS Currents Tree of Life Ed. 1. doi: 10.1371/currents.RRN1237

Töpel, M. [et al. 2012], Antonelli, A., Yesson, C., & Eriksen, B. 2012. Past climate change and plant evolution in Western North America: A case study in Rosaceae. PLoS ONE 7(12):e50358. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050358

Topik, H. [et al. 2005], Yukawa, T., & Ito, M. 2005. Molecular phylogenetics of subtribe Aeridinae (Orchidaceae): Insights from plastid matK and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. J. Plant Res. 118: 271-284.

Torello-Raventos, M. [et al. 2013], Feldpausch, T. R., Veenendaal, E., Schrodt, F., Saiz, G., Domingues, T. F., Djagbletey, G., Ford, A., Kemp, J., Marimon, B. S., Marimon Junior, B. H., Lenza, E., Ratter, J. A., Maracahipes, L., Sasaki, D., Sonké, B., Zapfack, L, Taedoumg, H., Villarroel, D., Schwarz, M., Quesada, C. A., Ishida, F. Y., Nardoto, G. B., Affum-Baffoe, K., Arroyo, L., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Compaore, H., Davies, K., Diallo, A., Fyllas, N. M., Gilpin, M., Hien, F., Johnson, M., Killeen, T. J., Metcalfe, D., Miranda, H. S., Steininger, M., Thomson, J., Sykora, K., Mougin, E., Hiernaux, P., Bird, M. I., Grace, J., Lewis, S. L., Phillips, O. L., & Lloyd, J. 2013. On the delineation of tropical vegetation types with an emphasis on forest/savanna transitions. Plant Ecol. Divers. 6: 101-137. doi:10.1080/17550874.2012.762812.

Torices, R. 2010. Adding time-calibrated branch lengths to the Asteraceae supertree. J. Syst. Evol. 48: 271-278.

Torices, R., & Anderberg, A. A. 2009. Phylogenetic analysis of sexual systems in Inuleae (Asteraceae). American J. Bot. 96: 1011-1019.

Torke, B. M., & Schaal, B. A. 2008. Molecular phylogenetics of the species-rich Neotropical genus Swartzia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) and related genera of the swartzioid clade. American J. Bot. 95: 215-228.

Torke, B. M., & Mansano, V. de F. 2009. A phylogenetically based sectional classification of Swartzia (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). Taxon 58: 913-924.

Torke, B. M. [et al. 2021], Cardoso, D., Chang, H., Li, S.-J., Niu, M., Pennington, R.T., Stirton, C. H., Xu, W.-B., Zartman, C. E., & Chung, K.-F. 2022 [= 2021]. A dated molecular phylogeny and biogeographical analysis reveals the evolutionary history of the trans-Pacifically disjunct tropical tree genus Ormosia (Fabaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 166:107329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107329

Torrecillas, E. [et al. 2011], Alguacil, M. M., & Roldán, A. 2012 [= 2011]. Differences in the AMF diversity in soil and roots between two annual and perennial gramineous plants co-occurring in a Mediterranean, semiarid degraded area. Plant Soil 354: 97-106.

Torrecillas, E. [et al. 2012], Alguacil, M. M., & Roldán, A. 2012. Host preferences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing annual herbaceous plant species in semiarid Mediterranean prairies. Appl. Environ, Microbiol. 78: 6180-6186.

Torrecillas, E. [et al. 2014], Alguacil, M. del M., Roldán, A., Díaz, G., Montesinos-Navarro, A., & Torres, M. P. 2014. Modularity reveals the tendency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to interact differently with generalist and specialist plant species in gypsum soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 89: 5457-5486.

Torres, C., & Galetto, L. 2007. Style morphological diversity of some asteraceae species from Argentina: Systematic and functional implications. J. Plant Res, 120: 359-364.

Torres, V. [et al. 2013], Hooghiemstra, H., Lourens, L., & Tzedakis, P. C. 2013. Astronomical tuning of long pollen records reveals the dynamic history of montane biomes in the tropical high Andes during the Quaternary. Quatern. Sci. Reviews 63: 59-72.

Torres Jiménez, M. F. [et al. 2021], Prata, E. M. B., Zizka, A., Cohn-Haft, M., de Oliveira, A. V. G., Emilio, T., Chazot, N., Couvreur, T. L. P., Kamga, S. M., Sonké, B., Cano, Á., Collevatti, R. G., Kuhnhäuser, B. G., Baker, W. J., Antonelli, A., & Bacon, C. D. 2021. Phylogenomics of the palm tribe Lepidocaryeae (Calamoideae: Arecaceae) and description of a new species of Mauritiella. Syst. Bot. 46: 863-874.

Torres-Montúfar, A. [et al. 2017a], Borsch, T., Fuentes, S., Clase, T., Peguero, B., & Ochoterena, H. 2017a. The new Hispaniolan genus Tainus ( Rubiaceae) constitutes an isolated lineage in the Caribbean biodiversity hotspot. Willdenowia 47: 259-270.

Torres-Montúfar, A. [et al. 2017b], Borsch, T., & Ochoterena, H. 2018 [= 2017b]. When homoplasy is not homoplasy: Dissecting trait evolution by contrasting composite and reductive coding. Syst. Biol. 67: 543-551.

Torres-Montúfar, A. [et al. 2020a], Borsch, T., Fuentes, S., Gutierrez, J., & Ochoterena, H. 2020a. It is not a disaster: Molecular and morphologically based phylogenetic analysis of Rondeletieae and the Rondeltia complex (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 306:26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-020-01630-6

Torres-Montúfar, A. [et al. 2020b], Ramírez-Arriaga, E., Martínez-Hernández, E., & Ochoterena, H. 2020b. Systematic relevance of the pollen morphology for the Rondeletia complex (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 194: 290-307.

Torres-Morales, G. [et al. 2020], Lasso, E., Silvera, K., Turner, B. L., & Winter, K. 2020. Occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism in Colombian orchids determined by leaf carbon isotope ratios. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 193: 431-477.

Torrey, J. D., & Wallace, W. D. 1975. Further studies on primary vascular tissue pattern formation in roots. Pp. 91-103, in Torrey, J. G., & Clarkson, D. T. (eds), The Development and Function of Roots. Academic Press, London.

Torshilova, A. A., & Titova, G. E. 2010. Seed formation and morphogenetic correlations in its structures development in Dioscorea nipponica (Dioscoreaceae). Bot. Zhurn 95: 298-325, Tab. 1-5. [In Russian.]

Torshilova, A. A. [et al. 2003], Titova, G. E., & Batygina, T. B. 2003. Female reproductive structures and seed development in Dioscorea nipponica Makino (Dioscoreaceae). Acta Biol. Cracovienskia 45: 149-154.

Torti, S. D., & Coley, P. D. 1999. Tropical monodominance: A preliminary test of the ectomycorrhizal hypothesis. Biotropica 31: 220-228.

Torti, S. D. [et al. 1997], Coley, P. D., & Janos, D. P. 1997. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in two tropical monodominant tree species. J. Trop. Ecol. 13: 623-629.

Torti, S. D. [et al. 2001], Coley, P. D., & Kursar, T. A. 2001. Causes and consequences of monodominance in tropical lowland forests. American Naturalist 157: 141-153.

Tosh J. 2009. Biogeography of Madagascan Rubiaceae: Case Studies from the Afro-Madagascan genus Tricalysia and the pantropical genus Ixora. K.U.Leuven, Faculteit Wetenschappen, Leuwen.

Tosh, J. [et al. 2008], de Block, P., Davis, A. P., Dessein, S., Robbrecht, E., & Smets, E. 2008. The tribal placement of the monospecific tropical African genus Petitiocodon (Rubiaceae) based on molecular data and morphology. Blumea 53: 549-565.

Tosh, J. [et al. 2009], Davis, A. P., Dessein, S., de Block, P., Huysmans, S., Fay, M. F., Smets, E., & Robbrecht, E. 2009. Phylogeny of Tricalysia (Rubiaceae) and its relationships with allied genera based on plastid DNA data: Resurrection of the genus Empogona. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 96: 194-213.

Tosh, J. [et al. 2013], Dessein, S., Buerki, S., Groeninckx, I., Mouly, A., Bremer, B., Smets, E. F., & de Block, P. 2013. Evolutionary history of the Afro-Madagascan Ixora species (Rubiaceae): Species diversification and distribution of key morphological traits inferred from dated molecular phylogenetic trees. Ann. Bot. 112: 1723-1742.

Tosso, F. [et al. 2017], Hardy, O. J., Doucet, J.-L., Daïnou, K., Kaymak, E., & Migliore, 2018 [= 2017]. Evolution in the amphi-Atlantic tropical genus Guibortia (Fabaceae, Detarioideae), combining NGS phylogeny and morphology. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 120: 83-93.

Tóth, K. F., & Sjölund, R. D. 1994. Monoclonal antibodies against phloem P-protein from plant tissue cultures. II. Taxonomic distribution of cross reactivity. American J. Bot. 81: 1378-1383.

Touchette, B. W. 2007. Seagrass-salinity interactions: Physiological mechanisms used by submersed marine angiosperms for a life at sea. J. Experim. Marine Biol. Ecol. 350: 194-215. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2007.05.037

Tourn, G. M. [et al. 1992], Tortosa, R. D., & Medan, D. 1992. Rhamnaceae with multiple lateral buds: An architectural analysis. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 108: 275-286.

Tousignant, L. [et al. 2022], Diaz-Garza, A. M., Majhi, B. B., Gélinas, S.-E., Singh, A., & Desgagne-Penix, I. 2022. Transcriptome analysis of Leucojum aestivum and identification of genes involved in norbelladine biosynthesis. Planta 255:30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-021-03741-x

Toussaint, A. [et al. 2019], Bueno, G., Davison, J., Moora, M., Tedersoo, L., Zobel, M., Opik, M., & Pärtel, M. 2020 [= 2019]. Asymmetric patterns of global diversity among plants and mycorrhizal fungi. J. Veget. Sci. 31: 355-366.

Touw, M. 1984. Preliminary observations on Korthalsella (Viscaceae) with special reference to vascular patterns. Blumea 29: 525-545.

Touzot, L. [et al. 2022], Samuel Venner,S., Baubet, E., Rousset, C., Gaillard, J.-M., & Gamelon, M. 2023 [= 2022]. Amplified cyclicality in mast seeding dynamics positively influences the dynamics of a seed consumer species. American Naturalist 201: 38-51.

Tovar, C. [et al. 2023], Hudson, L., Cuesta, F., Meneses, R. I., Muriel, P., Hidalgo, O., Palazzesi, L., Ballesteros, C. S., Hunt, E. H., Diazgranados, M., Hind, D. J. N., Forest, F., Halloy, S., Aguirre, N., Baker, W. J., Beck, S., Carilla, J., Eguiguren, P., Françoso, E., Gámez, L. E., Jaramillo, R., Llambí, L. D., Maurin, O., Melcher, I., Muller, G., Roy, S., Viñas, P., Yager, K., & Viruel, J. 2023. Strategies of diaspore dispersal investment in Compositae: The case of the Andean highlands. Ann. Bot. 132: 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad099

Towers, G. H. N., & Gibbs, R. D. 1953. Lignin chemistry and the taxonomy of higher plants. Nature 172: 25-26.

Townrow, J. A. 1967. On Rissikia and Mataia - podocarpaceous conifers from the lower Mesozoic of southern lands. Papers Proc. Royal Soc. Tasmania 101: 103-136.

Townsend, C. C. 1986. Taxonomic revision of the genus Haplophyllum (Rutaceae). Hooker’s Icon. Plant. 40: i-iv, 1-336.

Townsend, C. C. 1993. Amaranthaceae. Pp. 70-91, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Townsley, B. T., & Sinha, N. R. 2012. A new development: Evolving concepts in plant ontogeny. Annual Review Plant Biol. 63: 532-562.

Toyama, H. [et al. 2016], Tagane, S., Chhang, P., Nagamasu, H., & Yahara, T. 2016. Flora of Bokor National Park, Cambodia IV: A new section and species of Euphorbia subgenus Euphorbia. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 67: 83-96.

Tozin, L. R. do S. [et al. 2016], de Melo Silva, S. C., & Rodrigues, T. M. 2016. Non-glandular trichomes in Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae species: Morphological and histochemical features indicate more than physical protection. New Zealand J. Bot. 54: 446-457.

Trach, N. V. [et al. 2008], Hoffmann, M. H., Röser, M., Korobkov, A. A., & von Hagen, K. B. 2008. Parallel evolutionary patterns in multiple lineages of Arctic Artemisia L. (Asteraceae). Evolution 62: 184-198.

Trad, R. J. [et al. 2021], Cabral, F. N., Bittrich, V., da Silva, S. R., & do Amaral, M. do C. E. 2021. Calophyllaceae plastomes, their structure and insights in relationships within the clusioids. Scientific Reports 11:20712. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99178-z

Trager, M. D. [et al. 2010], Bhotika, S., Hostetler, J. A., Andrade, G. V., Rodriguez-Cabal, M. A., McKeon, C. S., Osenberg, C. W., & Bolker, B. M. 2010. Benefits for plants in ant-plant protective mutualisms: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 5(12):e14308. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014308

Trapp, A. 1956a. Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen über die Antherengestaltung sympetaler Blüten. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 32: 279-312.

Trapp, A. 1956b. Zur Morphologie und Entwicklungsgeschichte der Staubblätter sympetaler Blüten. Bot. Studien, Jena 5: 1-90.

Trapp, G. 1933. A study of the foliar endodermis in the Plantaginaceae. Trans. Royal Soc. Edinburgh 57: 523-546.

Trapp, S., & Croteau, R. 2001a. Defensive resin biosynthesis in conifers. Annual Review Plant Physiol. Plant Molec. Biol. 52: 689-724.

Trapp, S., & Croteau, R. 2001b. Genomic organization of plant terpene synthases and evolutionary implications. Genetics 158: 811-832.

Trappe, J. M. 1987. Phylogenetic and ecologic aspects of mycotrophy in the angiosperms from an evolutionary standpoint. Pp. 5-25, in Safir, G. R. (ed.), Ecophysiology of VA Mycorrhizal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

Tratt, J. [et al. 2009], Prychid, C. J., Behnke, H. D., & Rudall, P. J. 2009. Starch accumulating (S-type) sieve-element plastids in Hydatellaceae: Implications for plastid evolution in flowering plants. Protoplasma 237: 19-26.

Traub, H. 1942. The Ixiolirion tribe. Herberta 9: 53-62.

Traub, H. 1982. Order Alliales. Plant Life 38: 118-132.

Traverse, A. 1988. Plant evolution dances to a different beat: Plant and animal evolutionary mechanisms compared. Hist. Biol. 1: 277-301.

Traveset, A. [et al. 2015], Olesen, J. M., Vargas, P., Jaramillo, P., Antolin, E., Trigo, M. M., & Heleno, R. 2015. Bird-flower visitation networks in the Galápogas unveil a widespread interaction release. Nature Communic. 6:6376. doi:10.1038/ncomms7376

Traxmandlová, I. [et al. 2018], Ackerman, J. D., Tremblay, R. L., Roberts, D. L., Štípková, Z., & Kindlmann, P. 2018. Determinants of orchid species diversity in world islands. New Phytol. 217: 12-15. doi:10.1111/nph.14862

Treat, C. [et al. 2019], Kleinen, T., Broothaerts, N., Dalton, A. S., Dommain, R., Douglas, T., Drexler, J., Finkelstein, S. A., Grosse, G., Hope, G. S., Hutchings, J., Jones, M. C., Kuhry, P., Lacourse, T., Lähteenoja, O., Loisel, J, Notebaert, B., Payne, R., Peteet, D. M., Sannel, A. B. K., Stelling, J., Strauss, J., Swindles, G. T., Talbot, J., Tarnocai, C., Verstraeten, G., Williams, C. J., Xia, Z., Yu, Z., Väliranta, M., Hättestrand, M., Alexanderson, H., & Brovkin, V. 2019. Widespread global peatland establishment and persistence over the last 130,000 y. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116: 4822-4827.

Treiber, E., & Weiblen, G. D. 2009. Phylogeny of Cecropia based on chloroplast DNA sequences. P. 213, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Treiber, E. L. [et al. 2016], Gaglioti, A. L., Romaniuc-Neto, S., Madriñán, S., & Weiblen, G. D. 2016. Phylogeny of the Cecropieae (Urticaceae) and the evolution of an ant-plant mutualism. Syst. Bot. 41: 56-66.

Treiber, K. 1891. Ueber den anatomiscen Bau des Stammes der Asclepiadeen. Bot. Centralbl. 48: 209-218, 241-249, 273-281, 305-313.

Trembath-Reichert, E. [et al. 2015], Wilson, J. P., McGlynn, S. E., & Fischer, W. W. 2015. Four hundred million years of silica biomineralization in land plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 5449-5454.

Tremblay, R. L. 1992. Trends in the pollination ecology of the Orchidaceae: Evolution and systematics. Canadian J. Bot. 70: 642-650.

Tremblay, R. L. [et al. 2005], Ackerman, J. D., Zimmerman, J. K., & Calvo, R. N. 2005. Variation in sexual reproduction in orchids and its evolutionary consequences: A spasmodic journey to diversification. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 84: 1-54.

Trénel, P. [et al. 2007], Gustafsson, M. H. G., Baker, W. J., Asmussen-Lange, C. B., Dransfield, J., & Borchsenius, F. 2007. Mid-Tertiary dispersal, not Gondwanan vicariance explains distribution patterns in the wax palm subfamily (Ceroxyloideae: Arecaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 45: 272-288.

Trepel. J. [et al. 2024], le Roux, E., Abraham, A. J., Buitenwerf, R., Kamp, J., Kristensen, J. A., Tietje, M., Lundgren, E. J., & Svenning. J.-C. 2024. Meta-analysis shows that wild large herbivores shape ecosystem properties and promote spatial heterogeneity. Nature Ecol. Evol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02327-6

Treseder, K. K. [et al. 1995], Davidson, D. W., & Ehleringer, J. R. 1995. Absorption of ant-provided carbon dioxide and nitrogen by a tropical epiphyte. Nature 375: 137-139.

Tresmondi, F. [et al. 2015], Noguiera, A., Guimarães, E., & Machado, S. R. 2015. Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna. Naturwiss. 102:73. doi: 10.1007/s00114-015-1320-5

Tresmondi, F. [et al. 2017], Canaveze, Y., Guimarães, E., & Machado, S. R. 2017. Colleters in Rubiaceae from forest and savanna: The link between secretion and environment. Naturwiss. 104:17. doi: 10.1007/s00114-017-1444-x

Trethewey, J. A. K. [et al. 2005], Campbell, L. M., & Harris, P. J. 2005. (1->3),(1->4)-ß-D-glucans in the cell walls of the Poales (sensu lato): An immunogold labelling study using a monoclonal antibody. American J. Bot. 92: 1660-1674.

Treub, M. 1882. Observations sur les Loranthacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 6, 13: 251-282, pl. 13-20.

Treub, M. 1891. Sur les Casuarinées et leur place dans la système naturel. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 10: 145-231, pl. 12-32.

Treutlein, J., & Wink, M. 2002. Molecular phylogeny of cycads inferred from rbcL sequences. Naturwiss. 89: 221-225.

Treutlein, J. [et al. 2003a], Smith, G. F., van Wyk, B.-E., & Wink, M. 2003a. Phylogenetic relationships in Asphodelaceae (subfamily Alooideae) inferred from chloroplast DNA sequences (rbcL, matK) and from genomic finger-printing (ISSR). Taxon 52: 193-207.

Treutlein, J. [et al. 2003b], Smith, G. F., van Wyk, B.-E., & Wink, M. 2003b. Evidence for the polyphyly of Haworthia (Asphodelaceae subfamily Alooideae; Asparagales) inferred from nucleotide sequences of rbcL, matK, ITS1 and genomic fingerprinting with ISSR-PCR. Plant Biol. 5: 513-521.

Treutlein, J. [et al. 2005], Vorster, P., & Wink, M. 2005. Molecular relationships in Encephalartos (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) based on nucleotide sequences of nuclear ITS 1 and 2, rbcL, and genomic ISSR fingerprinting. Plant Biol. 7: 79-90.

Trevisan, R. [et al. 2023], Caetano, A. P. S., Brito, V. L. G., Oliveira, P. E., & Telles, F. J. 2023. Stamen and pollen heteromorphism linked to the division of labour in Melastomataceae species. Flora 305:152315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2023.152315

Trevor, C. H., & Dettmann, M. E. 2001. Drupe - a term in search of a definition. Austrobaileya 6: 127-131.

Triana-Moreno, L. A. [et al. 2022], Yañez, A,., Kuo, L.-Y., Rothfels, C. J., Pena, N. T. L., Schwartsburd, P. B., & Sundue, M. 2023 [= 2022]. Phylogenetic revision of Dennstaedtioideae (Dennstaedtiaceae: Polypodiales) with description of Mucura, gen. nov.. Taxon 72: 20-46.

Trias-Blasi, A. [et al. 2012], Parnell, J. A. N., & Hodkinson, T. R. 2012. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the grape family (Vitaceae). Syst. Bot. 37: 941-950.

Trias-Blasi, A. [et al. 2015], Baker, W. J., Haigh, A. L., Simpson, D. A., Weber, O., & Wilkin, P. 2015. A genus-level phylogenetic linear sequence of monocots. Taxon 64: 552-581.

Tribble, C. M. [et al. 2020/2021], Martínez-Gómez, J., Alzate-Guarín, F., Rothfels, C. J., & Specht, C. D. 2020. Comparative transcriptomics of a monocotyledonous geophyte reveals shared molecular mechanisms of underground storage organ formation. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/845602 = Tribble, C. M. [et al. 2021], Martínez-Gómez, J., Alzate-Guarín, F., Rothfels, C. J., & Specht, C. D. 2021. Comparative transcriptomics of a monocotyledonous geophyte reveals shared molecular mechanisms of underground storage organ formation. Evol. Devel. 23: 155-173.

Tribble, C. M. [et al. 2022], May, M. R., Jackson-Gain, A., Zenil-Ferguson, R., Specht, C. D., & Rothfels, C. J. 2023 [= 2022]. Unearthing modes of climatic adaptation in underground storage organs across Liliales. Syst. Biol. syac070, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac070

Tribble, C. M. [et al. 2022/2023], Alzate-Guarín, F., Gandara, E., Vartoumian, A., Burleigh, J. G., Zenil-Ferguson, R., Specht, C. D., & Rothfels, C. J. 2022. The rapid radiation of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae: Liliales), driven by the rise of the Andes. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.15.507859 = Tribble, C. M. [et al. 2023], Alzate-Guarín, F., Gándara, E., Vartoumian, A., Burleigh, J. G., Zenil-Ferguson, R., Specht, C. D., & Rothfels, C. J. 2024 [= 2023]. The rapid radiation of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae: Liliales), driven by the rise of the Andes. Evolution 78: 221-236. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpad184

Trifonova, V. I. 1990. Comparative biomorphological study of the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genera Consolida (DC.) S. F. Gray and Aconitella Spach. Collect. Bot. 19: 97-110.

Trifonova, V. I. 1998. Fruit and seed anatomy of the genus Melanophylla (Melanophyllaceae) in relation to its taxonomical position. Bot. Zhurn. 83: 97-103. [In Russian.]

Trift, I. [et al. 2002], Källersjö, M., & Anderberg, A. A. 2002. The monophyly of Primula evaluated by analysis of sequences from the chloroplast gene rbcL. Syst. Bot. 27: 396-407.

Trift, I. [et al. 2004], Lidén, M., & Anderberg, A. A. 2004. Phylogeny and biogeography of Dionysia. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 845-860.

Trinder-Smith, T. H. [et al. 2007], Linder, H. P., van der Niet, T., Verboom, G. A., & Nowell, T. L. 2007. Plastid DNA sequences reveal generic paraphyly within Diosmeae (Rutoideae, Rutaceae). Syst. Bot. 32: 847-855.

Triono, T. [et al. 2007], Brown, A. H. D., West, J. G., & Crisp, M. D. 2007. A phylogeny of Pouteria (Sapotaceae) from Malesia and Australia. Australian Syst. Bot. 20: 107-118.

Tripati, A., & Darby, D. 2018. Evidence for ephemeral middle Eocene to early Oligocene Greenland glacial ice and pan-Arctic sea ice. Nature Communic. 9:1038. doi. 10.1038/s41467-018-03180-5

Tripati, A. [et al. 2005], Backman, J., Elderfield, H., & Ferretti, P. 2005. Eocene bipolar glaciation associated with global carbon cycle changes. Nature 436: 341-346. [Corrigendum: Nature 438: 122. 2005.]

Triplett, J. K., & Clark, L. G. 2010. Phylogeny of the temperate bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) with an emphasis on Arundinaria and allies. Syst. Bot. 35: 102-120.

Triplett, J. K., & Clark, L. G. 2021. Hybridization in the temperate bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Arundinarieae): A phylogenetic study using AFLPs and cpDNA sequence data. Syst. Bot. 46: 48-69.

Triplett, J. [et al. 2011], Clark, L., Wen, J., & Peterson, P. 2011. Polyploid speciation on a grand scale: The evolution of the temperate bamboos. P. 192, in Botany 2011. Healing the Planet, Abstracts. St Louis.

Triplett, J. K. [et al. 2014], Clark, L. G., Fish, A. E., & Wen, J. 2014. Independent allopolyploidization events preceded speciation in the temperate and tropical bamboos. New Phytol. 204: 67-73.

Tripp, E. A. 2007. Evolutionary relationships within the species-rich genus Ruellia (Acanthaceae). Syst. Bot. 32: 628-649.

Tripp, E. A., & Darbyshire, I. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships among Old World Ruellia and reinstatement of the genus Dinteracanthus. Syst. Bot. 42: 470-483.

Tripp, E. A., & Darbyshire, I. 2020. Mcdadea: A new genus of Acanthaceae endemic to the Namib Desert of southwestern Angola. Syst. Bot. 45: 200-211.

Tripp, E. A., & McDade, L. A. 2013 [= 2014a]. Time-calibrated phylogenies of hummingbirds and hummingbird-pollinated plants reject a hypothesis of diffuse co-evolution. Aliso 31: 89-103.

Tripp, E. A., & McDade, L. A. 2014b. A rich fossil record yields calibrated phylogeny for Acanthaceae (Lamiales) and evidence for marked biases in timing and directionality of intercontinental disjunctions. Syst. Biol. 63: 660-684.

Tripp, E. A., & Manos, P. S. 2006. Systematics of Ruellia (Acanthaceae): A first look at evolutionary relationships within a species-rich genus. P. 263, in Botany 2006 - Looking to the Future - Conserving the Past. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Tripp, E. A., & Manos, P. S. 2008. Is floral specialization an evolutionary dead-end? Pollination system transitions in Ruellia (Acanthaceae). Evolution 62: 1712-1737.

Tripp, E. A., & Tsai, Y.-H. E. 2017. Disentangling geographical, biotic, and abiotic drivers of plant diversity in Neotropical Ruellia (Acanthaceae). PLoS ONE 12(5):e0176021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176021

Tripp, E. A. [et al. 2013a], Daniel, T. F., Fatimah, S., & McDade, L. A. 2013a. Phylogenetic relationships within Ruellieae (Acanthaceae) and a revised classification. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 174: 97-137.

Tripp, E. A. [et al. 2013b], Fatimah, S., Darbyshire, I., & McDade, L. A. 2013b. Origin of African Physacanthus via wide hybridization. PLoS ONE 8(1):e55677. doi:10:1371/journal.pone.0055677.

Tripp, E. A. [et al. 2013c], Kiel, C., & McDade, L. A. 2013c. Diffuse co-evolution between hummingbirds and New World plants. P. 243, in Botany 2013. Celebrating Diversity! July 27-31 - New Orleans. Abstracts.

Tripp, E. A. [et al. 2017a], Zhang, N., Schneider, H., Huang, Y., Mueller, G. M., Hu, Z., Häggblom, M., & Bhattacharya, D. 2017a. Reshaping Darwin's tree: Impact of symbiome. Trends Ecol. Evol. 32: 552-559.

Tripp, E. A. [et al. 2017b], Tsai, Y.-H. E., Zhuang, Y., & Dexter, K. G. 2017b. RADseq dataset with 90% missing data fully resolves radiation of Petalidium (Acanthaceae) in the ultra-arid deserts of Namibia. Ecol. Evol. 7: 7920-7936.

Trivedi, M. L. [et al. 1976], Khanna, V., & Shailja. 1976. Nodal anatomy of certain members of Bignoniaceae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 84: 31-36.

Trofimov, D., & Rohwer, J. G. 2018. Epidermal feaures allowing identification of evolutionary lineages in the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae). Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 31: 17-35.

Trofimov, D., & Rohwer, J. G. 2020. Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): An analysis with emphasis on the Old World taxa and description of the new genus Kuloa. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 192: 510-535.

Trofimov, D. [et al. 2016], Rudolph, B., & Rohwer, J. G. 2016. Phylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra (Lauraceae), and reinstatement of Damburneya. Taxon 65: 980-996.

Trofimov, D. [et al. 2019], Moraes, P. L. R. D., & Rohwer, J. G. 2019. Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): Classification principles and reinstatement of Mespilodaphne. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 189: 25-50.

Trofimov, D. [et al. 2022], Cadar, D., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., de Moraes. P. L. R., & Rohwer, J. G. 2022. A comparative analysis of complete chloroplast genomes of seven Ocotea species (Lauraceae) confirms low sequence divergence within the Ocotea complex. Sci. Reports 12:1120. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04635-4

Troìa A. 2016. Dispersal and colonization in heterosporous lycophytes: Palynological and biogeographical notes on the genus Isoetes in the Mediterranean region. Webbia 71: 277–281.

Troia, A. [et al. 2016], Pereira, J. B. S., Lee, S., & Taylor, W. C. 2016. The genus Isoëtes (Isoëtaceae): A provisional checklist of the accepted and unresolved taxa. Phytotaxa 277: 101-145.

Troll, W. 1932. Morphologie der Schildförmige Blätter. Planta 17: 231-314.

Troll, W. 1935- Vergleichende Morphologie der höheren Pflanzen. Borntraeger, Berlin. See also:

Troll, W. 1955. Über den morphologishen Werte der sogenannten Vorläuferspitze von Monokotylen Blättern. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 31: 525-558.

Troll, W. 1957. Praktische Einführung in die Pflanzenmorphologie. Zweiter Teil: Die blühende Pflanze. Gustav Fischer, Jena.

Troll, W. 1971. Vergleichende Morphologie der höheren Pflanzen: Vegetationsorgane. Register. Otto Koeltz, Koenigstein. [The Index to the whole work!]

Troll, W. 1964. Die Infloreszenzen. Typologie und Stellung im Aufbau des Vegetationskörpers, vol. 1. G. Fischer, Stuttgart.

Troll, W. 1969. Die Infloreszenzen. Typologie und Stellung im Aufbau des Vegetationskörpers, vol. 2, 1. G. Fischer, Stuttgart.

Troll, W. 1955. Über den morphologischen Wert der sogennanten Vorläuferspitze von Monokotylenblättern. Ein Beitrag zur Typologie des Monokotylenblattes. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 31: 525-558.

Troll, W., & Dietz, H. 1954. Morphologische und histogenetische Untersuchungen an Utricularia-arten. Öesterreichische Bot. Zeit. 101: 165-207.

Troll, W., & Meyer, H. J. 1955. Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen über das Zustandekommen unifazialer Blattstrukturen. Planta 46: 286-360.

Troll W., & Rauh, W. 1950. Das Erstarkungswachstum krautiger Dikotylen, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der primären Verdickungsvorgänge. Sitz. Heidelberger Akad. Wiss. Math.-naturwiss. Kl. Jahrgang 1950. 1 Abh.: 1-86

Troll, W., & Weberling, F. 1966. Die Inflorescenzen der Caprifoliaceen und ihre systematische Bedeutung. Akad. Wiss. Literat. Mainz, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 4: 455-605.

Troll, W., & Weberling, F. 1989. Infloreszenzuntersuchungen an monotelen Familien: Material zur Infloreszenzmorphologie. Gustav Fischer: Stuttgart.

Tröndle, D. [et al. 2010], Schröder, S., Kassemeyer, H.-H., Kiefer, C., Koch, M. A., & Nick, P. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Vitis (Vitaceae) based on plastid markers. American J. Bot. 97: 1168-1178.

Trouslot, M. F. [et al. 1993], Champagnat, M., Tort, M., Loiseau, M., & Eraud, C. 2993. Developmental morphology of seedlings of Dioscorea cayenensis - D. rotundata complex. Phytomorph. 43: 49-57.

Trovó, M., & Stützel, T. 2011. Diaspores in Eriocaulaceae: Morphology, mechanisms, and implications. Feddes Repert. 122: 465-464.

Trovó, M., & Stützel, T. 2019. Inflorescence structure in the Eriocaulaceae clade of Paepalanthus dimerous-flowered species and allied groups: Tackling evolutionary and taxonomic questions. Flora 259:151461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.151461

Trovó, M. [et al. 2010], Stützel, T., Scatena, V. L., & Sano, P. T. 2010. Morphology and anatomy of inflorescence and inflorescence axis in Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae, Poales) and its taxonomic implications. Flora 205: 242-250.

Trovó, M. [et al. 2013], Andrade, M. G., Sano, P., Ribeiro, P., & van den Berg, P. 2013. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Neotropical Paepalanthoideae Ruhland with emphasis on Brazilian Paepalanthus Mart. (Eriocaulaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 171: 225-243.

Trovó, M. [et al. 2018], Picanço, W. L., & Conçalves-Esteves, V. 2018. Taxonomy, palynology, and seed morphology of Paepalanthus decumbens, a new species of Eriocaulaceae from Minas Geraes, Brazil. Plant Ecol. Evol. 151: 252-261.

Trucchi, G. P. [et al. 2003], Littardi, C., & Campodonio, P. (eds). 2003. Dies palmarum. Centro Studi e Ricerche per le Palme, Sanremo.

Trueba, S. [et al. 2015], Rowe, N. P., Neinhuis, C., Wanke, S, Wagner, S. T., & Isnard, S. 2015. Stem anatomy and the evolution of woodiness in Piperales. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 176: 468-495.

Trujillo, J. T. [et al. 2018], Seetharam, A. S., Hufford, M. B., Beilstein, M. A., & Mosher, R. A. 2018. Evidence for a unique DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cereal crops. Molec. Biol. Evol. 35: 2454-2462.

Tryon, A. F., & Lugardon, B. 1991. Spores of the Pteridophyta. Surface, Wall Structure, and Diversity Based on Electron Microscope Studies. Springer, New York.

Tsai, T. 2016. The Receptacular Nectar Tubes of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae): A Study of Development, Length Variation, and Histology. Master's Theses, University of Connecticut. 950. http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/950

Tsai, T. [et al. 2018], Diggle, P. K., Frye, H. A., & Jones, C. S. 2018. Contrasting lengths of Pelargonium floral nectar tubes result from late differences in rate and duration of growth. Ann. Bot. 121: 549-560.

Tsang, A. C. W., & Corlett, R. T. 2005. Reproductive biology of the Ilex species (Aquifoliaceae) in Hong Kong, China. Canadian J. Bot. 83: 1645-1654.

Tsavkelova, E. A. [et al. 2022], Glukhareva, I. D., Volynchikova, E. A., Egorova, M. A., Leontieva, M. R., Malakhova, D. V., Kolomeitseva, G. L., & Netrusov, A. I. 2022. Cyanobacterial root associations of leafless epiphytic orchids. Microorg. 10(5):1006. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051006

Tschapka, M. [ et al. 2006], Dressler, S., & von Helversen, O. 2006. Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae). Flora 201: 383-388.

Tschudy, R. H., & Tschudy, B. D. 1986. Extinction and survival of plant life following the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event, eastern interior, North America. Geology 14: 667-670.

Tseng, C. C. 1967. Anatomical studies of flower and fruit in Hydrocotyloideae (Umbelliferae). Univ. California Publ. Bot. 42: 1-79.

Tseng, Y.-H. [et al. 2012], Wei, Y.-G., Monro, A., & Hu, J.-M. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of Elatostema sensu lato (Urticaceae) based on sequences of nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnH-psbA spacer. P. 228, in Botany 2012: The Next Generation. July 7-11 - Columbus, Ohio. Abstracts.

Tseng, Y.-H. [et al. 2018], Monro, A., Wei, Y.-G., & Hu, J.-M. 2019 [= 2018]. Molecular phylogeny and morphology of Elatostema s.l. (Urticaceae): Implications for inter- and infrageneric classifications. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 132: 251-264.

Tseng, Y.-H. [et al. 2024], Kuo, L.-Y., Borokini, I., & Fawcett, S. 2024. The role of deep hybridization in fern speciation: Examples from the Thelypteridaceae. American J. Bot. 111(8):e16388. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16388

Tsevegsüren, N. [et al. 1999], Aitzetmüller, K., & Vosmann, K. 1999. Occurrence of γ-linolenic acid in Compositae: A study of Youngia tenuicaulis seed oil. Lipids 34: 525-529.

Tsevegsüren, N. [et al. 2004], Aitzetmüller, K., & Vosmann, K. 2004. Geranium sanguineum (Geraniaceae) seed oil: A new source of petroselinic and vernolic acid. Lipids 39: 571-576.

Tsiantis, M. [et al. 2002], Hay, A., Ori, N., Kaur, H., Henderson, I., Holtan, H., McCormick, S., & Hake, S. 2002. Developmental signals regulating leaf form. Pp. 418-430, in Cronk, Q. C. B., Bateman, R. M., & Hawkins, J. A. (eds), Developmental Genetics and Plant Evolution. Taylor and Francis, London.

Tsikou, D. [et al. 2018], Yan, Z., Holt, D. B., Abel, N. B., Reid, D. E., Madsen, L. H., Bhasin, H., Sexauer, M., Stougaard, J., & Markmann, K. 2018. Systemic control of legume susceptibility to rhizobial infection by a mobile microRNA. Science 362: 233-236.

Tsou, C.-H. 1994a. The embryology, reproductive morphology and systematics of Lecythidaceae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 71: 1-112.

Tsou, C. H. 1994b. The classification and evolution of pollen types of Planchonioideae (Lecythidaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 189: 15-27.

Tsou, C.-H. 1995. Embryology of Theaceae - anther and ovule development of Adinandra, Cleyera and Eurya. J. Plant Res. 108: 77-86.

Tsou, C.-H. 1997. Embryology of the Theaceae - anther and ovule development of Camellia, Franklinia, and Schima. American J. Bot. 84: 369-381.

Tsou, C.-H. 1998. Early floral development of Camellioideae (Theaceae). American J. Bot. 85: 1531-1547.

Tsou, C.-H., & Fou, Y.-L. 2002. Tetrad pollen formation in Annona (Annonaceae): Proexine formation and binding mechanism. American J. Bot. 89: 734-747.

Tsou, C.-H., & Fou, Y.-L. 2007. Octad pollen formation in Cymbopetalum (Annonaceae): the binding mechanism. Plant Syst. Evol. 263: 13-23.

Tsou, C.-H., & Johnson, D. M. 2003. Comparative development of aseptate and septate anthers of Annonaceae. American J. Bot. 90: 832-848.

Tsou, C.-H., & Mori, S. A. 2002. Seed coat anatomy and its relationship to seed dispersal in subfamily Lecythidoideae of the Lecythidaceae (the Brazil nut family). Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 43: 37-56.

Tsou, C.-H., & Mori, S. A. 2007. Floral organogenesis and floral evolution of the Lecythidoideae (Lecythidaceae). American J. Bot. 94: 716-736.

Tsou, C.-h. [et al. 2016], Li, L., & Vijayan, K. 2016. the intra-familial relationships of Pentaphylacaceae s.l. as revealed by DNA sequence analysis. Biochem. Genet. 54: 270-282.

Tsuchiya, Y., & McCourt, P. 2009. Strigolactones: A new hormone with a past. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 12: 556-561.

Tsudzuki, J. [et al. 1992], Nakashima, K., Tsudzuki, K., Hiratsuka, J., Shibata, M., Wakasugi, T., & Suguira, M., 1992. Chloroplast DNA of black pine retains a residual inverted repeat lacking rRNA genes: Nucleotide sequences of trnQ, trnK, psbA, trnL and trnH and the absence of rps16. Molec. Gen. Genetics 232: 206-214.

Tsuji, S. [et al. 2007], Ueda, K., Nishiyama, T., Hasebe, M., Yoshikawa, S., Konagaya, A., Nishiuchi, T., & Yamaguchi, K. 2007. The chloroplast genome from a lycophyte (microphyllophyte), Selaginella uncinata, has a unique inversion, transpositions and many gene losses. J. Plant Res. 120: 281-290.

Tsujimura, M. [et al. 2018], Kaneko, T., Sakamoto, T., Kimura, S., Shigyo, M., Yamagishi, H., & Terachi, T. 2018. Multichromosomal structure of the onion mitochondrial genome and a transcript analysis. Mitochondrion

Tsukada, M. 1963. Pollen morphology and identification I. Eucaesalpinieae. Pollen Spores 5: 239-284.

Tsukada, M. 1964. Pollen morphology and identification II. Cactaceae. Pollen Spores 6: 45-84.

Tsukaya, H. 2005. Unusual organogenesis in Monophyllaea and Guarea from viewpoint of developmental genetics on leaf morphogenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana. P. 97, in XVII International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, Europe. [Abstracts.]

Tsukaya, H. 2006. Mechanism of leaf shape determination. Annual Review Plant Biol. 57: 477-496.

Tsukaya, H. [et al. 2007], Yokota, M., & Okada, H. 2007. Chromosomal characters of Oxygyne shinzatoi (Burmanniaceae) and its phylogenetic significance. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 58: 100-106.

Tsumura, Y. [et al. 1995], Yoshimura, K., Tomaru, N., & Ohba, K. 1995. Molecular phylogeny of conifers using RFLP analysis of PCR-amplified specific chloroplast genes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 1222-1236.

Tsumura Y. [et al. 2011], Kado, T., Yoshida, K., Abe, H., Ohtani, M., Taguchi, Y., Fukue, Y., Tani, N., Ueno, S., Yoshimura, K., Kamiya, K., Harada, K., Takeuchi, Y., Diway, B., Finkeldey, R., Na'iem, M., Indrioko, S., Ng, K. K, Muhammad, N., & Lee, S. L. 2011. Molecular database for classifying Shorea species (Dipterocarpaceae) and techniques for checking the legitimacy of timber and wood products. J. Plant Res. 124: 35-48.

Tsutsui, K. [et al. 2009], Suwa, A., Sawada, K., Kato, T., Ohsawa, T. A., & Watano, Y. 2009. Incongruence among mitochondrial, chloroplast and nuclear gene trees in Pinus subgenus Strobus (Pinaceae). J. Plant Res. 122: 509–521.

Tsutsumi, C. 2011. The phylogenetic positions of four endangered Vaccinium species in Japan. Bull. National Mus. Natural Sci., Ser. B, 37: 79-86.

Tsutsumi, C., & Kato, M. 2006. Evolution of epiphytes in Davalliaceae and related ferns. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 151: 495-510.

Tsutsumi, C., & Kato, M. 2008. Morphology and evolution of epiphytic Davalliaceae scales. Botany 86: 1393-1403.

Tsutsumi, C. [et al. 2016], Chen, C.-W., Larsson, A., Hirayama, Y., & Kato, M. 2016. Phylogeny and classification of Davalliaceae on the basis of chloroplast and nuclear markers. Taxon 65: 1236-1248.

Tsymbalyuk, Z. M. 2008. Palynomorphological peculiarities of the family Chenopodiaceae members. Bot. Zhurn. 93: 430-438, pl. 1-4. [In Russian.]

Tsymbalyuk, Z. M., & Mosyakin S. L. 2013. Atlas of Pollen Grains of Representatives of Plantaginaceae and Scrophulariaceae. National Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. [In Russian.]

Tsymbalyuk, Z. M. [et al. 2023], Mosyakin S. L., & Nitsenko, L. M. 2023. Pollen morphology of the Boschniaka-Epifagus clade (Orobanchaceae): Implications for taxonomy and phylogeny. Kew Bull. 78: 563-575.

Tu, T. [et al. 2008], Dillon, M. O., Sun, H., & Wen, J. 2008. Phylogeny of Nolana (Solanaceae) of the Atacama and Peruvian deserts inferred from sequences of four plastid markers and the nuclear LEAFY second intron. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 49: 561-573.

Tu, T. [et al. 2010], Volis, S., Dillon, M. O., Sun, H., & Wen, J. 2010. Dispersals of Hyoscyameae and Mandragoreae (Solanaceae) from the New World to Eurasia in the early Miocene and their biogeographic diversification within Eurasia. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 57: 1225-1237.

Tucker, C. M. [et al. 2017], Cadotte, M. W., Carvalho, S. B., Davies, T. J., Ferrier, S., Fritz, S. A., Grenyer, R., Helmus, M. R., Jin, L. A., Mooers, A. O., Pavoine, S., Purschke, O., Redding, D. W., Rosauer, D. F., Winter, M. & Mazel, F. 2017. A guide to phylogenetic metrics for conservation, community ecology and macroecology. Biol. Reviews 92: 698-715.

Tucker, G. C. 1989. The genera of Commelinaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 70: 97-130.

Tucker, J. M. 1974. Patterns of parallel evolution of leaf form in New World oaks. Taxon 23: 129-154.

Tucker, S. C. 1959. Ontogeny of the inflorescence and flower in Drimys winteri var. chilensis. Univ. California Publ. Bot. 30: 257-335.

Tucker, S. C. 1964. The terminal idioblasts in magnoliaceous leaves. American J. Bot. 51: 1051-1062.

Tucker, S. C. 1981. Inflorescence and floral development in Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae). American J. Bot. 68: 1017-1032.

Tucker, S. C. 1982. Inflorescence and flower development in the Piperaceae III. Floral ontogeny of Piper. American J. Bot. 69: 1389-1401.

Tucker, S. C. 1984a. Origin of symmetry in flowers. Pp. 351-395, in White, R. A., & Dickison, W. C. (eds), Contemporary Problems in Plant Anatomy. Academic Press, New York.

Tucker, S. C. 1984b. Unidirectional organ initiation in leguminous flowers. American J. Bot. 71: 1139-1148.

Tucker, S. C. 1987a. Floral initiation and development in legumes. Pp. 183-239, in Stirton, C. H. (ed.), Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tucker, S. C. 1987b. Pseudoracemes in papilionoid legumes: Their nature, development and variation. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 95: 181-206.

Tucker, S. C. 1988a. Loss versus suppression of floral organs. Pp. 69-82, in Leins, P., Tucker, S. C., & Endress, P. K. (eds), Aspects of Floral development. J. Cramer, Stuttgart.

Tucker, S. C. 1988b. Heteromorphic flower development in Neptunia pubescens, a mimosoid legume. American J. Bot. 75: 205-224.

Tucker, S. C. 1989. Evolutionary implications of floral ontogeny in legumes. Pp. 59-75, in Stirton, C. H., & Zarucchi, J. L. (eds), Advances in Legume Biology. Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis. [Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, 29.]

Tucker, S. C. 1990. Loss of floral organs in Ateleia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Sophoreae). American J. Bot. 77: 750-761.

Tucker, S. C. 1991. Helical floral oragnogenesis in Gleditsia, a primitive caesalpinioid legume. American J. Bot. 78: 1130-1149.

Tucker, S. C. 1993. Floral ontogeny in Sophoreae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). I. Myroxylon (Myroxylon group) and Castanospermum (Angylocalyx group). American J. Bot. 80: 65-75.

Tucker, S. C. 1996a. Stamen structure and development in legumes, with emphasis on poricidal stamens of caesalpinioid tribe Cassieae. Pp. 236-254, in D'Arcy, W. G., & Keating, R. C. (eds), The Anther: Form, Function and Phylogeny. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Tucker, S. C. 1996b. Trends in evolution of floral ontogeny in Cassia sensu stricto, Senna and Chamaecrista (Leguminosae: Caesalpiniodeae: Cassieae: Cassiinae): A study in convergence. American J. Bot. 83: 687-711.

Tucker, S. C. 1997. Floral evolution, development, and convergence, the hierarchical significance hypothesis. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 158(6 suppl.): S143-S161.

Tucker, S. C. 1998. Floral ontogeny in legume genera Petalostylis, Labichea, and Dialium (Caesalpinioideae: Cassieae), a series in floral reduction. American J. Bot. 85: 184-208.

Tucker, S. C. 1999a. The inflorescence: Introduction. Bot. Review 65: 303-316.

Tucker, S. C. 1999b. Evolutionary lability of symmetry in early floral development. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 160(6 suppl.): S25-S39.

Tucker, S. 2000. Organ loss in detarioid and other leguminous flowers, and the possibility of saltatory evolution. Pp. 233-248, in Herendeen, P. S., & Bruneau, A. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tucker, S. C. 2001. Floral development in Schotia and Cynometra (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Detarieae). American J. Bot. 88: 1164-1180.

Tucker, S. C. 2002a. Floral ontogeny of Cercis (Leguminosae: Caesalpinoideae: Cercideae): Does it show convergence with papilionoids? Internat. J. Plant Sci. 163: 75-87.

Tucker, S. C. 2002b. Comparative floral development in Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). 1. Radially symmetrical taxa lacking organ suppression. American J. Bot. 89: 875-887.

Tucker, S. C. 2002c. Comparative floral development in Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). 2. Zygomorphic taxa with petal and stamen suppression. American J. Bot. 89: 888-907.

Tucker, S. C. 2003a. Floral development in legumes. Plant Physiol. 131: 911-926.

Tucker, S. C. 2003b. Floral ontogeny in Swartzia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Swartzieae): Distribution and role of the ring meristem. American J. Bot. 90: 1274-1292.

Tucker, S. C. 2003c. Comparative floral development in Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). 3. Adaxially initiated whorls in Julbernardia and Sindora. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164: 275-286.

Tucker, S. C. 2006. Floral ontogeny of Hardenbergia violacea (Fabaceae: Faboideae: Phaseoleae) and taxa of tribes Bossiaeeae and Mirbelieae, with emphasis on the presence of pseudoraceme inflorescences. Australian Syst. Bot. 19: 193-210.

Tucker, S. C., & Bernhardt, P. 2000. Floral ontogeny, pattern formation, and evolution in Hibbertia and Adrastea (Dilleniaceae). American J. Bot. 87: 1915-1936.

Tucker, S. C., & Bourland, J. A. 1994. Ontogeny of staminate and carpellate flowers of Schisandra glabra (Schisandraceae). Plant Syst. Evol. [Suppl.] 8: 137-158.

Tucker, S. C., & Douglas, A. W. 1994. Ontogenetic evidence and phylogenetic relationships among basal taxa of legumes. Pp. 11-32, in Ferguson, I. K., & Tucker, S. C. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics Part 6. Structural Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Tucker, S. C., & Douglas, A. W. 1996. Floral structure, development, and relationships of paleoherbs: Saruma, Cabomba, Lactoris, and selected Piperales. Pp. 141-175, in D. W. Taylor and L. J. Hickey (eds), Flowering Plant Origin, Evolution and Phylogeny. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Tucker, S. C., & Grimes, J. 1999. The inflorescence: Introduction. Bot. Review 65: 303-316.

Tucker, S. C., & Hodges, S. A. 2005. Floral ontogeny of Aquilegia, Semiaquilegia and Enemion (Ranunculaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 166: 557-574.

Tucker, S. C., & Kantz, K. E. 2001. Open carpels with ovules in Fabaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 162: 1065-1073.

Tucker, S. C., & Stirton, C. H. 1991. Development of the cymose inflorescence, cupulum and flower of Psoralea pinnata (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Psoraleeae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 106: 209-227.

Tucker, S. C. [et al. 1985], Stein, O. L., & Derstine, K. S. 1985. Floral development in Caesalpinia (Leguminosae). American J. Bot. 72: 1424-1434.

Tucker, S. C. [et al. 1993], Douglas, A. W., & Han-Xing, L. 1993. Utility of ontogenetic and conventional characters in determining phylogenetic relationships of Saururaceae and Piperaceae (Piperales). Syst. Bot. 18: 614-641.

Tucker, S. C. [et al. 2002], Klitgaard, B. B., Fougère-Danezan, M., & Bruneau, A. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis of combined floral ontogenetic and molecular characters in the Detarieae s.l. (Caesalpinioideae: Leguminosae). P. 155, in Botany 2002: Botany in the Curriculum. Abstracts. [Madison, Wisconsin.]

Tuckett, R. E. [et al. 2010], Merritt, D. J., Rudall, P. J., Hay, F., Hopper, S. D., Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M., Tratt, J., & Dixon, K. W. 2010. A new type of specialized morphophysiological dormancy and seed storage behaviour in Hydatellaceae, an early-divergent angiosperm family. Ann. Bot. 105: 1953-1061.

Tuell, J. K. [et al. 2009], Ascher, J. S., & Isaacs, R. 2009. Wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of the Michigan highbush blueberry agroecosystem. Ann. Entomol. Soc. America 102: 275-287.

Tulyananda, T., & Nilsen, E. T. 2017. The role of idioblasts in leaf water relations of tropical Rhododendron. American J. Bot. 104: 829-839.

Tunggawihardja, M., & Bachelier, J. B. 2024 [= 2023]. Floral structure and development in Nandina domestica and implications for systematic affinities in Berberidaceae and perianth evolution in Ranunculales. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 205: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boad074

Tunlid, A. [et al. 2017], Floudas, D., Koide, R., & Rineau, F. 2017. Soil organic matter decomposition mechanisms in ectomycorrhizal fungi. Pp. 257-275, in Martin, F. (ed.), Molecular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Wiley Blackwell, Hoboken.

Turcotte, M. M. [et al. 2014], Davies, T. J., Thomsen, C. J. M., & Johnson, M. T. J. 2014. Macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns of leaf herbivory across vascular plants. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 281: 20140555 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0555

Turetsky, M. R. [et al. 2008], Crow, S. E., Evans, R. J., Vitt, D. H., & Wieder, R. K. 2008. Trade-offs in resource allocation among moss species controls decomposition in boreal peatlands. J. Ecol. 96: 1297-1305.

Turetsky, M. R. [et al. 2015], Benscoter, B., Page, S., Rein, G., van der Werf, G. R., &anp; Watts, A. 2015. Global vulnerability of peatlands to fire and carbon loss. Nature Geosci. 8: 11-14.

Turgay Unver [et al 2017], Wu, Z., Sterck, L., Turktas, M., Lohaus, R., Li, Z., Yang, M., He, L., Deng, T., Escalante, F. J., Llorens, C., Roig, F. J., Parmaksiz, I., Dundar, E., Xie, F., Zhang, B., Ipek, A., Uranbey, S., Erayman, M., Ilhan, E., Badad, O., Ghazal, H., Lightfoot, D. A., Kasarla, P., Colantonio, V., Tombuloglu, H., Hernandez, P., Mete, N., Cetin, O., Van Montagu, M., Yang, H., Gao, Q., Dorado, G., & Van de Peer, Y. 2017. Genome of wild olive and the evolution of oil biosynthesis. Proc. National Acad. Sci. E9413-E9422. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1708621114

Turgeon, J. J. [et aL. 1994], Roques, A., & de Groot, P. 1994. Insect fauna of coniferous seed cones: Diversity, host plant interactions, and management. Annual Review Entomol. 39: 179-212.

Turgeon, R. 2010a. The role of phloem loading reconsidered. Plant Physiol. 152: 1817-1823.

Turgeon, R. 2010b. The puzzle of phloem pressure. Plant Physiol. 154: 578-581.

Turgeon, R., & Ayre, B. G. 2005. Pathways and mechanisms of phloem loading. Pp. 45-67, in Holbrook, N. M., & Zwieniecki, M. A., Vascular Transport in Plants. Elsevier/Academic Press, Oxford.

Turgeon, R., & Oparka, K. 2010. The secret phloem of pumpkins. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 107: 13201-13202.

Turgeon, R. [et al. 2001], Medville, R., & Nixon, K. C. 2001. The evolution of minor vein phloem and phloem loading. American J. Bot. 88: 1331-1339.

Türke, M. [et al. 2011], Andreas, K., Gossner, M. M., Kowalski, E., Lange, M., Boch, S., Socher, S. A., Müller, J., Prati, D., Fischer, M., Meyhöfer, R., & Weisser, W. W. 2012 [= 2011]. Are gastropods, rather than ants, important dispersers of seeds of myrmecochorous forest herbs? American Naturalist 179: 124-131.

Turmel, M., & Lemieux, C. 2018. Evolution of the plastid genome of green algae. Adv. Bot. Research 85: 157-193. [Chaw, S. M., & Jansen, R. K. (eds). Plastid Genome Evolution.]

Turmel, M. [et al. 1999], Otis, C., & Lemieux, C. 1999. The complete chloroplast DNA sequence of the green alga Nephroselmis olivacea: Insights into architecvture of ancestral chloro-plast genomes. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 96: 10248-10253.

Turmel, M. [et al. 2002], Otis, C., & Lemieux, C. 2002. The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Mesostigma viride identifies this green alga as the earliest green plant divergence and predicts a highly compact mitochondrial genome in the ancestor of all green plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 19: 24-38.

Turmel, M. [et al. 2003], Otis, C., & Lemieux, C. 2003. The mitochondrial genome of Chara vulgaris: Insights into the mitoochondrial DNA architecture of the last common ancestor of green algae and land plants. Plant Cell 15: 1888-1903.

Turmel, M. [et al. 2006], Otis, C., & Lemieux, C. 2006. The chloroplast genome sequence of Chara vulgaris sheds new light into the closest green algal relatives of land plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 23: 1324-1338.

Turmel, M. [et al. 2007], Pombert, J.-F., Charlebois, P., Otis, C., & Lemieux, C. 2007. The green algal ancestry of land plants as revealed by the chloroplast genome. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 679-689.

Turner, B. [et al. 2013a], Munzinger, J., Duangjai, S., Temsch, E. M., Stockenhuber, R., Barfuss, M. H. J., Chase, M. W., & Samuel, R. 2013a. Molecular phylogenetics of New Caledonian Diospyros (Ebenaceae) using plastid and nuclear markers. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 69: 740-763.

Turner, B. [et al. 2013b], Paun, O., Munzinger, J., Duangjai, S., Chase, M. W., & Samuel, R. 2013b. Analyses of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) indicate rapid radiation of Diospyros species (Ebenaceae) endemic to New Caledonia. BMC Evol. Biol. 13:269. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-269

Turner, B. [et al. 2016], Paun, O., Munzinger, J., Chase, M. W., & Samuel, R. 2016. Sequencing of whole plastid genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA of Diospyros species (Ebenaceae) endemic to New Caledonia: Many species, little divergence. Ann. Bot. 117: 1175-1185.

Turner, B. L., & Cernusak, L. A. (eds). 2011. Ecology of the Podocarpaceae in Tropical Forests. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. [Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 95.]

Turner, B. L. [et al. 2012], Lambers, H., Condron, L. M., Cramer, M. D., Leake, J. R., Richardson, A. E., & Smith, S. E. 2013 [= 2012]. Soil microbial biomass and the fate of phosphorus during long-term ecosystem development. Plant Soil 367: 225-234.

Turner, G. W. 1986. Comparative develeopment of secretory cavities in the tribes Amorpheae and Psoraleae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). American J. Bot. 73: 1178-1192.

Turner, G. W. 1999. A brief history of the lysigenous gland hypothesis. Bot. Review 65: 76-88.

Turner, G. W. [et al. 1998], Berry, A. M., & Gifford, E. M. 1998. Schizogenous secretory cavities of Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., and a review of the lysigenous gland concept. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 159: 75-88.

Turner, H.-A. [et al. 2023], Humpage, M., Kerp, H., & Hetherington, A. J. 2023. Leaves and sporangia developed in rare non-Fibonacci spirals in early leafy plants. Science 389: 1188-1192.

Turner, I. M. 2011. A catalogue of the Annonaceae of Borneo. Phytotaxa 36: 1-120.

Turner, K. M., & Frederickson, M. E. 2013. Signals can trump rewards in attracting seed-dispersing ants. PLoS ONE 8(8):e71871. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071871

Turner, P. A. M. [et al. 2006], Scott, J. J., & Rozefelds, A. C. 2006. Probable long distance dispersal of Leptinella plumosa Hook. f. to Heard Island: Habitat, status and discussion of its arrival. Polar Biol. 29: 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-005-0035-z (2006).

Turner, S. R. [et al. 2009], Cook, A., Baskin, J. M., Baskin, C. C., Tuckett, R. E., Steadman, K. J., & Dixon, K. W. 2009. Identification and characterization of the water gap in the physically dormant seeds of Dodonaea petiolaris: A first report for Sapindaceae. Ann. Bot. 104: 833-844.

Turvey, S. T., & Risley, C. L. 2006 [= 2005]. Modelling the extinction of Steller's sea cow. Biol. Lett. 2: 94-97. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2005.0415

Tusiime, F. M. [et al. 2020], Gizaw, A., Gussarova, G., Nemomissa, S., Popp, M., Masao, C. A., Wondimu, T., Abdi, A. A., Mirré, V., Muwanika, V., Eilu, G., & Brochmann, C. 2020. Afro-alpine flagships revisited: Parallel adaptation, intermountain admixture and shallow genetic structuring in the giant senecios (Dendrosenecio). PLoS ONE 15(3):e0228979. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228979

Tuskan, G. A. [et al. 2006], DiFazio, S., Jansson, S., Bohlmann, J., Grigoriev, I., Hellsten, U., Putnam, M., Ralph, S, Rombauts, S., Salamov, A., Schein, J., Sterck, L., Aerts, A., Bhalerao, R. R., Bhalerao, R. P., Blaudez, D., Boerjan, W., Brun, A., Brunner, A., Busov, V., Campbell, M., Carlson, J., Chalot, M., Chapman, J., Chen, G.-L., Cooper, D., Coutinho, P. M., Couturier, J., Covet, S., Cronk, Q., Cunningham, R., Davis, J., Degroeve, S., Déjardin, A., dePamphilis, C., Detter, J., Dirks, B., Dubchak, I., Duplessis, S., Ehlting, J., Ellis, B., Gendler, K., Goodstein, D., Gribskov, M., Grimwood, J., Groover, A., Gunter, L., Hamberger, B., Heinze, B., Helariutta, Y., Henrissat, B., Holligan, D., Holt, R., Huang, W., Islam-Faridi, N., Jones, S., Jones-Rhoades, M., Jorgensen, R., Joshi, C., Kangasjärvi, J., Karlsson, J., Kelleher, C., Kirkpatrick, R., Kirst, M., Kohler, A., Kalluri, U., Larimer, F., Leebens-Mack, J., Leplé, J.-C., Locascio, P., Lou, Y., Lucas, S., Martin, F., Montanini, M., Napoli, C., Nelson, D. R., Nelson, C., Nieminen, K., Nilsson, O., Pereda, V., Peter, G., Philippe, R., Pilate, G., Poliakov, A., Razumovskaya, J., Richardson, P., Rinaldi, C., Ritland, K., Rouzé, P., Ryaboy, D., Schmutz, J., Schrader, J., Segerman, B., Shin, H., Siddiqui, A., Sterky, F., Terry, A., Tsai, C.-J., Uberbacher, E., Unneberg, P., Vahala, J., Wall, K., Wessler, S., Yang, G., Yin, T., Douglas, C., Marra, M., Sandberg, G., Van de Peer, Y., & Rokhsar, D. 2006. The genome of black cottonwood Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray). Science 313: 1596-1604.

Twilley, R. R. [et al. 2018], Rovai, A. S., & Riul, P. 2018. Coastal morphology explains global blue carbon distributions. Front. Ecol. Environ. 16: 503-508. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1937

Twyford, A. D. 2017. New insights into the population bioogy of endoparasitic Rafflesiaceae. American J. Bot. 104: 1433-1436.

Twyford, A. D. [et al. 2015a], Kidner, C. A., & Ennos, R. A. 2015a. Maintenance of species boundaries in a Neotropical radiation of Begonia. Molec. Ecol. 24: 4982-4993.

Twyford, A. D. [et al. 2015b], Streifeld, M. A., Lowry, D. B., & Friedman, J. 2015b. Genomic studies on the nature of species: Adaptation and speciation in Mimulus. Molec. Ecol. 24: 2601-2609.

Tybirk, K. 1997. Reproductive biology and evolution of the genus Acacia. Bull. Internat. Group Study Mimosoid. 30: 45-53.

Tyler, A. A. 1897. The nature and origin of stipules. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 10: 1-49, pl. 1-3.

Tyrrell, C. D. [et al. 2009], Triplett, J. K., Santos-Gonçalves, A. P., Londoño, X., & Clark, L. G. 2009. Phylogeny, morphological evolution, and generic classification within Arthrostylidiinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae). P. 183, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Tyrrell, C. D. [et al. 2012], Santos-Gonçalves, A. P., Londoño, X., & Clark, L. G. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the arthrostylidioid bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) and new genus Didymogonyx. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 65: 136-148.

Tyteca, D., & Klein, E. 2008. Genes, morphology and biology - the systematics of Orchidinae revisited. J. Europäischer Orchid. 40: 501-544.

Tyteca, D., & Klein, E. 2009. Genes, morphology and biology - the systematics of Orchidinae revisited: A reappraisal. J. Europäischer Orchid. 41: 473-480.

Tzakou, O. [et al. 2001], Yannitsaros, A., & Vassiliades, D. D. 2001. Investigation of the C16:3/C18:3 fatty acid balance in leaf tissues of Biebersteinia orphanidis Boiss. (Biebersteiniaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 29: 765-767.

Tzeng, T.-Y., & Yang, C.-H. 2001. A MADS box gene from lily (Lilium longiflorum is sufficient togenerate dominant negative mutation by interacting with PISTILLATA (Pi) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 42: 1156-1168.

Uberti, N. [et al. 2016], Reutemann, A., Ardissone, R., & Vegetti, A. 2016. Spikelet structure in Cypereae (Cyperoideae-Cyperaceae). Bot. Review 82: 239-257.

Uchida, N. [et al. 2010], Kimura, S., Koenig, D., & Sinha, N. 2010. Coordination of leaf development via regulation of KNOX1 genes. J. Plant Res. 123: 7-14.

Uchiyama, H. 1989. Karyomorphological studies on some taxa of the Helobieae (Alismatidae), J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., ser. B, div. 2 (Botany) 22: 271-352.

Ueda, K. [et al. 1997b], Hanyuda, T., Nakano, A., Shiuchi, T., Seo, A., Okubo, H., & Hotta, M. 1997a. Molecular phylogenetic position of Podostemaceae, a marvelous aquatic flowering plant family. J. Plant Res. 110: 87-92.

Ueda, K. [et al. 1997b], Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. 1997b. A molecular phylogeny of Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales) based on rbcL nucleotide sequences. J. Plant Res. 110: 171-178.

Ueda, K. [et al. 2000], Yamashita, J., & Tamura, M. N. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae. Pp. 205-209, in Liu, Y.-H., Fan, H.-M., Chen, Z.-Y., Wu, Q.-G. & Zeng, Q.-W. (eds), Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae, May 18-22, 1998, Guangzhou, China. Science Press, Beijing.

Ueda, S. [et al. 2008], Quek, S.-P., Itioka, T., Inamori, K., Sato, Y., Murase, K., & Itino, T. 2008. An ancient tripartite symbiosis of plants, ants and scale insects. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 275: 2319-2326.

Uehara K., & Murakami S. 1995. Arrangement of microtubules during spore formation of Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae). American J. Bot. 82: 75-80.

Uehara, K., & Saiki, K. 2011. Pollen wall development in Sciadopitys verticillata (Sciadopityaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 294: 177-183.

Ueno, O., & Hatakeyama, Y. 2018. Presence of chloroplasts in the mestome sheath cells of the C3 pooid grass Elymus tsukushiensis. Pland Product. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2018.1510292

Ueno, O. [et al. 2006], Kawano, Y., Wakayama, M., & Takeda, T. 2006. Leaf vascular systems in C3 and C4 grasses: A two-dimensional analysis. Ann. Bot. 97: 611-621.

Uhl, C. H. 1976. Chromosomes, hybrids and ploidy of Sedum cremnophila and Echeveria linguifolia (Crassulaceae). American J. Bot. 63: 806-820.

Uhl, C. H. 1992. Polyploidy, dysploidy, and chromosome pairing in Echeveria (Crassulaceae) and its hybrids. American J. Bot. 79: 556-566.

Uhl, D. 2006. Fossil plants as palaeoenvironmental proxies - some remarks on selected approaches. Acta Palaeobot. 46: 87-100.

Uhl, N. W. 1972. Inflorescence and flower structure in Nypa fruticans (Palmae). American J. Bot. 59: 729-743.

Uhl, N. 1978. Floral anatomy of the five species of Hyophorbe. Gentes Herb. 11: 246-267.

Uhl, N. A. 1988. Floral organogenesis in palms. Pp. 25-44, in Leins, P., Tucker, S. C., & Endress, P. K. (eds), Aspects of Floral Development. J. Kramer, Berlin.

Uhl, N. W., & Dransfield, J. 1984. Development of the inflorescence, androecium, and gynoecium with reference to palms. Pp. 397-449, in White, R. A., & Dickison, W. C. (eds), Contemporary Problems in Plant Aanatomy. Academic Press, New York.

Uhl, N. W., & Dransfield, J. 1987. Genera palmarum. L. H. Bailey Hortorium and the International Palm Society, Allen Press, Kansas.

Uhl, N. W., & Moore, H. E. Jr. 1971. The palm gynoecium. American J. Bot. 58: 945-992.

Uhl, N. W., & Moore, H. E. Jr. 1973. The protection of pollen and ovules in palms. Principes 17: 111-149.

Uhl, N. W., & Moore, H. E. Jr. 1977. Centrifugal stamen initiation in phyelephantoid palms. American J. Bot. 64: 1152-1161.

Uhl, N. W., & Moore, H. E. Jr. 1978. The structure of the acervulus, the flower cluster of the chamaedoreoid palms. American J. Bot. 65: 197-204.

Uhl, N. W., & Moore, H. E. Jr. 1980. Androecial development in six polyandrous genera representing five major groups of palms. Ann. Bot. 45: 57-75.

Uhlarz, H. 1974. Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen zur Morphologie der basalen Blatteffigurationen sukkulenter Euphorbien aus den subsektionen Diacanthium Boiss. und Goniostema Baill.. Akad. Wiss. Liter. Mainz/Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenw. 9: 1-69.

Uhlarz, H. 1978. Über die Stpularorgane der Euphorbiaceae, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Rudimentation. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenw. 23: 3-65.

Uhrig, R. G. [et al. 2013], Kerk, D., & Moorhead, G. B. 2013. Evolution of bacterial-like phosphoprotein phosphatases in photosynthetic eukaryotes features ancestral mitochondrial or archaeal origin and possible lateral gene transfer. Plant Physiol. 163: 1829-1843.

Ukraintseva, V. V. 1993. Pollen morphology of the family Cistaceae in relation to its taxonomy. Grana Suppl. 2: 33-56.

Ulaszewski, B. [et al. 2021], Jankowska-Wróblewska, S., Šwilo, K., & Burczyk, J. 2021. Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) based on complete chloroplast genomes supports the distinction of Aria, Chamaemespilus and Torminalis as separate genera, different from Sorbus sp.. Plants (Basel) 10(11):2534. doi: 10.3390/plants10112534

Ule, E. 1902. Ameisengärten in Amazonasgebeit. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 30, Beibl. 68: 45-52, pl. 23.

Ule, E. 1905. Blumengärten der Ameisen am Amazonenstrom. Vegetationsbilder 3, Heft 1.

Ulloa Ulloa, C. [et al. 2010], Nickrent, D. L., Whitefoord, C., & Kelly, D. L. 2010. Hondurodendron, a new monotypic genus of Aptandraceae from Honduras. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 97: 457-467.

Ulloa Ulloa, C. [et al. 2017], Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Beck, S., Belgrano, M. J., Bernal, R., Berry, P. E., Brako, L., Celis, M., Davidse, G., Forzza, R. C., Gradstein, S. R., Hokche, O., León, B., León-Yánez, S., Magell, R. E., Neill, D. A., Nee, M., Raven, P. H., Stimmel, H., Strong, M. T., Villaseñor, J. L., Zarucchi, J. L., Zuloaga, F. O., & Jørgensen, P. M. 2017. An integrated assessment of the vascular plant species of the Americas. Science 358: 1614-1617.

Ulloa Ulloa, C. [et al. 2022], Almeda, F., Goldenberg, R., Kadereit, G., Michelangeli, F. A., Penneys, D. S., Stone, R. D., & Veranso‐Libalah, M. C. 2022. Melastomataceae: Global diversity, distribution, and endemism. Pp. 3-28, in Goldenberg, R., Michelangeli, F. A., & Almeda, F. (eds), Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae. Springer Nature, Cham.

Ulmer, T., & MacDougal, J. M. 2004. Passiflora: Passionflowers of the World. Timber Press, Portland.

Ulrich, S. [et al. 2012], Hesse, M., Bröderbauer, D., Wong, S. Y., & Boyce, P. C. 2012. Schismatoglottis and Apoballis (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae): A new example for the significance of pollen morphology in Araceae systematics. Taxon 61: 281-292.

Ulrich, S. [et al. 2013], Hesse, M., Bröderbauer, D., Bogner, J., Weber, M., & Halbritter, H. 2013. Calla palustris (Araceae): New palynological insights with special regard to its controversial systematic position and to closely related genera. Taxon 62: 701-712.

Ulrich, S. [et al. 2017], Hesse, M., Weber, M., & Halbritter, H. 2017. Amorphophallus: New insights into pollen morphology and the chemical nature of the pollen wall. Grana 56: 1-36.

Ulrich, S. [et al. 2024], Vieira, M., Coiro, M., Bouchal, J. M., Geier, C., Jacobs, B. F., Currano, E. D., Lenz, O. K., Wilde, V., Zetter, R., & Grimsson, F. 2024. Origin and early evolution of Hydrocharitaceae and the ancestral role of Stratiotes. Plants 13:1008. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13071008

Uluer, D. A., Forest, F., Armbruster, S., & Hawkins, J. A. 2022. Reconstructing an historical pollination syndrome: Keel flowers. BMC Ecol. Evol. 22:45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-022-02003-y

Uluer, D. A., see Aygören Uluer, D.

Uma, E., & Muthukumar, T. 2014. Comparative root morphological anatomy of Zingiberaceae. Syst. Biodivers. 12: 195-209.

Umata, H. [et al. 2022], Ota, Y., Gale, S. W., Chuman, S., Nishi, M., Ashihara, S., & Yagi. F. 2022. Spatial separation of mycobionts in the giant, differentiated root system of Cyrtosia septentrionalis, a fully myco-heterotrophic orchid. Botany 100: 813-825.

Umeda, A. [et al. 1994], Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 1994. Ovular development and morphology of the outer integument of Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae). American J. Bot. 81: 361-367.

Umezawa, T. 2003. Diversity in lignan biosynthesis. Phytochem. Reviews 2: 371-390.

Unger, L. S. 1992. Dwarf Mistletoes. Forest Insect and Disease Survey.

Unruh, S. [et al. 2016], McKain, M., Pires, J. C., & Leebens-Mack, J. 2016. Genome evolution in Orchidaceae. P. 164, in Botany 2016. Celebrating our History, Conserving our Future. Savannah, Georgia. [Abstracts.]

Unwin, M. M. 2004. Molecular Systematics of the Eriocaulaceae Martinov. Ph. D. Thesis, Miami University, Ohio.

Uotila, P. [et al. 2021], Sukhorukov, A. P., Bobon, N., McDonald, J,, Krinitsina, A. A., & Kadereit, G. 2021. Phylogeny, biogeography and systematics of Dysphanieae (Amaranthaceae). Taxon 70: 526-551.

Upchurch, G. R. 1984. Cuticle evolution in Early Cretaceous angiosperms from the Potomac group of Virginia and Maryland. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 522-550.

Upchurch, G. R. 2013. Potomac Group angiosperm leaves: A new look at an old problem. P. 56, in Botany 2013. Celebrating Diversity! July 27-31 - New Orleans. Abstracts.

Upchurch, G. R., Jr., & Wolfe, J. 1987. Mid Cretaceous to Early Tertiary vegetation and climate: Evidence from fossil leaves and wood. Pp. 75-107, in Friis, E. M., Chaloner, W. G., & Crane, P. R. (eds), The Origin of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Upchurch, G., & Wolfe, J. 2005. Re-examination of foliage of Nelumbonaceae from the Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of North America. P. 90, in Botany 2005. Learning from Plants. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Upchurch, G. R., Jr. [et al. 2008], Lomax, B. H., & Beerling, D. J. 2008. Paleobotanical evidence for climatic change across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, North America: Twenty years after Wolfe and Upchurch. Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 258: 57-74.

Uphof, J. C. T. 1931. Sarraceniaceae. Pp. 1-2, maps 1-3, in Diels, L., & Samuelsson, G. (eds), Die Pflanzenareale, vol. 3(1). Gustav Fischer, Jena.

Uphof, J. C. T. 1942. Ecological relations of plants with ants and termites. Bot. Review 8 563-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02881045

Uraguchi, D. [et al. 2018], Kuwata, K., Hijikata, Y., Yamaguchi, R., Imaizumi, H., Sathiyanarayanan, A. M., Rakers, C., Mori, N., Akiyami, K., Irle, S., McCourt, P., Kinoshita, T., Ooi, T., & Tsuchiya, Y. 2018. A femtomolar-range suicide germination stimulant for the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. Science 362: 1301-1305.

Urban, I. 1885. Ueber den Blüthenbau der Phytolaccaceen-gattung Microtea. Ber. Deutschen Bot. Gesell. 3: 324-332.

Urbaneja-Bernat, P. [et al. 2020], Tena, A., González-Cabrera, J., & Rodriguez-Saona, C. 2020. Plant guttation provides nutrient-rich food for insects. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 287:20201080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1080

Urbanska-Worytkiewicz, K. 1980. Cytological variation within the family of Lemnaceae. Veröff. Geobot. Inst. E. T. H. Stiftung Rübel Zürich 70: 30-101.

Urdampilleta, J. D. [et al. 2016], Coulleri, J. P., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2016. Insights into the Andean genera Bridgesia and Guindilia (Sapindaceae): An integrated approach. Syst. Biodivers. 14: 583-598.

U'Ren, J. M. [et al. 2009], Dalling, J. W., Gallery, R. E., Maddison, D. R., Davis, E. C., Gibson, C. M., & Arnold A. E. 2009. Diversity and evolutionary origins of fungi associated with seeds of a Neotropical pioneer tree: A case study for analyzing fungal environmental samples. Mycol. Res. 113: 432-449.

U'Ren, J. M. [et al. 2012], Lutzoni, F., Miadlikowska, J., Laetsch, A. D., & Arnold, A. E. 2012. Host and geographic structure of endophytic and endolichenic fungi at a continental scale. American J. Bot. 99: 898-914.

Uribe-Convers, S., & Tank, D. C. 2015. Shifts in diversification rates linked to biogeographic movement into new areas: An example of a recent radiation in the Andes. American J. Bot. 102: 1854-1869.

Uribe-Convers, S., & Tank, D. C. 2016. Phylogenetic revision of the genus Bartsia (Orobanchaceae), disjunct distributions correlate to independent lineages. Syst. Bot.

Uribe-Convers, S. [et al. 2016a], Settles, M. L., & Tank, D. C. 2016a. A phylogenomic approach based on PCR target enrichment and high throughput sequencing: Resolving the diversity within the South American species of Bartsia L. (Orobanchaceae). PLoS ONE 11:e0148203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148203

Uribe-Convers, S. [et al. 2016b], Carlsen, M. M., Lagomarsino, L. P., & Muchhala, N. 2017 [= 2016b]. Phylogenetic relationships of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae): Combining whole plastome with targeted loci data in a recent radiation. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 107: 551-563.

Urmi-König, K. 1981. Blütentragende Spross-Systeme einiger Chenopodiaceae. Dissert. Bot. 63: 1-150, fig. 1-110, tables 1-4.

Uroz, S. [et al. 2019], Couty, P. E., & Oger, P. 2019. Plant symbionts are engineers of the plant-associated microbiome. Trends Plant Sci. 24: 905-916.

Urru, I. [et al. 2011], Stensmyr, M. C., & Hansson, B. S. 2011. Pollination by brood-site deception. Phytochem. 72: 1655-1666.

Urtubey, E., & Stuessy, T. F. 2001. New hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships in Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae) based on morphology. Taxon 50: 1043-1066.

Urtubey, E. [et al. 2023], Klusch, M. C., & Stuessy, T. F. 2023. Leaf morphology and anatomy of Schlechtendalia luzulifolia, a basal member of subfamily Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 203: 337-349. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boad030

Ušák, D. [et al. 2023], Haluška, S., & Pleskot, R. 2023. Callose synthesis at the center point of plant development - an evolutionary insight. Plant Physiol. 193: 54-69. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad274

Ushimara, A., & Hyodo, F. 2005. Why do bilaterally symmetrical flowers orient vertically? Flower orientation influences pollinator behaviour. Evol. Ecol. Res. 7: 151-160.

Ushio, M. [et al. 2017], Aiba, S.-i., Takeuchi, Y., Iida, Y., Matsuoka, S., Repin, R., & Kitayama, K. 2017. Plant-soil feedbacks and the dominance of conifers in a tropical montane forest in Borneo. Ecol. Monogr. 87: 105-129.

Usinowicz, J. [et al. 2017], Chang-Yang, C.-H., Chen, Y.Y., Clark, J. S., Fletcher, C., Garwood, N. G., Hao, Z., Johnstone, J., Lin, Y., Matz, M. R., Masaki, T., Nakashizuka, T., Sun, I-F., Valencia, R., Wang, Y., Zimmermann, J. K., Ives, A. R., & Wright, S. J. 2017. Temporal coexistence mechanisms contribute to the latitudinal gradient in forest diversity. Nature 550: 105-108. doi: 10.1038/nature24038

Utami, N., & Shimizu, T. 2005. Seed morphology and classification in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). Blumea 50: 447-456.

Utech, F. H. 1984. Flora vascular anatomy of Japonolirion osense Nakai (Liliaceae) and its tribal relationship. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 53: 447-461.

Utech, F. H. 1987. Biosystematic studies in Stenanthium (Liliaceae: Veratreae) II: Floral morphology, floral vascular anatomy, geography and taxonomy of the Mexican S. frigidum (Schlecht. & Cham.) Kunth. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 56: 197-212.

Utteridge, T. M. A. 2007. Icacinaceae, p. 173, and Stemonuraceae, pp. 310-311, in Heywood, V. H., Brummitt, R. K., Culham, A., & Seberg, O. (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Utteridge, T. M. A. 2019. Lophopyxidaceae (Malpighiales): A new family record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bull. 47: 11-15.

Utteridge, T. M. A., & Bramley, G. (eds). 2014. The Kew Tropical Plant Families Identification Handbook. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Utteridge, T. M. A., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2001. Sexual dimorphism and functional dioecy in Maesa perlarius and M. japonica (Maesaceae/Myrsinaceae). Biotropica 33: 368-374.

Utteridge, T. M. A. [et al. 2005], Nagamasu, H., Teo, S. P., White, L. C., & Gasson, P. 2005. Sleumeria (Icacinaceae): A new genus from northern Borneo. Syst. Bot. 30: 635-643.

Uyeda, J. C. [et al. 2017/2018], Zenil-Ferguson, R., & Pennell, M. W. 2017. Rethinking phylogenetic comparative methods. bioRχiv doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/22729 = Uyeda, J. C. [et al. 2018], Zenil-Ferguson, R., & Pennell, M. W. 2018. Rethinking phylogenetic comparative methods. Syst. Biol. 67: 109-1109.

Vacchiano, G. [et al. 2021b], Pesendorfer, M. B., Conedera, M., Gratzer, G., Rossi, L., & Ascoli, D. 2021b. Natural disturbances and masting: From mechanisms to fitness consequences. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 376:20200384. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0384

Vacher, C. [et al. 2016], Hampe, A., Porté, A. J., Sauer, U., Compant, S., & Morris, C. E. 2016. The phyllosphere: Microbial jungle at the plant-climate interface. Ann. Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 47: 1-24.

Vaes, E. [et al. 2006], Vrijdaghs, A., Smets, E. F., & Dessein, S. 2006. Elaborate petals in Australian Spermacoce (Rubiaceae) species: Morphology, ontogeny and function. Ann. Bot. 98: 1167-1178.

Vaezi, J., & Brouillet, L. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships among diploid species of Symphyotrichum (Asteraceae: Astereae) based on two nuclear markers, ITS and GAPDH. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 51: 540-553.

Vaikos, N. P. [et al. 1989], Markandeya, S. K., & Pai, R. M. 1989. Floral anatomy of the Liliaceae: Tribe Convallarieae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Plant Sci.) 22: 258–265.

Vaio, M. [et al. 2013], Gardner, A., Emshwiller, E., & Guerra, M. 2013. Molecular phylogeny and chromosome evolution among the creeping herbaceous Oxalis species of sections Corniculatae and Ripariae (Oxalidaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 68: 199-211. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.019.

Vajda, V., & Bercovici, A. 2014. The global vegetation pattern across the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction interval: A template for other extinction events. Global Planet. Change 122: 29-49.

Vajda, V., & McLoughlin, S. 2004. Fungal proliferation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Science 303: 1489.

Vajda, V., & McLoughlin, S. 2007. Extinction and recovery patterns of the vegetation across the Cretaceous-Palaeogene boundary - a tool for unravelling the causes of the end-Permian mass-extinction. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 144: 99-112.

Vajda, V. [et al. 2001], Raine, J. I., & Hollis, C. J. 2001. Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spike. Science 294: 1700-1702.

Vajda, V. [et al. 2017], Pucetaite, M., McLoughlin, S., Engdahl, A., & Heimdal, J. 2017. Molecular signatures of fossil leaves provide unexpected new evidence for extinct plant relationships. Nature Ecol. Evol 1: 1093-1099. doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0224-5

Vakhrameev, V. A. 1991. Jurassic and Cretaceous Floras and Climates of the Earth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Valadão-Mendes, L. B. [et al. 2021], Rocha, I., Meireles, D. A. L., Leite, F. B., Sazima, M., Maruyama, P. K., & Brito, V. G. L. 2022 [= 2021]. Flower morphology and plant-bee pollinator interactions are related to stamen dimorphism in Melastomataceae. Plant Biol. 24: 240-248. https://0-doi-org.explore.searchmobius.org/10.1111/plb.13359

Valcárcel, V. [et al. 2014], Fiz-Palacios, O., & Wen, J. 2014. The origin of the early differentiation of ivies (Hedera L.) and the radiation of the Asian palmate group (Araliaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 70: 492-503.

Valdebenito, H. A. [et al. 1990], Stuessy, T. F., & Crawford, D. K. 1990. A new biogeographic connection between islands in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Nature 347: 549-550.

Valdebenito, H. A. [et al. 1992], Stuessy, T. F., Crawford, D. K., & Silva, O. M. 1992. Evolution of Peperomia (Piperaceae) in the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile. Plant Syst. Evol. 182: 107-119.

Valderrama, E. [et al. 2017], Richardson, J. E., Kidner, C. A., Madriñán, S., & Stone, G. N. 2018 [= 2017]. Transcriptome mining for phylogenetic markers in a recently radiated genus of tropical plants (Renealmia L. f., Zingiberaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 119: 13-24.

Valderrama, E. [et al. 2020], Sass, C., Pinilla-Vargas, M., Skinner, D., Maas, P. J. M., Maas- van de Kamer, H., Landis, J. B., Guan, C. J., & Specht, C. D. 2020. Unraveling the spiraling radiation: A phylogenomic analysis of Neotropical Costus. Front. Plant Sci. 11:1195. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01195

Valdés-Florido, A. [et al. 2024], González-Toral, C., Maguilla, E., Cires, E., Díaz-Lifante, Z., Andrés-Camacho, C., Nieto Feliner, G., Arroyo, J., & Escudero, M. 2024. Polyploidy and hybridization in the Mediterranean: Unravelling the evolutionary history of Centaurium (Gentianaceae). Ann Bot. 134: 247-262. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcae066

Valdespino, I. A. [et al. 2024], Korall, P., Weststrand, S., López, C. A., Tang, J.-Y., Shalimov, A., & Zhang, X.-C. 2024. Rebuttal to “(2943) Proposal to conserve Selaginella, nom. cons., (Selaginellaceae) with a conserved type”: An unwarranted and disruptive idea. Taxon 73: 573-585. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13145

Valencia-D., J. [et al. 2020], Murillo-A, J., Orozco, C. I., Parra-O, C., & Neubig, K. M. 2020. Complete plastid genome sequences of two species of the Neotropical genus Brunellia (Brunelliaceae). Peer J. 8:e8392. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8392

Valencia-D., J. [et al. 2023], Neubig, K. M., & Clark, D. P. 2023. The origin and fate of fungal mitochondrial horizontal gene transferred sequences in orchids (Orchidaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 203: 162-179. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boad019

Valencia-Nieto, B. [et al. 2016], Sosa, V., & Márquez-Guzmán, J. 2016. Late stages of anther development and anther attributes in Microepidendrum differs from other genera of Epidendrum alliance (Orchidaceae). Flora 218: 35-43.

Valencia-Nieto, B. [et al. 2018], Sosa, V., & Márquez-Guzmán, J. 2018. Anther development in tribe Epidendreae: Orchids with contrasting pollination syndromes. PeerJ 6:e4383. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4383

Valenta, K., & Nevo, O. 2020. The dispersal syndrome hypothesis: How animals shaped fruit traits, and how they did not. Funct. Ecol. 34: 1158-1169.

Valenta, K., & Nevo, O. 2022. The illusiveness of seed dispersal syndromes. A commentary on: Fleshy fruit traits and seed dispersers: Which traits define syndromes? Ann. Bot. 129(7): vi-vii.

Valente, L. M. [et al. 2010a], Savolainen, V., & Vargas, P. 2010a. Unparalleled rates of species diversification in Europe. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 277: 1489-1496.

Valente, L. M. [et al. 2010b], Reeves, G., Schnitlzler, J., Pizer Mazon, I., Fay, M., Rebelo, T. Chase, M., & Barraclough, T. 2010b. Diversification of the African genus Protea in the Cape biodiversity hotspot and beyond: Equal rates but different spatial scales. Evolution 64: 745-760.

Valente, L. M. [et al. 2011], Savolainen, V., Manning, J., Goldblatt, P., & Vargas, P. 2011. Explaining disparities in species richness between Mediterranean floristic regions: a case study in Gladiolus (Iridaceae). Global Ecol. Biogeog. 20: 881-892.

Valente, L. M. [et al. 2012], Manning, J., Goldblatt, P., & Vargas, P. 2012. Did pollination shifts drive diversification in southern African Gladiolus? Evaluating the model of pollinator-driven speciation. American Naturalist 180: 83-98.

Valente, L. M. [et al. 2014], Britton, A. W., Powell, M. P., Papadopulos, A. S. T., Burgoyne, P. M., & Savolainen, V. 2014. Correlates of hyperdiversity in southern African ice plants (Aizoaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 174: 110-129.

Valentine, J. F., & Duffy, J. E. 2006. The central role of grazing in seagrasss ecology. Pp. 563-501, in Larkum, A. W. D., Orth, R. J., & Duarte, C. M. (eds), Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Springer, Dordrecht.

Valentine, J. W., & May, C. L. 1996. Hierarchies in biology and paleontology. Paleobiol. 22: 23-33.

Valentin-Silva, A. [et al. 2018], Batalha, M. A., & Guimarães, E. 2018. Dynamics of pollen release and stigmatic exposure in Neotropical Piper species. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 179: 287-295.

Valentin-Silva, A. [et al. 2020], Batalha, M. A., & Guimarães, E. 2021 [=8 2020]. Disentangling the ecological basis of floral trait variation in Neotropical Piper species. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 195: 622-635.

Valenzuela-Estrada, L. R. [et al. 2008], Vera-Caraballo, V., Ruth, L. E., & Eissenstat, D. M. 2008. Root anatomy, morphology and longevity among root orders in Vaccinium corymbosum (Ericaceae). American J. Bot. 95: 1506-1514.

Valiejo-Roman, C. M. [et al. 2002], Terentieva, E. I., Samigullin, T. H., & Pimenov, M. G. 2002. Relationships among genera in Saniculoideae and selected Apioideae (Umbelliferae) inferred from nrITS sequences. Taxon 51: 91-101.

Valiejo-Roman, C. M. [et al. 2006a], Schneyer, V. S., Samigullin, T. H., Terentieva, E. I., & Pimenov, M. G. 2006a. An attempt to clarify taxonomic relationships in "Verwandschaftskreis der Gattung Ligusticum" (Umbelliferae - Apioideae) by molecular analysis. Plant Syst. Evol. 257: 25-43.

Valiejo-Roman, C. M. [et al. 2006], Terentieva, E. I., Samigullin, T. H., Pimenov, M. G., Ghahremani-Nejad, F., & Mozaffarian, V. 2006. Molecular data (nrITS-sequencing) reveal relationships among Iranian endemic taxa of the Umbelliferae. Feddes Repert. 177: 367–388.

Valiejo-Roman, C. M. [et al. 2012], Terentieva, E. I., Pimenov, M. G., Kljuykov, E. V., Samigullin, T. H., & Tilney, P. M. 2012. Broad polyphyly in Pleurospermum s.l. (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) as inferred from nrDNA ITS and chloroplast sequences. Syst. Bot. 37: 573-581.

Valiela, I. [et al. 2001], Bowen, J. L., & York, J. K. 2001. Mangrove forests: One of the world's threatened major tropical environments. Bioscience 51: 807-815.

Vallejo-Marín, M. 2019. Buzz pollination: Studying bee vibrations on flowers. New Phytol. 224: 1068-1074.

Vallejo-Marín, M. 2022. How and why do bees buzz? Implications for buzz pollination. J. Experim. Bot. 73: 1082-1090.

Vallejo-Marín, M., & Russell, A. L. 2024 [= 2023]. Harvesting pollen with vibrations: Towards an integrative understanding of the proximate and ultimate causes of buzz pollination. Ann. Bot. 133: 379-398.

Vallejo-Marín, M. [et al. 2010], da Silva, E. M., Sargent, R. D., & Barrett, S. C. H. 2010. Trait correlates and functional significance of heteranthery in flowering plants. New Phytol. 188: 418-425.

Vallejo-Marín, M. [et al. 2014], Walker, C., Friston-Reilly, P., Solis-Montero, L., & Igic, B. 2014. Recurrent modification of floral morphology in hetererantherous Solanum reveals a parallel shift in reproductive strategy. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 369:20130256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0256

Vallejo-Marín, M. [et al. 2021/2022], Nunes, C. E. P., & Russel, A. L. 2021. Anther cones increase pollen release in buzz-pollinated Solanum flowers. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.02.462843 = Vallejo-Marín, M. [et al. 2021], Nunes, C. E. P., & Russel, A. L. 2021. Anther cones increase pollen release in buzz-pollinated Solanum flowers. Evolution 76: 931-945.

Vallenback, P. [et al. 2008], Jaarola, M., Ghatnekar, L., & Bengtsson, B. O. 2008. Origin and timing of the horizontal transfer of a PgiC gene from Poa to Festuca ovina. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 46: 890-896.

Vallès, J., & Garnatje, T. 2005. Artemisia and its allies: Genome organization and evolution and their biosystematic, taxonomic, and phylogenetic implications in the Artemisiinae and related subtribes (Asteraceae, Anthemidae). Pp. 255-285, in Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, part B. Phanerogams (Higher Groups). Scientific Publications, Enfield, NH.

Vallès, J. [et al. 2012], Pellicer, J., Sánchez-Jiménez, I., Hidalgo, O., Garcia, S., Martín, J., & Garnatje, T. 2012. Polyploidy and other changes at chromosomal level and in genome size: Its role in systematics and evolution exemplified by some genera of Anthemideae and Cardueae (Asteraceae). Taxon 61: 841-851.

Vallès, J. [et al. 2013], Canela, M. A., Garcia, S., Hidalgo, O., Pellicer, J., Sánchez-Jiménez, I., Siljak-Yakovlev, S., Vitales, D., & Garnatje, T. 2013. Genome size variation and evolution in the family Asteraceae. Caryologia 66: 221-235.

Valtseva, O. V., & Savich, E. I. 1965. Development of embryo in Nymphaea candida Presl and N. tetragona Georgi. Bot. Zhurn. 50: 1323-1326. [In Russian.]

Valverde-Barrantes, O. J. [et al. 2017], Freschet, G. T., Roumet, C., & Blackwood, C. B. 2017. A worldview of root traits: The influence of ancestry, growth form, climate and mycorrhizal association on the functional trait variation of fine-root tissues in seed plants. New Phytol. 215: 1562-1573. doi:10.1111/nph.14571

Vamosi, J. C., & Dickinson, T. A. 2006. Polyploidy and diversification: A phylogenetic investigation in Rosaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 349-358.

Vamosi, J. C., & Otto, S. P. 2002. When looks can kill: The evolution of sexually dimorphic floral display and the extinction of dioecious plants. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 269: 1187-1194.

Vamosi, J. C., & Vamosi, S. M. 2010. Key innovations within a geographical context in flowering plants: Towards resolving Darwin's abominable mystery. Ecol. Lett. 13: 1270-1279.

Vamosi, J. C., & Vamosi, S. M. 2011. Factors influencing diversification in angiosperms: At the crossroads of intrinsic and extrinsic traits. American J. Bot. 98: 460-471.

Vamosi, J. C., & Vamosi, S. M. 2012. Zygomorphy, area, and the latitudinal biodiversity gradient in angiosperms. Pp. 320-340, in Patiny, S. (ed.), Evolution of Plant-Pollinator Relationships. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Vamosi, J. C. [et al. 2003], Otto, S. P., & Barrett, S. C. H. 2003. Phylogenetic analysis of the ecological correlates of dioecy in angiosperms. J. Evol. Biol. 16: 1006-1018.

Vamosi, J. C. [et al. 2018], Magallón, S., Mayrose, I., Otto, S. P., & Sauquet, H. 2018. Macroevolutionary patterns of flowering plant speciation and extinction. Annual Review Plant Biol. 69: 685-706.

Van Bael, S. A. [et al. 2009), Fernández-Marín, H., Valencia, M. C., Rojas, E. I., Wcislo, W. T., & Herre, E. A. 2009. Two fungal symbioses collide: Endophytic fungi are not welcome in leaf-cutting ant gardens. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 2419-2426.

Van Balgooy, M. M. J. (ed.). 1975. Pacific Plant Areas, vol. 3. Rijksherbarium, Leiden.

Van Balgooy, M. M. J. (ed.). 1984. Pacific Plant Areas, vol. 4. Rijksherbarium, Leiden.

Van Balgooy, M. M. J. (ed.). 1993. Pacific Plant Areas, vol. 5. Rijksherbarium, Leiden.

Van Balgooy, M. M. J. 1997. Malesian Seed Plants: An Aid for Identification of Families and Genera. Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus, Leiden.

Van Bel, A. J. E. [et al. 1988], van Kesteren, W. J. P., & Papenhuijzen, C. 1988. Ultrastructural indications for coexistence of symplastic and apoplastic phloem loading in Commelina benghalensis leaves: Differences in ontogenetic development, spatial arrangement and symplastic connections of the two sieve tubes in the minor vein. Planta 176: 159-172.

Van Bergen, P. F., & Collinson, M. E. 1999. Any flavour in gingers 40 million years ago? P. 453, in XVI Botanical Congress. Abstracts. [St Louis.]

Van Bergen, P. F. [et al. 1997], Hatcher, P. G., Boon, J. J., Collinson, M. E., & de Leeuw, J. W. 1997. Macromolecular constituents of the propagule wall of Nelumbo nucifera. Phytochem 45: 601-610.

Van Beusekom, C. F. 1971. Revision of Meliosma (Sabiaceae), section Lorenzanea excepted, living and fossil, geography and phylogeny. Blumea 19: 355-529.

Van Beusekom, C. F., & van der Water, C. P. M. 1989. Sabiaceae. Pp. 678-715, in de Wilde, W. J. J. O. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 10(4). Kluwer, Dordrecht.

Van Beusekom-Osinga, R. J. 1977. Crypteroniaceae. Pp. 187-204, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 8. Sijthoff & Noordhoff, Alphen aan den Rijn.

Van Beusekom-Osinga, R. J., & van Beusekom, C. F. 1975. Delimitation and subdivision of the Crypteroniaceae (Myrtales). Blumea 22: 255-266.

Van Bruggen, H. W. E. 1985. Monograph of the genus Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae). Bibl. Bot. 137: 1-76, pl. 1-23. [Baas, P., Vegetative anatomy, pp. 3-4; Bouman, F., Embryology, pp. 4-9.]

Van Bruggen, H. W. E. 1990. Die Gattung Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae). Aqua-Planta Suppl. 2: 1-84.

Van Bruggen, H. W. E. 1998. Aponogetonaceae. Pp. 21-25, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. IV. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer, Berlin.

VanBuren, R. [et al. 2015], Bryant, D., Edger, P. P., Tang, H., Burgess, D., Challabathula, D., Spittle, K., Hall, R., Gu, J., Lyons, E., Freeling, M., Bartes, D., Hallers, B. T., Hastie, A., Michael, T. P., & Mockler, T. C. 2015 Single-molecule sequencing of the desiccation tolerant grass Oropetium thomaeum. Nature 527: 508-511.

VanBuren, R. [et al. 2017], Wai, C. M., Zhang, Q., Song, X., Edger, P. P., Bryant, D., Michael, T. P., Mockler, T. C., & Bartels, D. 2017. Seed dessication mechanims co-opted for vegetative dessication in the resurrection grass Oropetium thomaeum. Plant Cell Environ. 40: 2292-2306.

VanBuren, R. [et al. 2018a], Wai, C. M., Ou, S., Pardo, J., Bryant, D., Jiang, N., Mockler, T. C., Edger, P., & Michael, T. P. 2018a. Extreme haplotype variation in the dessication-tolerant clubmoss Selaginella lepidophylla. Nature Communic. 9:13. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02546-5

VanBuren, R. [et al. 2018b], Wai, C. M., Pardo, J., Giarola, V., Ambrosini, S., Song, X., & Bartels, D. 2018b. Dessication tolerance evolved through gene duplication and network rewiring in Lindernia. Plant Cell 30: 2943-2958.

Van Campo, M. 1971. Précisions nouvelles sur les structures comparées des pollens de gymnospermes et d'angiospermes. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. D, 272: 2071-2074.

Van Campo, M., & Lugardon, B. 1973. Structure grenue infratectale de l'ectexine des pollens de quelques gymnospermes et angiospermes. Pollen Spores 15: 171-187.

Van Cotthem, W. R. J. 1970a. A classification of stomata types. J. Linnean Soc. Bot. 63: 235-246.

Van Cotthem, W. R. J. 1970b. Comparative morphological study of the stomata in the Filicopsida. Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 40: 81-151, figs 1-88.

Van Dam, N. M., and Hare, J. D. 1998. Biological activity of Datura wrightii glandular trichome exudate against Manduca sexta larve. J. Chem. Ecol. 24: 1529-1549.

Van Damme, E. J. M. [et al. 1991], Goldstein, I. J., & Peumans, W. J. 1991. A comparative study of mannose-binding lectins from the Amaryllidacaeae and Alliaceae. Phytochem. 30: 509-514.

Van de Gevel, S. L. [et al. 2012], Hart, J. L., Spond, M. D., White, P. B., Sutton, M. N., & Grissino-Meyer, H. D. 2012. American chestnut (Castanea dentata) to northern red oak (Quercus rubra): Forest dynamics of an old-growth forest in the Blue Ridge Mountains, U.S.A.. Botany 90: 1263-1276.

Van de Kerke, S. J. [et al. 2019], Shrestha, B., Ruhlman, T. A., Weng, M.-L., Jansen, R. K., Jones, C. S., Schlichting, C. D., Hosseini, S., Mohammadin, S., Schranz, M. E., & Bakker, F. T. 2019. Plastome based phylogenomics and younger crown node age in Pelargonium. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 137: 33-43.

Van de Kerke, S. J. [et al. 2020], van Engelenhoven, T., van Es, A. L., Schat, L., van Son, L. M., Vink, S., Hemerik, L., van Velzen, R., Schranz, M. E., & Bakker, F. T. 2020. Capturing variation in floral shape: A virtual 3D based morphospace for Pelargonium.

Vandelook, F. [et al. 2012a], Verdú, M. & Honnay, O. 2012a. The role of seed traits in determining the phylogenetic structure of temperate plant communities. Ann. Bot. 110: 629-636.

Vandelook, F. [et al. 2012b], Janssens, S. B., & Probert, R. J. 2012b. Relative embryo length as an adaptation to habitat and life cycle in Apiaceae. New Phytol. 195: 479-487.

Vandelook, F. [et al. 2019], Janssens, S. B., Gijbels, P., Fischer, E., van den Ende, W., Honnay, O., & Abrahamczyk, S. 2019. Nectar traits differ between pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae. Ann. Bot. 124: 269-279.

Vandelook, F. [et al. 2021], Newton, R. J., Bobon, N., Bobley, K., & Kadereit, G. 2021. Evolution and ecology of seed internal morphology in relation to germination characteristics of Amaranthaceae. Ann Bot. 127: 799-811.

Van de Meerendonk, J. P. M. 1984. Triuridaceae. Pp. 109-121, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 10. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van den Berg, C. 2013. Generalized promiscuity in Cattleya (Orchidaceae): Importance of hybridization and introgression in the evolution of this genus. Pp. 18-24, in Oliveira, G. C. X. O., Bandel, G., Veasey, E. A., Pinheiro, J. B., Koehler, S., & Azevedo, R. A. (eds), Evolução, biologia e sistemática de populaçães de orquídeas. Departamento de Genética ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba.

Van den Berg, C. 2014. Reaching a compromise between conflicting nuclear and plastid phylogenetic trees: A new classification for the genus Cattleya (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 186: 75-86.

Van den Berg, C. [et al. 2000], Higgins, W. E., Dressler, R. L., Whitten, W. M., Soto Arenas, M. A., Culham, A., & Chase, M. W. 2000. A phylogenetic analysis of Laeliinae (Orchidaceae) based on sequence data from internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribsomal DNA. Lindleyana 15: 96-114.

Van den Berg, C. [et al. 2005], Goldman, D. H., Freudenstein, J. V., Pridgeon, A. M., Cameron, K. M., & Chase, M. W. 2005. An overview of the phylogenetic relationships within Epidendroideae inferred from multiple DNA regions and recircumscription of Epidendreae and Arethuseae (Orchidaceae). American J. Bot. 92: 613-624.

Van den Berg, C. [et al. 2009], Higgins, W. E., Dressler, R. L., Whitten, W. M., Soto-Arenas, M. A., & Chase, M. W. 2009. A phylogenetic study of Laeliinae (Orchidaceae) based on combined nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. Ann. Bot. 104: 417-430.

Van den Berg, E. [et al. 2016], Hofberger, J. A., & Schranz, E. 2016. Flower power and the mustard bomb: Comparative analysis of gene and genome duplications in glucosinolate biosynthetic pathwayy evolution in Capparaceae and Cleomaceae. American J. Bot. 103: 1212-1222.

Van den Berg, R. G. 1978. Pollen morphology of the genera Pometia, Cubilia, Otonephelium, and Litchi (Sapindaceae-Nephelieae). Blumea 24: 369-394.

Van den Bergh, E. [et al. 2014], Külahoglu, C., Bräutigam, A., Hibberd, J. M., Weber, A. P. M., Zhu, X.-G., & Schranz, M. E. 2014. Gene and genome duplications and the origin of C4 photosynthesis: Birth of a trait in the Cleomaceae. Curr. Biol. 1: 2-9.

Van den Bergh, E. [et al. 2016], Hofberger, J. A., & Schranz, M. E. 2016. Flower power and the mustard bomb: Comparative analysis of gene and genome duplications in glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway evolution in Cleomaceae and Brassicaceae. American J. Bot. 103: 1212-1222.

Vandenborre, G. [et al. 2011], Smagghe, G., & van Damme, E. J. M. 2011. Plant lectins as defense proteins against phytophagous insects. Phytochem. 72: 1538-1550.

Vandenbussche, M. [et al. 2003], Theissen, G., van de Peer, Y., & Gerats, T. 2003. Structural diversification and neo-functionalization during floral MADS-box gene evolution by C-terminal frameshift mutations. Nucleic Acids Research 31: 4401-4409.

Van den Elzen, E. [et al. 2020], Bengtsson, F., Fritz, C., Rydin, H., & Lamers, L. P. M. 2020. Variation in symbiotic N2 fixation rates among Sphagnum mosses. PLoS ONE 15:e0228383. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228383

Van den Ende, W. 2022. Different evolutionary pathways to generate plant fructan exohydrolases. J. Experim. Bot. 73: 4620–4623. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erac305

Van den Hoogen, J. [et al. 2019], Geisen, S., Routh, D., Ferris, H., Traunspurger, W., Wardle, D. A., Goede, R. G. M., Adams, B. J., Ahmad, W., Andriuzzi, W. S., Bardgett, R. D., Bonkowski, M., Campos-Herrera, R., Cares, J. E., Caruso, T., Caixeta, L. de B., Chen, X., Costa, S. R., Creamer, R., Castro, J. M. da C., Dam, M., Djigal, D., Escuer, M., Griffiths, B. S., Gutiérrez, C., Hohberg, K., Kalinkina, D., Kardol, P., Kergunteuil, E., Korthals, G., Krashevska, V., Kudrin, A. A., Li, Q., Liang, W., Magilton, M., Marais, M., Martín, J. A. R., Matveeva, E., Mayad,El H., Mulder, C., Mullin, P., Neilson, R., Nguyen, T. A. D., Nielsen, U. N., Okada, H., Palomares Rius, J. E., Pan, K., Peneva, V., Pellissier, L., Pereira da Silva, J. C., Pitteloud, C., Powers, T. O., Powers, K., Quist, C. W., Rasmann, S.,, Sánchez Moreno, S., Scheu, S., Setälä, H., Sushchuk, SA., Tiunov, A. V., Trap, J., van den Putten, W., Verstergård, M., Villenave, C., Waeyenberge, L., Hall, D. H., Wilschut, R., Wright, D. G., Yang, J.-i., & Crowther, T. W. 2019. Soil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale. Nature 572: 194-198. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1418-6

Vandenkoornhuyse, P. [et al. 2015], Quaiser, A., Duhamel, M., Le Van, A., & Dufresne, A. 2015. The importance of the microbiome of the plant holobiont. New Phytol. 206: 1196-1206.

Van den Linden, 1960. Staphyleaceae. Pp. 49-59, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 6. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Deynze, A. [et al. 2018], Zamora, P., Delaux, P.-M., Heitmann, C., Jayaraman, D., Rajasekar, S., Graham, D., Maeda, J., Gibson, D., Schwartz, K. D., Berry, A. M., Bhatnagar, S., Jospin, G., Darling, A., Jeannotte, R., Lopez, J., Weimer, B. C., Eisen, J. A., Shapiro, H.-Y., Ané, J.-M., & Bennett, A. B. 2018. Nitrogen fixation in a landrace of maize is supported by a mucilage-associated diazotrophic microbiota. PLoS Biol. 16(8):e2006352. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2006352

Van de Peer, Y. [et al. 2009a], Maere, S., & Meyer, A. 2009a. The evolutionary significance of ancient genome duplications. Nature Reviews Genetics 10: 725-732

Van de Peer, Y. [et al. 2009b], Fawcett, J. A., Proost, S., Sterck, L., & Vandepoole, K. 2009b. The flowering world: A tale of duplications. Trends Plant Sci. 14: 680-688.

Van de Peer, Y. [et al. 2017], Mizrachi, E., & Marchal, K. 2017. The evolutionary significance of polyploidy. Nature Reviews Genet. 18: 411-424.

Vandepoele, K. [et al. 2003], Simillion, C., & van de Peer, Y. 2003. Evidence that rice and other cereals are ancient aneuploids. Plant Cell 15: 2192-2202.

Van der Bank, M. [et al. 2002], Fay, M. F., & Chase, M. W. 2002. Molecular phylogenetics of Thymelaeaceae with particular reference to African and Australian genera. Taxon 51: 329-339.

Van der Burgt, X. M. 1997. Explosive seed dispersal of the rainforest tree Tetraberlinia moreliana (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) in Gabon. J. Trop. Ecol. 13: 145-151.

Van der Burgt, X. M., & Eyakwe, M. 2010. Searching for undescribed large tree species in the rainforest of Korup National Park, Cameroon. Pp. 741-747, in Van der Burgt, X. M., van der Maesen, J., & Onan, J.-M. (eds), Systematics and Conservation of African Plants: Proceedings of the 18th AETFAT Congress, Yaounde, Cameroon. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Van der Burgt, X. M. [et al. 2021], Newbery, D. M., & Njibili, S. 2021. The structure of Leguminosae-Detarioideae dominant rain forest in Korup National Park, Cameroon. Plant Ecol. Evol. 154: 376-390.

Van der Burgt, X. M. [et al. 2022], Haba, P. M., Magassouba, S., & Veranso-Libalah, M. C. 2022. Benna alternifolia (Melastomataceae: Sonerileae), a new herbaceous genus and species from Guinea, West Africa. Willdenowia 52: 25-37. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.52.52102

Van der Cingel, N. A. 1995. An Atlas of Orchid Pollination: European Orchids. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Van der Cingel, N. A. 2001. An Atlas of Orchid Pollination: America, Africa, Asia and Australia. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Van der Ham, R., & van Heuven, B. J. 2002. Evolutionary trends in Winteraceae pollen. Grana 41: 10-15.

Van der Ham, R. [et al. 2001], Zimmermann, Y.-M., Nilsson, S., & Igersheim, A. 2001. Pollen morphology and phylogeny of the Alyxieae (Apocynaceae). Grana 40: 169-191.

Van der Ham, R. [et al. 2005], Grob, G., Hetterscheid, W., Star, W., & van Heuven, B. J. 2005. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus - 13. Evolution of pollen ornamentation and ultrastructure in Amorphophallus and Pseudodracontium. Grana 44: 252-265.

Van der Ham, R. [et al. 2010], Mennes, C., & van Heuven, B. J. 2010. Fevilleoideae pollen (Cucurbitaceae): A study in striate ornamentation. Grana 49: 157-169.

Van der Ham, R. W. J. M. 1994. Pollen morphology of the Stemonaceae and Pentastemonaceae. Acta Bot. Gallica 141: 285-293.

Van der Ham, R. W. J. M. [et al. 1995], Baas, P., Bakker, M. E., Boesewinkel, F. D., Bouman, F., van Heuven, B. J., & Klaasen, R. K. W. M. 1995. Bottegoa Chiov. transferred to Ptaeroxylaceae. Kew Bull. 50: 243-265.

Van der Ham, R. W. J. M. [et al. 2010], Jagt, J. W. M., Rehkens, S., & Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A. 2010. Seed cone scales from the upper Maastrichtian document the last occurrence in Europe of the Southern Hemisphere conifer family Araucariaceae. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol. 291: 469-473.

Van der Ham, R. W. J. M. [et al. 2017], Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A., Jagt, J. W. M., Indeherberge, L., Meuris, R., Deckers, M. J. M., Renkens, S., & Laffineur, J. 2017. Seagrass stems with attached roots from the type area of the Maastrichten Stage (NE Belgium, SE Netherlands): Morphology, anatomy, and ecological aspects. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 241: 49-69.

Van der Heide, T. [et al. 2012], Govers, L. L., de Fouw, J., Olff, H., van der Geest, M., van Katwijk, M. M., Piersma, T., van de Koppel, J., Silliman, B. R., Smolders, A. J. P., & van Gils, J. A. 2012. A three-stage symbiosis forms the foundation of seagrass ecosystems. Science 336: 1432-14344. doi: 10.1126/science.1219973

Van der Heijden, E. W. 2000. Differential benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal infection of Salix repens. Mycorrhiza 10: 185-193.

Van der Heijden, G. M. [et al. 2013], Schnitzer, S. A., Powers, J. S., & Phillips, O. L. 2013. Liana impacts on carbon cycling, storage and sequestration in tropical forests. Biotropica 45: 682-692.

Van der Heijden, G. M. F. [et al. 2015], Powers, J. S., & Schnitzer, S. A. 2015. Lianas reduce carbon accumulation and storage in tropical forests. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 13267-13271.

Van der Heijden, M. G. A., & Horton, T. R. Socialism in soil? The importance of mycorrhizal fungal networks for facilitation in natural ecosystems. J. Ecol. 97: 1139-1150.

Van der Heijden, M. G. A. [et al. 2006], Streitwolf-Engel, R., Riedl, R., Siegrist, S., Neudecker, A., Ineichen, K., Boller, T., Wiemken, A., & Sanders, I. R. 2006. The mycorrhizal contribution to plant productivity, plant nutrition and soil structure in experimental grassland. New Phytol. 172: 739-752.

Van der Heijden, M. G. A. [et al. 2015a], Martin, F. M., Selosse, M.-A., & Sanders, I. R. 2015a. Mycorrhizal ecology and evolution: The past, the present, and the future. New Phytol. 205: 1406-1423. doi: 10.1111/nph.13288

Van der Heijden, M. G. A. [et al. 2015b], de Bruin, S., Luckerhoff, L., van logtestijn, R. S. P., & Schlaeppi, K. 2015b. A widespread plant-fungal-bacterial symbiosis promotes plant biodiversity, plant nutrition and seedling recruitment. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.120

Vander Kloet, S. P., & Avery, T. S. 2007. The taxonomic utility of staminal features in Vaccinieae (Ericaceae). Taxon 56: 897-904.

Vander Kloet, S. P., & Dickinson, T. A. 2009. A subgeneric clasification of the genus Vaccinium and the metamorphosis of V. sect. Bracteata Nakai: More terrestrial and less epiphytic in habit; more continental and less insular in distribution. J. Plant. Res. 122: 253-268.

Van der Kooi, C., & Ollerton, J. 2020. The origins of flowering plants and pollinators. Science 368: 1306-1308.

Van der Kooi, C. J. [et al. 2016], Elzenga, J. T. M., Staal, M., & Stavenga, D. G. 2016. How to colour a flower: On the optical principles of flower coloration. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 283:20160429 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0429

Van der Kooij, T. A. [et al. 2000], Krause, K., & Dörr, I., & Krupinska, K. 2000. Molecular, functional and ultrastructural characterisation of plastids from six species of the parasitic flowering plant genus Cuscuta. Planta 210: 701-707.

Van der Linde, S. [et al. 2018], Suz, L. M., Orme, C. D. L., Cox, F., Andreae, H., Asi, E., Atkinson, B., Benham, S., Carroll, C., Cools, N., de Vos, B., Dietrich, H., Eichhorn, J., Germann, J., Grebenc, T., Gweon, H. S., Hansen, K., Jacob, F., Kristöfel, F., Lech, P., Manninger, M., Martin, J., Meesenburg, H., Merilä, P., Nicolas, M., Pavlenda, P., Rautio, P., Schaub, M., Schröck, H., Seidling, W., Srámek, V., Thimonier, A., Thomsen, I. M., Titeux, H., Vanguelova, E., Verstraeten, A., Versterdal, L., Waldner, P., Wijk, S., Zhang, Y., Zlindra, D., & Bidartondo, M. I. 2018. Environment and host as large-scale controls of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Nature 558: 243-248.

Van der Meijden, R. 1982. Systematics and Evolution of Xanthophyllum (Polygalaceae). E. J. Brill. Leiden. [Leiden Botanical Series 7.]

Van der Meijden, R. 2005. Heukels' Flora van Nederland. Ed. 23. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van der Meijden, R., & Caspers, N. 1971. Haloragaceae. Pp. 239-163, in Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 7. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van der Merwe, J. J. M., & van Wyk, A. E. 1994. Taxonomic significance or epidermal structure in southern African Lauraceae. Pp. 1279-1289, in Seyani, J. H., & Chikuni, A. C. (eds), Proceedings of the 13th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, vol. 2. National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi, Zomba.

Van der Merwe, J. J. M. [et al. 1988], van Wyk, A. E., & Kok, P. D. F. 1988. Dahlgrenodendron, a remarkable new genus of Lauraceae from Natal and Pondoland. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskr. Plantk. 54: 80-88.

Van der Merwe, J. J. M. [et al. 1990], van Wyk, A. E., & Kok, P. D. F. 1990. Pollen types in Lauraceae. Grana 29: 185-196.

Van der Merwe, M. M. [et al. 2005], van Wyk, A. E., & Botha, A. M. 2005. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) with emphasis on southern African taxa. Plant Syst. Evol. 251: 21-34.

Van der Niet, T., & Johnson, S. D. 2012. Phylogenetic evidence for pollinator-driven diversification of angiosperms. Trends Ecol. Evol. 27: 353-361.

Van der Niet, T., & Linder, H. P. 2008. Dealing with incongruence in the quest for the species tree: A case study from the orchid genus Satyrium. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 47: 154-174.

Van der Niet, T. [et al. 2012], Hansen, D. M., & Johnson, S. D. 2012. Carrion mimicry in a South African orchid: Flowers attract a narrow subset of the fly assemblage on animal carcasses. Ann. Bot. 107: 981-992.

Van der Niet, T. [et al. 2014], Peakall, R., & Johnson, S. D. 2014. Pollinator-driven ecological speciation in plants: New evidence and future perspectives. Ann. Bot. 113: 199-211.

Van der Pijl, L. 1955. Sarcotesta, aril, pulpa and the evolution of the angiosperm fruit. Proc. Kon. Nederlandse Akad. Wet. C, 58: I, 154-161; II, 307-312.

Van der Pijl, L. 1956. Classification of the leguminous fruits according to their ecological and morphological properties. Proc. Kon. Nederlandse Akad. Wet. C, 58: 301-313.

Van der Pijl, L. 1957. On the arilloids of Nephelium, Euphoria, Litchi and Aesculus, and the seeds of Sapindaceae in general. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 6: 618-641.

Van der Pijl, L. 1966. Ecological aspects of fruit evolution, a functional study of dispersal organs. Proc. Kon. Nederlandse Akad. Wet. C, 69: I, 597-614; II, 615-624; III, 625-640.

Van der Pijl, L. 1982. Principles of Dispersal in Higher Plants. Ed. 3. Springer, New York.

Van der Pijl, L., & Dodson, C. H. 1966. Orchid Flowers: Their Pollination and Evolution. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FLA.

Vanderplank, J. 2000. Passion Flowers. "First MIT Press paperback edition." MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

Vanderplank, J., & Vanderplank, S. E. 2022. Evaluation of pollen morphology of Passiflora species and hybrids (Passifloraceae). J. Bot. Research Inst. Texas 16: 435–447. https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1260

Vanderplank, R. J. R. 2006 [2007]. Plant/insect mimicry in Passiflora. Passiflora 16: 26-27.

Vanderpool, D. [et al. 2017], Bracewell, R. B., & McCutcheon, J. P. 2018 [= 2017]. Know your farmer: Ancient origins and multiple independent domestications of ambrosia beetle fungal cultivars. Molec. Ecol. 27: 2077-2094.

Vanderpoorten, A. [et al. 2019], Patiño, J., Désamore, A., Laenen, B., Górski, P., Papp, B., Holá, E., Korpelainen, H., & Hardy, O. 2019. To what extent are bryophytes efficient dispersers? J. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.13161

Van der Sande, M. T. [et al. 2019], Poorter, L., Schnitzer, S. A., Engelbrecht, B. M. J., & Markesteijn, L. 2019. The hydraulic efficiency-safety trade-off differs between lianes and trees. Ecology https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2666

Van der Schoot, C. [et al. 1995], Dietrich, M. A., Storms, M., Verbeke, J. A., & Lucas, W. J. 1995. Establishment of a cell-to-cell communication pathway between separate carpels during gynoecium development. Planta 195: 450-455.

Van der Stocken, T. [et al. 2018], Carroll, D., Menemelis, D., Simard, M., & Koedam, N. 2019 [= 2018]. Global scale diversity and connectivity in mangroves. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116: 915-922.

Van der Veken, P. 1965. Contribution à l'embryographie systématique des Cyperaceae-Cyperoideae. Bull. Jard. Bot. l'État Bruxelles 35: 285-354.

Vander Wall, S. B. 2023. Seed dispersal in pines (Pinus). Bot. Review 89: 275-307.

Vander Wall, S. B., & Balda, R. P. 1977. Coadaptations of the Clark's nutcracker and the piñon pine for efficient seed harvest and dispersal. Ecol. Monogr. 47: 89-111.

Vander Wall, S. B., & Beck, M. J. 2012. A comparison of frugivory and scatter-hoarding seed-dispersal syndromes. Bot. Review 78: 10-31.

Van der Weide, J. C., & van der Ham, R. W. J. M. 2012. Pollen morphology and phylogeny of the tribe Tabernaemontaneae (Apocynaceae, subfamily Rauvolfioideae). Taxon 61: 131-145.

Van der Werff, H., & Richter, H. G. 1996. Toward an improved classification of Lauraceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 83: 409-418.

Van der Wyk, R. W., & Canright, J. E. 1956. The anatomy and relationships of the Annonaceae. Trop. Woods 104: 1-24.

Van de Ven, E. A., & van der Ham, R. W. J. M. 2006. Pollen of Melodinus (Apocynaceae): Monads and tetrads. Grana 45: 1-8.

Vandevenne, F. I. [et al. 2013], Barão, A. L., Schoelynck, J., Smis, A., Ryken, N., van Damme, S., Meire, P. & Struyf, E. 2013. Grazers: Biocatalysts of terrestrial silica cycling. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 280:20132083.

Van de Water, T. P. M. 1980. A taxonomic revision of the genus Sabia (Sabiaceae). Blumea 26: 1-64.

Van Deynze, A. [et al. 2018], Zamora, P., Delaux, P.-M., Heitmann, C., Jayaraman, D., Rajasekar, S., Graham, D., Maeda, J., Gibson, D., Schwartz, K. D., Berry, A. M., Bhatnagar, S., Jospin, G., Darling, A., Jeannotte, R., Lopez, J., Weimer, B. C., Eisen, J. A., Shapiro, H.-J., Ané, J.-M., & Bennett, A. B. 2018. Nitrogen fixation in a landrace of maize is supported by a mucilage-associated diazotrophic microbiota. PLoS Biol. 16(8):e2006352. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2006352

Van Dijk, J. K. [et al. 2009], van Tussenbroek, B. I., Jiménez-Durán, K., Márquez-Guzmán, C. J., & Ouborg, N. 2009. High levels of gene flow and low population genetic structure related to high dispersal potential of a tropical marine angiosperm. Marine Ecol. Progress Ser. 390: 67-77.

Van Do, T. [et al. 2024], Lu, N. T., Le, A. T., Lam, M. X. T., Trinh, X. T., Deguine, J.-P., Hoang, T. T., & Almeida, R. F. 2024. Chlorohiptage (Tetrapteroids, Malpighiaceae), a distinct new genus endemic to Vietnam based on morphological and molecular data. Plant Ecol. Evol. 157: 125-136. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115623

Van Ee, B. W., & Berry, P. E. 2009. A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of Croton (Euphorbiaceae s. str.) on Jamaica including the description of Croton jamaicensis, a new species of section Eluteria. Syst. Bot. 34: 129-140.

Van Ee, B. W. [et al. 2008], Berry, P. E., Riina, R., & Amaro, J. E. G. 2008. Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Caribbean-centered Croton subgenus Moacroton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Bot. Review 74: 132-165.

Van Ee, B. W. [et al. 2011], Riina, R., & Berry, P. E. 2011. A revised infrageneric classification and molecular phylogeny of New World Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 60: 791-823.

Van Ee, B. W. [et al. 2015], Forster, P. I., & Berry, P. E. 2015. Phylogenetic relationships and a new sectional classification of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia. Australian Syst. Bot. 28: 219-233.

Van Eldijk, T. J. B. [et al. 2018], Wappler, T., Strother, P. K., van der Weijst, C. M. H., Rajaei, H., Visscher, H., & van de Schootbrugge, B. 2018. A Triassic-Jurassic window into the evolution of Lepidoptera. Sci. Adv. 4:e1701568.

Van Etten, J., & Bhattacharya, D. 2020. Horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotes: Not if, but how much? Trends Genetics 36: 915-925.

Vane-Wright, D. 2004. Butterflies at that awkward age. Nature 428: 477-479.

Van Fleet, D. S. 1942. The development and distribution of the endodermis and an associated oxidase system in monocotyledonous plants. American J. Bot. 29: 1-15.

Van Fleet, D. S. 1961. Histochemistry and function of the endodermis. Bot. Review 27: 165-220.

Van Galen, L. G. [et al. 2023], Orlovich, D. A., Lord, J. M., Nilsen, A. R., Dutoit, L., & Larcombe, M. J. 2023. Correlated evolution in an ectomycorrhizal host–symbiont system. New Phytol. 238: 1215-1229.

Van Geel, M. [et al. 2020], Jacquemyn, H., Peeters, G., van Acker, K., Honnay, O., & Ceulemans, T. 2020. Diversity and community structure or ericoid mycorrhizal fungi in European bogs and heathlands across a gradient of nitrogen deposition. New Phytol. 228: 1640-1651.

Vangerow, S. [et aL. 1999], Teerkorn, T., & Knoop, V. 1999. Phylogenetic information in the mitochondrial nad5 gene of pteridophytes: RNA editing and intron sequences. Plant Biol. (Stuttgart) 1: 235-243.

Van Goor, J. [et al. 2022], Herre, E. A., Gómez, A., & Nason, J. D. 2022 Extraordinarily precise nematode sex ratios: Adaptive responses to vanishingly rare mating opportunities. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 289:20211572. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1572

Van Ham, R. C. H. J. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships in the Crassulaceae inferred from chloroplast DNA variation. Pp. 17-29, in 't Hart, H., & Eggli, U. (eds), Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae. Backhuys, Leiden.

Van Ham, R. C. H. J., & 't Hart, H. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships in Crassulaceae inferred from chloroplast DNA restriction site variation. American J. Bot. 85: 123-134.

Van Hautegem, T. [et al. 2015], Waters, A. J., Goodrich, J., & Nowack, M. K. 2015. Only in dying, life: Programmed cell death during plant development. Trends Plant Sci. 20: 102-113.

Vanhecke, L. 1974. Embryography of some genera of the Cladiinae and Gahniinae (Cyperaceae) with additional notes on their fruit anatomy. Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 44: 367-400.

Van Heel, W. A. 1966. Morphology of the androecium in Malvales. Blumea 13: 177-394.

Van Heel, W. A. 1967a. Anatomical and ontogenetic investigations on the morphology of the flowers and the fruit in Scyphostegia borneensis Stapf (Scyphostegiaceae). Blumea 15: 107-125.

Van Heel, W. A. 1967b. The synangial nature of pollen sacs on the strength of 'congenital fusion' and 'conservatism of the vascular bundle system', w. sp. ref. [with special reference] to some Malvales, I. Verh. Kon. Nederlandske Akad. Wetensch. C, Bot. 72: 172-192.

Van Heel, W. A. 1967c. The synangial nature of pollen sacs on the strength of 'congenital fusion' and 'conservatism of the vascular bundle system', w. sp. ref. [with special reference] to some Malvales, II. Verh. Kon. Nederlandske Akad. Wetensch. C, Bot. 72: 193-206.

Van Heel, W. A. 1970. Distally lobed integuments in some angiosperm ovules. Blumea 18: 67-70.

Van Heel, W. A. 1973. Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae. I. Scaphocalyx spathacea Ridl. Blumea 21: 259-279.

Van Heel, W. A. 1967. Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae. II. The seeds of Pangium edule Reinw. Blumea 22: 15-19.

Van Heel, W. A. 1977a. Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae III. Some Oncobeae. Blumea 23: 349-369.

Van Heel, W. A. 1977b. On the morphology of the ovules in Salacca (Palmae). Blumea 23: 371-395.

Van Heel, W. A. 1979. Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae IV. Hydnocarpus, Kiggelaria africana L., Casearia, Berberidopsis corallina Hook. f. Blumea 25: 513-529.

Van Heel, W. A. 1981. A S.E.M.-investigation on the development of free carpels. Blumea 27: 499-522.

Van Heel, W. A. 1983. The ascidiform early development of free carpels. Blumea 28: 231-270.

Van Heel, W. A. 1984. Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae V. The seed anatomy and pollen morphology of Berberidopsis and Streptothamnus. Blumea 30: 31-37.

Van Heel, W. A. 1987. Androecium development in Actinidia chinensis and A. melanandra (Actinidiaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 109: 17-23.

Van Heel, W. A. 1988. On the development of some gynoecia with septal nectaries. Blumea 33: 477-504.

Van Heel, W. A. 1993. Floral development of Archidendron lucyi (Mimosaceae), with remarks on Amherstia nobilis (Caesalpiniaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 114: 551-560.

Van Heusden, E. C. H. 1992. Flowers of Annonaceae: Morphology, Classification and Evolution. Blumea Suppl. 7. Rijksherbarium, Leiden.

Vanholme, R. [et al. 2010], Demedts, B., Morreel, K., Ralph, J., & Boerjan, W. 2010. Lignin biosynthesis and structure. Plant Physiol. 153: 895-905. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.155119

Van Hooren, A. M. N., & Nooteboom, H. P. 1984. Linaceae and Ctenolophonaceae especially of Malesia, with notes on their demarcation and the relationships with Ixonanthaceae. Blumea 29: 547-563.

Van Hooren, A. M. N., & Nooteboom, H. P. 1988a. Linaceae. Pp. 607-619, in de Wilde, W. J. J. O. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 10. Kluwer, Dordrecht.

Van Hooren, A. M. N., & Nooteboom, H. P. 1988b. Ctenolophonaceae. Pp. 629-634 in de Wilde, W. J. J. O. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 10. Kluwer, Dordrecht.

Vanícková, L. [et al. 2019], Pompeiano, A., Madera, P., Massad, T. J., & Vahalík, P. 2020 [= 2019]. Terpenoid profiles of resin in the genus Dracaena are species specific. Phytochem. 170:112197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112197

Vani-Hardev, A. 1972. Systematic embryology of Roridula gorgonensis Planch. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 48: 339-351.

VanInsberghe, D. [et al. 2015], Maas, K. R., Cardenas, E., Strachan, C. R., Hallam, S. J., & Mohn, W. W. 2015. Non-symbiotic Bradyrhizobium ecotypes dominate North American forest soils. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.54

Vanitha, K. [et al. 2016], Subhashini, P., & Thangaradjou, T. 2016. Karyomorphometric analysis of somatic chromosomes of selected seagrasses of families Hydrocharitaceae and Cymodoceaceae. Aquatic Bot. 133: 45-49.

Van Jaarsveld, E., & Eggli, U. 2020a. Eriospermaceae. Pp. 1217-1218(-1221), in Eggli, U., & Nyffeler, R. (eds), Monocotyledons. Volume 1: Families Agavaceae to Asphodelaceae. Ed. 2. Springer, Berlin.

Van Jaarsveld, E., & Eggli, U. 2020b. Hyacinthaceae. Pp. 1225-1229(-1289), in Eggli, U., & Nyffeler, R. (eds), Monocotyledons. Volume 1: Families Agavaceae to Asphodelaceae. Ed. 2. Springer, Berlin.

Van Jaarsveld, E. J., & van Wyk, A. E. 2007. Dewinteria, a new semi-succulent, cliff-dwelling genus endemic to the Kaokoveld, Namibia. Bothalia 37: 198-201.

Van Kleinwee, I. [et al. 2022], Larridon, I., Shah, T., Bauters, K., Asselman, P., Goetghebeur, P., Leliaert, F., & Veltjen, E. 2022. Plastid phylogenomics of the Sansevieria Clade of Dracaena (Asparagaceae) resolves a recent radiation. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 169:107404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107404

Van Kleunen, M. [et al. 2007], Nänni, I., Donaldson, J. S., & Manning, J. C. 2007. The role of beetle marks and flower colour on visitation by monkey beetles (Hopliini) in the Greater Cape Floral Region, South Africa. Ann. Bot. 100: 1483-1489.

Van-Lume, B. [et al. 2017], Esposito, T., Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., Gagnon, E., Lewis, G. P., & Souza, G. 2017. Heterochromatic and cytomolecular diversification in the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae): Relationships between phylogenetic and cytogeographical data. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 29: 51-63.

Van Mazijk, R. [et al. 2024], West, A. G., Verboom, G. A., Elliott, T. L., Bureš, P., & Muasya, A. M. 2024. Genome size variation in Cape schoenoid sedges (Schoeneae) and its ecophysiological consequences. American J. Bot. 111(8):e16315. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16315

Vanner, M. R. 2019. Miocene Casuarinaceae wood from Landslip Hill, Southland, New Zealand. IAWA J. 40: 627-639.

Vanneste, K. [et al. 2014a], Baele, G., Maere, S., & van de Peer, Y. 2014a. Analysis of 41 plant genomes supports a wave of successful genome duplications in association with the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Genome Res. 24: 1334-1347.

Vanneste, K. [et al. 2014b], Maere, S., & van de Peer, Y. 2014b. Tangled up in two: A burst of genome duplications at the end of the Cretaceous and the consequences for plant evolution. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 369:20130353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0353

Vanneste, K. [et al. 2015], Sterck, L., Mybrur, A. A., van de Peer, Y., & Mizrachi, E. 2015. Horsetails are ancient polyploids: Evidence from Equisetum giganteum. Plant Cell 27: 1567-1578.

Vanneste, S., & Beeckman, T. 2020. Pericyclic versus endodermal lateral roots: Which came first? Trends Plant Sci. 25: 727-729.

Vannette, R. L., & Fukami, T. 2018. Contrasting effects of yeasts and bacteria on floral nectar traits. Ann. Bot. 121: 1343-1349.

Vannette, R. L. [et al. 2012], Gauthier, M. P., & Fukami, T. 2012. Nectar bacteria, but not yeast, weaken a plant-pollinator mutualism. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 280:20122601. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2601.

Van Noort, S., & Compton, S. G. 1996. Convergent evolution of agaonine and sycoecine (Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea) head shape in response to the constraints of host fig morphology. J. Biogeog. 23: 415-424.

Van Oevelen, S. [et al. 2004], de Wachter, R., Vandamme, P., Robbrecht, E., & Prinsen, E. 2004. 'Candidatus Burkholderia calva' and 'Candidatus Burkholderia nigropunctata' as leaf gall endosymbionts of African Psychotria. Internat. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol 54: 2237-2239.

Van Rijckevorsel, P. 2002. Wood anatomy and taxonomy of the Lauraceae family. World of Wood 55(8): 4-16.

Van Royen, P. 1951. The Podostemaceae of the New World - Part 1. P. Harte, Bergen op Zoom.

Van Royen, P. 1953. The Podostemaceae of the New World II. Acta. Bot. Neerlandica 2: 1-21.

Van Royen, P. 1956. A new Batidaceae, Batis argillicola. Nova Guinea N.S. 7: 187-195, pl. XI.

Van Royen, P. 1972. Sertulum Papuanum 17. Corsiaceae of New Guinea and surrounding areas. Webbia 27: 223-255.

Van Schöll, L. [et al. 2008], Kuyper, T. W., Smits, M. M., Landeweert, R., Hoffland, E., & van Breeman, N. 2008. Rock-eating mycorrhizas: Their role in plant nutrition and biogeochemical cycles. Plant Soil 303: 35-47.

Van Setten, A. K., & Koek-Noorman, J. 1986. Studies in Annonaceae. VI. A leaf anatomical survey of genera of Annonaceae in the Neotropics. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 108: 17-50.

Van Setten, A. K., & Koek-Noorman, J. 1992. Studies in Annonaceae. XVII. Fruits and seeds of Annonaceae: Morphology and its significance for classification. Bibl. Bot. 142: 1-101.

Van Setten, D. C., & van de Werken, G. 1996. Molecular structure of saponins from Quillaja saponaria Moline. Pp. 185-193, in Waller, G. R., & Yamasaki, K. (eds), Saponins Used in Traditional and Modern Medecine. Plenum Press, New York. [Adv. Experim. Medec. Biol. Vol. 404.]

Van Staden, J. [et al. 1989], Manning, J. C., & Kelly, K. M. 1989. Legume seeds — the structure:function equation. Pp. 417-450, in Stirton, C. N., & Zarucchi, J. L. (eds), Advances in Legume Biology. Monographs in Systematic Botany 29: 417-450.

Van Staveren, M. G. C., & Baas, P. 1973. Epidermal leaf characters of Malesian Icacinaceae. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 22: 329-359.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1949a. Ancistrocladaceae. Pp. 8-10, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1949b. Styracaceae. Pp. 49-56, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1949c. Trigoniaceae. Pp. 58-60, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1949d. Plumbaginaceae. Pp. 107-112, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1949e. Notes on the genus Wightia (Scrophulariaceae). Bull. Bot. Gard. Buitenzorg Ser. 3, 18: 213-227.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1951. Dipsacaceae. Pp. 290-292, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1953. Datiscaceae. Pp. 382-387, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 4. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1955. Pentaphylacaceae. Pp. 121-124, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 5. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1955. Scyphostegiaceae. Pp. 297-299, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 5. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1963. Pacific Plant Areas, vol. 1. (Monographs of the National Institute of Science and Technology, Monograph 8, Vol. 1). Bureau of Printing, Manila.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1971. Byblidaceae. Pp. 135-137, in Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 7. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1972. Podostemaceae. Pp. 963-964, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 6. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1977. Bignoniaceae. Pp. 114-186, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 8. Sijthoff & Noordhoff, Alphen aan den Rijn.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1978. On the doubtful virtue of splitting families. Bothalia 12: 425-427.

Van Steenis, C. C. G. J. 1981. Rheophytes of the World: An Account of the Flood-Resistant Flowering Plants and Ferns and the Theory of Autonomous Evolution. Sijthoff & Noordhoff, Alphen aan den Rijn.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. 1982. Pentastemona, a new 5-merous genus of monocotyledons from North Sumatra (Stemonaceae). Blumea 28: 151-163.

Van Steenis, C. C. G. J. 1987. Rheophytes of the World. Supplement. Allkertonia 4: 267-330.

Van Steenis, C. G. G. J., & Van Balgooy, M. M. J. (ed.). 1966. Pacific Plant Areas, vol. 2. Rijksherbarium, Leiden. [Blumea Suppl. vol. 5.]

Vantaux A. [et al. 2007], Dejean, A., Dor, A., & Orivel, J. 2007. Parasitism versus mutualism in the ant-garden parabiosis between Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior. Insect. Sociaux 54: 95-99.

Van Tieghem, P. 1869a. Anatomie des fleurs et du fruit du gui (Viscum album). Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 5, 12: 108-124.

Van Tieghem, P. 1869b. Structure du pistil des Primulacées et dea Théophrastés. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 5, 12: 329-339.

Van Tieghem, P. 1870. Recherches sûr le symétrie de la structure dans les plantes vasculaires. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 5, 13: 5-314, pl. 3-8.

Van Tieghem, P. 1871. Recherches sur la structure du pistil et sur l'anatomie comparée de la fleur. Mém. Savants Etr. Acad. Sci. Inst. Impér. France Sér. 2, 21: 1-261, pl. 1-16.; ibid., 1875, Mém. Prés. Divers Savants Acad. Sci. Inst. Impér. France Sér. 2, 21: 1-261, pl. 1-16. [see Schmid, R., & Guédès, M. 1975. On the publication of van Tieghem's "Recherches sur la structure du pistil et sur l'anatomie comparée de la fleur". Taxon 24: 659-644.]

Van Tieghem, P. 1888. Sur le réseau de soutien de l'écorce de la racine. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 7, 7: 375-378.

Van Tieghem, P. 1891a. Classification anatomique des Mélastomacées. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 114-124.

Van Tieghem, P. 1891b. Sur la structure et les affinités des Mémécylées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 7, 13: 23-92, pl. 2.

Van Tieghem, P. 1892. Deuxième addition aux recherches sur la structure et les affinités des Mélastomatacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 7, 15: 369-380.

Van Tieghem, P. 1893. Sur les Batidacées. J. Bot. 17: 363-376.

Van Tieghem, P. 1896a. Sur l'organisation florale des Balanophoracées et sûr la place de cette famille dans la sous-classe des dicotyledones Inovulées ou Loranthinées. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 295-310.

Van Tieghem, P. 1896b. Sur les phanérogames à ovule sans nucelle, formant le groupe des innucellées ou Santalinées. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 543-577.

Van Tieghem, P. 1897a. Morphologie de l'embryon et de la plantule chez les Graminées et les Cypéracées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 3: 259-309.

Van Tieghem, P. 1897b. Sur les Buxacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 5: 289-338.

Van Tieghem, P. 1898a. Structure de quelques ovules et parti qu'on en peut tirée pour améliorer la classification. J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 197-220.

Van Tieghem, P. 1898b. Éléments de Botanique. II. Botanique spéciale. Ed. 3. Masson & Cie, Paris.

Van Tieghem, P. 1899. Sur le genre Penthore considéré comme type d'une famille nouvelle les Penthoracées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 9: 371-376.

Van Tieghem, P. 1901. L'oeuf des plantes considéré comme base de leur classification. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 14: 213-290.

Van Tieghem, P. 1902. Sur les Ochnacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 16: 161-416.

Van Tieghem, P. 1903a. Sur l'hypostase. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 8, 17: 346-362.

Van Tieghem, P. 1903b. Sur les Ancistrocladacées. J. Bot. (Morot) 17: 151-168.

Van Tieghem, P. 1903c. Sur la germination des Ochnacées. Bull. Mus. Hist. Naturelle Paris 9: 287-295.

Van Tieghem, P. 1903d. Structure et affinités des Erythroxylacées. Un nouvel example de cristarque. Bull. Mus. Hist. Naturelle Paris 9: 287-295.

Van Tieghem, P. 1904. Sur les franges sécrétices des stipules et des sépales chez les Godoyées. J. Bot. (Morot) 18: 105-109.

Van Tieghem, P. 1905a. Sur les Irvingiacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér.. 9, 1: 247-320.

Van Tieghem, P. 1905b. Sur les Rhaptopétalacées. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 9, 1: 321-388.

Van Tieghem, P. 1908. Structure du pistil et de l'ovule du fruite et de la graine des Acanthacées. Dédoublement de cette famille. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 9, 7: 1-24.

Van Tieghem, P., & Douliot, H. 1888. Recherches comparatives sur l'origine des membres endogènes dans les plantes vasculaires. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 7, 8: 1-660, pl. 1-40.

Van Tuinen, M., & Hedges, S. B. 2001. Calibration of avian molecular clocks. Molec. Biol. Evol. 18: 206-213.

Van Tussenbroek, B. I. [et al. 2006], Vonk, J. A., Stapel, J., Erftemeijer, P. L. A., Middelburg, J. J., & Zieman, J. C. 2006. The biology of Thalassia: Paradigms and recent advances in research. Pp. 409-439, in Larkum, A. W. D., Orth, R. J., & Duarte, C. M. (eds), Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Springer, Dordrecht.

Van Tussenbroek, B. I. [et al. 2016], Villamil, N., Márquez-Guzmán, Wong, R., Monroy-Velásquez, L. V., & Solis-Weiss, V. 2016. Experimental evidence of pollination in marine flowers by invertebrate fauna. Nature Communic. 7:12980. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12980

Van Veenendaal, W. L. H., & den Outer, R. W. 1993. Development of included phloem and organisation of the phloem network in the stem of Strychnos millepunctata (Loganiaceae). IAWA J. 14: 253-265.

Van Velzen, R. [et al. 2006], Bakker, F. T., Sattarian, A., & van der Maesen, L. J. G. 2006. Evolutionary relationships of Celtidaceae. pp. 7-29, in Sattarian, A. (ed.), Contribution to the Biosystematics of Celtis L. (Celtidaceae) with Special Emphasis on the African Species. Ph. D. Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.

Van Velzen, R. [et al. 2015], Wahlert, G. A., Sosef, M. S. M., Onstein, R. E., & Bakker, F. T. 2015. Phylogenetics of African Rinorea (Violaceae): Elucidating infrageneric relationships using plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 40: 174-184.

Van Velzen, R. [et al. 2018], Holmer, R., Bu, F., Rutten, L., van Zeijl, A., Liu, W., Santuari, L., Cao, Q., Sharma, T., Shen, D., Roswanjaya, Y., Wardhani, T. A. K., Kalhor, M. S., Jansen, J., van den Hoogen, J., Güngör, B., Hartog, M., Hontelez, J., Verver, J., Yang, W.-C., Schijlen, E., Repin, R., Schilthuizen, M., Schranz, M. E., Heidstra, R., Miyata, K., Fedorova, E., Kohlen, W., Bisseling, T., Smit, S., & Rene Geurts, R. 2018. Comparative genomics of the nonlegume Parasponia reveals insights into evolution of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium symbioses. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 115: E4700-E4709.

Vanvinckenroye, P., & Smets, E. F. 1996. Floral ontogeny of five species of Talinum and of related taxa (Portulacaceae). J. Plant Res. 109: 387-402.

Vanvinckenroye, P., & Smets, E. F. 1999. Floral ontogeny of Anacampseros subgen. Anacampseros sect. Anacampseros (Portulacaceae). Syst. Geog. Plants 68: 173-194.

Vanvinckenroye, P. [et al. 1993], Cresens, E., Ronse Decraene, L. P., & Smets, E. F. 1993. A comparative floral developmental study in Pisonia, Bougainvillea and Mirabilis (Nyctaginaceae) with special emphasis on the gynoecium and floral nectaries. Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 62: 69-96.

Vanvinckenroye, P. [et al. 1997], Ronse Decraene, L. P., & Smets, E. F. 1997. The floral development of Monococcus echinophorus (Phytolaccaceae). Canadian J. Bot. 75: 1941-1950.

Van Vliet, G. J. C. M. 1981. Wood anatomy of the palaeotropical Melastomataceae. Blumea 27: 395-462.

Van Vliet, G. J. C. M., & Baas, P. 1975. Comparative anatomy of the Crypteroniaceae sensu lato. Blumea 22: 175-195.

Van Vliet, G. J. C. M., & Baas, P. 1984 [= 1985.] Wood anatomy and classification of the Myrtales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 783-800.

Van Vliet, G. J. C. M. [et al. 1981], Koek-Noorman, J., & Ter Welle, B. J. H. 1981. Wood anatomy, classification and phylogany of the Melastomataceae. Blumea 27: 463-473.

Van Welzen, P. C. 1994a. A taxonomic revision of S. E. Asian Chaetocarpus Thwaites (Euphorbiaceae). Rheedea 4: 93-101.

Van Welzen, P. C. 1994b. Taxonomy, phylogeny and geography of Neoscortechinia Hook. f. ex Pax (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea 39: 301-318.

Van Welzen, P. C. 2011. Pandaceae (formerly Euphorbiaceae s.l. subfam. Acalyphoideae tribe Galearieae). Pp. 15-43, in Noteboom, H. P. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 20. Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden.

Van Welzen, P. C, & Baas, P. 1984. A leaf anatomical contribution to the Linaceae complex. Blumea 29: 453-479.

Van Welzen, P. C., & Forster, P. I. 2011. Picrodendraceae (formerly Euphorbiaceae s.l. subfam. Oldfieldioideae). Pp. 45-61, in Noteboom, H. P. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 20. Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden.

Van Welzen, P. C. [et al. 2014a], Strijk, J. S., van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A., Nucete, M., & Merckx, V. S. F. T. 2014a. Dated phylogenies of the sister genera Macaranga and Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae): Congruence in historial biogeographic patterns? PLoS ONE 9:e85713. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085713

Van Welzen, P. C. [et al. 2014b], Pruesapan, K., Telford, I. R. H., Esser, H.-J., & Bruhl, J. J. 2014b. Phylogenetic reconstruction prompts taxonomic changes in Sauropus, Synostemon and Breynia (Phyllanthaceae). Blumea 59: 77-94.

Van Welzen, P. C. [et al. 2015], Pruesapan, K., Telford, I. R. H., & Bruhl, J. J. 2015. Historical biogeography of Breynia (Phyllanthaceae): What caused speciation.J. Biogeog. 42: 1493-1502.

Van Welzen, P. C. [et al. 2021] Guerrero, S. A., Arifiani, D., Bangun, T. J. F., Bouman, R. W., Eurlings, M. C. M., Gushilman, I., Phillipson, P. B., Tabak, I., Winkel, E., & Wurdack, K. J. 2021. Weda, a new genus with two new species of Euphorbiaceae-Crotonoideae from Halmahera (North Maluku, Indonesia) and phylogenetic relationships of the Australasian tribe Ricinocarpeae. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 1000-1017.

Van Welzen, P. C. [et al. 2023], Winkel, E., & Bouman, R. W. 2023. Parallel developments in floral adaptations to obligate moth pollination mutualism in tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae). PhytoKeys 225: 165-198. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.225.99506

Van Wichelen, J. [et al. 1999], Camelbeke, K., Chaerle, P., Goeteghebeur, P., & Huysmans, S. 1999. Comparison of different treatments for LM and SEM studies and systematic value of pollen grains in Cyperaceae. Grana 38: 50-58.

Van Wyk, A. E., & Botha, R. 1984. The genus Eugenia (Myrtaceae) in southern Africa. Ontogeny and taxonomic value of the seed. South African J. Bot. 3: 63-80.

Van Wyk, A. E. [et al. 1980], Botha, D. J., & Coetzee, J. 1980. The genus Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) in southern Africa: 1. The nature and taxonomic value of the first-formed stem periderm. J. South African Bot. 46: 67-88.

Van Wyk, B.-E. 2001. A preliminary analysis of evolution of African and Madagascan Apiaceae. Edinburgh J. Bot. 58: 291-299.

Van Wyk, B.-E. 2003. The value of chemosystematics in clarifying relationships in the genistoid tribe of papilionoid legumes. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 31: 875-884.

Van Wyk, B.-E. [et al. 1996], Yenesew, A., & Dagne, E. 1996. The chemotaxonomic significance of root anthraquinones and pre-anthraquinones in the genus Lomatophyllum (Asphodelaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 23: 805-808.

Van Wyk, B.-E. [et al. 2005], Smith, G. F., Viljoen, A. M., Treutlein, J., & Wink, M. 2005. Seconday metabolites in relation to molecular phylogenies in Aloe and related genera (family Asphodelaceae). P. 36, in XVII International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, Europe. [Abstracts.]

Van Wyk, B.-E. [et al. 2013], Tilney, P. M., & Magee, A. R. 2013. African Apiaceae. A Synopsis of the Apiaceae/Umbelliferae of Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Briza Academic Books, Pretoria.

Varadarajan, G. S., & Gilmartin, A. J. 1988a. Seed morphology of the subfamily Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae) and its systematic implications. American J. Bot. 75: 808-818.

Varadarajan, G. S., & Gilmartin, A. J. 1988b. Phylogenetic relationships of groups of genera within the subfamily Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae). American J. Bot. 13: 283-293.

Varassin, I. G. [et al. 2007], Penneys, D. S., & Michelangeli, F. A. 2007. Comparative anatomy and morphology of nectar-producing Melastomataceae. P. 192, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Varassin, I. G. [et al. 2009], Penneys, D. S., & Michelangeli, F. A. 2009. Comparative anatomy and morphology of nectar-producing Melastomataceae. Ann. Bot. 102: 899-909.

Varga, T. [et al. 2019], Krizsán, K., Földi, C., Dima, B., Sánchez-García, M., Sánchez-Ramírez, S., Szöllösi, G. J., Szarkándi, J. G., Papp, V., Albert, L., Andreopoulos, W., Angelini, C., Antonín, V., Barry, K. W., Bougher, N. L., Buchanan, P., Buyck, B., Bense, V., Catcheside, P., Chovatia, M., Cooper, J., Dämon, W., Desjardin, D., Finy, P., Geml, J., Haridas, S., Hughes, K., Justo, A. F., Karasinski, D., Kautmanova, I., Kiss, B., Kocsubé, S., Kotiranta, H., LaButti, K. M., Lechner, B. E., Liimatainen, K., Lipzen, A., Lukács, Z., Mihaltcheva, S., Morgado, L., Niskanen, T., Noordeloos, M. E., Ohm, R. A., Ortiz-Santana, B., Ovrebo, C., Rácz, N., Riley, R., Savchenko, A., Shiryaev, A., Soop, K., Spirin, V., Szebenyi, C., Tomšovský, M., Tulloss, R. E., Uehling, J., Grigoriev, I. V., Vágvölgyi, C., Papp, T., Martin, F. M., Miettinen, O., Hibbett, D. S., & Nagy, L. G. 2019. Megaphylogeny resolves global patterns of mushroom evolution. Nature Ecol. Evol. 3: 668-678. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0834-1

Vargas, O. M., & Dick, C. W. 2020. Diversification history of Neotropical Lecythidaceae, an ecologically dominant tree family of Amazon rainforest. Pp. 791-809, in Rull, V., & Carnaval, A. C. (eds), Neotropical Diversification: Patterns and Process. Springer, Cham (Suisse).

Vargas, O. M. [et al. 2017], Ortiz, E. M., & Simpson, B. B. 2017. Conflicting phylogenomic signals reveal a pattern of reticulate evolution in a recent high-Andean diversification (Asteraceae: Astereae: Diplostephium). New Phytol. 214: 1736-1750.

Vargas, O. M. [et al. 2019], Heuertz, M., Smith, S. A., & Dick, C. W. 2019. Target sequence capture in the Brazil nut family (Lecythidaceae): Marker selection and in silico capture from genome skimming data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 135: 98-104.

Vargas, O. M. [et al. 2020], Goldston, B., Grossenbacher, D. N., & Kay, K. M. 2020. Patterns of speciation are similar across mountainous and lowland regions for a Neotropical plant radiation (Costaceae: Costus).bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/2020.05.30.125757 = Vargas, O. M. [et al. 2020], Goldston, B., Grossenbacher, D. N., & Kay, K. M. 2020. Patterns of speciation are similar across mountainous and lowland regions for a Neotropical plant radiation (Costaceae: Costus). Evolution 74: 2644-2661.

Vargas, O. M. [et al. 2024], Larson, D. A., Batista, J., Cornejo, X., Luize, B. G., Medellín-Zabala, D., Ribeiro, M., Smith, N. P., Smith, S. A., Vicentini, A., & Dick, C. W. 2024. Reclassification of the Bertholletia clade of the Brazil Nut Family (Lecythidaceae) based on a phylogenetic analysis of plastome and target sequence capture data. Harvard Papers Bot. 29: 159-179.

Vargas, P. [et al. 2004], Rosselló, J. A., Oyama, R., & Güemes, J. 2004. Molecular evidence for naturalness of genera in the tribe Antirrhineae (Scrophulariaceae) and three independent evolutionary lineages from the New World and the Old. Plant Syst. Evol. 249: 151-172.

Vargas, P. [et al. 2014], Valente, L. M., Blanco-Pastor, J. L., Liberal, I., Guzmán, I., Cano, E., Forrest, A., Fernández-Mazuecos, M. 2014. Testing biogeographic congruence of palaeofloras using molecular phylogenetics: Snapdragons and the Madrean-Tethyan flora. J. Biogeog. 41: 932-943.

Vargas-Luna, M. D. [et al. 2018], Hernández-Ledesma, P., Majure, L. C., Puente-Martínez, R., Macías, H. M. H., & Luna, R. T. B. 2018. Splitting Echinocactus: Morphological and molecular evidence support the recognition of Homalocephala as a distinct genus in the Cacteae. PhytoKeys 111: 31-59.

Varilla González, J. D. [et al. 2023], Alves, F. M., Sartori, Â. L. B., & Arruda, R. do C. de O. 2023. Diversity and evolution of leaflet anatomical characters in the Pterocarpus clade (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae). J. Plant Research 136: 453-481.

Varma, A., Kost, G., & Oelmüller, R. (eds). 2013. Piriformospora indica - Sebacinales and their Biotechnological Applications. Springer, Heidelberg. [Soil Biology 33.]

Vasek, F. C. 1980. Creosote Bush: Long-lived clones in the Mojave Desert. American J. Bot. 67: 246-255. doi:10.2307/2442649

Vasco, A. [et al. 2013], Moran, R. C., & Ambrose, B. A. 2013. The evolution, morphology, and development of fern leaves. Front. Plant Sci. 4: 435. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00345

Vasco, A. [et al. 2015], Lóriga, J., Rouhan, G., Ambrose, B. A., & Moran, R. C. 2015. Divided leaves in the genus Elaphoglossum (Dryopteridaceae): A phylogeny of Elaphoglossum section Squamipedia. Syst. Bot. 40: 46-55.

Vasco, A. [et al. 2016], Smalls, T. L., Graham, S. W., Cooper, E. D., Wong, G. K.-S., Stevenson, D. W., Moran, R. C., & Ambrose, B. A. 2016. Challenging the paradigms of leaf evolution: Class III HD-Zips in ferns and lycophytes. New Phytol. 212: 745-758.

Vasconcelos, E. V. [et al. 2018], Vasconcelos, S., Ribeiro, T., Benko-Iseppon, A. M., & Brasileiro-Vidal, A. C. 2018. Karyotype heterogeneity in Philodendron s.l. (Araceae) revealed by chromosome mapping of rDNA loci. PLoS ONE 13(11):e0207318. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207318

Vasconcelos, H. L. [et al. 2017]. Maravalhas, J. B., Feitosa, R. M., Pacheco, R., Neves, K. C., & Andersen, A. N. 2018 [= 2017]. Neotropical savanna ants show a reversed latitudinal gradient of species richness, with climatic drivers reflecting the forest origin of the fauna. J. Biogeog. 45: 248-258.

Vasconcelos, S. [et al. 2018], Soares, M. de L., Sakuragui, C. M., Croat, T. B., Oliveira, G., & Benko-Iseppon, A. M. 2018. New insights on the phylogenetic relationships among the traditional Philodendron subgenera and the other groups of the Homalomena clade (Araceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 127: 168-178.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C., & Proença, C. E. B. 2015. Floral cost vs. floral display: Insights from the megadiverse Myrtales suggest that energetically expensive floral parts are less phylogenetically constrained. American J. Bot. 102: 900-909.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2015], Prenner, G., Bünger, M. O., De-Carvalho, P. S., Wingler, A., & Lucas, E. J. 2015. Systematic and evolutionary implications of stamen position in Myrteae (Myrtaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 179: 388-402.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2016], Prenner, G., Santos, M. F., Wingler, A., & Lucas, E. J. 2017 [= 2016]. Links between parallel evolution and systematic complexity in angiosperms - a case study of floral development in Myrcia s.l. (Myrtaceae). Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 24: 11-24.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2017], Proença, C. E. B., Ahmad, B., Aguilar, D. S., Aguilar, R., Amorim, B. S., Campbell, K., Costa, I. R., De-Carvalho, P. S., Faria, J. E. Q., Giaretta, A., Kooij, P. W., Lima, D. F., Mazine, F. F., Peguero, B., Prenner, G., Santos, M. F., Soewarto, J., Wingler, A., & Lucas, E. J. 2017. Myrteae phylogeny, calibration, biogeography and diversification patterns: Increased understanding in the most species rich tribe of Myrtaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 109: 113-137. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.01.002

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2018], Chartier, M., Prenner, G., Martins, A. C., Schönenberger, J., Wingler, A., & Lucas, E. 2019 [= 2018]. Floral uniformity through evolutionary time in a species-rich tree lineage. New Phytol. 221: 1597-1608.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2019a], Prenner, G., & Lucas, E. 2019a. A systematic overview of the floral diversity in Myrteae (Myrtaceae). Syst. Bot. 44: 570-591.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2019b], Lucas, E. J., Conejero, M., Giaretta, A., & Prenner, G. 2020 [= 2019b]. Convergent evolution in calyptrate flowers of Syzygieae (Myrtaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 192: 498-509.

Vasconcelos, T. N. C. [et al. 2020], Alcantara, S., Andrino, C. O., Forest, F., Reginato, M., Simon, M. F., & Pirani, J. R., 2020. Fast diversification through a mosaic of evolutionary histories characterizes the endemic flora of ancient Neotropical mountains. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 287:20192933. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2933.

Vasconcelos, T. [et al. 2021], O'Meara, B. C., & Beaulieu, J. M. 2022 [= 2021]. Retiring "cradles" and "museums" of biodiversity. American Naturalist 199. https://doi.org/10.1086/717412 [EcoEvoRxiv doi:10.32942/osf.io/sxah8]

Vasco-Palacios, A. M. [et al. 2018], Hernandez, J., Peñuela-Mora, M. C., Franco-Molano, A. E., & Boekhout, T. 2018. Ectomycorrhizal diversity in a white sand forest in western Amazonia. Fungal Ecol. 31: 9-18.

Vasil, V. 1959. Morphology and embryology of Gnetum ula Brongn. Phytomorph. 9: 167-215.

Vasile, M.-A. [et al. 2020], Jeiter, J., Weigend, M., & Luevert, F. 2020. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Hydrophyllaceae and Namaceae, with a special reference to Phacelia and Wigandia. Syst. Biodiv. 18: 757-770.

Vasile, M.-A. [et al. 2022], Weigend, M., Ziegler, A., & Jeiter, J. 2022. Flower and fruit development of three species of Hydrophyllaceae sheds new light on flower evolution in Hydrophyllaceae. Internat, J. Plant Sci. 183: 331-347.

Vasques, D. T. [et al. 2019], Ebihara, A., Hirai, R. Y., Prado, J., & Motomi, I. 2019. Phylogeny of Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium (Hymenophyllaceae), with special focus on the diversity of the Hymenophyllum polyanthos species complex. Plant Syst. Evol. 305: 811-825.

Vázquez, D. P., & Aizen, M. A. 2004. Asymmetric specialization: A pervasive feature of plant-pollinator interactions. Ecology 85: 1251-1257.

Vásquez, D. P., & Simberloff, D. 2002. Ecological specialization and susceptibility to disturbance: Conjectures and refutations. American Naturalist 159: 606-623.

Vasquez, S. I. [et al. 2022], Welker, C. A. D., Silis Neffa, V. G., & Peichoto, M. C. 2022. Morphometric analysis of the Saccharum complex (Poaceae, Andropogoneae). Plant Syst. Evol. 308:10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-021-01801-z

Vázquez-García, J. A. [et al. 2024], Rosales-Martínez, C. S., Padilla-Lepe, J., Hernandez-Vera, G., & García-Morales, L. J. 2024. New genera and new combinations in Agavaceae (Asparagales). Phytoneuron 2024-02: 1–14.

Vázquez Pardo, F. M. [et al. 2023], Alonso, D. G., García, F. M., & Vilaviçosa, C. M. 2023. Annotations to infrageneric nomenclature of Quercus. Fol. Bot. Extremadurensis 17: 7-64.

Vásquez-Sánchez, M. [et al. 2013], Terrazas, T., Arias, S., & Ochoterena, H. 2013. Molecular phylogeny, origin and taxonomic implications of the tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae). Syst. Biodiv. 11: 103-116.

Vásquez-Sánchez, M. [et al. 2019], Sánchez, D., Terrazas, T., de la Rosa-Tilapa, & Arias, S. 2019. Polyphyly of the iconic cactus genus Turbinicarpus (Cactaceae) and its generic circumscription. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 190: 405-420.

Vásquez-Santana, S. [et al. 1993], Márquez-Guzmán, J., Engelman, M., & Martinez-Mena, A. 1992 [= 1993]. Development of ovule and anther of Cuscuta tinctoria (Cuscutaceae). Phytomorph. 42: 195-202.

Vasse, M. [et al. 2017], Voglmayr, H., Mayer, V., Gueidan, C., Nepel, M., Moreno, L., de Hoog, S., Selosse, M.-A., McKey, D., & Blatrix, R. 2017. A phylogenetic perspective on the association between ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and black yeasts (Ascomycota: Chaetothyriales). Proc. Royal Soc. B, 284:20162519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2519

Vassilczenko, I. T. 1947. Morphology of germination of Labiatae and its systematical significance. Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk. S.S.S.R. ser. 1, 6: 72-104. [In Russian.]

Vasudeva Rao, M. K., & Chakrabarty, T. 1985. Nicobariodendron Vasud. & T. Chakrab. (Celastraceae): A new genus from the Nicobar Islands, India. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 7: 513-516.

Vatanparast, M. [et al. 2013], Klitgård, B. B., Adema, F. A. C. B., Pennington, R. T., Yahara, T., & Kajita, T. 2013. First molecular phylogeny of the pantropical genus Dalbergia: Implications for infrageneric circumscription and biogeography. South African J. Bot. 89: 143-149.

Vatén, A., & Bergmann, D. C. 2012. Mechanisms of stomatal development: An evolutionary view. EvoDevo 3:11. doi: 10.1186/2041-9139-3-11

Vaughan, J. G. 1970. The Structure and Utilization of Oil Seeds. Chapman & Hall, London.

Vaughan, J. G., & Rest, J. A. 1969. Note on the testa structure of Panda Pierre, Galearia Zoll. et Mor. and Microdesmis Hook. f. in the Pandaceae. Kew Bull. 23: 215-218.

Vaughan, J. G., & Whitehouse, J. M. 1971. Seed structure and taxonomy of the Cruciferae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 64: 383-409.

Vaughn, K. C., & Bowling, A. J. 2008. Recovery of microtubules on the blepharoplast of Ceratopteris spermatogenous cells after oryzalin treatment. Protoplasma 233: 231-240. doi: 10.1007/s00709-008-0007-6

Vaughn, K. C., & Renzaglia, K. S. 2006. Structural and immunocytochemical characterization of the Ginkgo biloba L. sperm motility apparatus. Protoplasma 227: 165-173.

Vaughn, K. C. [et al. 1992], Ligrone, R., Owen, H. A., Hasegawa, J., Campbell, E. O., Renzaglia, K. S., & Monge-Najera, J. 1992. The anthocerote chloroplast: A review. New Phytol. 20: 169-190.

Vaughn, K. C. [et al. 2011], Bowling, A. J., & Ruel, K. J. 2011. The mechanism for explosive seed disprsal in Cardamine hirsuta (Brassicaceae). American J. Bot. 98: 1276-1285.

Vautier, S. 1949. La vascularisation florale chez les Polygonacées. Candollea 12: 219-343.

Vasile, M.-A. [et al. 2020], Jeiter, J., Weigend, M., & Luebert, F. 2020. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Hydrophyllaceae and Namaceae, with a special reference to Phacelia and Wigandia. Syst. Biodivers. 18: 757-770

Vasile, M.-A. [et al. 2921], Luebert, F., Jeiter, J., & Weigend, M. 2021. Fruit evolution in Hydrophyllaceae. American J. Bot. 108: 925-945.

Vasile, M.-A. [et al. 2022], Weigend, M., Ziegler, A., & Jeiter, J. 2022 Flower and fruit development of three species of Hydrophylleae sheds new light onflower evolution in Hydrophyllaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 183: 331-347.

Vasquez-Cooz, I., & Meyer, R. W. 2006. Distribution of libriform fibers and presence of spiral thickenings in fifteen species of Acer. IAWA J. 27: 173-182.

Vázquez-García, J. [et al. 2024], Rosales-Martínez, C., Padilla-Lepe, J., Hernández-Vera, G., & Morales, L. J. 2024. New genera and new combinations in Agavaceae (Asparagales). Phytoneuron 2024(02): 1-14.

Vásquez-Lobo, A. [et al. 2007], Carlsbecker, A., Vergara-Silva, F., Alvarez-Buylla, E. R., Piñero, D., & Engström, P. 2007. Characterization of the expression patterns of LEAFY/FLORICAULA and NEEDLY orthologs in female and male cones of the conifer genera Picea, Podocarpus, and Taxus: Implications for current evo-devo hypotheses for gymnosperms. Evol. Devel. 9: 446-459.

Vásquez-Sánchez, M. [et al. 2017], Terrazas, T., Grego-Valencia, D., & Arias, S. 2017. Growth form and wood evolution in the tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae). Willdenowia 47: 49-67.

Vaz, P. P. [et al. 2019], Alves, F. M., & Arruda, R do C. de O. 2019. Systematic implications of leaf anatomy in the Neotropical Mezilaurus clade (Lauraceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 189: 186-200.

Vea, I, M., & Grimaldi, D. A. 2016. Putting scales into evolutionary time: The divergence of major scale insect lineages (Hemiptera) predates the radiation of modern angiosperm hosts. Sci. Reports 6:23487.

Vega, A. S. [et al. 2002], Castro, M. A., & Anderson, W. R. 2002. Occurrence and phylogenetic significance of latex in the Malpighiaceae. American J. Bot. 89: 1725-1729.

Vega, F. E., & Hofstetter, R. W. 2015. Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Vega, F. E. [et al. 2009], Goettel, M. S., Blackwell, M., Chandler, D., Jackson, M. A., Keller, S., Koike, M., Maniania, N. K., Monzón, A., Ownley, B. H., Pell, J. K., Rangel, D. E. N., & Roy, H. 2009. Fungal entomopathogens: New insights on their ecology. Fungal Ecol. 2: 149-159.

Vegetti, A. C., & Weberling, F. 1996. The structure of the paracladial zone in Poaceae. Taxon 45: 453-460.

Vegetti, A. C. [et al. 1996], Anton, A. M., & Weberling, F. 1996. Some evolutionary trends in the inflorescence of Poaceae. Flora 190: 225-228.

Veiga, R. S. L. [et al. 2013], Faccio, A., Genre, A., Pieterse, C. M. J., Bonfante, P., & van der Heijden, M. G. A. 2013. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce growth and infect roots of the non-host plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ. 36: 1926-1937.

Veltjen, E. [et al. 2021], Testé, E., Bejerano, A. P., Asselman, P., Rodríguez, M. H., Torres, L. R. G., Chatrou, L. W., Goetghebeur, P., Larridon, I., & Samain, M. S. 2022 [= 2021]. The evolutionary history of the Caribbean magnolias (Magnoliaceae): Testing species delimitations and biogeographical hypotheses using molecular data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 167:107359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107359

Vieira, J. A. [et al. 2021], Silveira, D. S., Jordão, V. M. M., & Soares-Silva, J. P. 2021. Taxonomic novelties in Pentaphylacaceae: Four new species of Ternstroemia from Brazil. Neodiversity 14: 3-18.

Veits, M. [et al. 2018/2019], Khait, I., Obolski, U., Zinger, E., Boonman, A., Goldshtein, A., Saban, K., Ben-Dor, U., Estlein, P., Kabat, A., Peretz, D., Ratzersdorfer, I., Krylov, S., Chamovitz, D., Sapir, Y., Yovel, Y., & Hadany, L. 2018. Flowers respond to pollinator sound within minutes by increasing nectar sugar concentration. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/507319 = Veits, M., Khait, I., Obolski, U., Zinger, E., Boonman, A., Goldshtein, A., Saban, K., Seltzer, R., Ben-Dor, U., Estlein, P., Kabat, A., Peretz, D., Ratzersdorfer, I., Krylov, S., Chamovitz, D., Sapir, Y., Yovel, Y., & Hadany, L. 2019. Flowers respond to pollinator sound within minutes by increasing nectar sugar concentration. Ecol. Lett. 22: 1483-1492.

Vekemans, D. [et al. 2011], Viane, T., Caris, P., & Geuten, K. 2011. Transference of function shapes floral organ identity in the dove tree inflorescence. New Phytol. 193: 216-228.

Vekemans, D. [et al. 2012], Proost, S., Vanneste, K., Coenen, H., Viaene, T., Ruelens, P., Maere, S., Van de Peer, Y., & Geuten, K. 2012. Gamma paleohexaploidy in the stem-lineage of core eudicots: Significance for MADS-box gene and species diversification. Molec. Biol. Evol. 29: 3793-3806.

Velasco, L., & Goffman, F. D. 1999. Chemotaxonomic significance of fatty acids and tocopherols in Boraginaceae. Phytochem. 52: 423-426.

Velasco, L. [et al. 2000], Goffman, F. D., & Pujadas-Salvà, A. J. 2000. Fatty acids and tocochromanols in seeds of Orobanche. Phytochem. 54: 295-300.

Velasco, R. [et al. 2007], Zharkikh, A., Troggio, M., Cartwright, D. A., Cestaro, A., Pruss, D., Pino, M., Fitzgerald, L. M., Vezzulli, S., Reid, J., Malacarne, G., Iliev, D., Coppola, G., Wardell, B., Micheletti, D., Macalma, T., Facci, M., Mitchell, J. T., Perazzoli, M., Eldredge, G., Gatto, P., Oyzerski, R., Moretto, M., Gutin, N., Stefanini, M., Chen, Y., Segala, C., Davenport, C., Dematte, L., Mraz, A., Battilana, J., Stormo, K., Costa, F., Tao, Q., Si-Ammour, A., Harkins, T., Lackey, A., Perbost, C., Taillon, B., Stella, A., Solovyev, V., Fawcett, J. A., Sterck, L., Vandepoele, K., Grando, S. M., Toppo, S., Moser, C., Lanchbury, J., Bogden, R., Skolnick, M., Sgaramella, V., Bhatnagar, S. K., Fontana, P., Gutin, A., van de Peer, Y., Salamini, F., & Viola, R. 2007. A high quality draft consensus sequence of the genome of a heterozygous grapevine variety. PLoS ONE 2(12):e1326. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001326.

Veldkamp, J. F. 1984. Berberidopsis (Flacourtiaceae) in Australia. Blumea 30: 21-29.

Veldkornet, D. A. [et al. 2015], Adams, J. B., & Potts, A. J. 2015. Where do you draw the line? Determining the transition thresholds between estaurine salt marshes and terrestrial vegetation. South African J. Bot. 101: 153-159.

Veleba, A., [et al. 2014], Bureš, P., Adamec, L., Šmarda, P., Lipnerová, I., & Horová, L. 2014. Genome size and genomic GC content evolution in the miniature genome-sized family Lentibulariaceae. New Phytol. 203: 22-28. doi:10.1111/nph.12790

Veleba, A. [et al. 2017], Šmarda, P., Zedek, F., Horovát, L., Šmerda, J., & Bureš, P. 2017. Evolution of genome size and genomic GC content in carnivorous holokinetics (Droseraceae). Ann. Bot. 119: 409-416.

Veleba, A., [et al. 2020], Zedek, F., Horová, L., Veselý, P., Srba, M., Šmarda, P., & Bureš, P. 2020. Is the evolution of carnivory connected with genome size reduction? American J. Bot. 107: 1253-1259.

Vellekoop, J. [et al. 2014], Sluijs, A., Smit, J., Schouten, S., Weijers, J. W. H., Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., & Brinkhuis, H. 2014. Rapid short-term cooling following the Chicxulub impact at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 111: 7537-7541.

Veller, C. [et al. 2015], Nowak, M. A., & Davis, C. C. 2015. Extended flowering intervals of bamboos evolved by discrete multiplication. Ecol. Letters doi: 10.1111/ele.12442

Vellinga, E. C. [et al. 2009], Wolfe, B. E., & Pringle, A. 2009. Global patterns of ectomycorrhizal introductions. New Phytol. 181: 960-973.

Velloso, M. de S. C. [et al. 2018], de Brito, V. L. G., Caetano, A. P. S., & Romero R., R. 2018. Anther specializations related to the division of labor in Microlicia cordata (Spreng.) Cham. (Melastomataceae). Acta Bot. Brasilica 32: 349-358.

Veloz, S. [et al. 2012], Williams, J. W., Blois, J. L., He, F., Otto-Bliesner, B., & Liu, Z. 2012. No-analog climates and shifting realized niches during the late Quaternary: Implications for 21st-century predictions by species distribution models. Global Change Biol. 18: 1698-1713.

Venable, D. L. 1985. The evolutionary ecology of seed heteromorphism. American Natur. 126: 577-595.

Venado, R. E. [et al. 2020], Liang, J., & Marín, M. 2020. Rhizobia infection, a journey to the inside of plant cells. Pp. 97-118, in Frendo, P. [et al. 2020], Frugier, F., & Masson-Boivin, C. (eds), Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Symbioses in Legumes. Academic Press, London. [Adv. Bot. Res. Vol. 94.]

Vences, M. [et al. 2013], Guayasamin, J. M., Miralles, A., & de la Riva, I. 2013. To name or not to name: Criteria to promote economy of change in Linnaean classification schemes. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 201-244.

Vencl, F. V., & Morton, T. C. 1999. Macroevolutionary aspects of larval shield defences. Pp. 217-238, in Cox, M. L. (ed.), Advances in Chrysomelidae Biology 1. Backhuys, Leiden.

Venegas-González, A. [et al. 2020], Mello, F. N. A., Schnitzer, S. A., César, R. G., & Tomazello-Filho, M. 2020. The negative effect of lianas on tree growth varies with tree species and season. Biotropica 52: 836-844.

Venkata Ramana, R. [et al. 2000], Prakasa Rao, P. S., Dutt, B. S. M., & Narayana, L. L. 2000. Embryology of Phryma leptostachya L. (Verbenaceae) with considerations of its systematic status and affinities. Feddes Repert. 111: 231-248.

Venkata Rao, C. 1949. Contributions to the embryology of Sterculiaceae - I. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 28: 180-197.

Venkata Rao, C. 1950. Contributions to the embryology of Sterculiaceae - II. Waltheria indica L.. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 29: 163-176.

Venkata Rao, C. 1951. Contributions to the embryology of Sterculiaceae - III. Melochia corchorifolia L.. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 30: 122-131.

Venkata Rao, C. 1952a. The embryology of Muntingia calabura L.. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: 87-101.

Venkata Rao, C. 1952b. Floral anatomy of some Malvales and its bearing on the affinities of families included in the order. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: 171-203.

Venkata Rao, C. 1952c. Contributions to the embryology of Sterculiaceae - IV. Development of the gametophytes in Pterospermum suberifolium Lam. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: 251-260.

Venkata Rao, C. 1953a. Floral anatomy and embryology of two species of Elaeocarpus. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 32: 21-33.

Venkata Rao, C. 1953b. Contributions to the embryology of Sterculiaceae - V. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 32: 208-238.

Venkata Rao, C. 1954. A contribution to the embryology of Bombacaceae. Proc Indian Acad. Sci. B, 39: 51-75.

Venkata Rao, C. 1959. Studies in the Proteaceae X. Morphology and embryology of Hakea Schrad. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 48: 310-321.

Venkata Rao, C. 1962. Morphology and embryology of Lomatia Br. with a discussion on its probable origin. Pp. 261-273, in Maheshwari, P. (ed.), Plant Embryology - a Symposium. CSIR, New Delhi.

Venkata Rao, C. 1967. Morphology of the nectary in Proteaceae. New Phytol. 66: 99-107.

Venkata Rao, C. 1971. Proteaceae. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi.

Venkata Rao, C., & Ramalakshmi, T. 1967. Floral anatomy of Euphorbiacae I. Some non-cyathium taxa. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 46: 278-300.

Venkata Rao, C., & Rama Rao, S. 1954. Embryology of Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br. and Caralluma attenuata Wt. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 32: 21-33.

Venkata Rao, C., & Sambasiva Rao, K. V. 1952. A contribution to the embryology of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. and Corchorus acutangulus L. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: 57-68.

Venkatasubban, K. R. 1950. Studies in the Droseraceae 2. A contribution to the embryology of three species of Drosera. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 32: 23-38.

Venkatesh, C. S. 1955. The structure and dehiscence of the anther in Memecylon and Mouriria. Phytomorph. 5: 435-440.

Venkatesh, C. S. 1956. The curious anther of Bixa - its structure and dehiscence. American Midl. Naturalist 55: 473-476.

Venkatesh, C. S. 1957 [= 1958]. The form, structure and special ways of dehiscence of anthers of Cassia - III. Subgenus Senna. Phytomorph. 7: 258-273.

Venkateshwaran, M. [et al. 2012], Cosme, A., Han, L., Banba, M., Satyshur, K. A., Schleiff, E., Parniske, M., Imaizumi-Anraku, H., & Ané, J.-M. 2012. Recent evolution of a symbiotic ion channel in the legume family altered ion conductance and improved functionality in calcium signaling. Plant Cell 24: 2528-2545.

Venkateswarlu, J. 1947. Embryological studies in Thymelaeaceae. 2. Daphne cannabina Wall and Wikstroemia canescens Meissn.. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 26: 13-39.

Venkateswarlu, J. 1952a. Embryological studies in Lecythidaceae - I. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: 103-116.

Venkateswarlu, J. 1952b. Contributions to the embryology of Combretaceae: I-Poivrea coccinea DC. Phytomorph. 2: 231-240.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Atchutaramamurti, B. 1995. Embryological studies in the Boraginaceae. I. Coldenia procumbens Linn. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 34: 235-247.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Jillella. 1937. A contribution to the embryology of Sonneratiaceae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 5: 206-223.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Lakshminarayana, L. 1957 [= 1958]. A contribution to the embryology of Hydrocera triflora W. & A. Phytomorph. 7: 194-204.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Maheshwari Devi, H. 1955. Embryological studies in Compositae II. Helenieae. Proc. National Inst. Sci. India B, 21: 149-161.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Maheshwari Devi, H. 1973. An embryological approach to the taxonomic status of Vacciniaceae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 78: 282-291.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Prakasa Rao, P. S. 1970. The floral anatomy of some Combretaceae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 36: 1-20.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Prakasa Rao, P. S. 1971. Wood anatomy and systematic position of Strephonema. New Phytol. 70: 767-771.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Prakasa Rao, P. S. 1972. Embryological studies in some Combretaceae. Bot. Notis. 125: 161-179.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Rao, P. N. 1963. Endosperm in Euphorbiaceae and occurrence of endosperm haustoria in two speces of Croton Linn. Current Sci. 32: 514-516.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Rao, P. N. 1975. A contribution to the embryology of the tribe Hippomaneae of the Euphorbiaceae. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 54: 98-103.

Venkateswarlu, J., & Raju, C. S. K. 1958. Male and female gametophytes in four species of Asparagua. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 37: 290-2993.

Venkateswarlu, J. [et al. 1980], Sarojini Devi, P., & Nirmala, A. 1980. Embryological sudies in Eleutherine plicata Herb. and Belamcanda chinensis Lem.. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 89: 361-367.

Vent, W., & Mory, B. 1973. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sippenstruktur der Gattungen Glaucium Adanson und Dicranostigma Hooker f. et Thomson (Papveraceae). Gleditschia 1: 33-41.

Venter, H. J. T., & Verhoeven, R. L. 2001. Diversity and relationships within the Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 550-568.

Venter, F. 2008. Synopsis of the genus Ledebouria Roth (Hyacinthaceae) in South Africa. Herbertia 62: 85-155.

Venter, S. 2021. A taxonomic revision of the Australasian genera Dracophyllum and Richea (Richeeae: Styphelioideae: Ericaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 34: 1-205.

Venturelli, M. 1981. Embriologia de Struthanthus vulgaris (Loranthaceae-Loranthoideae). Kurtziana 14: 73-100.

Venturelli, M. 1983. Estudos embriológicos em Loranthaceae: Género Tripodanthus. Kurtziana 16: 71-90.

Venturelli, M., & Bouman, F. 1986. Embryology and seed development in Mayaca fluviatilis (Mayacaceae). Acta Bot. Neerlandica 35: 497-516.

Venturelli, M., & Bouman, F. 1988. Development of ovule and seed in Rapateaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 97: 267-294.

Vera, E. I., & Herbst, R. 2015. New cyathealean tree ferns from the Cretaceous of South Africa: Natalipteris wildei gen. et sp. nov. and Kwazulupteris schaarschmidtii gen. et sp. nov.. J. African Earth Sci. 101: 56-69.

Vera-Caletti, P., & Wendt, T. 2001. A revision of the genus Calatola (Icacinaceae) in Mexico. P. 167, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Veranso-Libalah, M. C. [et al. 2017], Stone, R. D., Fongod, A. G. N., Couvreur, T. L. P., & Kadereit, G. 2017. Phylogeny and systematics of African Melastomateae (Melastomataceae). Taxon 66: 584-614.

Veranso-Libalah, M. C. [et al. 2018], Kadereit, G., Stone, R. D., & Couvreur, T. L. P. 2018. Multiple shifts to open habitats in Melastomateae (Melastomataceae) congruent with the increase of African Neogene climatic aridity. J. Biogeog. 45: 1420-1431.

Veranso-Libalah, M. C. [et al. 2020], Stone, R. D., & Kadereit, G. 2020. Towards a complete phylogeny of African Melastomateae: Systematics of Dissotis and allies (Melastomataceae). Taxon 69: 946-991.

Veranso-Libalah, M. C. [et al. 2022a], Stone, R. D., Kadereit, G., & Guimarães, P. J. M. 2022a. Systematics and taxonomy of the tribe Melastomateae. Pp. 429-463, in Goldenberg, R., Michelangeli, F. A., & Almeda, F. (eds), Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae. Springer Nature, Cham.

Veranso‐Libalah, M. C. [et al. 2022b], Mertes, H., Stone, R. D., Chen, L., Stévart, T., Almeda, F., van der Burgt, X. M., & Kadereit, G. 2023 [= 2022b]. Phylogeny and systematics of the tribe Sonerileae (Melastomataceae) in Africa: A revised taxonomic classification. Plant Syst. Evol. 61: 657-681.

Verbeek-Reuvers, A. A. M. L. 1976. On the number of endoapertures per ectoaperture in colporate pollen grains. Pollen Spores 18: 337-384.

Verbelen, J. P. 1970. Systematische embryografie van de Cyperaceae-Rhynchosporineae. Biol. Jaarb. Dodonaea 38: 151-166.

Verboom, G. A. [et al. 1994], Linder, H. P., & Barker, N. P. 1994. Haustorial synergids: An important character in the systematics of danthonioid grasses (Arundinoideae: Poaceae)? American J. Bot. 81: 1601-1610.

Verboom, G. A. [et al. 2009], Archibald, J. K., Bakker, F. T., Bellstedt, D. U., Conrad, F., Dreyer, L. L., Forest, F., Galley, C., Goldblatt, P., Henning, J. F., Mummenhoff, K., Linder, H. P., Muasya, A. M., Obelander, K. C., Savolainen, V., Snijman, D. A., van der Niet, T., & Nowell, T. L. 2009. Origin and diversification of the Greater Cape flora: Ancient species repository, hot-bed of recent radiation, or both? Molec. Phyl. Evol. 51: 44-53.

Verbruggen, E. [et al. 2013], Veresoglou, S. D., Anderson, I. C., Caruso, T., Hammer, E. C., Kohler, J., & Rillig, M. C. 2013. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - short-term liability but long-term benefits for soil carbon storage? New Phytol. 197: 366-368.

Verdcourt, B. 1958. Remarks on the classification of the Rubiaceae. Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat. Bruxelles 28: 209-290.

Verdcourt, B. 1962. Theaceae. Pp. 1-8, in Milne-Redhead, E., & Polhill, R. M. (eds), Flora of Tropical East Africa, vol. 7. Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations.

Verdcourt, B. 1973. Notes on the genus Grevea Baill. (Montiniaceae). Kew Bull. 28: 147-150.

Verdcourt, B. 1986. Chloranthaceae. Pp. 123-144, in Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 10. Nijhoff, Dordrecht.

Verdú, M. 2002. Age at maturity and diversification in woody angiosperms. Evolution 56: 1352-1361.

Verdú, M. 2006. Tempo, mode and phylogenetic associations of relative embryo size evolution in angiosperms. J. Evol. Biol. 19: 625-634,

Verdú, M. [et al. 2007], Pausas, J. G., Segarra-Moragues, J. G., & Ojeda, F. 2007. Burning phylogenies: Fire, molecular evolutionary rates, and diversification. Evolution 61: 2195-2204.

Vereecken, N. J. [et al. 2011], Streinzer, M., Ayasse, M., Spaethe, J., Paulus, H. F., Stökl, J., Cortis, P., & Schiestl, F. 2011. Integrating past and present studies on Ophrys pollination - a comment on Bradshaw et al.. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 165: 329-335.

Verellen, J. [et al. 2004], Smets, E., & Huysmans, S. 2004. The remarkable genus Coptosapelta (Rubiaceae): Pollen and orbicule morphology and systematic implications. J. Plant Res. 117: 57-68.

Verellen, J. [et al. 2007], Dessein, S., Razafimandimbison, S. G., Smets, E., & Huysmans, S. 2007. Pollen morphology of the tribes Naucleeae and Hymenodictyeae (Rubiaceae - Cinchonoideae) and its phylogenetic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 153: 329-341.

Veresoglou, S. D. [et al. 2018], Liu, L., Xu, T., Rillig, M. C., Wang, M., Wang, J., Chen, Y., Hu, Y., Hao, Z., & Chen B. D. 2018 Biogeographical constraints in Glomeromycotinan distribution across forest habitats in China. J. Ecol. 107: 684-695.

Veresoglou, S. D. [et al. 2019], Chen, B. D., Fischer, M. M., Helgason, T., Mamolos, A. P., Rillig, M. C., Roldán, A., & Johnson, D. 2019 Latitudinal constraints in responsiveness of plants to arbuscular mycorrhiza: The 'sun-worshipper' hypothesis. New Phytol. 224: 552-556.

Vergara-Silva, F. [et al. 2003], Espinosa-Matías, S., Ambrose, B. A., Vázquez-Santana, S., Martínez-Mena, A., Márquez-Guzmán, J., Martínez, E., Meyerowitz, E. M., & Alvarez-Buylla, E. R. 2003. Inside-out flowers characteristic of Lacandonia schismatica evolved at least before its divergence from a closely related taxon, Triuris brevistyla. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164: 345-357.

Vergara-Torres. C. A. [et al. 2021], Díaz-Castelazo, C., Toledo-Hernández, V. H., & Flores-Palacios, A. 2021. Lowering the density: Ants associated with the myrmecophyte Tillandsia caput-medusae diminish the establishment of epiphytes. AoB Plants 13(4) doi:10.1093/aobpla/plab024

Vergne, A. [et al. 2021], Darbot, V., Bardot, C., Enault, F., Le Jeune, A.-H., Carrias, J.-F., Corbara, B., Céréghino, R., Leroy, C., Jeanthon, C., Giraud, E., Mary, I., & Lehours, A.-C. 2021. Assemblages of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in tank bromeliads exhibit a host-specific signature. J. Ecology 109: 2550-2065.

Vergne, A. [et al. 2023], Giraud, E, Camuel, A., Bardot, C., Billard, H., Bouquet, C., Corbara, B., Gully, D., Mathonat, F., Jeanthon, C., Mary, I., Caissard, J.-C., & Lehours, A.-C. 2023. The Pharaoh's snakes of the teasel: New insights into Francis Darwin's observations. Ecology 104(5):e4030.

Verhoek, S. 1998. Agavaceae. Pp. 60-69, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. III. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Verhoeven, J. T. A., & Liefveld, W. M. 1997. The ecological significance of organochemical compounds in Sphagnum. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 46: 117-130.

Verhoeven, R. L., & Marais, E. M. 1990. Pollen morphology of the Geraniaceae. Pp. 137-173, in Vorster, P. (ed.), Proceedings of the International Geraniaceae Symposium. Stellenbosch.

Verhoeven, R. L., & van der Schijff, H. P. 1974. Anatomical aspects of Combretaceae in South Africa. Phytomorph. 24: 158-164.

Verhoeven, R. L., & Venter, H. J. T. 1994. A preliminary report on the pollen morphology of the Periplococaceae. Pp. 1239-1255, in Seyani, J. H., & Chikuni, A. C. (eds), Proceedings of the 13th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, vol. 2. National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi, Zomba.

Verhoeven, R. L., & Venter, H. J. T. 2001. Pollen morphology of the Periplocoideae, Secamonoideae, and Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 569-582.

Verhoeven, R. L. [et al. 2003], Liede, S., & Endress, M. E. 2003. The tribal position of Fockea and Cibirhiza (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): Evidence from pollinium structure and cpDNA sequence data. Grana 42: 70-81.

Verkeke, W. 1984. Ovule and seed of Xanthophyllum (Polygalaceae). Blumea 29: 409-421.

Verkeke, W. 1985. Ovules and seeds of the Polygalaceae. J. Arnold Arbor. 66: 353-394.

Verkeke, W. 1985 [= 1986]. Ovule ontogeny and seed coat development in Krameria Loefling (Krameriaceae). Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 60: 341-351.

Verkeke, W. 1991. Fruits and seed of Balgoya pacifica (Polygalaceae) from New Caledonia. Bull. Mus. National Hist. Naturelle Paris sér. 4, 14, sect. B. Adansonia: 9-12.

Verkeke, W., & Bouman, F. 1980. Ovule ontogeny and its relation to seed-coat structure in some species of Polygala (Polygalaceae). Bot. Gaz. 141: 277-282.

Verlaque, R. 1977. Importance du fruit dans la détermination des Dipsacaceae. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 124: 515-527.

Verlaque, R. 1983. Contribution a l’étude du genre Morina L. Pollen et Spores 25: 143-162.

Verlaque, R. 1984. Étude biosystématique et phylogénétique des Dipsacaceae. I. - Délimitation des Dipsacaceae à l'intérieur des Dipsacales, rapports avec les autres familles de l'ordre. Rev. Gén. Bot. 91: 81-121.

Verlaque, R. 1985. Étude biosystématique et phylogénétique des Dipsacaceae. II. - Caractères généraux des Dipsacaceae. Rev. Cytol. Biol. Végét. - Bot. 8: 117-168.

Verlaque, R. 1986. Étude biosystématique et phylogénétique des Dipsacaceae. V. - Tribu des Scabioseae (phylum no4) et conclusion. Rev. Cytol. Biol. Végét. - Bot. 9: 97-176.

Vermeij, G. J. 2024. Ants and the rise of flowering plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci.

Vermuelen, J. J. [et al. 2014], Schuiteman, D., & de Vogel, E. F. 2014. Nomenclatural changes in Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae). Phytotaxa 166: 101-113.

Vermuelen, J. J. [et al. 2015], O'Byrne, P., & Lamb, A. 2015. Bulbophyllum of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

Vermuelen, P. 1966. The system of the Orchidales. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 15: 224-253.

Veron, A. S. [et al. 2007], Kaufmann, K., & Bornberg-Bauer, E. 2007. Evidence of interaction network evolution by whole-genome duplications: A case study in MADS-box proteins. Molec. Biol. Evol. 24: 670-678.

Véron, E. [et al. 2021], Vernoux, T., & Coudert, Y. 2021. Phyllotaxis from a single apical cell. Trends Plant Sci. 26: 124-131.

Versiane, A. F. A. [et al. 2021], Romero, R., Reginato, M., Welker, C. A. D., Michelangeli, F. A., & Goldenberg, R. 2021. Phylogenetic analysis of Microlicieae (Melastomataceae), with emphasis on the re-circumscription of the large genus Microlicia. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 197: 35-60.

Versieux, L. M. [et al. 2010], Elbl, P. M., Wanderley, M. das G. L., & de Menezes, N. L. 2010. Alcantarea (Bromeliaceae) leaf anatomical characterization and its systematic implications. Nordic J. Bot. 28: 385-397.

Versieux, L. M. [et al. 2012], Barbará, T., Wanderley, M. das G. L., Calvente, A., Fay, M. F., & Lexer, C. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics of the Brazilian giant bromeliads (Alcantarea, Bromeliaceae): Implications for morphological evolution and biogeography. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 64: 177-189.

Versteegh, P. C., & Sosef, M. S. M. 2007. Revision of the African genus Annickia (Annonaceae). Syst. Geogr. Plants 77: 91-118.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2011a], Groeninckx, I., Smets, E., & Huysmans, S. 2011a. Phylogenetic signal of orbicules at family level: Rubiaceae as case study. Taxon 60: 742-757.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2011b], Van Elst, D., Steyn, H., Van Wyk, B., Lemaire, B., Smets, E., & Dessein, S. 2011b. Endophytic bacteria in toxic South African plants: Identification, phylogeny and possible involvement in gousiekte. PLoS ONE 6(4):e19265.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2013a], Janssens, S., Smets, E., & Dessein, S. 2013a. Symbiotic ß-ptoteobacteria beyond legumes: Burkholderia in Rubiaceae. PLoS ONE 8:e55260.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2013b], Janssens, S., Lemaire, B., Smets, E., & Dessein, S. 2013b. Phylogenetic lineages in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) associated with Burkholderia bacteria in sub-Saharan Africa. American J. Bot. 100: 2380-2387.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2014], Moon, H.-K., Smets, E., & Huysmans, S. 2014. Orbicules in flowering plants: A phylogenetic perspective on their form and function. Bot. Review 80: 107-134.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2017], Janssens, S., & Rønsted, N. 2017. Non-nodulated bacterial leaf symbiosis promotes the evolutionary success of its host plants in the coffee family (Rubiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 113: 161-168.

Verstraete, B. [et al. 2023], Janssens, S., De Block, P., Asselman, P., Mendez Silva, G., Ly, S. N., Hamon, P., & Guyot, R. 2023. Expanding the scope of leaf symbiosis: Caballeronia endophytes in Empogona and Tricalysia (Coffeeae, Rubiaceae). Bonplandia 32. https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/bon/article/view/7296

Veselova, T. D. [et al. 2012], Dzhalilova, K. K., Remizowa, M. V., & Timonin, A. C. 2012. Embryology of Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. and T. triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. (Portulacaceae s.l., Caryophyllales). Wulfenia 19: 107-129.

Veselova, T. D. [et al. 2016], Dzhalilova, K. K., & Timonin, A. C. 2016. Embryology of Polycnemum arvense L. (lower core Caryophyllales). Wulfenia 23: 221-240.

Vesely, P. [et al. 2013], Bureš, P., & Šmarda, P. 2013. Nutrient reserves may allow for genome size increase: Evidence from comparison of geophytes and their non-geophytic relatives. Ann. Bot. 112: 1193-1200.

Vesque, J. 1878. Nouvelles recherches sur le développement du sac embryonnaire des phanérogames angiospermes. Ann. Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 6, 8: 260-392, pl. 12-21.

Vessey, J. K. [et al. 2004], Pawlowski, K., & Bergman, B. 2004. Root-based N2-fixing symbioses: Legumes, actinorhizal plants, Parasponia sp. and cycads. Pp. 205-230, in Lambers H., & Colmer T. D. (eds), Root Physiology: From Gene to Function. Springer, Dordrecht. [Plant Ecophysiology, vol 4.]

Vester, von H. 1940. Die Areale und Arealtypen der Angiospermen-Familien. Bot. Arkiv 41: 203-275, 295-356.

Vetrovský, T. [et al. 2019], Kohout, P., Kopecký, M., Machac, A., Man, M., Bahnmann, B. D., Brabcová, V., Choi, J., Meszárosová, L., Human, Z. R., Lepinay, C., Lladó, S., López-Mondéjar, R., Martinovic, T., Masínová, T., Morais, D., Navrátilová, D., Odriozola, I., Stusová, M., Svec, C., Tiáskal, V., Urbanová, M., Wan, J., Zifcálová, L., Howe, A., Ladau, J., Oeay, K. G., Storch, D., Wild, J., & Baldrian, P. 2019. A meta-analysis of global fungal distribution reveals climate-driven patterns. Nature Communic 10:5142. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13164-8

Viaene, T. [et al. 2009], Vekemans, D., Irish, V. F., Geeraerts, A., Huysmans, S., Janssens, S., Smets, E., & Geuten, K. 2009. Pistillata - duplications as a mode for floral diversification in (basal) asterids. Molec. Biol. Evol. 26: 2627-2645.

Viaene, T. [et al. 2010], Vekemans D., Becker, A., Melzer, S., & Geuten, K. 2010. Expression divergence of the AGL6 MADS domain transcription factor lineage after a core eudicot duplication suggests functional diversification. BMC Plant Biol. 10:148

Viaene, T. [et al. 2014], Landberg, K., Thelander, M., Medvecka, E., Pederson, E., Feraru, E., Cooper, E. D., Karimi, M., Delwiche, C. F., Ljung, K., Geisler, M., Sundberg, M., & Friml, J. 2014. Directional auxin transport mechanisms in early diverging land plants. Current Biol. 24: 2786-2791.

Vialette-Guiraud, A. C. M. [et al. 2011], Alaux, M., Legeai, F., Finet, C., Chambrier, P., Brown, S. C., Chauvet, A., Magdalena, C., Rudall, P. J., & Scutt, C. P. 2011. Cabomba as a model for studies of early angiosperm evolution. Ann. Bot. 108: 589-598.

Viana, D. S. [et al. 2016a], Gangoso, L., Bouten, W., & Figuerola, J. 2016a. Overseas seed dispersal by migratory birds. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 283:20152406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2406

Viana, D. S. [et al. 2016b], Santamaría, L., & Figuerola, J. 2016b. Migratory birds as global dispersal vectors. Trends Ecol. Evol. 30: 763-775.

Vicari, M. [et al. 2018], Puentes, A., Granath, G., Georgeff, J., Strathdee, F., & Bazely, D. R. 2018. Unpacking multitrophic herbivore-grass-endophyte interactions: Feedbacks across different scales in vegetation responses to Soay sheep herbivory. Sci. Nature 105:66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s0014-018-1590-9

Vicent, M. [et al. 2017], Gabriel y Galán, J. M., & Sessa, E. B. 2017. Phylogenetics and historical biogeography of Lomaridium (Blechnaceae: Polypodiopsida). Taxon 66: 1304-1316.

Vicentini, A. 2016. The evolutionary history of Pagamea (Rubiaceae), a white sand specialist lineage in tropical South America. Biotropica 48: 58-69.

Vicentini, A. [et al. 2008], Barber, J. C., Aliscioni, S. S., Giussani, L. M., & Kellogg, E. A. 2008. The age of the grasses and clusters of origins of C4 photosynthesis. Global Change Biol. 14: 1-15.

Vicré, M. [et al. 2004a], Lerouxel, O., Farrant, J., Lerouge, P., & Driouich, A. 2004a. Composition and dessication-induced alterations of the cell wall in the resurrection plant Craterostigma wilmsii. Physiol. Plant. 120: 229-239.

Vicré, M. [et al. 2004b], Farrant, J., & Driouich, A. 2004b. Insights into the mechanisms of dessiccation tolerance among angiosperm resurrection plant species. Plant Cell Environ. 27: 1329-1340.

Vidal, L. 1903. Contribution à l'anatomie des Valérianacées. Ann. Univ. Grenoble 15: 561-605.

Vidal-Russell, R., & Nickrent, D. L. 2005. A molecular phylogeny of the mistletoe family Loranthaceae. Pp. 131-132, in Botany 2005. Learning from Plants. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Vidal-Russell, R., & Nickrent, D. L. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the feathery mistletoe Misodendrum. Syst. Bot. 32: 560-568.

Vidal-Russell, R., & Nickrent, D. L. 2008a. The first mistletoes: Origin of aerial parasitism in Santalales. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 47: 523-537.

Vidal-Russell, R., & Nickrent, D. L. 2008b. Evolutionary relationships in the showy mistletoe family (Loranthaceae). American J. Bot. 95: 1015-1029.

Viehofen, A. [et al. 2008], Hartkopf-Fröder, C., & Friis, E. M. 2008. Inflorescences and flowers of Mauldinia angustiloba sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from Middle Cretaceous karst infillings in the Rhenish massif, Germany. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 871-889.

Vieira , I. J. C., & Braz-Felho, R. 2006. Quassinoids: Structural diversity, biological activity and synthetic studies. Studies Natural Products Chem. part M, 33: 433-492.

Vieira, M. F., & Shepherd, G. J. 2002. Oxypetalum banksii subsp. banksii: A taxon of Asclepiadaceae with an extragynoecial compitum. Plant Syst. Evol. 233: 199-206.

Vieira, T. L. [et al. 2024], Salazar, G. A., & van den Berg, C. 2024. Phylogeny of Prosthechea (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae) based on nrITS and plastid DNA sequences: Reassessing the lumper-splitter debate and shedding light on the evolution of this Neotropical genus. Taxon 73: 142-160. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13124

Vieu, J. C. [et al. 2021], Hughes, C. E., Kissling, J., & Grant, J. R. 2022 [= 2021]. Evolutionary diversification in the hyper-diverse montane forests of the tropical Andes: Radiation of Macrocarpaea (Gentianaceae) and the possible role of range expansion. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 198: 53-75.

Vigeland, M. D. [et al. 2013], Spannagl, M., Asp, T., Paina, C., Rudi, H., Rognli, O.-A., Fjellheim, S., & Sandve, S. R. 2013. Evidence for adaptive evolution of low-temperature stress response genes in a Pooideae grass ancestor. New Phytol. 199: 1060-1068.

Viglietti, P. A. [et al. 2021], Benson, R. B. J., Smith, R. M. H., Botha, J., Kammerer, C. F., Skosan, Z., Butler, E., Crean, A., Eloff, B., Kaal, S., Mohoi, J., Molehe, W., Mtalana, M., Mtungata, S., Ntheri, N., Ntsala, T., Nyaphuli, J., October, P., Skinner, G., Strong, M., Stummer, H., Wolvaardt, F. P., & Angielczyk, K. D. 2021. Evidence from South Africa for a protracted end-Permian extinction on land. Proc. National Acad. Sciu. 118:e2017045118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017045118

Vignolini, S. [et al. 2012a], Davey, M. P., Bateman, R. M., Rudall, P. J., Moyroud, E., Tratt, J., Malmgren, S., Steiner, U., & Glover, B. J. 2012a. The mirror crack'd: Both pigment and structure contribute to the glossy blue appearance of the mirror orchid, Ophrys speculum. New Phytol. 196: 1038-1047.

Vignolini, S. [et al. 2012b], Rudall, P. J., Rowland, A. V., Reed, A., Moyroud, E., Faden, R. B., Baumberg, J. J., Glover, B. J., & Steiner, U. 2012b. Pointillist structural color in Pollia fruit. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109: 15712-15715.

Vignon-Fétré, J. 1968. Relations embryogéniques entre Crassulaceae et Saxifragaceae. Comptes Rendus du 93e Congrès National des Sociétés Savantes, Tours, 1968, Sect. Sci. III, Biol. Vég., 521-546.

Vij, S. P., & Sharma, M. 1986. Embryo sac development in Orchidaceae. Pp. 31-48, in Vij, S. P. (ed.), Biology, Conservation and Culture of Orchids. Affiliated East–West Press, New Delhi.

Vijayan, K. [et al. 2009], Zhang, W.-J., & Tsou, C.-H. 2009. Molecular taxonomy of Camellia (Theaceae) inferred from nrITS sequences. American J. Bot. 96: 1348-1360.

Vijayavalli, B., & Mathew, P. M. 1990. Cytotaxonomy of the Liliaceae and Related Families. Continental Publications, Trivandrum, Kerala.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R. 1964. Morphology and embryology of a vesselless dicotyledon - Sarcandra irvingbaileyi Swamy, and systematic position of the Chloranthaceae. Phytomorph. 14: 429-441.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R. 1965. Morphology and embryology of Actinidia polygama Franch. & Sav., and systematic position of the family Actinidiaceae. Phytomorph. 15: 224-235.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R. 1970. Cyrillaceae. Indian National Sci. Acad. Bull. [Symposium: Comparative Embryology of Angiosperms] 41: 163-167.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R., & Dhar, U. 1976. Scytopetalum tieghemii - embryologically unexplored taxon and affinities of the family Scytopetalaceae. Phytomorph. 26: 16-22.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R., & Kapoor, T. 1985. Embryogenesis in Najas marina L.: Structural and histochemical approach. Aquat. Bot. 22: 45-60.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R., & Kaur, D. 1966 [= 1967]. Morphology and embryology of Turnera ulmifolia L. and affinities of the family Turneraceae. Phytomorph. 16: 539-553.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R., & Padmanaban, U. 1968. Morphology and embryology of Centaurium ramosissimum Druce and affinities of the family Gentianaceae. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 46: 15-37.

Vijayaraghavan, M. R., & Sarveshwari, G. S. 1968. Embryology and systematic position of Morina longifolia. Bot. Notis. 121: 383-402.

Vijn, I., & Smeekens, S. 1999. Fructan: More than a reserve carbohydrate? Plant Physiol. 120: 351-360.

Vikhireva, V. V. 1952. Morphological and anatomical investigation of fruits of Rhamnaceae. Pp. 241-291, in Alexandrova, V. G. (ed.), Proceedings of the VL Komarov Botanical Institution of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Series VII, Plant Morphology and Anatomy, 3. Academia Nauk, Moscow. [Bot. Inst. Trudy, Ser 7.] [In Russian.]

Vilarinho, M. P. [et al. 2022], da Silva, A. K., Lima, C. S., Ferreira, N. S. C., Santos, J. V. da C., & Araújo, J. S. 2023 [= 2022]. New contributions of comparative leaf anatomy to the phylogeny of stigmatophylloids (Malpighiaceae Juss.). Flora 298:152194. https;//doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2022.152194

Vilatersana, T. [et al. 2001], Martín-Villodre, J., Susanna, A., Garcia-Jacas, N., & Garnatje, T. 2001. Pollen studies in subtribe Centaureinae (Asyteraceae): The Carthamnus complex and the genus Aegialophila analyzed with electron microscopy. Plant Biol. 3: 607-615.

Viljoen, A. M. [et al. 1998], van Wyk, B. E., & van Heerden, F. R. 19988. Distribution and chemotaxonomic significance of flavonoids in Aloe (Asphodelaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 211: 31-42.

Viljoen, J.-A. [et al. 2013], Muasya, A. M., Barrett, R. L., Bruhl, J. J., Gibbs, A. K., Slingsby, J. A., Wilson, K. L., & Verboom, G. A. 2013. Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere. American J. Bot. 100: 2494-2508.

Villa, S. [et al. 2022], Montagna, M., & Pierce, S. 2022. Endemism in recently diverged angiosperms is associated with polyploidy. Plant Ecol. 223: 479-492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-022-01223-y

Villar, J. L. [et al 2018], Alonso, M. Á., Juan, A., Gaskin, J. F., & Crespo, M. B. 2019 [= 2018]. Out of the Middle East: New phylogenetic insights in the genus Tamarix (Tamaricaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 55: 488-507. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12478

Villard, C., [et al. 2019], Larbat, R., Munakata, R., & Hehn, A. 2019. Defence mechanisms of Ficus: Pyramiding strategies to cope with pests and pathogens. Planta 249: 617-633.

Villarreal, J. C., & Renner, S. S. 2012. Hornwort pyrenoids, a carbon-concentrating mechanism, evolved and were lost at least five times during the last 100 million years. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109: 18873-18878.

Villarreal, J. C., & Renner, S. S. 2014. A review of molecular-clock calibrations and substitution rates in liverworts, mosses, and hornworts, and a timeframe for a taxonomically cleaned-up genus Nothoceros. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 78: 25-35.

Villareal A., J. C., & Renzaglia, K. S. 2015. The hornworts: Important advancements in early land plant evolution. J. Bryol. 37: 157-170.

Villarreal, J. C. [et al. 2010], Cargill, D. C., Hagborg, A., Söderström, L., & Renzaglia, K. C. 2010. A synthesis of hornwort diversity: Patterns, causes and future work. Phytotaxa 9: 150-166.

Villarreal J. C. [et al. 2013], Forrest, L. L., Wickett, N., & Goffinet, B. 2013. The plastid genome of the hornwort Nothoceros aenigmaticus (Dendrocerotaceae): Phylogenetic signal in inverted repeat expansion, pseudogenization, and intron gain. American J. Bot. 100: 467-477.

Villarreal, J. C. [et al. 2015a], Cusimano, N., & Renner, S. S. 2015a. Biogeography and diversification rates in hornworts: The limitations of diversification modeling. Taxon 64: 229-238.

Villarreal A., J. C. [et al. 2015b], Crandall-Stotler, B. J., Hart, M. L., Long, D. G., & Forrest, L. L. 2016 [= 2015b]. Divergence times and the evolution of morphological complexity in an early land plant lineage (Marchantiopsida) with a slow molecular rate. New Phytol. 209: 1734-1746. doi:10.1111/nph.13716

Villarreal-Quintanilla, J. Á. [et al. 2013], Villaseñor-Ríos, J. L., & Estrada-Castillón, A. E. 2013. Sistemática del género Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) en México. Acta Bot. Mexicana 102: 99-128.

Villarreal-Quintanilla, J. Á. [et al. 2014], Estrada-Castillón, A. E., Villaseñor-Ríos, J. L., & de la Rosa-Ibarra, M. 2014. Morfologiá de las especies de Abelia sección Vesalea (Caprifoliaceae). Acta Bot. Mexicana 107: 67-97.

Villareal-Ruiz, L. [et al. 2004], Anderson, I. C., & Alexander, I. J. 2004. Interaction between an isolate from the Hymenoscyphus ericae aggregate and roots of Pinus and Vaccinium. New Phytol. 164: 183-192.

Villarroel, A. E. [et al. 2021], Menegoz, K., & Lavandero, N. 2021. Rayenia malalcurensis (Escalloniaceae), a new genus and species endemic to central Chile. Phytotaxa 484: 96-112.

Villatoro, B. S. [et al. 1974], Gonzales, F. G., Polonsky, J., & Baskevitch-Varon, Z. 1974. Chrysophanic acid, chrysophanein and chaparrin from Alvaradoa amorphoides. Phytochem. 13: 2018-2019.

Villaverde, T. [et al. 2017], Escudero, M., Martín-Bravo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Vargas, P., & Luceño, M. 2017. Bipolar distributions in vascular plants: A review. American J. Bot. 104: 1680-1694.

Villaverde, T. [et al. 2020a], Jiménez-Mejías, P., Luceño, M., Waterway, M. J., Kim, S., Lee, B., Rincón-Barrado, M., Hahn, M., Maguilla, E., Roalson E. H., & Hipp, A. L.; The Global Carex Group. 2020a. A new classification of Carex (Cyperaceae) subgenera supported by a HybSeq backbone phylogenetic tree. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 194: 141-163.

Villaverde, T. [et al. 2020b], Maguilla, E., Luceño, M., & Hipp, A. L. 2021 [= 2020b]. Assessing the sensitivity of divergence time estimates to locus sampling, calibration points, and model priors in a RAD-seq phylogeny of Carex section Schoenoxiphium. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 687-697. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12724

Villers, J. F. 1973. Pentadiplandraceae. Pp. 163-167, in Aubréville, A., & Leroy, J.-F. (eds), Flore du Gabon, vol. 20. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

Vincent, J. B. [et al. 2015], Weiblen, G. D., & May, G. 2015. Host associatons and beta diversity of fungal endophyte communities in New Guinea rainforest trees. Molec. Ecol. 25: 825-841. doi: 10.1111.mec.13510

Vincent, J. R., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1983. Architecture and phyllotaxis of Anisophyllea disticha (Rhizophoraceae). Gardens' Bull. Singapore 36: 3-18.

Vincent, O. [et al. 2011], Weisskopf, C., Poppinga, S., Masselter, T., Speck, T., Joyeux, M., Quilliet, C., & Marmottant, P. 2011. Ultra-fast underwater suction traps. Proc. Biol. Sci. B, 278: 2909-2914.

Vincken, J.-P. [et al. 2007], Heng, L., de Groot, A., & Gruppen, H. 2007. Saponins, classification and occurrence in the plant kingdom. Phytochem. 68: 275-297.

Vinckier, S., & Smets, E. 2002a. Morphology, ultrastructure and typology of orbicules in Loganiaceae s.l. and related genera, in relation to systematics. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 119: 161-189.

Vinckier, S., & Smets, E. 2002b. Morphological and ultrastructural diversity of orbicules in relation to evolutionary tendencies in Apocynaceae s.l. Ann. Bot. 90: 647-662.

Vinckier, S., & Smets, E. 2002c. Systematic importance of orbicule diversity in Gentianales. Grana 41: 158-182.

Vinckier, S. [et al. 2000], Huysmans, S., & Smets. E. 2000. Morphology and ultrastructure or orbicules in the subfamily Ixoroideae (Rubiaceae). Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 108: 151-174.

Vinckier, S. [et al. 2005], Cadot, P., & Smets. E. 2005. The manifold characters of orbicules: Structural diversity, systematic significance, and vectors for allergens. Grana 44: 300-307.

Vinícius-Silva, R. [et al. 2020], Clark, L. G., Fregonezi, J. N., & Santos-Gonçalves, A. P. 2021 [= 2020]. Morphological evolution and moelecular phylogenetics of the Merostachys clade (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) basd on multi-locus plastid sequences. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 195: 53-76.

Vink, W. 1957. Hamamelidaceae. Pp. 363-379, in van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (ed.), Flora malesiana. Ser. 1, vol. 5. P. Noordhoff, Groningen.

Vink, W. 1985. The Winteraceae of the Old World V. Exospermum links Bubbia to Zygogynum. Blumea 31: 39-55.

Vink, W. 1988. Taxonomy in Winteraceae. Taxon 37: 691-698.

Vink, W. 1993. Winteraceae. Pp. 630-638, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Vinnersten, A., & Bremer, K. 2001. Age and biogeography of major clades in Liliales. American J. Bot. 88: 1695-1703.

Vinnersten, A., & Larsson, S. 2010. Colchicine is still a chemical marker for the expanded Colchicaceae. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 38: 1193-1198.

Vinnersten, A., & Manning, J. 2006. A new classification of Colchicaceae. Taxon 56: 171-178.

Vinnersten, A., & Reeves, G. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships within Colchicaceae. American J. Bot. 90: 1455-1462.

Vinogradova, G. Y. 2017. Morphogenesis of the female reproductive structures in Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) species different by the embryo sac development type. Bot. Zhur. 102: 1060-1093. [In Russian.]

Vinogradova, G. Y. 2018. Endosperm development in Allium schoenoprasum and A. ramosum (Alliaceae). Bot. Zhur. 103: 1451-1471. [In Russian.]

Vinogradova, G. Y. 2022. Female archesporium of angiosperms: Structure, evolution, and biological significacnce. Bot. Zhur. 107: 1125-1146. [In Russian.]

Vinogradova, G. Y., & Zhinkina, N. A. 2021 [= 2020]. Why does only one embryo sac develop in the Paeonia ovule with multiple archesporium? Plant Biol. 23: 267-274.

Vinogradova, G. [et al. 2022], Torshilova, A., & Machs, E. 2022. Flower morphology and phylogenetic analysis of some Dioscorea species of the section Stenophora (Dioscoreaceae). Plant. Syst. Evol. 308:42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-022-01834-y

Vinogradova, G. Y. [et al. 2023], Sinelnikova, N. V., Taskin, K. M., & Brukhin, V. B. 2023. Development of female reproductive structures in Boechera (Brassicaceae) species under sexual and apomictic modes. Bot. Zhurn. 108: 1100-1118. [In Russian.]

Vinogradova, T. N., & Andronova, E. V. 2002. Development of orchid seeds and seedlings. Pp. , in Kull, T., & Arditti, J. (eds), Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives. Vol. VIII. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht.

Virjamo, V., & Julkunen-Tiitto, R. 2017. Pinaceae alkaloids. Pp. 119-130, in Arimura, G.-i., & Maffei, M. (eds), Plant Specialized Metabolism. Genomics, Biochemistry, and Biological Functions. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Viruel, J. [et al. 2008], Segarra-Moragues, J. G., Pérez-Collazos, E., Villar, L., & Catalán, P. 2008. The diploid nature of the Chilean Epipetrum and a new base number in Dioscoreaceae. New Zealand J. Bot. 46:327-339.

Viruel, J. [et al. 2010], Segarra-Moragues, J. G., Pérez-Collazos, E., Villar, L., & Catalán, P. 2010. Systematic revision of the Epipetrum group of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae) endemic to Chile. Syst. Bot. 35: 40-63.

Viruel, J. [et al. 2015], Segarra-Moragues, J. G., Raz, L., Forest, F., Wilkin, P., Sanmartín, I., & Catalán, P. 2016 [= 2015]. Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene origin of yams (Dioscorea, Dioscoreaceae) in the Laurasian palaearctic and their subsequent Oligocene-Miocene diversification. J. Biogeog. 43: 750-762. doi: 10.1111/jbi.12678

Viruel, J. [et al. 2018], Forest, F., Paun, O., Chase, M. W., Devey, D., Couo, R. S., Segarra-Moragues, J. G., Catalán, P., & Wilkin, P. 2018. A nuclear Xdh phylogenetic analysis of yams (Dioscorea, Dioscoreaceae) congruent with plastid trees reveals a new Neotropical lineage. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 187: 232-246.

Virzo do Santo, A., & Bartoli, G. 1996. Crassulacean acid metabolism in leaves and stems of Cissus quadrangularis. Pp. 216-229 in Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. (eds), Crassulacean Acid Metabolism: Biochemistry, Ecophysiology and Evolution. Springer, Berlin. [Ecological Studies 114.]

Virzo de Santo, A. [et al. 1976], Alfani, A., & de Luca, P. 1976. Water vapour uptake from the atmosphre by some Tillandsia species. Ann. Bot. 40: 391-394.

Vision, T. J. [et al. 2000], Brown, D. G., & Tanksley, S. D. 2000. The origins of genomic duplications in Arabidopsis. Science 290: 2114-2117.

Vislobokov, N. A. 2017. flowering biology of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae): New data on pollination by dipteran insects. Plant Species Biol. 32: 412-422.

Vislobokov, N. A. [et al. 2012], Sokoloff, D. D., & Koryakin, A. S. 2012. Flower development of Empetrum hermaphroditicum (Ericaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 97: 475-486. [In Russian.]

Vislobokov, N. A. [et al. 2013], Kuznetsov, A. N., & Sokoloff, D. D. 2013. A new species of Aspidistra (Ruscaceae s.l., Asparagales) from southern Vietnam, field observations on its flowering and possible pollination by flies (Phoridae). Plant Syst. Evol. 299: 347-355.

Vislobokov, N. A. [et al. 2014a], Sokoloff, D. D., Degtjareva, G. V., Valiejo-Roman, C. M., Kuznetsov, A. N., & Nuraliev, M. S. 2014a. Aspidistra paucitepala (Asparagaceae), a new species with occurrence of the lowest tepal number in flowers of Asparagales. Phytotaxa 161(4): 270-282.

Vislobokov, N. A. [et al. 2014b], Galiskaya, T. V., Degtjareva, G. V., Valiejo-Roman, C. M., Samigullin, T. H., Kuznetsov, A. N., & Sokoloff, D. D. 2014b. Pollination of Vietnamese Aspidistra xuansonensis (Asparagaceae) by female Cecidomyiidi flies: Larvae of pollinator feed on fertile pollen in anthers of anthetic bisexual flowers. American J. Bot. 101: 1519-1531.

Vislobokov, N. A. [et al. 2017), Nuraliev, M. S., & Galinskaya, T. V. 2017. Pollination ecology of Lowiaceae (Zingiberales): Nocturnal carrion-beetle pollination of Orchidantha virosa. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 178: 302-312.

Visscher, H. [et al. 2004],, Looy, C. V., Collinson, M. E., Brinkhuis, M., van Konijnsburg-van Cittert, J. H. A., Kürschner, W. M., & Sephton, M. A. 2004. Environmental mutagenesis during the end-Permian ecological crisis. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101: 12952-12956.

Visser, J. 1981. South African Parasitic Flowering Plants. Juta, Cape Town.

Visser, M. D. [et al. 2011], Jongejans, E., van Bregel, M., Zuidema, P. A., Chen, Y.-Y., Kassim, A. R., & de Kroon, H. 2011. Strict mast fruiting for a tropical tree: A demographic cost-benefit analysis of delayed reproduction and seed predation. J. Ecol. 99: 1033-1044.

Visser, S. 1995. Ectomycorrhizal fungal succession in jack pine stands following wildfire. New Phytol. 129: 389-401.

Visser, V., & Molofsky, J. 2015 [= 2014]. Ecological niche differentiation of polyploidization is not supported by environmental differences among species in a cosmopolitan grass genus. American J. Bot. 102: 36-49.

Visser, V. [et al. 2011], Woodward, F. I., Freckleton, R. P., & Osborne, C. P. 2012 [= 2011]. Environmental factors determining the phylogenetic structure of C4 grass communities. J. Biogeog. 39: 232-246.

Visser, V. [et al. 2013], Clayton, W. D., Simpson, D. A., Freckleton, R. P., & Osborne, C. P. 2014 [= 2013]. Mechanisms driving an unusual latitudinal diversity gradient for grasses. Global Ecol. Biogeog. 23: 61-75.

Vita, R. S. B. [et al. 2019], Menezes, N. L., Pellegrini, M. O. O., & Melo-de-Pinna, G. F. A. 2019. A new interpretation on vascular architecture of the cauline system in Commelinaceae (Commelinales). PLoS ONE 14(6):e0218383. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218383

Vitales, D. [et al. 2019], Fernández, P., Garnatje, T., & Garcia, S. 2019. Progress in the study of genome size evolution in Asteraceae: Analysis of the last update. Database 2019.baz098, https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baz098.

Vitarelli, N. C. [et al. 2015], Riina, R., Caruzo, M. B. R., Cordeiro, I., Fuertes-Aguilar, J., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2015. Foliar secretory structures in Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae): Diversity, anatomy, and evolutionary significance. American J. Bot. 102: 833-847. doi:10.3732/ajb.1500017

Vitarelli, N. C. [et al. 2016], Riina, R., Cassino, M. F., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2016. Trichome-like emergences in Croton of Brazilian highland rock outcrops: Evidences for atmospheric water uptake. Presp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 22: 23-35.

Vitt, D. H., & Slack, N. G. 1984. Niche diversification of Sphagnum relative to environmental factors in northern Minnesota peatlands. Canadian J. Bot. 62: 1409–1430.

Vittecoq, M. [et al. 2011], Djieto-Lordon, C., Buatois, B., Dormont, L., McKey, D., & Blatrix, R. 2011. The evolution of communication in two ant-plant mutualisms. Evol. Biol. 38: 360-369.

Vittoz, P., & Engler, R. 2007. Seed dispersal distances: A typology based on dispersal modes and plant traits. Bot. Helvetica 117: 109-124.

Vlasáková, B. [et al. 2008], Blanka Kalinová, B., Gustafsson, M. H. R., & Teichert, H. 2008. Cockroaches as pollinators of Clusia aff. sellowiana (Clusiaceae) on inselbergs in French Guiana. Ann. Bot. 102: 295-304. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcn092

Vlasáková, B. [et al. 2019], Juna, F., & Varadínová, Z. K. 2019. Pollinator efficiency of cockroaches and other floral visitors of Clusia battophila. Plant Biol. 21: 753-761.

Vlasveld, C. [et al. 2018], O'Leary, B., Udovicic, F., & Burd, M. 2018. Leaf heterblasty in eucalypts: Biogeographic evidence of ecological function. Australian J. Bot. 66: 191-201.

Voelckel, C. [et al. 2010], Borevitz, J. O., Kramer, E. M., Hodges, S. A. 2010. Within and between whorls: Comparative transcriptional profiling of Aquilegia and Arabidopsis. PLoS ONE 5(3):e9735. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009735

Vogan, P. J., & Sage, R. F. 2011. Water-use efficiency and nitrogen-use efficiency of C3-C4 intermediate species of Flaveria Juss. (Asteraceae). Plant Cell Environ. 34: 1415–1430.

Vogan, P. J. [et al. 2007], Frohlich, M. W., & Sage, R. F. 2007. The functional significance of C3-C4 intermediate traits in Heliotropium (Boraginaceae): Gas exchange perspectives. Plant Cell. Environ. 30: 1337-1345.

Vogel, A. [et al. 2018], Schwacke, R., Denton, A. K., Usadel, B., Hollmann, J., Fischer, K., Bolger, A., Schmidt, M. H. H., Bolger, M. E., Gundlach, H., Mayer, K. F. X., Weiss-Schneeweiss, H., Temsch, E. M., & Krause, K. 2018. Footprints of parasitism in the genome of the parasitic flowering plant Cuscuta campestris. Nature Communic. 9:2525. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04344-z

Vogel, J. P. [et al. 2010], Garvin, D. F., Mockler, T. C., Schmutz, J., Rokhsar, D., W. Bevan, M. W., Barry, K., Lucas, S., Harmon-Smith, M., Lail, K., Tice, H., Schmutz, J., Jane Grimwood, J., McKenzie, N., & Bevan, M. W. 2010 / The International Brachypodium Initiative. 2010. Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Nature 463: 763-768.

Vogel, S. [Stefan]. 1954, Blütenbiologische Typen als Elemente der Sippengliederung dargestellt anhand der Flora Südafrikas. Bot. Studien 1: III-X, 1-338.

Vogel, S. 1961. Die Besatäubung der Kesselfallen-Blüten von Cecropia. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 36: 159-237.

Vogel, S. 1969. Chiropterophilie in der neotropischen Flora. Neue Mitteilungen III. Flora, Abt. B. 158: 289-323.

Vogel, S. 1974. Ölblumen und ölsammelnde Bienen. Zweite Folge. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 7: 1-276.

Vogel, S. 1977. Nektarien und ihre ökologische Bedeutung. Apidologie 8: 321-335.

Vogel, S. 1978a. Pilzmückenblumen also Pilzmimeten. Erster Teil. Flora 167: 329-366.

Vogel, S. 1978b. Pilzmückenblumen also Pilzmimeten. Fortsetzung und Schluß. Flora 167: 367-398.

Vogel, S. 1981a. Bestäubungskonzepte der Monokotylen und ihr Ausdruck im System. Ber. Deutschen Bot. Gesell. 94: 663-675.

Vogel, S. 1981b. Trichromatische Blütennektarien bei Cucurbitaceen. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 55: 325-353.

Vogel, S. 1984. The Diascia flower and its bee - an oil-based symbiosis in southern Africa. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 33: 509-518.

Vogel, S. 1986. Ölblumen und ölsammelnde Bienen. Zweite Folge. Lysimachia und Macropis. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 54: 1-168.

Vogel, S. 1990a. History of the Malpighiaceae in the light of pollination ecology. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 55: 130-142.

Vogel, S. 1990b. Ölblumen und ölsammelende Biene. Folge 3. Momordica, Thladiantha und die Ctenoplectridae. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 73: 1-186.

Vogel, S. 1997. Remarkable nectaries: Structure, ecology, organophyletic perspectives. I. Substitutive nectaries. Flora 192: 305-333.

Vogel, S. 1998a. Remarkable nectaries: Structure, ecology, organophyletic perspectives. II. Nectarioles. Flora 193: 1-29.

Vogel, S. 1998b. Remarkable nectaries: Structure, ecology, organophyletic perspectives. III. Nectar ducts. Flora 193: 113-131.

Vogel, S. 1998c. Remarkable nectaries: Structure, ecology, organophyletic perspectives. IV. Miscellaneous cases. Flora 193: 225-248.

Vogel, S. 2000. The floral nectaries of Malvaceae sensu lato - a conspectus. Kurtziana 28: 155-171.

Vogel, S. 2001. Flickering bodies: Floral attraction by movement. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 72: 89-154.

Vogel, S. 2016. Vertebrate pollination in Compositae: Floral syndromes and field observations. Stapfia 103: 5-26.

Vogel, S., & Cocucci, A. A. 1988. Pollen threads in Impatiens: Their nature and function. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 63: 271-187.

Vogel, S., & Cocucci, A. A. 1995. Pollination of Basistemon (Scrophulariaceae) by oil-collecting bees in Argentina. Flora 190: 353-363.

Vogel, S., & Martens, J. 2000. A survey of the function of the lethal kettle traps of Arisaema (Araceae) with records of pollinating fungus gnats from Nepal. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 133: 61-100.

Vogel, S., & Müller-Doblies, U. 2011. Desert geophytes under dew and fog: The "curly-whirlies" of Namaqualand (South Africa). Flora 206: 3-31.

Vogel, S. [Steven] 1992. Twist-to-bend ratios and cross-sectional shapes of petioles and stems. J. Experim. Bot. 43: 1527-1532.

Vogel, S. 2004a. Contributions to the functional anatomy and biology of Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae) I. Pathways of air circulation. Plant Syst. Evol. 249: 9-25.

Vogel, S. 2004b. Contributions to the functional anatomy and biology of Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae) II. Unique emergent druses on the floral receptacle. Plant Syst. Evol. 249: 27-35.

Vogel, S., & Hadacek, F. 2004. Contributions to the functional anatomy and biology of Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae) III. An ecological reappraisal of floral organs. Plant Syst. Evol. 249: 173-189.

Vogelmann, T. C. 1993. Plant tissue optics. Annual Review Plant Physiol. Plant Molec. Biol. 44: 231-251.

Vogt, L. [et al. 2010], Bartolomaeus, T., & Giribet, G. 2010. The linguistic problem of morphology: Structure versus homology and the standardization of morphological data. Cladistics 26: 301-325.

Vogt, T. 2010. Phenypropanoid biosynthesis. Molec. Plant 3: 2-10.

Vohník, M. 2020. Ericoid mycorrhizal symbiosis: Theoretical background and methods for its comprehensive investigation. Mycorrhiza 30: 671-695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00989-1

Vohník, M., & Albrechtová, J. 2011. The co-occurrence and morphological continuum between ericoid mycorrhiza and dark septate endophytes in roots of six European Rhododendron species. Folia Geobot. 46: 373-386.

Vohník, M. [et al. 2012], Sadowsky, J. J., Kohout, P., Lhotáková, Z., Nestby, R., & Kolarik, M. 2012. Novel root-fungus symbiosis in Ericaceae: Sheathed ericoid mycorrhiza formed by a hitherto undescribed basidiomycete with affinities to Trechisporales. PLoS ONE 7(6):e39524. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039524

Vohník, M. [et al. 2013], Mrnka, L., Lukesková, T., Bruzone, M. C., Kohout, P., & Fehrer, J. 2013. The cultivable endophytic community of Norway spruce ectomycorrhizas from microhabitats lacking ericaceous hosts is dominated by ericoid mycorrhizal Melinomyces variabilis. Fungal Ecol. 6: 281-292.

Volf, M. [et al. 2015], Hrcek, J., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., & Novotny, V. 2015. To each its own: Differential response of specialist and generalist herbivores to plant defence in willows. J. Animal Ecol. 84: 1123-1132. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12349

Volf, M. [et al. 2018], Segar, S. T., Miller, S. E., Isua, B., Sisol, M., Aubona, G., Šimek, P., Moos, M., Laitila, J., Kim, J., Zima, J. Jr., Rota, J., Weiblen, G. D., Wossa, S., Salminen, J.-P., Basset, Y., & Novotny, V. 2018. Community structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservatism, escalation and divergence of defensive traits in Ficus. Ecol. Letters 21: 83-92.

Volgin, S. A. 1987. Origin and trends of specialization of flower in the Amaranthaceae family. Bot. Zhurn. 72: 1338-1345. [In Russian.]

Volk, T. J. 1989. Rise of angiosperms as a factor in long-term climatic cooling. Geology 17: 107-110.

Volkmar, U., & Knoop, V. 2010. Introducing intron locus cox1i624 for phylogenetic analyses in bryophytes: On the issue of Takakia as sister genus to all other extant mosses. J. Molec. Evol. 70: 506-518.

Volkmar, U. [et al. 2012], Groth-Malonek, M., Heinrichs, J., Muhle, H., Polsakiewicz, M., & Knoop, V. 2012. Exclusive conservation of mitochondrial group II intron nad4i548 among liverworts and its use for phylogenetic studies in this ancient plant clade. Plant Biol. 14: 382-391. doi: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00499.x

Volkov, A. G., & Markin, V. S. 2015 [= 2014]. Active and passive electrical; signaling in plants. Prog. Bot. 76: 143-176.

Volkov, A. G. [et al. 2008], Adesina, T., Markin, V. S., & Jovanov, E. 2008. Kinetics and mechanism of Dionaea muscipula trap closing. Plant Physiol. 146: 694-702.

Volkova, O., & Severova, E. 2015. The unique features and ultrastructure of the Vinca minor L. intine. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 221: 179-183.

Volkova, O. A. [et al. 2013], Severova, E. E., & Polevova, S. V. 2013. Structural basis of harmomegathy: Evidence from Boraginaceae pollen. Plant Syst. Evol. 299: 1769-1779.

Volkova, O. A. [et al. 2016], Remizowa, M. V., Sokoloff, D. D., & Severova, E. E. 2016. A developmental study of pollen dyads and notes on floral development in Scheuchzeria (Alismatales: Scheuchzeriaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 182: 791-810. doi: 10.1111/boj.12482

Volkova, O. A. [et al. 2017], Severova, E. E., & Polevova, S. V. 2017. Development of heterocolpate pollen in Myosotis scorpioides L. (Cynoglosseae, Boraginaceae). Grana 56: 368-376.

Vollering, J. [et al. 2015], Schuiteman, A., de Vogel, E., van Vugt, R., & Raes, N 2016 [= 2015]. Phytogeography of New Guinean orchids: Patterns of species richness and turnover. J. Biogeog. 43: 204-214.

Vollmann, J., & Rajcan, I. (eds). 2009. Oil Crops. Springer, Dordrecht. [Handbook of Plant Breeding. Vol. 4.]

Volokita, M. [et al. 2011], Rosilio-Brami, T., Rivkin, A., & Zik, M. 2011. Combining comparative sequence and genomic data to ascertain phylogenetic relationships and explore the evolution of the large GDSL-Lipase family in land plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 28: 551-565.

Volz, S. M., & Renner, S. S. 2008. Hybridization, polyploidy, and evolutionary transitions between monoecy and dioecy in Bryonia (Cucurbitaceae). American J. Bot. 95: 1297-1306.

Von Aderkas, P. [et al. 2014], Prior, N., Gagnon, S., Little, S., Cross, T., Hardie, D., Borchers, C., Thornburg, R., Hou, C., & Lunnny, A. 2015 [=2014]. Degradome and secretome of pollination drops of Ephedra. Bot. Review 81: 1-27.

Von Aderkas, P. [et al. 2018], Prior, N. A., & Little, S. A. 2018. The evolution of sexual fluids in gymnosperms from pollination drops to nectar. Front. Plant Sci. 9:1844. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01844

Von Balthazar, M., & Endress, P. K. 2001. Floral structure and phylogeny of Buxaceae. P. 26, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Von Balthazar, M., & Endress, P. K. 2002a. Development of inflorescences and flowers in Buxaceae and the problem of perianth interpretation. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 163: 847-876.

Von Balthazar, M., & Endress, P. K. 2002b. Reproductive structures and systematics of Buxaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 140: 193-228.

Von Balthazar, M., & Schönenberger, J. 2006. Oliniaceae. Pp. 260-264, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Von Balthazar, M., & Schönenberger, J. 2009. Floral structure and organization in Platanaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 170: 210-225.

Von Balthazar, M., & Schönenberger, J. 2013. Comparative floral structure and systematics in the balsaminoid clade including Balsaminaceae, Marcgraviaceae and Tetrameristaceae (Ericales). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 173: 325-386.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2000], Schönenberger, J. & Qiu, Y.-L. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in Buxaceae based on nuclear internal transcribed spacers and plastid ndhF sequences. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 161: 785-792.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2003], Schatz, G. E., & Endress, P. K. 2003. Female flowers and inflorescences of Didymelaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 237: 199-208.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2004], Alverson, W. S., Schönenberger, J., & Baum, D. A. 2004. Comparative floral development and androecium structure in Malvoideae (Malvaceae s.l.). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 445-473.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2005], Pedersen, K. R., & Friis, E. M. 2005. Teixeiraea lusitanica, a new fossil flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal with affinities to Ranunculales. Plant Syst. Evol. 255: 55-75.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2006], Schönenberger, J., Alverson, W. S., Janka, H., Bayer, C., & Baum, D. A. 2006. Structure and evolution of the androecium in the Malvatheca clade (Malvaceae s.l.) and implications for Malvaceae and Malvales. Plant Syst. Evol. 260: 171-197.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2007], Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R., Stampanoni, M., & Friis, E. M. 2007. Potamacanthus lobatus gen. et sp. nov., a new flower of probable Lauraceae from the Early Cretaceous (Early to Middle Albian) of eastern North America. American J. Bot. 94: 2041-2053.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2008], Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R., & Friis, E. M. 2008. Carpestella lacunata gen. et sp. nov., a new basal angiosperm flower from the early Cretaceous (early to middle Albian) of eastern North America. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 890-898.

Von Balthazar, M. [et al. 2011], Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R., & Friis, E. M. 2011. New flowers of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous (early to Middle Albian) of Eastern North America. Pp. 49-87, in Wanntorp, L., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. (eds), Flowers on the Tree of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 80.]

Von Caemmerer, S. [et al. 2014], Edwards, G. E., Koteyeva, N., & Cousins, A. B. 2014. Single cell C4 photosynthesis in aquatic and terrestrial plants: A gas exchange perspective. Aquat. Bot. 118: 71-80.

Von Dohlen, C. D., & Moran, N. A. 2000. Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 71: 689-717.

Von Ettingshausen, C. F. 1858. Physiotypia plantarum austriacarum. Staatsdruckerei, Vienna.

Von Ettingshausen, C. F. 1861. Die Blatt-Skelete det Dikotyledonen mit besondere Rücksichte auf die Untersuchung und Bestimmung der fossilen Pflanzenreste. Staatsdruckerei, Vienna.

Von Gumppenberg, O. 1929. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Blumenblätter mit besondere Berücksichtigung der Nervatur. Bot. Archiv 7: 448-490.

Von Guttenberg, H., & Jakuseit, C. 1957. Diue Entwicklung des Embryos and der Primärwurzel von Galtonia candicans Decne, nebst Untersuchungen über die Differnzierung des Wurzelvegetationspunktes von Alisma plantago L.. Bot. Studien 7: 91-126, Taf. 1.

Von Guttenberg, H., & Riebe, I. 1957. Die Entwicklung des Embryos und der Keimpflanze der Bromeliaceen. Bot. Studien 7: 142-157.

Von Guttenberg, H., & Semlow, A. 1957. Die Entwicklung des Embryos und der Keimpflanze der Cyperaceen. Bot. Studien 7: 127-141.

Von Guttenberg, H. 1960. Embryologische Studien an Monocotyledonen. III. Die Embryogenese von Triglochin maritimum, Arum maculatum and Typha latifolia. Flora 149: 243-281.

Von Guttenberg, H. 1968. Der primäre Bau der Angiospermenwurzel [Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie, Band VIII. Teil 5.], Ed. 2. Borntraeger, Berlin.

Von Guttenberg, H. [et al. 1954], Heydel, H.-R., & Pankow, H. Embryologische Studien an Monocotyledonen. II. Die Entwicklung des Embryos von Allium giganteum Rgl. Flora 141: 476-500.

Von Guttenberg, H. et al. ["und Mitarbeitern"]. 1957. Embryologische und histogenetische Untersuchungen an Monokotyledonen aus dem Botanisches Institut der Universität Rostock. Bot. Studien 7: 1-161.

Von Hagen, K. B., & Kadereit, J. W. 2001. The phylogeny of Gentianella (Gentianaceae) and its colonization of the southern hemisphere as revealed by nuclear and chloroplast sequence variation. Organisms Divers. Environ. 1: 61-79.

Von Hagen, K. B., & Kadereit, J. W. 2003. The diversification of Halenia (Gentiancaceae): Ecological opportunity versus key innovation. Evolution 57: 2507-2518.

Von Helversen, D., & von Helversen, O. 1999. Acoustic guide in bat-pollinated flower. Nature 398: 759=760.

Von Helverson, ). 1993. Adaptations of flowers to the pollination by glossophagine bats. Pp. 41-59, in Barthlott, W., Naumann, C. M., Schmidt-Loske, K., & Schuchmann, K. L. (eds), Animal-Plant Interactions in Tropical Environments. Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn.

Von Martius, C. F. P. 1823-1850. Historia naturalis palmarum, 3 vols. T. O. Weigel, Leipzig.

Von Martius, C. F. P. 2010. The Book of Palms. Taschen.

Von Mering, S. 2013. Tetroncium and its only species, T. magellanicum (Juncaginaceae): Distribution, ecology and lectotypification. Willdenowia 43: 13-24.

Von Mering, S., & Kadereit, J. W. 2010. Phylogeny, systematics and recircumscription of Juncaginaceae - a cosmopolitan wetland family. Pp. 55-79, in Seberg, O., Petersen, G., Barfod, A. S., & Davis, J. I. (eds), Diversity, Phylogeny, and Evolution in the Monocotyledons. Aarhus University Press, Århus.

Von Mering, S., & Kadereit, J. W. 2015 [= 2014]. Phylogeny, biogeography and evolution of Triglochin L. (Juncaginaceae) - Morphological diversification is linked to habitat shifts rather than to genetic diversification. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 83: 200-212.

Von Mohl, H. 1831. De palmarum structura. Pp. I-LII, pl. 102-104, 107-109, 112, 114, in von Martius, K. F. P., Historia naturalis palmarum. Vol. I. T. O. Weigel, Leipzig.

Von Mueller, F. J. H. 1860. Fragmenta phytographiae australiae, XI. John Ferres, Melbourne.

Von Mueller, F. J. H. 1889-1891. Iconography of Australian Salsolaceous Plants. Robert S. Brain, Melbourne.

Von Poellnitz, K. 1933. Anacampseros L. Versuch einer Monographie. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 65: 382-448.

Von Poellnitz, K. 1934. Monographie der Gattung Talinum Adanson. Feddes Repert 35: 1-34.

Von Poser, G. L. [et al. 1997], Toffoli, M. E., Sobral, M., & Henriques, A. T. 1997. Iridoid glucosides substitution patterns in Verbenaceae and their taxonomic implication. Plant Syst. Evol. 205: 265-287.

Von Poser, G. L. [et al. 2000], Schripsema, J., Henriques, A. T., & Jensen, S. R. 2000. The distribution of iridoids in Bignoniaceae. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 28: 351-366.

Von Salvini-Plawen, L., & Mayr, E. 1997. On the evolution of photoreceptors and eyes. Evol. Biol. 10: 207-263.

Von Teichman, I. 1991. Ontogeny of the seed-coat of Rhus lancea L. fil., and pachychalazy in the Anacardiaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 107: 35-47.

Von Teichman, I. 1994. Generic position of Protorhus namaquensis Sprague (Anacardiaceae): Evidence from seed structure. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 35: 53-60.

Von Teichman, I., & van Wyk, A. E. 1988. The ontogeny and structure of the pericarp and seed coat of Harpephyllum caffrum Bernh. ex Krauss (Anacardiaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 98: 159-176.

Von Teichman, I., & van Wyk, A. E. 1991. Trends in the evolution of dicotyledonous seeds based on character associations, with special reference to pachychalazy and recalcitrance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 105: 211-237.

Von Teichman, I. [et al. 1982], Robbertse, P. J., & van der Merwe, C. F. 1982. Contributions to the floral morphology and embryology of Pavetta gardeniifolia A. Rich. Part 3. Microsporogenesis and pollen structure. South African J. Bot. 1: 28-30.

Von Veh, R. 1931. Untersuchungen und Betrachtungen zum Blattstellungsproblem. Flora 125/N. F. 25: 83-154.

Von Willert, D. J. 1985. Welwitschia mirabilis — new aspects of the biology of an old plant. Adv. Bot. Res. 11: 15-191.

Von Willert, D. J. [et al. 1990], Eller, B. M., Werger, M. J. A., & Brinckmann, E. 1990. Desert succulents and their life strategies. Vegetatio 90: 133-143.

Von Willert, D. J. [et al. 2005], Armbrüster, N., Drees, T., & Zaborowski, M. 2005. Welwitschia mirabilis: CAM or not CAM - what is the answer? Fuct. Plant Biol. 32: 389-395.

Voronkina, N. V. 1974. Anatomical structure of the root apex in Nymphaeales. Bot. Zhurn. 59: 1417-1424. [In Russian.]

Vorontsova M. S., & Hoffmann P. 2008. A phylogenetic classification of tribe Poranthereae (Phyllanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae sensu lato). Kew Bull. 63 : 41-59.

Vorontsova, M. S., & Simon, B. K. 2012. Updating classifications to reflect monophyly: 10-20 percent of species names change in Poaceae. Taxon 61: 735-746.

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2007], Hoffmann, P., Maurin, O., & Chase, M. W. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of tribe Poranthereae (Phyllanthaceae; Euphorbiaceae sensu lato). American J. Bot. 94: 2026-2040.

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2013], Stern, S., Bohs, L., & Knapp, S. 2013. African spiny Solanum (subgenus Leptostemon, Solanaceae): A thorny phylogenetic tangle. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 173: 176-193.

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2015], Clayton, D., & Simon, B. K. 2015. Grassroots e-floras in the Poaceae: Growing GrassBase and GrassWorld. PhytoKeys 48: 73-84.

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2018], Clark, L. G., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R., & Baker, W. R. 2018. World Checklist of Bamboos and Rattans. Beijing.

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2019], Besnard, G., Razanatsoa, J., & Hackel, J. 2020 [= 2019]. The endemic ‘sugar canes’ of Madagascar (Poaceae, Saccharinae: Lasiorhachis) are close relatives of sorghum. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 192: 148-164

Vorontsova, M. S. [et al. 2023], Petersen, K. B., Minx, P., Aubuchon-Elder, T. M., Romay, N. C., Buckler, E. S., & Kellogg, E. A. 2023. Reinstatement and expansion of the genus Anatherum (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae). Syst. Biodiv. 21(1):2274386 https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2023.2274386

Vosa, C. G. 1975. The cytotaxonomy of the genus Tulbaghia. Annali Botanica 34: 47-121.

Vosa, C. G. 2000. A revised cytotaxonomy of the genus Tulbaghia (Alliaceae). Caryologia 53: 83-112.

Vovides, A. P. 1990. Spatial distribution, survival, and fecundity of Dioon edule (Zamiaceae) in a tropical deciduous forest in Veracruz, Mexico with notes on its habitat. American J. Bot. 77: 1532–1543.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2001], Franceschi, V. R., Kiirats, O., Freitag, H., & Edwards, G. E. 2001. Kranz anatomy is not essential for terrestrial C4 plant photosynthesis. Nature 414: 543-546.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2002], Franceschi, V. R., Kiirats, O., Artyusheva, E. G., Freitag, H., & Edwards, G. E. 2002. Proof of C4 photosynthesis without Kranz anatomy in Bienertia cycloptera (Chenopodiaceae). Plant J. 31: 649-662.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2003], Edwards, G. E., Kiirats, O., Artyusheva, E. G., & Franceschi, V. R. 2003. Development of biochemical specialization and organelle partitioning in the single-cell C4 system in leaves of Borszczowia aralocaspica (Chenopodiaceae). American J. Bot. 90: 1669-1680.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2007], Koteyeva, N. K., Chuong, D. X., Ivanova, A. V., Barroca, J., Craven, L. A., & Edwards, G. E. 2007. Physiological, anatomical and biochemical characterisation of photosynthetic types in the genus Cleome (Cleomaceae). Funct. Plant Biol. 34: 247-267.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2010], Koteyeva, N. K., Edwards, G. E., & Ocampo, G. 2010. Revealing diversity in structural and biochemical forms of C4 photosynthesis and a C3-C4 intermediate in genus Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae). J. Experim. Bot. 61: 3647-3662.

Voznesenskaya, E. V. [et al. 2013], Koteyeva, N. K., Akhani, H., Roalson, E. H., & Edwards, G. E. 2013. Structural and physiological analyses in Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae) indicate multiple transitions among C3, intermediate and C4 photosynthesis. J. Experim. Bot. 64: 3583-3604.

Voskopva, E. A. [et al. 1995], Gunin, P. D., Rachkovskaja, E. I. et al. 1995. Ecosystems in Mongolia. Moscow, Nauka. [In Russian, not read.]

Vrålstad, T. 2004. Are ericoid and ectomycorrhizal fungi part of a common guild? New Phytol. 164: 7-10.

Vrålstad, T. [et al. 2001], Fossheim, T., & Schumacher, T. 2001. Piceirhiza bicolorata - the ectomycorrhizal expression of the Hymenoscyphus ericae aggregate?. New Phytol. 1145: 549-563.

Vrålstad, T. [et al. 2002], Myhre, E., & Schumacher, T. 2002. Molecular diversity and phylogenetic affinities of symbiotic root-associated ascomycetes of the Helotiales in burn and metal polluted areas. New Phytol. 155: 131-148.

Vrebalov, J. [et al. 2009], Pan, I. L., Arroyo, A. J., McQuinn, R., Chung, M., Poole, M., Rose, J., Seymour, G., Grandillo, S., Giovannoni, J., & Irish, V. F. 2009. Fleshy fruit expansion and ripening are regulated by the tomato SHATTERPROOF gene TAGL1. Plant Cell 21: 3041-3062.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2004a], Caris, P., Goetghebeur, P., & Smets, E. 2004a. The bristles of Dulichium (Cyperaceae), a floral ontogenetic study. P. 164, in Botany 2004. Alpine Diversity: Adapted to the Peaks. [Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2004b], Goetghebeur, P., Muasya, A. M., Smets, E., & Caris, P. 2004b. the nature of the perianth in Fuirena (Cyperaceae). South African J. Bot. 70: 587-594.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2005a], Goetghebeur, P., Muasya, A. M., Smets, E., & Caris, P. 2005a. Floral ontogeny in Scirpus, Eriophorum and Dulichium (Cyperaceae), with special reference to the perianth. Ann. Bot. 95: 1199-1209.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2005b], Goetghebeur, P., Muasya, A. M., Caris, P., & Smets, E. 2005b. Floral ontogeny in Ficinia and Isolepis (Cyperaceae), with focus on the nature and origin of the gynophore. Ann. Bot. 96: 1247-1264.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2005c], Goetghebeur, P., & Smets, E. 2005c. Homology problems in cyperoid flowers: A floral ontogenetic approach. P. 219, in XVII International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, Europe. [Abstracts.]

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2006], Goetghebeur, P., Smets, E., & Muasya, A. M. 2006. The lateral floral scales in Hellmuthia (Cyperaceae, Cyperoideae) and Paramapania (Cyperaceae, Mapanioideae): A floral ontogenetic study. Ann. Bot. 98: 619-630.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2008], Goetghebeur, P., Smets, E., & Caris, P. 2007 [= 2008]. The Schoenus spikelet: A riphidium? A floral ontogenetic answer. Pp. 204-209, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Poales.. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 23: 204-209.]

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2009], Muasya, A. M., Goetghebeur, P., Caris, P., Nagels, A., & Smets, E. 2009. A floral ontogenetic approach to questions of homology within the Cyperoideae (Cyperceae). Bot. Review 75: 30-51.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2010], Reynders, M., Larridon, I., Muasya, A. M., Smets, E., & Goetghebeur, P. 2010. Spikelet structure and development in Cyperoideae (Cyperaceae): A monopodial general model based on ontogenetic evidence. Ann. Bot. 105: 555-571.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2011], Reynders, M., Muasya, A. M., Larridon, I., Goetghebeur, P., & Smets, E. 2011. Morphology and development of spikelets and flowers in Cyperus and Pycreus (Cyperaceae). Plant Ecol. Evol. 144: 44-63.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2014], Flores-Olvera, H., & Smets, E. 2014. Enigmatic floral structures in Alternanthera, Iresine, and Tidestromia (Gomphrenoideae, Amaranthaceae). A developmental homology assessment. Plant Ecol. Evol. 147: 49-66.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2015], de Block, P., Verstraete, B., Groeninckx, I., Smets, E., &Dessein, S. 2015. A developmental model for the corolla in Rubiaceae. Cryptic character states in corollas of the Spermacoceae alliance. Plant Ecol. Evol. 148: 237-255.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2020], Smets, E., & De Block, P. 2020. Different ways to obtain similar results: The development of the corolla and epipetaly in Rubieae (Rubioideae, Rubiaceae). Plant Ecol. Evol. 153: 466-486. doi: 10.5091/plecevo.2020.1764.

Vrijdaghs, A. [et al. 2022], De Block, P., De Toni, K. L. G., Smets, E., & Robbrecht, E. 2022. Floral ontogeny links Dialypetalanthus (Condamineeae) with the floral developmental morphology of other Rubiaceae. Plant Ecol. Evol. 155: 379-393. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.84606

Waalart, R. A. M. 1980. The distribution of sorbitol in Rosaceae. Phytochem. 19: 2603-2610.

Wachi, N. [et al. 2016], Kusumi, J., Tzeng, H.-Y., & Su, Z.-H. 2016. Genome-wide sequence data suggest the possibility of pollinator sharing by host shift in dioecious figs (Moraceae, Ficus). Molec. Ecol. 25: 5732-5746.

Wäckers, F. L. 2005. Suitability of (extra-)floral nectar, pollen, and honeydew as insect food sources. Pp. 75-108, in Wäckers, F. L., van Rijn, P. C. J., & Bruin, J. (eds), Plant-Provided Food for Carnivorous Insects. A Progressive Mutualism and its Applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Wada, M. 2008. Photoresponses in fern gametophytes. Pp. 3-48, in Ranker, T. A., & Haufler, C. (eds), Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Waddell, K. L., & Barrett, T. M. 2005. Oak Woodlands and other Hardwood Forests of California, 1990s. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Portland, OR.

Wade, D. J. [et al. 2006], Evans, T. M., & Faden, R. B. 2006. Subtribal relationships in tribe Tradescantieae (Commelinaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. Pp. 520-526, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Excluding Poales. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 22: 520-526.]

Wadhi, M. 1970. Acanthaceae. Indian National Sci. Acad. Bull. [Symposium: Comparative Embryology of Angiosperms] 41: 267-272.

Wadke, N. [et al. 2016], Kandasamy, D., Vogel, H., Lah, L., Wingfield, B. D., Paetz, C., Wright, L. W., Gershenzon, J., & Hammerbacher, A. 2016. The bark-beetle-associated fungus, Euconidiophora polonica, utilizes the phenolic defense compounds of its host as a carbon source. Plant Physiol. 171: 914-931.

Wagenitz, G. 1976. Was ist ein Achäne? Zur Geschichte eines karpologischen Begriffs. Candollea 31: 79-85.

Wagenitz, G. 1992. The Asteridae: Evolution of a concept and its present status. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 209-217.

Wagenitz, G. 1997. The impact of molecular methods on the systematics of angiosperms. Bot. Acta 110: 274-281.

Wagenitz, G. 2004. Globulariaceae. Pp. 159-162, in Kadereit, J. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Wagenitz, G., & Laing, D. 1984. Die Nektarien der Dipsacales und ihre systematische Bedeutung. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 104: 483-507.

Wagg, C., & McKenzie-Gopsill, A. 2023 [= 2022]. Mycorrhizal fungi reduce fitness differences, but coexistence is determined by differences in intrinsic plant mycorrhizal responsiveness. J. Plant Ecol. 16:rtac081. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtac081

Wagner, A. [et al. 2012], Donaldson, L., & Ralph, J. 2012. Lignin and lignin manipulation in conifers. Pp. 17-76, in Jouanin, L., & Lapierre, C. (eds), Lignins: Biosynthesis, Biodegradation and Bioengineering. Elsevier, Amsterdam [Bot. Res. vol. 61.]

Wagner, A. [et al. 2015], Tobimatsu, Y., Phillips, L., Flint, H., Geddes, B., Lu, F., & Ralph, J. 2015. Syringyl lignin production in conifers: Proof of concept in a pine tracheary element system. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 6218-6223.

Wagner, D., & Nicklen, E. F. 2010. Ant nest location, soil nutrients and nutrient uptake by ant-associated plants: Does extrafloral nectar attract ant nests and thereby enhance plant nutrition? J. Ecol. 98: 614-624.

Wagner, G. P. (ed.). 2001. The Character Concept in Evolutionary Biology. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

Wagner, G. P. 2007. The developmental genetics of homology. Nature Reviews Genetics 8: 473-479.

Wagner, G. P. 2016 [= 2015]. What is "homology thinking" and what is it for? J. Experim. Zool. (Molec. Dev. Evol.) 326B: 3-8.

Wagner, K. [et al. 2015], Mendieta-Leiva, G., & Zotz, G. 2015. Host specificity in vascular epiphytes: A review of methodology, empirical evidence and potential mechanisms. AoB PLANTS 7:plu092. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plu092

Wagner, K. [et al. 2021], Wanek, W., & Zotz, G. 2021. Functional traits of a rainforest vascular epiphyte community: Trait covariation and indications for host specificity. Diversity 13(2):97. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020097

Wagner, N. D. [et al. 2021], Volf, M., & Hörandl, E. 2021. Highly diverse shrub willows (Salix L.) share highly similar plastomes. Front. Plant Sci. :662175. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.662715

Wagner, N. D. [et al. 2023], Marincek, P., Pittet, L., & Hörandl, E. 2023. Insights intothe taxonomically challenging hexaploid alpine shrub willows of Salix sections Phylicifoliae and Nigricantes (Salicaceae). Plants (Basel) 12:1144.

Wagner, P. 1977. Vessel types of the monocotyledons: A survey. Bot. Notis. 130: 383-402.

Wagner, R. E. [et al. 2007], Mugnaini, S., Sniezko, R., Hardie, D., Poulis, B., Nepi, M., Pacini, E., & von Aderkas, P. 2007. Proteomic evaluation of gymnosperm pollination drop proteins indicates highly conserved and complex biological functions. Sexual Plant Reprod. 20: 181-189.

Wagner, S. T. [et al. 2012], Isnard, S., Rowe, N. P., Samain, M.-S., Neinhuis, C., & Wanke, S. 2012. Escaping the lianoid habit: Evolution of shrub-like growth forms in Aristolochia subgenus Isotrema (Aristolochiaceae). American J. Bot. 99: 1609-1629.

Wagner, S. T. [et al. 2014], Hesse, L., Isnard, S., Samain, M.-S., Bolin, J., Maass, E, Neinhuis, C., Rowe, N. P., & Wanke, S. 2014. Major trends in stem anatomy and growth forms in the perianth-bearing Piperales, with special focus on Aristolochia. Ann. Bot. 113: 1139-1154.

Wagner, W. H. Jr 1979. Reticulate veins in the systematics of modern ferns. Taxon 28: 87-95.

Wagner, W. H. Jr & Wagner, F. S. 1993. Ophioglossaceae C. Agardh. Adder's tongue family. Pp. 85-106, in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds), Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press, New York.

Wagner, W. H. Jr [et al. 1982], Beitel, J. L., & Wagner, F. S. 1982. Complex venation patterns in the leaves of Selaginella: Megaphyll-like leaves in lycophytes. Science 218: 793-794.

Wagner, W. L., & Harris, E. M. 2000. A unique Hawaiian Schiedea (Caryophyllaceae: Alsinoideae) with only five fertile stamens. American J. Bot. 87: 153-160.

Wagner, W. L., & Hoch, P. C. 2005-onwards. Onagraceae, the Evening Primrose Family. http://botany.si.edu/onagraceae/index.cfm

Wagner, W. L. [et al. 1995], Weller, S., & Sakai, A. 1995. Phylogeny and biogeography in Schiedea and Alsinodendron (Caryophyllaceae). Pp. 221-258, in Wagner, W. L., & Funk, V. A. (eds), Evolution on a Hot Spot Archipelago. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.

Wagner, W. L. [et al. 2007], Hoch, P. C., & Raven, P. H. 2007. Revised Classification of the Onagraceae. Systematic Botany Monographs Volume 83. American Society of Plant Taxonomists.

Wagstaff, S. J. 2004a. Tetrachondraceae. Pp. 441-444, in Kadereit, J. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Wagstaff, S. J. 2004b. Evolution and biogeography of the austral genus Phyllocladus (Podocarpaceae). J. Biogeog. 31: 1569-1577.

Wagstaff, S. J., & Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1998. Evolution and biology of the Hebe complex (Scrophulariaceae) inferred from ITS sequences. New Zealand J. Bot. 36: 425-437.

Wagstaff, S. J., & Dawson, M. I. 2000. Classification, origin, and patterns of diversification of Corynocarpus (Corynocarpaceae) inferred from DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 25: 134-149.

Wagstaff, S. J., & Hennion, F. 2007. Evolution and biogeography of Lyallia and Hectorella (Portulacaceae), geographically isolated sisters from the Southern Hemisphere. Antarc. Sci. 2007, 1-10.

Wagstaff, S. J., & Wege, J. A. 2002. Patterns of diversification in New Zealand Stylidiaceae. American J. Bot. 89: 865-874.

Wagstaff, S. J., & Olmstead, R. G. 1997. Phylogeny of Labiatae and Verbenaceae inferred from rbcL sequences. Syst. Bot. 22: 165-179.

Wagstaff, S. J. [et al. 1995], Olmstead, R. G., & Cantino, P. D. 1995. Parsimony analysis of cpDNA restriction site variation in subfamily Nepetoideae (Labiatae). American J. Bot. 82: 886-892.

Wagstaff, S. J. [et al. 1998], Hickerson, L., Spangler, R., Reeves, P. A., & Olmstead, R. G. 1998. Phylogeny of Labiatae s.l., inferred from cpDNA sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 209: 265-274.

Wagstaff, S. J. [et al. 2000], Martinsson, K., & Swenson, U. 2000. Divergence estimates of Tetrachondra hamiltonii and T. patagonica (Tetrachondraceae) and their implications for austral biogeography. New Zealand J. Bot. 38: 587-596.

Wagstaff, S. J. [et al. 2002], Bayly, M. J., Garnock-Jones, P. J., & Albach, D. C. 2002. Classification, origin, and diversification of the New Zealand hebes (Scrophulariaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 89: 38-63.

Wagstaff, S. J. [et al. 2010], Dawson, M. I., Venter, S., Munziger, J., Crayn, D. M., Steane, D. A., & Lemson, K. L. 2010. Origin, diversification and classification of the Australasian genus Dracophyllum (Richeeae, Ericaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 97: 235-258.

Waha, M. 1984. Zur Ultrastruktur und Funktion pollenverbindender Fäden bei Ericaceae und anderen Angiospermenfamilien. Plant Syst. Evol. 147: 189–203.

Wahlberg, N. 2001. The phylogenetics and biochemistry of host-plant specialization in the Melitaeine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Evolution 55: 522-537.

Wahlberg, N. 2006. That awkward age for butterflies: Insights from the age of the butterfly subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Syst. Biol. 55: 703-714.

Wahlberg, N. [et al. 2009], Leneveu, J., Kodandaramaiah, U., Peña, C., Nylin, S., Freitas, A. V. L., & Brower, A. V. Z. 2009. Nymphalid butterflies diversify following near demise at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 4295-4302.

Wahlberg, N. [et al. 2013], Wheat, C. W., & Peña, C. 2013. Timing and patterns in the taxonomic diversification of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). PLoS ONE 8:e80875. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080875

Wahlberg, N. [et al. 2015], Rota, J., Braby, M. F., Pierce, N. E., & Wheat, C. W. 2015. Revised systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on molecular data. Zool. Scripta 43: 641-650.

Wahlert, G. A., & Ballard, H. E. Jr. 2012. A phylogeny of Rinorea (Violaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequences with an emphasis on the African and Malagasy species. Syst. Bot. 37: 964-973.

Wahlert, G. A. [et al. 2009], Parker, V. T., & Vasey, M. C. 2009. The phylogeny of Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3: 673-682.

Wahlert, G. A. [et al. 2014], Marcussen, T., de Paula-Souza, J., Feng, M., & Ballard, H. E. Jr. 2014. A phylogeny of the Violaceae (Malpighiales) inferred from plastid DNA sequences: Implications for generic diversity and intrafamilial classification. Syst. Bot. 39: 239-252.

Wahlert, G. A. [et al. 2017], Hoyos-Goméz, S. E., & Ballard, H. E. Jr. 2018 [= 2017]. Systematic studies in Neotropical Rinorea (Violaceae): Two new sections and a new generic segregate. Brittonia doi: 10.1007/s12228-017-9507-z

Wahrmund, U. [et al. 2010], Quandt, D., & Knoop, V. 2010. The phylogeny of mosses - addressing open issues with a new mitochondrial locus: Group 1 intron cobi420. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 54: 417-426.

Waisel, Y. 1995. Developmental and functional aspects of the periderm. Pp. 293-315, in Iqbal, M. (ed.), The Cambial Derivatives. [Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie, Spez. Teil IX, 4.] Borntraeger, Berlin.

Waisel, Y., & Liphschitz, N. 1975. Sites of phellogen initiation. Bot. Gaz. 136: 146-150.

Wakeling, J. L. [et al. 2015], Bond, W. J., Ghaui, M., & February, E. C. 2015. Grass competition and the savanna-grassland 'treeline': A question of root gaps? South African J. Bot. 101: 91-97.

Wakasugi, T. [et al. 1994], Tsudzuki, J., Ito, S., Nakashima, K., Tsudzuki, T., & Suguira, M. 1994. Loss of all ndh genes as determined by sequencing the entire chloroplast genome of the black pine Pinus thunbergii. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 91: 9794-9798.

Walch, J.-P., & Blaise, S. 2022a. Mathematical modeling the influence of bracteoles on sepal arrangement. Flora 295:152138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora/2022.152138

Walch, J.-P., & Blaise, S. 2022b. Modeling basal angiosperm floral phyllotaxis. Bot. Lett. 169: 305-318.

Walch, J.-P., & Blaise, S. 2023. Phyllotaxis Models: A Tool for Evolutionary Biologists. Wiley-ISTE.

Walch, J.-P., & Blaise, S. 2024. Phyllotaxis and Symmetry in Angiosperms. Wiley-ISTE.

Walden, G. K. [et al. 2014], Garrison, L. M., Spicer, G. S., Cipriano, F. W., & Patterson, R. 2014. Phylogenies and chromosome evolution of Phacelia (Boraginaceae: Hydrophylloideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast sequence data. Madroño 61: 16-47.

Walden, N. [et al. 2020a], Nguyen, T.-P., Mandakova, T., Lysak, M. A., & Schranz, M. E. 2020a. Genomic blocks in Aethionema support Arabideae as next diverging clade in Brassicaceae. Front. Plant Sci. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.0719

Walden, N. [et al. 2020b]. German, D. A., Wolf, E. M., Kiefer, M., Rigault, P., Huang, X.-C., Kiefer, C., Schmickl, R., Franzke, A., Neuffer, B., Mummenhoff, K., & Koch, M. A. 2020b. Nested whole-genome duplications coincide with diversification and high morphological disparity in Brassicaceae. Nature Communic. 11:3795. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17605-7

Walder, F. [et al. 2012], Niemann, H., Natarajan, M., Lehmann, M. F., Boller, T., & Wiemken, A. 2012. Mycorrhizal networks: Common goods of plants shared under unequal terms of trade. Plant Physiol. 159: 789-797.

Walia, K., & Kapil, R. N. 1965. Embryology of Frankenia Linnaeus with some comments on the systematic position of the Frankeniaceae. Bot. Notis. 118: 412-429.

Walker, C. [et al. 2018], Harper, C. J., Brundrett, M. C., & Krings, M. 2018. Looking for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the fossil record: An illustrated guide. Pp. 481-517, in Krings, M., Harper, C. J., Cúneo, N. R., & Rothwell, G. W. (eds), Transformative Paleobotany: Papers to Commemorate the Life and Legacy of Thomas N. Taylor. Academic Press, London.

Walker, D. A. [et al. 2005], Raynolds, M. K., Daniëls, F. J. A., Einarsson, E., Elvebakk, A., Gould, W. A., Katenin, A. E., Kholod, S. S., Markon, C. J., Melnikov, E. S., Moskalenko, N. G., Talbot, S. S., Yurtsev, B. A., & the other members of the CAVM Team. 2005. The circumpolar Arctic vegetation map. J. Veget. Sci. 16: 267-282.

Walker, J. B., & Sytsma, K. J. 2007. Staminal evolution in the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae): Molecular phylogenetic evidence for multiple origins of the staminal level. Ann. Bot. 100: 375-391.

Walker, J. B. [et al. 2004], Sytsma, K. J., Treutlein, J., & Wink, M. 2004. Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not monophyletic: Implications for the systematics, radiation, and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Mentheae. American J. Bot. 91: 1115-1125.

Walker, J. B. [et al. 2006], dos Santos, E. P., Savolainen, V., Paton, A., & Systma, K. J. 2006. A preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis of Salvia subgenus Calospace. Pp. in Systematics of the Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae). Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Walker, J. B. [et al. 2015], Drew, B. T., & Systsma, K. J. 2015. Unravelling species relationships and diversification within the iconic California floristic province sages (Salvia subgenus Audibertia, Lamiaceae). Syst. Bot. 40: 826-844.

Walker, J. F. [et al. 2011], Aldrich-Wolfe, L., Riffel, A., Barbare, H., Simpson, N. B., Trowbridge, J., & Jumpponen, A. 2011. Diverse Helotiales associated with the roots of three species of Arctic Ericaceae provide no evidence for host specificity. New Phytol. 191: 515-527.

Walker, J. F. [et al. 2017], Yang, Y., Moore, M. J., Mikenas, J., Timoneda, A., Brockington, S. F., & Smith, S. A. 2017. Widespread paleopolyploidy, gene tree conflict, and recalcitrant relationships among the carnivorous Caryophyllales. American J. Bot. 104: 858-867.

Walker, J. F. [et al. 2018a], Yang, Y., Feng, T., Timoneda, A., Mikenas, J., Hutchison, V., Edwards, C., Wang, N., Ahluwalia, S., Olivieri, J., Walker-Hale, N., Majure, L., Puente, R., Kadereit, G., Lauterbach, M., Eggli, U., Flores Olvera, H., Ochoterena Booth, H., Brockington, S. F., Moore, M. J., & Smith, S. A. 2018a. From cacti to carnivores: Improved phylotranscriptomic sampling and hierarchical homology inference provides further insight to the evolution of Caryophyllales. American J. Bot. 105: 446-462.

Walker, J. F. [et al. 2018b], Brown, J. W., & Smith, S. A. 2018b. Analyzing contentious relationships and outlier genes in phylogenomics. Syst. Biol. 67: 916-924.

Walker, J. F. [et al. 2019], Stull, G. W., Walker-Hale, N., Vargas, O. M., & Larson, D. A. 2019. Characterizing gene tree conflict in plastome-inferred phylogenies. bioRΧiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/512079 = Walker, J. F. [et al. 2019], Walker-Hale, N., Vargas, O. M., Larson, D. A., & Stull, G. W. 2019. Characterizing gene tree conflict in plastome-inferred phylogenies. PeerJ 7:e7747. http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7747

Walker, J. K. M. [et al. 2013], Cohen, H., Higgins, L. M., & Kennedy, P. G. 2013. Testing the link between community structure and function for ectomycorrhizal fungi involved in a global tripartite symbiosis. New Phytol. 202: 287-296.

Walker, J. W. 1971. Pollen morphology, phytogeography, and phylogeny of the Annonaceae. Contrib. Gray Herb. 202: 1-131.

Walker, J. W., & Doyle, J. A. 1975. The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: Palynology. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62: 664-723.

Walker, J. W., & Walker, A. G. 1984. Ultrastructure of Lower Cretaceous angiosperm pollen and the origin and early evolution of flowering plants. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 464-521.

Walker, R. [et al. 2015], Agapakis, C. M., Watkin, E., & Hirsch, A. M. 2015. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes: Perspectives on the diversity and evolution of nodulation by Rhizobium and Burkholderia species. Pp. 913-923, in de Bruijn, F. J. (ed.), Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Vol. 2. Wiley, New York.

Walker, R. B. 2005. Special aspects of the physiology of conifers. Pp. 319-327, in Andersson, F. (ed.), Ecosystems of the World. 6. Coniferous Forests. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Walker, R. I. 1947. Megasporogenesis and embryo development in Tropaeolum majus L. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 74: 240-249.

Walker-Larsen, J., & Harder, L. D. 2000. The evolution of staminodes in angiosperms: Patterns of stamen reduction, loss, and functional re-invention. American J. Bot. 87: 1367-1384.

Wallace, G. D. 1975. Studies of the Monotropoideae (Ericaceae): Taxonomy and distribution. Wasmann J. Biol. 33: 1-88.

Wallace, G. D. 1986. Wood anatomy of Cassiope (Ericaceae). Aliso 11: 393-415.

Wallace, H. M. [et al. 2002], Maynard, G. V., & Trueman, S. J. 2002. Insect flower visitors, foraging behaviour and their effectiveness as pollinators of Persoonia virgata R. Br. (Proteaceae). Australian J. Entomol. 41: 55-59.

Wallace, R. S., & Cota, H. 1996. An intron loss in the chloroplast gene rpoC1 supports a monophyletic origin for the subfamily Cactoideae of the Cactaceae. Curr. Genet. 29: 275-281.

Wallace, R. S., & Dickie, S. L. 2002. Systematic implications of chloroplast DNA sequence variation in subfam. Opuntioideae (Cactaceae). Succul. Plant Res. 6: 9-24.

Wallace, R. S., & Gibson, A. C. 2002. Evolution and systematics. Pp. 1-21, in Nobel, P. S. (ed.), Cacti: Biology and Uses. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Wallace, S. [et al. 2011], Fleming, A., Wellman, C. H., & Beerling, D. J. 2011. Evolutionary development of the plant spore and pollen wall. AoB Plants http:dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plr027

Wallander, E. 2013. Systematics and floral evolution in Fraxinus (Oleaceae). Belgische Dendrol. Belge 2012, 38-58.

Wallander, E., & Albert, V. A. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of Oleaceae based on rps16 and trnL-F sequence data. American J. Bot. 87: 1827-1841.

Wallick, K. [et al. 2001], Elisens, W., Kores, P., & Molvray, M. 2001. Phylogenetic analysis of trnL-F sequence variation indicates a monophyletic Buddlejaceae and a paraphyletic Buddleia. Pp. 148-149, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Wallick, K. [et al. 2002], Elisens, W., & Kores, P. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis of trnL-F sequence variation indicates a monophyletic Buddlejaceae and a paraphyletic Buddleia. Pp. 156-157 in Botany 2002: Botany in the Curriculum, Abstracts. [Madison, Wisconsin.]

Wallis, G. P., & Jorge, F. 2018. Going under down under? Lineage ages argue for extensive survival of the Oligocene marine transgression on Zealandia. Molec. Ecol. 27: 4368-4396.

Wallis, G. P., & Trewick, S. A. 2009. New Zealand phylogeography: Evolution on a small continent. Molec. Ecol. 18: 3548-3580.

Wallnöfer, B. 2001. The biology and systematics of Ebenaceae: A review. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 103: 485-512.

Wallnöfer, B. 2004a. Ebenaceae, pp. 125-130, & Lissocarpaceae, pp. 236-238, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Berlin.

Wallnöfer, B. 2004b. A revision of Lissocarpa Benth. (Ebenaceae subfam. Lissocarpoideeae (Gilg in Engler) B. Walln.) Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 105: 515-564.

Walls, R. 2011. Angiosperm leaf vein patterns are linked to leaf functions on a global-scale data set. American J. Bot. 98: 244-253.

Walters, J. L. 1962. Megasporogenesis and gametophyte selection in Paeonia californica. American J. Bot. 49: 787-794.

Walters, R. D. 1969. Revision of the Genus Schizanthus. Ph D. Thesis, Indiana State University.

Walters, S. M. 1961. The shaping of angiosperm taxonomy. New Phytol. 60: 74-84.

Walters, T., & Osborne, R. (eds). 2004. Cycad Classification: Concepts & Recommendations. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA.

Walton, N. J., & Brown, D. E. (eds). 1999. Chemicals from Plants: Perspectives on Plant Secondary Products. Imperial College Press, London.

Wan, T. [et al. 2018], Liu, Z.-M., Li, L.-F., Leitch, A. R., Leitch, I. J., Lohaus, R., Liu, Z.-J., Xin, H.-P., Gong, Y.-B., Liu, Y., Wang, W.-C., Chen, L.-Y., Yang, Y., Kelly, L. J., Yang, J., Huang, J.-L., Li, Z., Liu, P., Zhang, L., Liu, H.-M., Wang, H., Deng, S.-H., Liu, M., Li, J., Ma, L., Liu, Y., Lei, Y., Xu, W., Wu, L.-Q., Liu, F., Ma, Q., Yu, X.-R., Jiang, Z., Zhang, G.-Q., Li, S.-H., Li, R.-Q., Zhang, S.-Z., Wang, Q.-F., Van de Peer, Y., Zhang, J.-B., & Wang, X.-M. 2018. A genome for gnetophytes and early evolution of seed plants. Nature Plants 4: 82-89. doi: 10.3410/f.732577417.793542967

Wan T. [et al. 2021], Liu Z., Leitch I. J., Xin H., Maggs-Kölling, G., Gong, Y., Li., Z., Marais, E., Liao, Y., Dai, C., Liu, F., Wu, Q., Song, C., Zhou, Y., Huang, W., Jiang, K., Wang, Q., Yang, Y., Zhong, Z., Yang, M., Yan, X., Hu, G., Hou, C., Su, Y., Feng, S., Yang., J, Yan, J., Chu, J., Chen, F., Ran, J., Wang, X., Van de Peer, Y., Leitch, A. R., & Wang, Q. 2021. The Welwitschia genome reveals a unique biology underpinning extreme longevity in deserts. Nature Communic. 12:4247. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24528-4

Wanat, M., & Munzinger, J. 2012. Biology of the Apionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) in New Caledonia: A preliminary report. Zootaxa 3554: 59-74.

Wang, A. [et al. 2003], Xia, Q., Xie, W., Datla, R., & Salvaraj, G. 2003. The classical Ubisch bodies carry a sporophytically produced structural protein (RAFTIN) that is essential for pollen development. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 100: 14487-14492.

Wang, A. [Ailan] [et al. 2005], Yang, M., & Liu, J. 2005. Molecular phylogeny, recent radiation and evolution of gross morphology of the rhubarb genus Rheum (Polygonaceae) inferred from chloroplast DNA trnL-F sequences. Ann. Bot. 96: 489-498.

Wang, B., & Qiu, Y.-L. 2006. Phylogenetic distribution and evolution of mycorrhizas in land plants. Mycorrhiza 16: 299-363.

Wang, B. [Baosheng], & Wang, X.-R. 2014. Mitochondrial DNA capture and divergence in Pinus provide new insights into the evolution of the genus. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 80: 20-30.

Wang, B. [Bin] [et al. 2010], Yeun, L. H., Xue, J.-Y., Liu, Y., Ané, J.-M., & Qiu, Y.-L. 2010. Presence of three mycorrhizal genes in the common ancestor of land plants suggests a key role of mycorrhizas in the colonization of land by plants. New Phytol. 186: 514-525.

Wang, B. [Bo] [et al. 2013], Zhang, H., & Jarzembowski, E. A. 2013. Early Cretaceous angiosperms and beetle evolution. Front. Plant Sci. 4: 360. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00360

Wang, B. [et al. 2015], Jiang, B., Zhou, Y., So, Y., & Wang, T. 2015. Higher substitution rates and lower dN/dS for the plastid genes in Gnetales than other angiosperms. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 59: 278-287.

Wang, B. [et al. 2022], Tong, Z.-Y., Xiong, Y.-Z., Wang, X.-F., Armbruster, W. S., Huang, S.-Q. 2023 [= 2022]. Degree of style coiling is associated with corolla-tube length in the nectarless flowers of Roscoea schneideriana. Plant Divers. 45: 748-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.004

Wang, B.-Y. [et al. 2008], Su, J.-R., Fernando, D. D., Yang, Z.-H., Zhang, Z.-J., Chen, X. M., & Zhang, Y.-P. 2008. Development of the male reproductive structures in Taxus yunnanensis. Plant Syst. Evol. 276: 51-58.

Wang, C. [et al. 2015], Liu, Y., Li, S.-S., & Han, G.-Z. 2015. Insights into the origin and evolution of the plant hormone signaling machinery. Plant Physiol. 167: 872-886.

Wang, C.-N., & Cronk, Q. C. B. 2003. Meristem fate and bulbil formation in Titanotrichum (Gesneriaceae). American J. Bot. Bot.90: 1696-1707.

Wang, C.-N. [et al. 2004], Möller, M., & Cronk, Q. C. B. 2004. Phylogenetic position of Titanotrichum oldhamii (Gesneriaceae) inferred from four different gene regions. Syst. Bot. 29: 407-418.

Wang, D. [Dafu] [et al. 2008], Portis, A. R. Jr., Moose, S. P., & Long, S. P. 2008. Cool C4 photosynthesis: Pyruvate Pi dikinase expression and activity corresponds to the exceptional cold tolerance of carbon assimilation in Miscanthus x giganteus. Plant Physiol. 148: 557-567.

Wand, D. [et al. 2020], Yu, H., & Chen, G. 2021 [= 2020]. Scent chemistry and pollinators in the holoparasitic plant Cynomorium songaricum (Cynomoriaceae). Plant Biol. 23: 111-120.

Wang, D.-M. [et al. 2015], Xu, H.-H., Xue, J.-Z., Wang, Q., & Liu, L. 2015. Leaf evolution in early-diverging ferns: Insights from a new fern-like plant from the Late Devonian of China. Ann. Bot. 115: 1133-1148.

Wang, E. [et al. 2012], Schornack, S., Marsh, J. F., Gobbato, E., Schwessinger, B., Eastmond, P., Schultze, M., Kamoun, S., & Oldroyd, G. E. D. 2012. A common signaling process that promotes mycorrhizal and oomycete colonization of plants. Current Biol. 22: 2242-2246.

Wang, F.-G. [et al. 2014a], Barratt, S., Falcón, W., Fay, M. F., Lehtonen, S., Tuomisto, H., Xing, F.-W., & Christenhusz, M. J. M. 2014a. On the monophyly of subfamily Tectarioideae (Polypodiaceae) and the phylogenetic placement of some associated fern genera. Phytotaxa 164: 1-16.

Wang, F.-G. [et al. 2014b], Liu, H.-M., He, C.-M., Yang, D.-M., & Xing, F. W. 2015 [= 2014b]. Taxonomic and evolutionary implications of spore ornamentation in Davalliaceae. J. Syst. Evol. 53: 72-81.

Wang, F.-G. [et al. 2022], Wang, A.-H., Bai, C.-K., Jin, D.-N., Nie, L.-Y., Harris, A. J., Che, L., Wang, J.-J., Li, S.-Y., Xu, L., Shen, H., Gu, Y.-F., Shang, H., Duan, L., Zhang, X.-C., Chen, H.-F., & Yan, Y.-H. 2022. Genome size evolution of the extant lycophytes and ferns. Plant Divers. 44: 141–152. doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2021.11.007

Wang, G. [et al. 1995], Miura, R., & Kusunagi, T. 1995. The enantiostyly and the pollination biology of Monochoria korsakowii (Pontederiaceae). Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 56: 55-65.

Wang, G. [Gang] [et al. 2014], Chen, J., Li, Z.-B., Zhang, F.-P., & Yang, D.-R. 2014. Has pollination mode shaped the evolution of Ficus pollen? PLoS ONE 9(1):e86231. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086231

Wang, G. [et al. 2016], Cannon, C. H., & Chen, J. 2016. Pollinator sharing and gene flow among closely related sympatric dioecious fig taxa. Proc. Royal Soc B, 283:20152963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2963

Wang, G. [et al. 2021], Zhang, X., Herre, E. A., McKey, D., Machado, C. A., Yu, W.-B., Cannon, C. H., Arnold, M. L., Pereira, R. A. S., Ming, R., Liu, Y.-F., Wang, Y., Ma, D., & Chen, J. 2021. Genomic evidence of prevalent hybridization throughout the evolutionary history of the fig - wasp pollination mutualism. Nature Communic. 12:718. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-20957-3

Wang, G.-T. [et al. 2021], Shu, J.-P., Jiang, G.-B., Chen, Y.-Q., & Wang, R.-J. 2021. Morphology and molecules support the new monotypic genus Fenghwaia (Rhamnaceae) from south China. PhytoKeys 171: 25-35. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.171.57277

Wang, G.-Y. [et al. 2103], Meng, Y., & Yang, Y.-P. 2013. Karyological analysis of 33 species of the tribe Ophiopogoneae (Liliaceae) from southwest China. J. Plant Res. 126: 597-604.

Wang, G.-Y. [et al. 2104], Meng, Y., Huang, J. L., & Yang, Y.-P. 2014. Molecular phylogeny of Ophiopogon (Asparagaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 39: 776-784.

Wang, H. [Hengchang] [et al. 2006], Meng, A., Li, J., Feng, M., Chen, Z., & Wang, W. 2006. Floral organogenesis of Cocculus orbiculatus and Stephania diesliana (Menispermaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 951-960.

Wang, H. [et al. 2009], Moore, M. J., Soltis, P. S., Bell, C. D., Brockington, S. F., Alexandre, R., Davis, C. C., Latvis, M., Manchester, S. R., & Soltis, D. E. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 106: 3853-3858.

Wang, H. [Hong], & Blackmore, S. 2003. Pollen morphology in Strobilanthes Blume (Acanthaceae) in China and its taxonomic implications. Grana 42: 82-87.

Wang, H. [et al. 2009a], Yu, W. B., Chen, J. Q., & Blackmore, S. 2009a. Pollen morphology in relation to floral types and pollination syndromes in Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 277: 153-162.

Wang, H. [et al. 2009b], Wortley, A. H., & Blackmore, S. 2009b. Pollen morphology of Crepidinae and Lactucinae (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) and its systematic significance. Grana 48: 160-178.

Wang, H. [et al. 2010], He, H.-J., Chen, J.-Q., & Lu, L. 2010. Palynological data on Illiciaceae and Schisandraceae confirm phylogenetic relationships within these two basally-branching angiosperm families. Flora 205: 221-228.

Wang, H. [Hongliang] [et al. 2008], Chen, J., Wen, J., Tadege, M., Li, G., Liu, Y., Mysore, K. S., Ratet, P., & Chen, R. 2008. Control of compound leaf development by FLORICAULA/LEAFY ortholog SINGLE LEAFLET1 in Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiol. 146: 1759-1772.

Wang, H. [Hongshan], & Dilcher, D. L. 2018. A new species of Donlesia (Ceratophyllaceae) from the Early Cretaceous of Kansas, U.S.A.. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 252: 20-28.

Wang, H. [et al. 2011], Dilcher, D. L., Schwarzwalder, R. N., & Kvacek, J. 2011. Vegetative and reproductive morphology of an extinct early Cretaceous member of Platanaceae from the Braun's Ranch locality, Kansas, U.S.A.. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 172: 139-157.

Wang, H. [Hongwei] [et al. 2020], Sun, S., Ge, W., Zhao, L., Hou, B., Wank, K., Lyu, Z., Chen, L., Xu, S., Guo, J., Li, M., Su, P., Li, X., Wang, G., Bo, C., Fang, X., Zhuang, W., Cheng, X., Wu, J., Gao, Y., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Yin, H., Li, J., Li, X., Zhao, Y., Wang, X., Ni, F., Ma, X., Li, A., Xu, S. S., Bai, G., Nevo, E., Gao, C., Ohm, H., & Kong, L. 2020. Horizontal gene transfer of Fhb7 underlies Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. Science 368: 844/eaba5435. doi: 10.1126/science.aba5435

Wang, H. [Hongxing] [et al. 2024], Ren, J., Zhou, S., Duan, Y., Zhu, C., Chen, C., Liu, Z., Zheng, Q., Xiang, S., Xie, Z., Wang, X., Chai, L., Ye, J., Xu, Q., Guo, W., Deng, X., & Zhang, F. 2024. A molecular framework for the development of secretory cavity in Citrus. Science 383: 659-666. doi:10.1126/science.adl2953

Wang, H. [Hui] [et al. 2024], Li, X.-Y., Jiang, Y., Jin, Z.-T., Ma, D.-K., Liu, B., Xu, C., Ge, B.-J., Wang, T., Fan, Q., Jin, S.-H., Liu, G.-N., & Liu, B.-B. 2024. Refining the phylogeny and taxonomy of the apple tribe Maleae (Rosaceae): Insights from phylogenomic analyses of 563 plastomes and a taxonomic synopsis of Photinia and its allies in the Old World. PhytoKeys 242: 161-227. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.242.117481

Wang, H. [Huijun] [et al. 2024], Wu, Z., Li, T., & Zhao, J. 2024. Phylogenomics resolves the backbone of Poales and identifies signals of hybridization and polyploidy. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 200:108184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108184

Wang, H.-B. [et al. 2015], Wang, X.-Y., Liu, L.-P., Qin, G.-W., & Kang, T.-G. 2015. Tigliane diterpenoids from the Euphorbiaceae and Thymelaeaceae families. Chem. Review 115: 2975-3011. doi: 10.1021/cr200397n

Wang, H.-C. [Heng-Chang] [et al. 2006], Meng, A.-P., Li, J.-Q., Feng, M., Chen, Z.-D., & Wang, W. 2006. Floral organogenesis of Cocculus orbiculatus and Stephania dielsiana (Menispermaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 951-960.

Wang, H.-C. [et al. 2010], Meng, A.-P., Chu, H.-J., Li, X.-W., & Li, J.-Q. 2010. Floral ontogeny of Sinojackia xylocarpa (Styracaceae), with special reference to the development of the androecium. Nordic J. Bot. 28: 371-375.

Wang, H.-C. [Huan-Chong] [et al. 2014], He, Z.-R., Wang, Y.-H., & Sun, H. 2013 [= 2014]. Bupleurum dracaenoides (subgenus Bupleurum, Apiaceae: A new shrubby species from southwestern China. Syst. Bot. 38: 1188-1195.

Wang, H.-F. [Hua-Feng] [et al. 2009a], Kirchoff, B. K., Qin, H.-N., & Zhu, Q.-X. 2009a. Reproductive morphology of Sargentodoxa cuneata (Lardizabalaceae) and its systematic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 280: 207-217.

Wang, H.-F. [et al. 2009b], Friedman, C. R., Zhu, Z.-X., & Qin, H.-N. 2009b. Early reproductive developmental anatomy in Decaisnea (Lardizabalaceae) and its systematic implications. Ann. Bot. 104: 1243-1253.

Wang, H.-F. [et al. 2015], Landrein, S., Dong, W.-P., Nie, Z.-L., Kondo, K., Funamoto, T., Wen, J., & Zhou, S.-L. 2015. Molecular phylogeny and biogeographic diversification of Linnaeoideae (Caprifoliaceae s.l.) disjunctly distributed in Eurasia, North America and Mexico. PLoS ONE 10(3):e0116485.

Wang, H.-J. [et al. 2015], Li, W.-T., Liu, Y.-N., Yang, F.-S., & Wang, X.-Q. 2015. Range-wide multilocus phylogenetic analyses of Pedicularis sect. Cyathophora (Orobanchaceae): Implications for species delimitation and speciation. Taxon 64: 959-974.

Wang, H.-X. [et al. 2019], Liu, H., Moore, M. J., Landrein, S., Liu, B., Zhu, Z.-H., & Wang, H.-F. 2020 [= 2019]. Plastid phylogenomic insights into the evolution of the Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Dipsacales). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 142:106641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106641

Wang, H.-X. [et al. 2021], Morales-Briones, D. F., Moore, M. J., Wen, J., & Wang, H.-F. 2021. A phylogenomic perspective on gene tree conflict and character evolution in Caprifoliaceae using target enrichment data, with Zabelioideae recognized as a new subfamily. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 897-914. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12745

Wang, J., & Xia, N.-h. 2013. Cladistics of the genus Ardisia in China. J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 21: 549-559. [In Chinese.]

Wang, J. [Jianjun] [et al. 2011], Soininen, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, B., Yang, X., & Shen. J. 2011. Contrasting patterns in elevational gardients between microroganisms and macroorganisms. J. Biogeog. 38: 595-603.

Wang, J. [Jianping] [et al. 2012], Na, J.-K., Yu, Q., Gschwend, A. R., Han, J., Zeng, F., Aryal, R., VanBuren, R., Murray, J. E., Zhang, W., Navajas-Pérez, R., Feltus, F. A., Lemke, C., Tong, E. J., Chen, C., Wai, C. M., Singh, R., Wang, M.-L., Min, X. J., Alam, M., Charlesworth, D., Moore, P. H., Jiang, J., Paterson, A. H., & Ming, R. 2012. Sequencing papaya X and Yh chromosomes reveals molecular basis of incipient sex chromosome evolution. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109: 13710-13715.

Wang, J. [Jianqi] [et al. 2022], Yuan, M., Feng, Y., Zhang, Y., Bao, S., Hao, Y., Ding, Y., Gao, X., Yu, Z., Xu, Q., Zhao, J., Zhu, Q., Wang, P., Wu, C., Wang, J., Li, Y., Xu, C., & Wang, J. 2022. A common whole-genome paleotetraploidization in Cucurbitales. Plant Physiol. 190: 2430-2448.

Wang, J. [Jie] [et al. 2024], Kan, S., Kong, J., Nie, L., Fan, W., Ren, Y., Reeve, W., Mower, J. P., & Wu, Z. 2024. Accumulation of large lineage-specific repeats coincides with sequence acceleration and structural rearrangement in Plantago plastomes. Genome Biol. Evol. 16:evae177. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evae177

Wang, J. [Jing] [et al. 2012], Thomas, D. C., Su, Y. C. F., Meinke, S., Chatrou, L. W., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2012. A plastid DNA phylogeny of Dasymaschalon (Annonaceae) and allied genera: Evidence for generic non-monophyly and the parallel evolutionary loss of inner petals. Taxon 61: 545-558.

Wang, J. [et al. 2020], Dong, S., Yang, L., Harris, A. J., Schneider, H., & Kang, M. 2020. Allopolyploid speciation accompanied by gene flow in a tree fern. Molec. Biol. Evol. 37: 2487-2502. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa097

Wang, J. [Jinpeng] [et al. 2017a], Sun, P., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Yu, J., Ma, X., Sun, S., Yang, N., Xia, R., Lei, T., Liu, X., Jiao, H., Xing, Y., Ge, W., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Song, X., Yuan, M., Guo, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, J., Jin, D., Chen, W., Pan, Y., Liu, T., Jin, L., Sun, J., Yu, J., Cheng, R., Duan, X., Shen, S., Qin, J., Zhang, M.-C., Paterson, A. H., & Wang, X. 2017a. Hierarchically aligning 10 legume genomes establishes a family-level genomics platform. Plant Physiol. 174: 284-300.

Wang, J. [et al. 2017b], Sun, P., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, N., Yu, J., Ma, X., Sun, S., Xia, R., Liu, X., Ge, D., Luo, S., Liu, Y., Kong, Y., Cui, X., Lei, T., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Ge, W., Zhang, L., Song, X., Yuan, M., Guo, D., Jin, D., Chen, W., Pan, Y., Liu, T., Yang, G., Xiao, Y., Sun, J., Zhang, C., Li, Z., Xu, H., Duan, X., Shen, S., Zhang, Z., Huang, S., & Wang, X. 2018 [= 2017b]. An overlooked paleotetraploidization in Cucurbitaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 35: 16-26. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msx242

Wang, J. [et al. 2019a], Yuan, J., Yu, J., Meng, F., Sun, P., Li, Y., Yang, N., Wang, Z., Pan, Y., Ge, W., Wang, L., Li, J., Liu, C., Zhao, Y., Luo, S., Ge, D., Cui, X., Feng, G., Wang, Z., Ji, L., Qin, J., Li, X., Wang, X., & Xi, Z. 2019a. Recursive paleohexaploidization shaped the Durian genome. Plant Physiol. 179: 209-219.

Wang, J. [et al. 2019b], Qin, J., Sun, P., Ma, X., Yu, J., Li, Y., Sun, S., Lei, T., Meng, F., Wei, C., Li, X., Guo, H., Liu, X., Xia, R., Wang, L., Ge, W., Song, X., Zhang, L., Guo, D., Wang, J., Bao, S., Jiang, S., Feng, Y., Li, X., Paterson, A. H., & Wang, X. 2019b. Polyploidy index and its implications for the evolution of polyploids. Front. Genetics 10:807. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00807

Wang, J. [et al. 2020], Yu, J., Wei, C., Guo, H., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Li, X., & Wang, X. 2020. Sequential paleotetraploidization shaped the carrot genome. BMC Plant Biol. 20:52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-2235-7

Wang, J. [Jun] [et al. 2021], Hilton, J., Pfefferkorn, H. W., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Bek, J., Psenicka, J., Seyfullah, L. J., & Dilcher, D. 2021. Ancient noeggerathialean reveals the seed plant sister group diversified alongside the primary seed plant radiation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 118:e2013442118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013442118

Wang, J.-C. [et al. 2016], Pan, B.-R., & Albach, D. C. 2016. Evolution of morphological and climatic adaptations in Veronica L. (Plantaginaceae). PeerJ 4:e2333. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2333

Wang, J.-P. [et al. 2018], Yu, J.-G., Li, J., Sun, P.-C., Wang, L., Yuan, J.-Q., Meng, F.-B., Sun, S.-R., Li, Y.-X., Lei, T.-Y., Pan, Y. X., Ge, W.-N., Wang, Z.-Y., Zhang, L., Song, X.-M., Liu, C., Duan, X.-Q., Shen, S.-Q., Xie, Y.-q., Hou, Y., Zhang, J., Wang, J.-Y., & Wang, X. 2018. Two likely auto-tetraploidization events shaped kiwifruit genome and contributed to establishment of the Actinidiaceae family. iScience 7: 230-240.

Wang, J.-R. [et al. 2020], Wang, S., Su, N., Li, Q.-J., Zhang, X.-H., Ma, Y.-P., Zhao, L., Toni, J. F. G., & Ronse De Craene, L. 2020. Floral morphology and morphogenesis in Sanguisorba (Rosaceae): Flower diversification despite petal reduction and spatial constraints. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 193: 47-63.

Wang, L. [Lei] [et al. 2010], Dong, M., & Huang, Z. Y. 2010. Review of research on seed heteromorphism and its ecological significance. Chinese J. Plant Ecol. 34: 578-590. [In Chinese.]

Wang, L. [Li] [et al. 2011], Wang, D., Lin, M.-M., Lu, Y., Jiang, X.-X., & Jin, B. 2011. An embryological study and systematic significance of the primitive gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba. J. Syst. Evol. 49: 353-361.

Wang, L. [et al. 2012], Schneider, H., Zhang, X.-C., & Xiang, Q.-P. 2012. The rise of the Himalaya enforced the diversification of SE Asian ferns by altering the monsoon regimes. BMC Plant Biol. 12:210. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/210

Wang, L. [et al. 2013], Jacques, F. M. B., Su, T., Xing, Y., Zhang, S., & Zhou, Z. 2013. The earliest fossil bamboos of China (middle Miocene, Yunnan) and their biogeographical importance. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 197: 253-265.

Wang, L. [et al. 2015], Li, J., Zhao, J., & He, C. 2015. Evolutionary developmental genetics of fruit morphological variation within the Solanaceae. Front. Plant Sci. 6:248. http://10.3389/fpls.2015.00248

Wang, L. [et al. 2020], Cui, J., Jin, B., Zhao, J., Xu, H., Lu, Z., Li, W., Li, X., Li, L., Liang, E., Rao, X., Wang, S., Fu, C., Cao, F., Dixon, R. A., & Lin, J. 2020. Multifeature analyses of vascular cambial cells reveal longevity mechanisms in old Ginkgo biloba trees. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 117: 2201-2210.

Wang, L. [et al. 2021], Guo, Z., Shang, Q., Sa, W., & Wang, L. 2021. The complete chloroplast genome of Prunus triloba var. plena and comparative analysis of Prunus species: Genome structure, sequence divergence, and phylogenetic analysis. Brazilian J. Bot. 44: 85-95.

Wang, L. [Lili] [et al. 2009], Shang, H., Liu, Y., Zheng, M., Wu, R., Phillips, J., Bartels, D., & Deng, X. 2009. A role for a cell wall localized glycine-rich protein in dehydration and rehydration of the resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica. Plant Biol. 11: 837-848. doi: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00187.x

Wang, L. [Liu] [et al. 2017], Zhao, Y.-Y., & Liu, J.-X. 2017. Embryology of Myosoton and Stellaria and its taxonomic significance (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 306: 124-134.

Wang, L. [et al. 2017], Gu, L., Zhao, C., & Liu, J. 2018 [= 2017]. Pollen morphology of Polygonatae and its systematic significance. J. Palynol. 42: 255-272.

Wang, L. [Lixiang], & Wang, Y.-Z. 2005. Floral development of Triaenophora (Veronicaceae) and phylogenetic implication. Plant Syst. Evol. 250: 69-79.

Wang, L. [Lu] [et al. 2019], Yan, X. L., Zhang, X.-H., & Ren Y. 2020 [= 2019]. Ovule morphogenesis and structure in Menispermaceae, focusing on the development of the single fertile ovule and its systematic significance. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 581-595.

Wang, L. [Ludi] [et al. 2019], Lin, Z., Triviño, M., Nowack, M. K., Franklin-Tong, V. E., & Bosch, M. 2019. Self-incompatibility in Papaver pollen: Programmed cell death in an acidic environment.

Wang, L.-B. [et al. 2021], Ma, H., & Lin, J. 2021. Preferential retention of the slowly evolving gene in pairs of duplicates in angiosperm genomes. J. Syst. Evol. ttps://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12712

Wang, M. [et al. 2014], Zheng, Z., O'Connor, J. K., Lloyd, G. T., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., & Zhou, Z. 2015. The oldest record of ornithuromorpha from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature Communic. 6:6987. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7987

Wang, N. [Nan] [et al. 2022a], Song, X., Ye, J., Zhang, S., Cao, Z., Zhu, C., Hu, J., Zhou, Y., Huang, Y., Cao, S., Liu, Z., Wu, X., Chai, L., Guo, W., Xu, Q., Gaut, B. S., Koltunow, A, N. G., Zhou, Y., & Deng, X. 2022a. Structural variation and parallel evolution of apomixis in citrus during domestication and diversification. National Sci. Rev. 10.1093/nsr/nwac114 (2022)

Wang, N. [et al. 2022b] Li, C., Kuang, L., Wu, X., Xie, K., Zhu, A., Xu, Q., Larkin, R. M., Zhou, Y., Deng, X., & Guo, W. 2022b. Pan-mitogenomics reveals the genetic basis of cytonuclear conflicts in citrus hybridization, domestication, and diversification. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 119(43):e2206076119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2206076119

Wang, N. [Nian] [et al. 2016], McAllister, H. A., Bartlett, P. R., & Buggs, R. J. A. 2016. Molecular phylogeny and genome size evolution of the genus Betula (Betulaceae). Ann. Bot. 117: 1023-1035.

Wang, N. [Ning] [et al. 2018], Yang, Y., Moore, M. J. Brockington, S. F., Walker, J. F., Brown, J. W., Liang, B., Feng, T., Edwards, C., Mikenas, J., Olivieri, J., Hutchison, V., Timoneda, A., Stoughton, T., Puente, R., Majure, L. C., Eggli, U., & Smith, S. A. 2019 [= 2018]. Evolution of Portulacinae marked by gene tree conflict and gene family expansion associated with adaptation to harsh environments. Molec. Biol. Evol. 36: 112-126.

Wang, P. [Peipei] [et al. 2015], Liao, H., Zhang, W., Yu, X., Zhang, R., Shan, H., Duan, X., Yao, X., & Kong, H. 2015. Flexibility in the structure of spiral flowers and its underlying mechanisms. Nature Plants 2:15188. doi:10.1038/nplants.2015.188

Wang, P. [et al. 2018], Moore, B. M., Panchy, N. L., Meng, F., Lehti-Shiu, M., & Shiu, S.-H. 2018. Factors influencing gene family size variation among related species in a plant family, Solanaceae. Genome Biol. Evol. 10: 2596-2613.

Wang, P. [Peng] [et al. 2013], Kelly, S., Fouracre, J. P., & Langdale, J. A. 2013. Genome-wide transcript analysis of early maize leaf development reveals gene cohorts associated with the differentiation of C4 Kranz anatomy. Plant J. 75: 656-670.

Wang, P. [Ping] [et al. 2012], Su, Z., Yuan, W., Deng, G., & Li, S. 2012. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Eryngium L. (Apiaceae). Pharmac. Crops 3; 99-120.

Wang, Q. [Qi] [et al. 2013], Manchester, S. R., Gregor, H.-J., Shen, S., & Li, Z.-y. 2013. Fruits of Koelreuteria (Sapindaceae) from the Cenozoic throughout the northern hemisphere: Their ecological, evolutionary, and biogeographic implications. American J. Bot. 100: 422-449.

Wang, Q. [Qian], & Mao, K.-S. 2016 [= 2015]. Puzzling rocks and complicated clocks: How to optimize molecular dating approaches in historical biogeography. New Phytol. 209: 1353-1358.

Wang, Q. [Qiang] [et al. 2014], Ma, X.-T., & Hong, D.-Y. 2014. Phylogenetic analyses reveal three new genera of the Campanulaceae. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 541-550.

Wang, Q. [Qing] [et al. 2010], Manchester, S. R., Li, C., & Geng, B. 2010. Fruits and leaves of Ulmus from the Paleogene of Fushun, Northeastern China. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 171: 221-226.

Wang, Q. [Qinggang] [et al. 2018], Wu, S., Su, X., Zhang, L., Xu, X., Lyu, L., Cai, H., Shrestha, N., Liu, Y., Wang, W., & Wang, Z. 2018. Niche conservatism and elevated diversification shape species diversity in drylands: Evidence from Zygophyllaceae. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 285:20181742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1742

Wang, Q.-F., & Chen, J.-K. 1997. Floral organogenesis of Caldesia parnassifolia (Bassi ex L.) Parl. (Alismataceae). Acta Phytotax. Sinica 35: 289-292. [In Chinese.]

Wang, Q.-j. [et al. 2018], Yan, X.-l., Zhao, L., Zhang, X.-h., & Ren, Y. 2018. Comparative study on petals structure, micromorphology and ultrastructure in two species of Stephania (Menispermaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 304: 911-921.

Wang, R. [et al. 2021], Yang, Y., Jing, Y., Segar, S. T., Zhang, Y., Wang, G., Chen, J., Liu, Q. F., Chen, S., Chen, Y., Cruaud, Y., Ding, Y. Y., Dunn, D., Gao, Q., Gilmartin, P. M., Jiang, K., Kjellberg, F., Li, H. Q., Li, Y. Y., Liu, J. Q., Liu, M., Machado, C. A., Ming, R., Rasplus, J. Y., Tong, X., Wen, P., Yang, H. M., Yang, J. J., Yin, Y., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. Y., Yu, H., Yue, Z., Compton, S. G., & Chen, X. Y. 2021. Molecular mechanisms of mutualistic and antagonistic interactions in a plant–pollinator association. Nature Ecol. Evol. 5: 974–986. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01469-1

Wang, R.-J. [et al. 2008], Cheng, C.-L., Chang, C.-C., Wu, C.-L., Su, T.-M., & Chaw, S.-M. 2008. Dynamics and evolution of the inverted repeat-large single copy junctions in the chloroplast genome of monocots. BMC Evol. Biol. 8:36. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471.2148/8/36

Wang, R. R. C., & Lu, B. 2014. Biosystematics and evolutionary relationships of perennial Triticeae species revealed by genomic analyses. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 697-705.

Wang, R.-x. [et al. 2018], Shao, W.,Bai, S.-m., & Zhou, Z.-p. 2018. Cytotaxonomic study of Plagiogyria (Plagiogyriaceae) from China. Flora 243: 53-57.

Wang, S. [Shuaibin] [et al. 2022], Gao, J., Chao, H., Li, Z., Pu, W., Wang, Y., & Chen, M. 2022. Comparative chloroplast genomes of Nicotiana species (Solanaceae): Insights into the genetic variation, phylogenetic relationship, and polyploid speciation. Front. Plant Sci. 13:899252. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.899252

Wang, S. [Shuangshuang] [et al. 2020], Chen, A., Xie, K., Yang, X., Luo, Z., Chen, J., Zeng, D., Ren, Y., Yang, C., Wang, L., Feng, H., López-Arredondo, D. L., Herrera-Estrella, L. R., & Xu, G. 2020. Functional analysis of the OsNPF4.5 nitrate transporter reveals a conserved mycorrhizal pathway of nitrogen acquisition in plants> Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117:16649-16659.

Wang, S. [Sibo] [et al. 2020], Li, L., Sahu, S. K., Wang, H., Xu, Y., Xian, W., Song, B., Liang, H., Cheng, S., Chang, Y., Song, Y., Çebi, Z., Wittek, S., Reder, T., Peterson, M., Yang, H., Wang, J., Melkonian, B., ven de Peer, Y., Xu, X., Wong, G. K.-S., Melkonian, M., Liu, H., & Liu, X. 2020. Genomes of early-diverging streptophyte algae shed light on plant terrestrialization. Nature Plants 6: 95-106.

Wang, S.-J. [et al. 2017], Bateman, R. M., Spencer, A. R. T., Wang, J., Shao, L., & Hilton, J. 2017. Anatomically preserved "strobili" and leaves from the Permian of China (Dorsalistachyaceae, fam. nov.) broaden knowledge of Noeggerathiales and constrain their possible taxonomic affinities. American J. Bot. 104: 127-149. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1600371

Wang, T. [et al. 2003], Su, Y.-J., Zheng, B., Li, X.-Y., Zang, Q.-L., Qu, L.-J., & Gu, H.Y. 2003. Cladistic analysis of chloroplast rbcL gene and trnL/trnF intergenic spacer sequences in Taxaceae and related taxa. Pp. 103-116, in Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, part A. Phanerogams. Scientific Publications, Enfield, NH.

Wang, T. N. [et al. 2018], Clifford, M. R., Martínez-Gómez, J., Johnson, J. C., Riffell, J. A., & Di Stilio, V. A. 2019 [= 2018]. Scent matters: Differential contribution of scent to insect response in flowers with insect vs wind pollination traits. Ann. Bot. 123: 289-301.

Wang, W. [Wei - I], & Chen, Z.-D. 2007. Generic level phylogeny of Thalictroideae (Ranunculaceae) - implications for the taxonomic status of Paropyrum and petal evolution. Taxon 56: 811-821.

Wang, W. [et al. 2005], Li, R.-Q., & Chen, Z.-D. 2005. Systematic position of Asteropyrum (Ranunculaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 255: 41-54.

Wang, W. [et al. 2007a], Wang, H.-C., & Chen, Z.-D. 2007a. Phylogeny and morphological evolution of tribe Menispermeae (Menispermaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear sequences. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 8: 141-154.

Wang, W. [et al. 2007b], Chen, Z.-D., Li., R.-Q., & Li, J.-H. 2007b. Phylogenetic and biogeographic diversification of Berberidaceae in the northern hemisphere. Syst. Bot. 32: 731-742.

Wang, W. [et al. 2009], Lu, A.-M., Ren, Y., Endress, M. E., & Chen, Z.-D. 2009. Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 11: 81-110.

Wang, W. [et al. 2010], Hu, H., Xiang, X.-G., Yu, S.-X., & Chen, Z.-D. 2010. Phylogenetic placements of Calathodes and Megaleranthis (Ranunculaceae): Evidence from molecular and morphological data. Taxon 59: 1712-1720.

Wang, W. [et al. 2012], Ortiz, R. del C., Jacques, F. M. B., Xiang, X.-G., Li, H.-L., Lin, L., Li, R.-Q., Liu, Y., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E. & Chen, Z.-D. 2012. Menispermaceae and the diversification of tropical rainforests near the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. New Phytol. 195: 470-478.

Wang, W. [et al. 2013], Liu, Y., Yu, S.-X., Gao, T.-G., & Chen, Z.-D. 2013. Gymnaconitum, a new genus of Ranunculaceae endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Taxon 62: 713-722.

Wang, W. [et al. 2014a], Dilcher, D. L., Sun, G., Wang, H.-S., & Chen, Z.-D. 2016 [= 2014a]. Accelerated evolution of the early angiosperms: Evidence from ranunculalean phylogeny by integrating living and fossil data. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 336-341. doi: 10.1111/jse.12090

Wang, W. [et al. 2014b], Li, H.-L., Xiang, X.-G., & Chen, Z.-D. 2014b. Revisiting the phylogeny of Ranunculeae: Implications for divergence time estimation and historical biogeography. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 551-565.

Wang, W. [et al. 2016a], Lin, L., Xiang, X.-G., Ortiz, R. del C., Liu, Y., Xiang, K.-L., Yu, S.-X., Xing, Y.-W., & Chen, Z.-D. 2016a. The rise of angiosperm-dominated herbaceous floras: Insights from Ranunculaceae. Sci. Reports 6:27259. doi: 10.1038/srep27259

Wang, W. [et al. 2016b], Dilcher, D. L., Sun, G., Wang, H.-S., & Chen, Z.-D. 2016b. Accelerated evolution in the early angiosperms: Evidence from ranunculalean phylogeny by integrating living and fossil data. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 336-341.

Wang, W. [et al. 2016c], Ortiz, R. del C., Jacques, F. M. B., Chung, S.-W., Liu, Y., Xiang, X.-G., & Chen, Z.-D. 2017 [= 2016c]. New insights into the phylogeny of Burasaieae (Menispermaceae) with the recognition of a new genus and emphasis on the southern Taiwanese and mainland China disjunction. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 109: 11-20.

Wang, W. [Wei - II] [et al. 2014], Haberer, G., Gundlach, H., Gläßer, C., Nussbaumer, T., Luo, M. C., Lomsadze, A., Borodovsky, M., Kerstetter, R. A., Shanklin, J., Bryant, D. W., Mockler, T. C., Appenroth, K. J., Grimwood, J., Jenkins, J., Chow, J., Choi, C., Adam, C., Cao, X.-H., Fuchs, J., Schubert, I., Rokhsar, D., Schmutz, J., Michael, T. P., Mayer, K. F. X., & Messing, J. 2014. The Spirodela polyrhiza genome reveals insights into its neotenous reduction fast growth and aquatic lifestyle. Nature Communic. 5:3311. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4311

Wang, W. [Weiwen], & Lanfear, R. 2019. Long-reads reveal that the chloroplast genome exists in two distinct versions in most plants. Genome Biol. Evol. 11: 3372-3381.

Wang, W. [Wencai] [et al. 2018], Wan, T., Becher, H., Kuderova, A., Leitch, I. J., Garcia, S., Leitch, A. R., & Kovarík, A. 2019 [= 2018]. Remarkable variation of ribosomal DNA organization and copy number in gnetophytes, a distinct lineage of gymnosperms. Ann. Bot. 123: 767-781.

Wang, W. [Wenqin], & Messing, J. 2011. High-throughput sequencing of three Lemnoideae (duckweeds) chloroplast genomes from total DNA. PLoS ONE 6:e24670.

Wang, W. [et al. 2012], Wu, Y., & Messing, J. 2012. The mitochondrial genome of an aquatic plant, Spirodela polyrhiza. PLoS ONE 7(10):e46747. doi:10:13171/journal.pone/0046747

Wang, W. C. [et al. 2016], Chen, S.-Y., & Zhang, X.-Z. 2016. Chloroplast genome evolution in Actinidiaceae: clpP loss, heterogenous divergence and phylogenomic practice. PLoS ONE 11(9):e0162324. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162324

Wang, W.-T. 2014. Elatostema (Urticaceae) in China. Qingdao Publiching House.

Wang, X. [Xi] [et al. 2019], Gong, J.-Z., Li, Q.-J., Wang, J.-R., Ma, Y.-P., Zhang, X.-H., Chang, Z.-Y., Wen, J., & Zhao, L. 2019. Floral organogenesis of Prunus laurocerasus and P. serotina and its significance for the systematics of the genus and androecium diversity in Rosaceae. Botany 97: 71-84.

Wang, X. [et al. 2021], Wang, J.-R., Xie, S.-Y., Zhang, X.-H., Chang, Z.-Y., Zhao, L., Ronse De Craene, L., & Wen, J. 2022 [= 2021]. Floral morphogenesis of the Maddenia and Pygeum groups of Prunus (Rosaceae), with an emphasis on the perianth. Plant Syst. Evol. 60: 1062-1077. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12748

Wang, X. [Xiaojuan] [et al. 2017], Tanaka, M., Peixoto, H. S., & Wink, M. 2017. Cucurbitacins: Elucidation of their interactions with the cytoskeleton. PeerJ 5:e3357. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3357

Wang, X. [Xiaoliang] [et al. 2023], Ma, X., Yan, G., Hua, L., Liu, H., Huang, W., Liang, Z., Chao, Q., Hibberd, J. M., Jiao, Y., & Zhang, M. 2023. Gene duplications facilitate C4-CAM compatibility in common purslane. Plant Physiol. 193: 2622-2638. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad451

Wang, X. [Xiaowu] [et al. 2011], Wang, H., Wang, J., Sun, R., Wu, J., Liu, S., Bai, Y., Mun, J. H., Bancroft, I., Cheng, F., Huang, S., Li, X., Hua, W., Wang, J., Wang, X., Freeling, M., Pires, J. C., Paterson, A. H., Chalhoub, B., Wang, B., Hayward, A., Sharpe, A. G., Park, B. S., Weisshaar, B., Liu, B., Li, B., Liu, B., Tong, C., Song, C., Duran, C., Peng, C., Geng, C., Koh, C., Lin, C., Edwards, D., Mu, D., Shen, D., Soumpourou, E., Li, F., Fraser, F., Conant, G., Lassalle, G., King, G. J., Bonnema, G., Tang, H., Wang, H., Belcram, H., Zhou, H., Hirakawa, H., Abe, H., Guo, H., Wang, H., Jin, H., Parkin, I. A., Batley, J., Kim, J. S., Just, J., Li, J., Xu, J., Deng, J., Kim, J. A., Li, J., Yu, J., Meng, J., Wang, J., Min, J., Poulain, J., Wang, J., Hatakeyama, K., Wu, K., Wang, L., Fang, L., Trick, M., Links, M. G., Zhao, M., Jin, M., Ramchiary, N., Drou, N., Berkman, P. J., Cai, Q., Huang, Q., Li, R., Tabata, S., Cheng, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Huang, S., Sato, S., Sun, S., Kwon, S. J., Choi, S. R., Lee, T. H., Fan, W., Zhao, X., Tan, X., Xu, X., Wang, Y., Qiu, Y., Yin, Y., Li, Y., Du, Y., Liao, Y., Lim, Y., Narusaka, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Li, Z., Wang, Z., Xiong, Z., & Zhang, Z. - The Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project Consortium. 2011. The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa. Nature Genetics 43: 1035-1039. doi: 10.1038/ng.919

Wang, X. [Xin]. 2009. New fossils and new hope for the origin of angiosperms. Pp. 51-70, in Pontarotti, P. (ed.), Evolutionary Biology: Concepts, Modeling, and Application. Springer, Dordrecht.

Wang, X. 2010a. The Dawn Angiosperms: Uncovering the Origin of Flowering Plants. Springer, Berlin.

Wang, X. 2010b. Schmeissneria: An angiosperm from the Early Jurassic. J. Syst. Evol. 48: 326-335.

Wang, X. 2018. The Dawn Angiosperms: Uncovering the Origin of Flowering Plants. Ed. 2. Springer, Cham.

Wang, X., & Wang, S. 2010. Xingxueanthus: An enigmatic Jurassic seed plant and its implications for the origin of angiospermy. Acta Geol. Sinica English Edition, 84: 47-55.

Wang, X., & Zheng, S. L. 2010. Whole fossil plants of Ephedra and their implications of the morphology, ecology and evolution of Ephedraceae Gnetales. Chineae Sci. Bull. 55: 1511-1519.

Wang, X. [et al. 2007], Duan, S., Geng, B., Cui, J., & Yang, Y. 2007. Schmeissneria: A missing link to angiosperms? BMC Evol. Biol. 7: 14.

Wang, X. [et al. 2008], Dilcher, D. L., Lott, T. A., & Li, Y. 2008. Parapodocarpus gen. nov. and its implications for interpreting the ovulate organ in the Podocarpaceae. Geophytol. 37: 1-8.

Wang, X. [Xing] [et al. 2015], Veneklaas, E. J., Pearse, S. J., & Lambers, H. 2015. Interactions among cluster-root investment, leaf phosphorus concentration, and relative growth rate in two Lupinus species. American J. Bot. 102: 1529-1537.

Wang, X. [Xiyin] [et al. 2005], Shi, X., Hao, B., Ge, S., & Luo, J. 2005. Duplication and DNA segmental loss in the rice genome: Implications for diploidization. New Phytol. 165: 937-946.

Wang, X. [et al. 2009], Gowik, U., Tang, H., Bowers, J. E., Westhoff, P., & Paterson, A. H. 2009. Comparative genomic analysis of C4 photosynthetic pathway evolution in grasses. Genome Biol. 10:R68. doi:10.1186/gb-2009-10-6-r68

Wang, X. [et al. 2015], Wang, J., Jin, D., Guo, H., Lee, T.-H., Liu, T., & Paterson, A. H. 2015. Genome alignment spanning major Poaceae lineages reveals heterogeneous evolutionary rates and alters inferred dates for key evolutionary events. Molec. Plant 8: 885-898.

Wang, X. [et al. 2016], Guo, H., Wang, J., Lei, T., Liu, T., Wang, Z., Li, Y., Lee, T. H., Li, J., Tang, H., Jin, D., & Paterson, A. H. 2016. Comparative genomic de-convolution of the cotton genome revealed a decaploid ancestor and widespread chromosomal fractionation. New Phytol. 209: 1252-1263.

Wang, X. [Xueqin] [et al. 2021], Song, W., Xiao, J., Li, C., & Liu, H. 2021. Phylogeny of Myrtales and related groups based on chloroplast genome. Guihaia 41: 68-80. [In Chinese.]

Wang, X. [et al. 2023], Song, W., Ma, F., Gao, W., & Zhao, Y. 2021. Phylogeny of Scrophulariaceae sensu lato based on plastid genome. Guihaia 43: 1805-1813. [In Chinese.]

Wang, X.-F. [et al. 2002], Tao, Y.-B., & Lu, Y.-T. 2002. Pollen tubes enter neighbouring ovules by way of receptacle tissue, resulting in increased fruit-set in Sagittaria potamogetifolia Merr. Ann. Bot. 89: 791-796.

Wang, X.-F. [et al. 2006], Tan, Y.-Y., Chen, J.-H., & Lu, Y.-T. 2006. Pollen tube reallocation in two preanthesis cleistogamous species, Ranalisma rostratum amd Sagittaria guyanensis ssp. lappula (Alismataceae). Aquatic Bot. 85: 233-240.

Wang, X.-F. [et al. 2011], Armbruster, W. S., & Huang, S.-Q. 2012 [= 2011]. Extra-gynoecial pollen tube growth in apocarpous angiosperms is phylogenetically widespread and probably adaptive. New Phytol. 193: 253-260.

Wang, X.-M. [et al. 2012], Zhang, P., Du, Q.-D., He, H.-X., Zhao, L., Ren, Y., & Endress, P. K. 2012. Heterodichogamy in Kingdonia (Circeasteraceae, Ranunculales). Ann. Bot. 109: 1125-1132.

Wang, X.-Q. [Xiao-Quan], & Ran, J.-H. 2014. Evolution and biogeography of gymnosperms. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 75: 24-40.

Wang, X.-q. [et al. 1993], Hong, D.-y., & Li, Z.-y. 1993. A study on pollen and seed coat in the tribe Cimicifugeae and some allied genera (Ranunculaceae). Cathaya 5: 131-149.

Wang, X.-Q. [et al. 2000], Tank, D. C., & Sang, T. 2000. Phylogeny and divergence times in Pinaceae: Evidence from three genomes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 17: 773-781.

Wang, X.-R. [et al. 1996], Szmidt, A. E., & Lu, M.-Z. 1996. Genetic evidence for the presence of cytoplasmic DNA in pollen and megagametophytes and maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in Pinus. Forest Genet. 3: 37-44.

Wang, Y. [Yan] [et al. 2022], Zhang, C.-F., Odago, W. O., Jiang, H., Yang, J.-X., Hu, G.-W., & Wang, Q.-F. 2023 [= 2022]. Evolution of 101 Apocynaceae plastomes and phylogenetic implications. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 107688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107688

Wang, Y. [et al. 2024], Wu, X., Chen, Y., Xu, C., Wang, Y., & Wang, Q. 2024. Phylogenomic analyses revealed widely occurring hybridization events across Elsholtzieae (Lamiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 198:108112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108112

Wang, Y. [Yanli] [et al. 2022], Bi, X. & Zhong, J. 2022. Revisiting the origin and identity specification of the spikelet: A structural innovation in grasses (Poaceae). Plant Physiol. 190: 60-71.

Wang, Y. [Yanliang] [et al. 2022], He, X., & Yu, F. 2022. Non-host plants: Are they mycorrhizal networks players? Plant Divers. 40: 127-134.

Wang, Y. [Yi] [et al. 2023/2024], Gong, G.-N., Wang, Y., Zhang, R.-G., Hörandl, E., Zhang, Z.-X., Charlesworth, D., & He, L. 2023. Gap-free X and Y chromosome assemblies of Salix arbutifolia reveal an evolutionary change from male to female heterogamety in willows, without a change in the position of the sex-determining locus. bioRχiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.11.561967 = Wang, Y. [Yi] [et al. 2024], Gong, G.-N., Wang, Y., Zhang, R.-G., Hörandl, E., Zhang, Z.-X., Charlesworth, D., & He, L. 2024. Gap-free X and Y chromosome assemblies of Salix arbutifolia reveal an evolutionary change from male to female heterogamety in willows, without a change in the position of the sex-determining locus. New Phytol. 242: 2872-2887. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19744

Wang, Y. [Yiheng] [et al. 2022], Sun, J., Qiao, P., Wang, J., Wang, M., Du, Y., Xiong, F., Luo, J., Yuan, Q., Dong, W., Huang, L., & Guo, L. 2022. Evolutionary history of genus Coptis and its dynamic changes in the potential suitable distribution area. Front. Plant Sci. 13:1003368. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1003368

Wang, Y. [Ying] [et al. 2008], Diehl, A., Wu, F., Vrebaalov, J., Giovannoni, J., Siepel, A., & Tanksley, S. D. 2008. Sequencing and comparative analysis of a conserved syntenic segment in Solanaceae. Genetics 180: 391-408.

Wang, Y. [Yong] [et al. 2009], Liu, Y., Liu, S., & Huang, H. 2009. Molecular phylogeny of Myricaria (Tamaricaceae): Implications for taxonomy and conservation in China. Bot. Studies 50: 343-352.

Wang, Y. [Yu] [et al. 2014], Bräutigam, A., Weber, A. P. M., & Zhu, X.-G. 2014. Three distinct biochemical subtypes of C4 photosynthesis? A modelling analysis. J. Experim. Bot. 65: 3567-3578.

Wang, Y. [Yucheng] [et al. 2021] Pedersen, M. W., Alsos, I. G., de Sanctis, B., Racimo, F., Prohaska, A., Coissac, E., Owens, H. L., Merkel, M. K. F., Fernandez-Guerra, A., Rouillard, A., Lammers, Y., Alberti, A., Denoeud, F., Money, D., Ruter, A. H., McColl, H., Larsen, N. K., Cherezova, A. A., Edwards, M. E., Fedorov, G. B., Halle, J., Orlando, L., Vinner, L., Korneliuseen, T. S., Beilman, D. W., Bjørk, A. A., Cao, J., Dokter, C., Esdale, J., Gusarova, G., Kjeksen, K. K., Mangerud, J., Rasic, J. T., Skadhauge, B., Svendsen, J. I., Tikhonov, A., Wincker, P., Xing, Y., Zhang, Y., Froese, D. G., Rahbek, C., Nogues, D. B., Holden, P. B., Edwards, N. R., Durbin, R., Meltzer, D. J., Kjær, K. H., Möller, P., & Willerslev, E. 2021. Late Quaternary dynamics of Arctic biota from ancient environmental genomics. Nature 600: 86-92.

Wang, Y. [Yunsheng] [et al. 2020], Nie, F., Shhahid, M. Q., & Baloch, F. S. 2020. Molecular footprints of selection effects and whole genome duplication (WGD) events in three blueberry species: Detected by transcriptome dataset. BMC Plant Biol. 20:250. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02461-w

Wang, Y. [Yupeng] [et al. 2016], Ficklin, S. P., Wang, X., Feltus, F. A., & Paterson, A. H. 2016) Large-scale gene relocations following an ancient genome triplication associated with the diversification of core eudicots. PLoS ONE 11(5):e0155637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155637

Wang, Y.-B. [et al. 2020], Liu, B.-B., Nie, Z.-L., Chen, H.-F., Chen, F.-J., Figlar, R. B., & Wen, J. 2020. Major clades and a revised classification of Magnolia and Magnoliaceae based on whole plastid genome sequences via genome skimming. J. Syst. Evol. 58: 673-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse. v58.510.1111/jse.12588.

Wang, Y.-F. [et al. 2003], Li, C.-S., Collinson, M. E., Lin, J., & Sun, Q.-J. 2003. Eucommia (Eucommiaceae), a potential biothermometer for the reconstruction of paleoenvironments. American J. Bot. 90: 1-7.

Wang, Y. H. [et al. 2004], Fritsch, P. W., Shi, S., Almeda, F., Cruz, B. C., & Kelly, L. M. 2004. Phylogeny and infrageneric classification of Symplocos inferred from DNA sequence data. American J. Bot. 91: 1901-1914.

Wang, Y. H. [et al. 2006], He, H., Min, T. L., Zhou, L. H., & Fritsch, P. W. 2006. The phylogenetic position of Apterosperma (Theaceae) based on morphological and karyotype characters. Plant Syst. Evol. 260: 39-52.

Wang, Y. H. [et al. 2015], Lu, L., Fritsch, P. W., Wang, H., Wang, Y.-H., & Li, D.-Z. 2015. Leaf epidermal character variation and evolution in Gaultherieae (Ericaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 178: 686-710.

Wang, Y.-H. [Yin-Huan] [et al. 2017], Qu, X.-J., Chen, S.-Y., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2017. Plastomes of Mimosoideae: Structural and size variation, sequence divergence, and phylogenetic implication. Tree Gen. Genomes 13:41. doi: 10.1007/s11295-017-1124-1

Wang, Y.-H. [Yin-Huan] [et al. 2017], Qu, X.-J., Chen, S.-Y., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2018. Plastid genome evolution in the early-diverging legume subfamily Cercidoideae (Fabaceae). Front. Plant Sci. 9:138. doi: 10.3389/fpls.201800138

Wang, Y.-H. [et al. 2018], Wicke, S., Wang, H., Jin, J.-J., Chen, S.-Y., Zhang, S.-D., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2018. Plastid genome evolution in the early-diverging legume subfamily Cercidoideae (Fabaceae). Front. Plant Sci. 9:138. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00138

Wang, Y.-J. [et al. 2004], Li, X.-J., Hao, G., & Liu, J.-Q. 2004. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Androsace (Primulaceae) and the convergent evolution of cushion morphology. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 42: 481-499. [In Chinese.]

Wang, Y.-J. [et al. 2009], Susanna, A., von Raab-Straube, E., Milne, R., & Liu, J.-Q. 2009. Island-like radiation of Saussurea (Asteraceae: Cardueae) triggered by uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 97: 893-903.

Wang, Y.-L. [et al. 2006], Li, Y., Zhang, S.-Z., & Yo, X.-S. 2006. The utility of matK gene in the phylogenetic analysis of the genus Magnolia. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 44: 135-147. [In Chinese.]

Wang, Y.-Z. [et al. 2010], Liang, R.-H., Wang, B.-H., Li, J.-M., Qiu, Z.-J., Li, Z.-Y., & Weber, A. 2010. Origin and phylogenetic relationships of the Old World Gesneriaceae with actinomorphic flowers inferred from ITS and trnL-trnF sequences. Taxon 59: 1044-1052.

Wang, Y.-Z. [et al. 2011], Mao, R.-B., Liu, Y., Li, J.-M., Dong, Y., Li, Z.-Y., & Smith, J. F. 2011. Phylogenetic reconstruction of Chirita and its allies (Gesneriaceae) with taxonomic treatments. J. Syst. Evol. 49: 50-64.

Wang, Z. [Zefu] [et al. 2022], Kang, M., Li, J., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Chen, C., Yang, Y., & Liu, J. 2022. Genomic evidence for homoploid hybrid speciation between ancestors of two different genera. Nature Communic. 13:1987. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29643-4

Wang, Z. [Zhe] [et al. 2019], Li, X., Liu, N., Peng, Q., Wang, Y., Fan, B., Zhu, C., & Chen Z. 2019. A family of NAI2-interacting proteins in the biogenesis of the ER body and related structures. Plant Physiol. 180: 212-227.

Wang, Z. [Zheng] [et al. 2008], Luo, Y., Wang, L., Xu, S., Yang, J., Weng, L., Sato, S., Tabata, S., Ambrose, M., Rameau, C., Feng, X., Hu, X., & Luo, D. 2008. Genetic control of floral zygomorphy in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 10414-10419.

Wang, Z. [Zihui] [et al. 2023], Jiang, Y., Zhang, M., Chu, C., Chen, Y., Fang, S., Jin, G., Jiang, M., Lian, J., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Ma, K., Mi, X., Qiao, X., Wang, X., Wang, X., Xu, H., Ye, W., Zhu, L., Zhu, Y., He, F., & Kembel, S. W. 2023. Diversity and biogeography of plant phyllosphere bacteria are governed by latitude-dependent mechanisms. New Phytol. 240: 1434-1547.

Wang, Z. [Zhiwen] [et al. 2012], Hobson, N., Galindo, L., Zhu, S., Shi, D., McDill, J., Yang, L., Hawkins, S., Neutelings, G., Datla, R. S. S., Lambert, G., Galbraith, D. W., Grassa, C. J., Geraldes, A., Cronk, Q. C., Cullis, C., Dash, P. K., Kumar, P. A., Cloutier, S., Sharpe, A. G., Wong, G. K.-S., Wang, J. Y., & Deyholos, M. K. 2012. The genome of flax (Linum usitatissimum) assembled de novo from short shotgun sequence reads. Plant J. 72: 461-473. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.05093.x

Wang, Z.-F., & Ren, Y. 2008. Ovule morphogenesis in Ranunculaceae and its systematic significance. Ann. Bot. 101: 447-462.

Wang, Z.-Q. 2004. A new Permian gnetalean cone as fossil evidence for supporting current molecular phylogeny. Ann. Bot. 94: 281-288.

Wanga, V. O. [et al. 2021], Dong, X., Oulo, M. A., Mkala, E. M., Yang, J.-X., Onjalalaina, G. E., Gichua, M. K., Kirika, P. M., Gituru, RW, Hu, G-W., & Wang, Q-F. 2021. Complete chloroplast genomes of Acanthochlamys bracteata (China) and Xerophyta (Africa) (Velloziaceae): Comparative genomics and phylogenomic placement. Front. Plant Sci. 12:691833. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.691833

Wangerin, W. 1906. Die Umgrenzung und Gliederung der Familie der Cornaceae. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 38, Beibl. 86: 1-88.

Wanke, S. [et al. 2006a], Samain, M.-S., Vanderschaeve, L., Mathieu, G., Goetghebeur, P., & Neinhuis, C. 2006a. Phylogeny of the genus Peperomia (Piperaceae) inferred from the trnK/matK region (cpDNA). Plant Biol. 8: 93-102.

Wanke, S. [et al. 2006b], González, & Neinhuis, C. 2006b. Systematics of pipevines: Combining morphological and fast-evolving molecular charaters to investigate the relationships within subfamily Aristolochioideae (Aristolochiaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 1215-1227.

Wanke, S. [et al. 2007a], Jaramillo, M. A., Borsch, T., Samain, M.-S., Quandt, D., & Neinhuis, C. 2007a. Evolution of Piperales - matK gene and trnK intron sequence data reveal lineage specific resolution contrast. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 42: 477-497.

Wanke, S. [et al. 2007b], Vanderschaeve, L., Mathieu, G., Neinhuis, C., Goetghebeur, P., & Samain, M. S. 2007b. From forgotten taxon to a missing link? The position of the genus Verhuellia (Piperaceae) revealed by molecules. Ann. Bot. 99: 1231-1238.

Wanke, S. [et al. 2017], Granados Mendoza, C., Müller, S., Paizanni Guillén, A., Neinhuis, C., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon, E. M., & Samain, M.-S. 2017. Recalcitrant deep and shallow nodes in Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) illuminated using anchored hybrid enrichment. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 117: 111-123.

Wannan, B. S. 2006. Analysis of generic relationships in Anacardiaceae. Blumea 51: 165-195.

Wannan, B. S., & Quinn, C. J. 1990. Pericarp structure and generic affinities in the Anacardiaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 102: 225-252.

Wannan, B. S., & Quinn, C. J. 1991. Floral structure and evolution in the Anacardiaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 107: 349-385.

Wanntorp, L. 2006. Molecular systematics and evolution of the genus Gunnera. Pp. 419-435, in Sharma A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, Part C. Phanerogams (Angiosperm-Dicotyledons). Science Publishers, Enfield, NH.

Wanntorp, L. 2009. Phylogenetic systematics of Hoya (Apocynaceae). Blumea 54: 228-232.

Wanntorp, L., & Anderberg, A. A. 2011. Evolution and diversification of brook weeds (Samolus, Samolaceae, Ericales). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 172: 250-266.

Wanntorp, L., & Forster, P. I. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships between Hoya and the monotypic genera Madangia, Absolmsia, and Micholitzia (Apocynaceae, Marsdenieae): Insights from flower morphology. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 36-55.

Wanntorp, L., & Kunze, H. 2009. Identifying synapomorphies in the flowers of Hoya and Dischidia - towards phylogenetic understanding. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 170: 331-342.

Wanntorp, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2005. The Gunnera flower: Key to eudicot diversification or response to pollination mode? Internat. J. Plant Sci. 166: 945-953.

Wanntorp, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2007. Flower development of Meliosma (Sabiaceae): Evidence for multiple origins of pentamery in the eudicots. American J. Bot. 94: 1828-1836.

Wanntorp, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2009. Perianth evolution in the sandalwood order Santalales. American J. Bot. 96: 1361-1371.

Wanntorp, L., & Wanntorp, H.-E. 2003. The biogeography of Gunnera L.: Vicariance and dispersal. J. Biogeog. 30: 979-987.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2001], Wanntorp, H.-E., Oxelman, B., & Källersjö, M. 2001. Phylogeny of Gunnera. Plant Syst. Evol. 226: 85-107.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2002], Wanntorp, H.-E., & Källersjö, M. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of Gunnera based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region, rbcL and rps16 intron sequences. Syst. Bot. 27: 512-521.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2003], Wanntorp, H.-E., & Rutishauser, R. 2003. On the homology of the scales in Gunnera (Gunneraceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 142: 301-308.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2004a], Praglowski, J., & Grafström, E. 2004a. New insights into the pollen morphology of the genus Gunnera (Gunneraceae). Grana 43: 15-21.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2004b], Dettmann, M. E., & Jarzen, D. M. 2004b. Tracking the Mesozoic distribution of Gunnera: Comparison with the fossil pollen species Tricolpites reticulatus Coookson. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 132: 163-174.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2006a], Kocyan, A., & Renner, S. S. 2006a. Wax plants disentangled: A phylogeny of Hoya (Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 39: 722-733.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2006b], Kocyan, A., van Donkelaar, R., & Renner, S. S. 2006b. Towards a monophyletic Hoya (Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae): Inferences from the chloroplast trnL region and the rbcL-atpB spacer. Syst. Bot. 31: 586-596.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2011a], Gotthardt, K., & Muellner, A. N. 2011. Revisiting the wax plants (Hoya, Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae): Phylogenetic tree using the matK gene and the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer. Taxon 60: 4-14.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2011b], Puglisi, C., Penneys, D., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2011b. Multiplications of floral organs in flowers: A case study in Conostegia (Melastomataceae, Myrtales). Pp. 218-235, in Wanntorp, L., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. (eds), Flowers on the Tree of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 80.]

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2012], Ronse De Craene, L. P., Peng, C.-I., & Anderberg, A. A. 2012. Floral ontogeny and morphology of Stimpsonia and Ardisiandra, two aberrant genera of the primuloid clade of Ericales. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 173: 1023-1035.

Wanntorp, L. [et al. 2014], Grudinski, M., Forster, P. I., Muellner-Riehl, A., & Grimm, G. W. 2014. Wax plants (Hoya, Apocynaceae) evolution: Epiphytism drives successful radiation. Taxon 63: 89-102.

Wantongsuk, B. [et al. 2024], Parnell, J. A. N., & Prajaksood, A. 2024. Seed morphology of Eriocaulon (Eriocaulaceae) in Thailand. Kew Bull. 79: 371-408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10161-5

Wappler, T. [et al. 2009], Currano, E. D., Wilf, P., Rust, J., & Labandeira, C. C. 2009. No post-Cretaceous ecosystem depression in European forests? Rich insect-feeding damage on diverse middle Palaeocene plants, Menat, France. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 4271-4277.

Warburg, O. 1896. Sabiaceae. Pp. 367-374, in Engler, H. G. A., & Prantl, K. (eds), Die natürliche Pflanzenfamilien, T. 3(4). Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.

Warcup, J. H. 1990. The mycorrhizal associations of Australian Inuleae (Asteraceae). Muelleria 7: 179-187.

Ward, A. K. G. [et al. 2023], Zhang, Y. M., Brown, G. E., Hippee, A. C., Prior, K. M., Rollins, S., Sierra, N., Sheikh, S. I., Tribull, C. M., Forbes, A. A. 2024 [= 2023]. Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace. Evolution 78: 174-187. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpad202

Ward, E. B. [et al. 2021], Duguid, M. C., Kuebbing, S. E., Lendemer, J. C., Warren, R. J. II, & Bradford, M. A. 2021. Ericoid mycorrhizal shrubs alter the relationship between tree mycorrhizal dominance and soil carbon and nitrogen. J. Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13734

Ward, J. [et al. 2009], Bayer, R. J., Breitweiser, I., Smissen, R., Galbany, M., & Unwin, M. 2009. Gnaphalieae. Pp. 539-588, in Funk, V. A., Susanna, A., Stuessy, T. F. & Bayer, R. J. (eds), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae. I.A.P.T., Vienna.

Ward, J. V., & Doyle, J. A. 1994. Ultrastructure and relationships of mid-Cretaceous polyporate and triporate pollen from northern Gondwana. Pp. 161-172, in Kurmann, M. H., & Doyle, J. A. (eds), Ultrastructure of Fossil Spores and Pollen. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Ward, L. K. [et al. 2003], Hackshaw, A., & Clarke, R. T. 2003. Do food plant preferences of modern families of phytophagous insects and mites reflect past evolution with plants? Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 78: 51-83.

Ward, N. M., & Price, R. A. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of Marcgraviaceae: Insights from three chloroplast genes. Syst. Bot. 27: 149-160.

Ward, P. D. [et al. 2005], Botha, J., Buick, R., de Kock, M. O., Erwin, D. H., Garrison, G. H., Kirschvink, J. L., & Smith, R. 2005. Abrupt and gradual extinction among Late Permian land vertebrates in the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Science 307: 709-714.

Ward, P. S. 2014. The phylogeny and evolution of ants. Ann. Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 45: 23-43.

Ward, P. S., & Branstetter, M. G. 2017. The acaia ants revisited: Convergent evolution and biogeographic context in an iconic ant/plant mutualism. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 284:20162569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2569

Ward, P. S. [et al. 2015], Brady, S. G., Fisher, B. L., & Schultz, T. R. 2015. The evolution of myrmicine ants: Phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Syst. Entom. 40: 61-81.

Ward, R. G., & Brookfield, M. 1992. The dispersal of the coconut: Did it float, or was it carried to Panama? J. Biogeog. 19: 467-480.

Wardlaw, C. W. 1955. Embryogenesis in Plants. Methuen, London.

Wardlaw, C. W. 1957. Experimental and analytical studies of pteridophytes XXXVII. A note on the inception of microphylls and macrophylls. Ann. Bot. N.S. 21: 427-437, pl. 16.

Wardle, D. A., & Lindahl, B. D. 2014. Disentanglangling global soil fungal diversity. Science 346: 1052-1053.

Wardle, D. A. [et al. 2002], Bonner, K. I., & Barker, G. M. 2002. Linkages between plant litter decomposition, litter quality, and vegetation responses to herbivores. Funct. Ecol. 16: 585-595.

Wardle, D. A. [et al. 2004], Bardgett, R. D., Klironomos, J. N., Setälä, H., van der Putten, W. H., & Wall, D. H. 2004. Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota. Science 304: 1629-1633.

Wardle, D. A. [et al. 2008], Wiser, S. K., Allen, R. B., Doherty, J. E., Bonner, K. I., & Williamson, W. M. 2008. Aboveground and belowground effects of single-tree removals in New Zealand rain forest. Ecology 89: 1232-1245.

Warming, E. 1875. Vochysiaceae et Trigoniaceae. Pp. 17-143 + pl. 2-27, in Eichler, A. W. (ed.), Flora brasiliensis, Vol. 13(2), fasc. 67.

Warming, E. 1878. De l'ovule. Ann Sci. Natur. Bot. Sér. 6, 5: 177-266.

Warming, E. 1913. Observations sur la valeur systématique de l'ovule. Pp. 1-45, in Mindeskrift for Japetus Steenstrup, XXIV. Lunos, Copenhagen.

Warner, K. A. [et al. 2008], Rudall, P. J., & Frohlich, M. W. 2008. Differentiation of perianth organs in Nymphaeales. Taxon 57: 1096-1109.

Warner, K. A. [et al. 2009], Rudall, P. J., & Frohlich, M. W. 2009. Environmental control of sepalness and petalness in perianth organs of waterlilies: A new Mosaic Theory for the evolution of a differentiated perianth. J. Experimen. Bot. 60: 3559-3574.

Warnock, R. C. M. [et al. 2014], Parham, J. F., Joyce, W. G., Lyson, T. R., & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2014. Calibration uncertainty in molecular dating analyses: There is no substitution for the prior evaluation of time priors. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 282:20141013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1013

Warnock, R. C. M. [et al. 2017], Yang, Z., & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2017. Testing the molecular clock using mechanistic models of fossil preservation and molecular evolution. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 284:20170227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0227

Warren, A. D. [et al. 2009], Ogawa, J. R., & Brower, A. V. Z. 2009. Revised classification of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) based on combined molecular and morphological data. Syst. Entomol. 34: 467-523.

Warren, B. H., & Hawkins, J. A. 2006. The distribution of species diversity across a flora's component lineages: Dating the Cape's 'relicts'. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 273: 2149-2158.

Warshan, D. [et al. 2018], Liaimer, A., Pederson, E., Kim, S.-Y., Shapiro, N.,Woyke, T. Altermark, B., Pawlowski, K., Weyman, P. D., Dupont, C. L., & Rasmussen, U. 2018. Genomic changes associated with the evolutionary transitions of Nostoc to a plant symbiont. Molec. Biol. Evol. 35: 1160-1175.

Warren, R. J. II [et al. 2022], Guiguet, A., Mokadam, C., Tooker, J. F., & Deans, A. R. 2022. Oak galls exhibit ant-dispersal convergent with myrmecochorous seeds. American Natural. 200(2). https://doi.org/10.1086/720283

Warschefsky, E. J. [et al. 2016], Klein, L. L., Frank, M. H., Chitwood, D. H., Londo, J. P., von Wettberg, E. J. B., & Miller, A. J. 2016. Rootstocks: Diversity, domestication, and impacts on shoot phenotypes Trends Plant Sci. 21: 418-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.11.008

Warwick, S. I., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2006. Brassicaceae: Chromosome number index and database on CD-Rom. Plant Syst. Evol. 259: 237-248.

Warwick, S. I., & Black, L. D. 1997. Phylogenetic implications of chloroplast DNA restriction site variation in subtribes Raphinae and Cakilinae (Brassicaceae, tribe Brassiceae). Canadian J. Bot. 75: 960-973.

Warwick, S. I., & Sauder, C. A. 2005. Phylogeny of the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Canadian J. Bot. 83: 467-483.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2002], Al-Shehbaz, I. A., Price, R. A., & Sauder, C. A. 2002. Phylogeny of Sisymbrium based on ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Canadian J. Bot. 80: 1002-10017.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2006a], Sauder, C. A., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2006a. Molecular phylogeny, morphology and cytological diversity of Sisymbrium (Brassicaceae). Pp. 218-250, in Sharma A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, Part C. Phanerogams (Angiosperm-Dicotyledons). Science Publishers, Enfield, NH.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2006b], Francis, A., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2006b. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Plant Syst. Evol. 259: 249-258.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2007], Sauder, C. A., Al-Shehbaz, I. A., & Jacquemond, F. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships in the tribes Anchonieae, Chorisporeae, Euclidieae and Hesperideae (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS DNA sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 56-78.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2008], Sauder, C. A., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Alysseae (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS DNA sequences. Botany 86: 315-336.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2009], Sauder, C. A., Mayer, M. S., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships in the tribes Schizopetaleae and Thelypodieae (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS region and plastid ndhF DNA sequences. Botany 87: 961-985.

Warwick, S. I. [et al. 2010], Mummenhoff, K., Sauder, C. A., Koch, M. A., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2010. Closing the gaps: Phylogenetic relationships in the Brassicaceae based on DNA sequence data of nuclear ribosomal ITS region. Plant Syst. Evol. 285: 209-232.

Waselkov, K. E. [et al. 2018], Boleda, A. S., & Olsen, K. M. 2018. A phylogeny of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) based on several low-copy nuclear loci and chloroplast regions. Syst. Bot. 43: 439-458.

Waser, N. M., & Ollerton, J. (eds). 2006. Plant-Pollinator Interactions: From Specialization to Generalization. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Waser, N. M. [et al. 1996], Chittka, L., Price, M. V., Williams, N. M., & Ollerton, J. 1996. Generalization in pollination systems, and why it matters. Ecology 77: 1043-1060.

Waser, N. M. [et al. 2018], CaraDonna, P. J., & Price, M. V. 2018. Atypical flowers can be as profitable as typical hummingbird flowers. American Naturalist 192: 644-653.

Washburn, J. D. [et al. 2015], Schnable, J. C., Davidse, G., & Pires, J. C. 2015. Phylogeny and photosynthesis of the grass tribe Paniceae. American J. Bot. 102: 1493-1505.

Wassen, M. J. [et al. 2005], Venterink, H. O., Lapshina, E. D., & Tannenberger, F. 2005. Endangered plants persist under phosphorus limitation. Nature 437: 547-550.

Wasserthal, L. T. 1997. The pollinators of the Malagasy star orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Bot. Acta 110: 343-359.

Wassmer, A. 1955. Vergleichend-morphologische Untersuchungen an der Blüten der Crassulaceen. Dissertation, Philosophischen Fakultät II, Universität, Zürich. Keller, Winterthur.

Wasteneys, G. O. 2002. Microtubule organization in the green kingdom: Chaos or self-order? J. Cell Sci. 115: 1345-1354.

Wasternack, C., & Hause, B. 2013. Jasmonates: Biosynthesis, perception, signal transduction and action in plant stress response, growth and development: An update to the 2007 review in Annals of Botany. Ann. Bot. 111: 1021-1058.

Watanabe, K. [Kiyohiko] 1936. Morphologische-biologische Studien über die Gattung Mitrastemon I. J. Japanese Bot. 12: 603-618; ibid. II, 698-711; ibid. III, 759-773; ibid. IV, 848-858.

Watanabe, K. 1937. Morphologische-biologische Studien über die Gattung Mitrastemon V. J. Japanese Bot. 13: 14-24; ibid. VI, 75-86; ibid. VII, 154-162.

Watanabe, K. 1943. Morphologische-biologische Studien über Schoepfia jasminodora Sieb. & Zucc. (Olacaceae). J. Japanese Bot. 19: 284-292. [In Japanese.]

Watanabe, K. [Kuniaki] 2015. Index to chromosome numbers in Asteraceae. http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/infolib/meta_pub/G0000003asteraceae_e

Watanabe, K. [et al. 2007], Yahara, T., Hashimoto, G., Nagatani, Y., Soejima, A., Kawahara, T., & Nakazawa, M. 2007. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes in Asteraceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 643-654.

Watanabe, M. [et al. 2008], Suzuki, G., & Takayama, S. 2008. Milesones identifying self-incompatability genes in Brassica species: From old stories to new findings. Pp. 151-172, in Franklin-Tong, V. E. (ed.), Self Incompatability in Flowering Plants: Evolution, Diversity, and Mechanisms. Springer, Berlin.

Watanabe, M. T. C. [et al. 2015], Hensold, N., & Sano, P. T. 2015. Syngonanthus androgynus, a striking new species from South America, its phylogenetic placement and implications for evolution of bisexuality in Eriocaulaceae. PLoS ONE 2015(10):e0141187. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141187

Watanabe, S. T. [et al. 2021], Hayashi, K., Arakawa, K., Fuse, S., Nagamasu, H., Ikeda, H., Kuyama, A., Suksathan, P., Poopath, M., Pooma, R., Yang, Y.-P., & Tamura, M. N. 2021. Biosystematic studies on Lilium (Liliaceae) I. Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences and a revised infrageneric classification. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 72: 179-204. doi: 10.18942/apg.202107

Watari, S. 1934. Anatomical studies on some leguminous leaves with special reference to the vascular system in petioles and rachises. J. Fac. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. III, Bot. 4: 225-365, pl. 5-8.

Watari, S. 1939. Anatomical studies on the leaves of some saxifragaceous plants, with special reference to the vascular system. J. Fac. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. III, Bot. 5: 195-316.

Watcharamongkol, T. [et al. 2018], Christin, P.-A., & Osborne, C. P. 2018. C4 photosynthesis evolved in warm climates but promoted migration to cooler ones. Ecol. Lett. 21: 376-383.

Waterhouse, J. T., & Quinn, C. J. 1978. Growth patterns in the stem of the palm Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 77: 73-93.

Waterman, P. G. 1975. Alkaloids of the Rutaceae: Their distribution and systematic significance. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 3: 149-180.

Waterman, P. G. 1983. Phylogenetic implications of the distribution of secondary metabolites within the Rutales. pp. 377-400, in Waterman, P. G., & Grundon, M. F. (eds), Chemistry and Chemical Taxonomy of the Rutales. Academic Press, London.

Waterman, P. G. 1993. Phytochemical diversity in the order Rutales. Pp. 203-233, in Downum, K. R., Romero, J. T., & Stafford, H. A. (eds), Phytochemical Potential of Tropical Plants. Plenum, New York. [Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 27.]

Waterman, P. G. 1994. Costs and benefits of secondary metabolites to the Leguminosae. Pp. 129-149, in Sprent, J. I., & McKey, D. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics 5: The Nitrogen Factor. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Waterman, P. G. 1999. The chemical systematics of alkaloids: A review emphasising the contribution of Robert Hegnauer. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 27: 395-406.

Waterman, P. G. 2005. Diversity in secondary metabolism in plants. Pp. 229-247, in Henry, R. J. (ed.), Plant Diversity and Evolution: Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation in Higher Plants. CAB International, Wallingford.

Waterman, P. G. 2007. The current status of chemical systematics. Phytochem. 68: 2896-2903.

Waterman, P. G., & Grundon, M. F. (eds). 1983. Chemistry and Chemical Taxonomy of the Rutales. Academic Press, London.

Waterman, R. J. [et al. 2009], Pauw, A., Barraclough, T. G., & Savoilainen, V. 2009. Pollinators underestimated: A molecular phylogeny reveals widespread convergence in oil-secreting orchids (sub-tribe Coryciinae) of the Cape of South Africa. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 51: 100-110.

Waterman, R. J. [et al. 2011], Bidartondo, M. I., Stofberg, J., Combs, J. K., Genauer, G., Savoilainen, V., Barraclough, T. G., & Pauw, A. 2011. The effects of above- and belowground mutualisms on orchid speciation and coexistence. American Naturalist 177: E54-E68.

Waterman, R. J. [et al. 2013], Klooster, M. R., Hentrich, H., & Bidartondo, M. I. 2013. Species interactions of mycoheterotrophic plants: Specialization and its potential consequences. Pp. 267-296. in Merckx, V. S. F. T. (ed.), The Biology of Plants Living on Fungi. Springer, New York.

Waters, E. R. 2003. Molecular adaptation and the origin of land plants. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 29: 456-463.

Waters, J. M., & Craw, D. 2006. Goodbye Gondwana? New Zealand biogeography, geology, and the problem of circularity. Syst. Biol. 55: 351-356.

Waters, J. M. [et al. 2013], Trewick, S. A., Paterson, A. M., Spencer, H. G., Kennedy, M., Craw, D., Burridge, C. P., & Wallis, G. P. 2013. Biogeography off the tracks. Syst Biol. 62: 494-498.

Waterway, M. J., & Starr, J. R. 2007 [2008]. Phylogenetic relationships in tribe Cariceae (Cyperaceae) based on nested analyses of four molecular data sets. Pp. 165-192, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Poales.. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 23: 165-192.]

Waterway, M. J. [et al. 2009], Hoshino, T., & Masaki, T. 2009. Phylogeny, species richness, and ecological specialization in Cyperaceae tribe Cariceae. Bot. Review 75: 138-159.

Waterway, M. J. [et al. 2016], Martins, K. T., Dabros, A., Prado, A., & Lechowicz, M. J. 2016. Ecological and evolutionary diversification within the genus Carex (Cyperaceae): Consequences for community assembly in subarctic fens. Syst. Bot. 41: 558-579.

Watling, J. [et al. 2017a], Iriarte, J., Mayle, F. E., Schaan, D., Pessenda, L. C. R., Loader, N. J., Street-Perrott, F. A., Dickau, R. E., Damasceno, A., & Ranz, A. 2017a. Impact of pre-Columbian 'geoglyph' builders on Amazonian forests. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114: 1868-1873. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1614359114

Watling, J. [et al. 2017b], Iriarte, J., Mayle, F. E., Schaan, D., Pessenda, L. C. R., Loader, N. J., Street-Perrott, F. A., Dickau, R. E., Damasceno, A., & Ranz, A. 2017b. Reply to Piperno et al.: It is too soon to argue for localized, short-term human impacts in interfluvial Amazonia. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114:E4120-E4121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1705697114

Watkins, J. E. Jr., & Cardelús, C. L. 2012. Ferns in an angiosperm world: Cretaceous radiation into the epiphytic niche and diversification on the forest floor. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 173: 695-710.

Watkins, J. E. Jr., & Moran, R. C. 2019. Gametophytes of the fern genera Dracoglossum and Lomariopsis (Lomariopsidaceae) and their phylogenetic significance. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 180: 1004-1015.

Watkins, J. E. Jr. [et al. 2007a], Mack, M. C., Sinclair, T. R., & Mulkey, S. S. 2007a. Ecological and evolutionary consequences of desiccation tolerance in tropical fern gametophytes. New Phytol. 176: 708-717.

Watkins, J. E. Jr. [et al. 2007b], Mack, M. K., & Mulkey, S. S. 2007b. Gametophyte ecology and demography of epiphytic and terrestrial tropical ferns. American J. Bot. 94: 701-708.

Watkins, J. E. Jr. [et al. 2010], Holbrook, N. M., & Zwieniecki, M. A. 2010. Hydraulic properties of fern sporophytes: Consequences for ecological and evolutionary diversification. American J. Bot. 97: 2007-2019.

Watling, J. R. [et al. 2006], Robinson, S. A., & Seymour, R. S. 2006. Contribution of the alternative pathway to respiration during thermogenesis in flowers of the Sacred Lotus. Plant. Physiol. 140: 1367-1373.

Watson, A. J., & Lovelock, J. E. 2013. The dependence of flame spread and probability of ignition on atmospheric oxygen. Pp. 273-287, in Belcher, C. M. (ed.), Fire Phenomena and the Earth System: An Interdisciplinary Guide to Fire Science. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.

Watson, D. M. 2001. Mistletoe: A keystone resource in forests and woodlands worldwide. Annual Review Ecol. Syst. 32: 219-249.

Watson, D. M. 2004. Mistletoe — a unique constituent of canopies worldwide. Pp. 212-223, in Loman, M., & Rinker, B. (eds), Forest Canopies. Ed. 2. Elsevier Academic Press, Boston.

Watson, D. M. 2009. Parasitic plants as facilitators: More Dryad than Dracula? J. Ecol. 97: 1151-1159.

Watson, D. H. 2020. Did mammals bring the first mistletoes into the treetops? American Naturalist 196: 769-774.

Watson, D. M., & Herring, M. 2012. Mistletoe as a keystone resource: An experimental test. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 279: 3905-3913.

Watson, D. M., & Rawsthorne, J. 2011. Mistletoe specialist frugivores: Diligent dispersers or self-serving free-loaders? P. 17, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Watson, D. M., & Rawsthorne, J. 2013. Mistletoe specialist frugivores: Latterday 'Johnny Appleseeds' or self-serving market gardeners? Oecologia 172: 924-932.

Watson, D. M. [et al. 2011], McGregor, H. W., & Spooner, P. G. 2011. Hemiparasitic shrubs increase resource availability and multi-trophic diversity of eucalypt forest birds. Functional Ecol. 25: 889-899.

Watson, D. M. [et al. 2022], McLellan, R. C., & Fontúrbel, F. E. 2022. Functional roles of parasitic plants in a warming world. Annual Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 53: 25-45.

Watson, J. M., & Flores, A. R. 2010a. Tropaeolum section Chilensia: An overview. Curtis's Bot. Mag. 27: 197-234.

Watson, J. M., & Flores, A. R. 2010b. A synopsis of perennial tuberous Tropaeolum L. section Chilensia Sparre (Tropaeolaceae), including validation of three subsections and a new, reclassified natural hybrid. Herbertia 64: 150-281.

Watson, J. M. [J. Mathew] & Riha, K. 2011. Telomeres, aging, and plants: From weeds to Methuselah — a mini-review. Gerontology 57: 129–136. doi: 10.1159/000310174

Watson, J. M. [John Michael] [et al. 2022], Flores, A. R., Nicola, M. V., & Marcussen, T. 2022. Viola Sect. Andinium, Preliminary Monograph. Ed. 2. Scottish Rock Garden Club with International Rock Gardener.

Watson, L., & Dallwitz, M. 1992a onwards. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy/The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. delta-intkey.com

Watson, L., & Dallwitz, M. 1992b onwards. Grass Genera of the World: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. http://delta-intkey.com

Watson, L. E. [et al. 2020], Siniscalchi, C. M., & Mandel, J. 2020. Phylogenomics of the hyperdiverse daisy tribes: Anthemideae, Astereae, Calenduleae, Gnaphalieae and Senecioneae. J. Syst. Evol. 58: 841-852.

Watt, M., & Evans, J. R. 1999. Proteoid roots. Physiology and development. Plant Physiol. 121: 317-323.

Wattendorff, J. 1976. A third type of raphide crystal in the plant kingdom: Six-sided raphides with laminated sheaths in Agave americana L.. Plants 130: 303-311.

Watts, S., & Kariyat, R. 2021. Morphological characterization of trichomes show enormous variation in shape, density, and dimensions across the leaves of 14 Solanum species. AoB PLANTS 13(6):plab071.

Watts, S., & Kariyat, R. 2023 [= 2022]. Are epicuticular waxes a surface defense comparable to trichomes? A test using two Solanum species and a specialist herbivore. Botany 101:. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0206

Wawra von Fernsee, H. 1886. Ternstroemiaceae. Pp. 262-334 + pl. 52-68, in Urban, I. (ed.), Flora brasiliensis. Vol. 12(1).

Waycott, M. [et al. 2006], Procaccini, G., Les, D. H., & Reusch, T. B. H. 2006. Seagrass evolution, ecology and conservation: A genetic perspective. Pp. 25-50, in Larkum, A. W. D., Orth, R. J., & Duarte, C. M. (eds), Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Springer, Dordrecht.

Waycott, M. [et al. 2018], Biffen, E., & Les, D. 2018. Systematics and evolution of Australian seagrasses in a global context. Pp. 129-154, in Larkum, A. W. D., Kendrick, G. A., & Ralph, P. J. (eds), Seagrasses of Australia — Structure, Ecology and Conservation. Springer International, Switzerland.

Wayman, K. A. [et al. 2010], de Lange, P. J., Larsen, L., Sansom, C. E., Perry, N. B. 2010. Chemotaxonomy of Pseudowintera: Sesquiterpene dialdeyde variants are species markers. Phytochem. 71: 766-772.

Wcislo, W. T., & Cane, J. H. 1996. Floral resource utilization by solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and exploitation of their stored foods by natural enemies. Annual Review Entomol. 41: 257-286.

Wearn, J. A. [et val. 2013], Chase, m. W., Mabberley, D. J., & Couch, C. 2013. Utilizing a phylogenetic plant classification for systematic arrangements in botanic gardens and herbaria. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 172: 127-141.

Webb, C. O., & Ree, R. 2012. Historical biogeography inference in Malesia. Pp. 191-215, in Gower, D. J., Johnson, K. G., Richardson, J. E., Rosen, B. R., Rüber, L., & Williams, S. T. (eds), Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 82.]

Webb, D. A., & Gornall, R. J. 1989. A Manual of Saxifragas and Their Cultivation. Timber Press, Portland.

Webb, L. J. 1954. Aluminium accumulation in the Australian - New Guinea flora. Australian J. Bot. 2: 176-196.

Webb, L. J. 1959. A physiognomic classification of Australian rainforests. J. Ecol. 47: 551-570.

Webb, M. C., & Gunning, B. E. S. 1991. The microtubular cytoskeleton during development of the zygote, proemhryo [sic] and free-nuclear endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.. Planta 184: 187-196.

Webb, T. III. 1988. [Glacial and Holocene vegetation history.] Eastern North America. Pp. 385-414, in Huntley, B., & Webb, T. III (eds), Vegetation History. Kluwer Acacdeic, Amsterdam. [Handbook of Vegetation Science, vol. 7.]

Webber, B. L., & McKey, D. 2009. Cyanogenic myrmecophytes, redundant defence mechanisms and complementary defence syndromes: Revisiting the Neotropical ant-acacias. New Phytol. 182: 792-794.

Webber, B. L., & Miller, R. E. 2008. Gynocardin from Baileyoxylon lanceolatum and a revision of cyanogenic glycosides in Achariaceae. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 36: 545-553.

Webber, B. L., & Woodrow, I. E. 2004. Cassowary frugivory, seed defleshing and fruit fly infestation influence the transition from seed to seedling in the rare Australian rainforest tree, Ryparosa sp. nov. 1 (Achariaceae). Funct. plant Biol. 31: 505-516.

Webber, B. L. [et al. 2007], Moog, J., Curtis, A. S. O., & Woodrow, I. E. 2007. The diversity of ant-plant interactions in the rainforest understorey tree, Ryparosa (Achariaceae): Food bodies, domatia, prostomata, and hemipteran trophobionts. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 154: 353-371.

Webber, I. E. 1934. Bearing of upright ray cells in the wood of Hibiscus mutabilis L. on U.S.A.ge of the term tile cell. Trop. Woods 37: 9-13.

Webber, I. E. 1936. Systematic anatomy of the woods of the Simaroubaceae. American J. Bot. 23: 577-587.

Weber, A. 1971. Zur morphologie des Gynoeceums der Gesneriaceen. Österreichische Bot. Zeit. 119: 234-305.

Weber, A. 1973. Die Struktur der paarblütigen Partialfloreszenzen der Gesneriaceen und bestimmter Scrophulariaceen. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 49: 429-460.

Weber, A. 1978. Beiträge zur Morpholgie und Systematik der Klugieae und Loxonieae (Gesneriaceae). VII. Sproß-, Infloreszenz- und Blütenbau von Rhynchoglossum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 99: 1-47.

Weber, A. 1989. Family position and conjectural affinities of Charadrophila capensis Marloth. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 111: 87-119.

Weber, A. 2004a. Gesneriaceae. Pp. 63-158, in Kadereit, J. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Weber, A. 2004b. Gesneriaceae and Scrophulariaceae: Robert Brown and now. Telopea 10: 543-571.

Weber, A. 2004c. What is morphology and why is it time for its renaissance in plant systematics? Pp. 3-31, in Stuessy, T. F., Mayer, V., & Hörandl, E. (eds), Deep Morphology: Toward a Renaissance of Morphology in Plant Systematics. A. R. G. Gantner, Ruggell, Liechtenstein.

Weber, A. 2011. Gesneriaceae: A scientific perspective. See The Gesneriad Reference Web

Weber, A. 2013. Pair-flowered cymes in the Lamiales: Structure, distribution and origin. Ann. Bot. 112: 1577-1595.

Weber, A., & Burtt, B. L. 1997 [= 1998]. Remodelling of Didymocarpus and associated genera (Gesneriaceae). Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 70: 293-363.

Weber, A., & Skog, L. E. 2007 onwards. The Genera of Gesneriaceae. Basic Information with Illustration of Selected Species. Ed. 2. http://www.genera-gesneriaceae.at

Weber, A. [et al. 2011], Middleton, D. J., Forrest, A., Kiew, R., Lim, C. L., Rafidah, A. R., Sontag, S., Triboun, P., Wei, Y.-G., Yao, T. L., & Möller, M. 2011. Molecular systematics and remodelling of Chirita and associated genera (Gesneriaceae). Taxon 60: 767-790.

Weber, A. [et al. 2013], Clark, J. L., & Möller, M. 2013. A new formal classification of Gesneriaceae. Selbyana 31: 68-94.

Weber, A. [et al. 2018], Gerlach, G., & Dötterl, S. 2019 [= 2018]. Die großen wissenschaftlichen Leistungen von Stefan Vogel (1925-2015) Teil 5a. Öl stat Nektar - die Õlblumen (Allgemeine Aspekte). Palmengarten 82: 49-61. https://doi.org/10.21248/palmengarten.461

Weber, A. [et al. 2018], Gerlach, G., & Dötterl, S. 2019 [= 2018]. Die großen wissenschaftlichen Leistungen von Stefan Vogel (1925-2015) Teil 5b. Öl stat Nektar - die Õlblumen (dikotyle Vertreter). Palmengarten

Weber, A. [et al. 2018], Gerlach, G., & Dötterl, S. 2019 [= 2018]. Die großen wissenschaftlichen Leistungen von Stefan Vogel (1925-2015) Teil 5c. Öl stat Nektar - die Õlblumen (monokotyle Vertreter und abschließende Bemerkungen. Palmengarten

Weber, A. [et al 2020], Middleton, D. J., Clark, J. L., & Möller, M. 2020. Keys to the infrafamilial taxa and genera of Gesneriaceae. Rheedea 30: 5-47.

Weber, H. C. 1981. Orchideen auf dem Weg zum Parasitismus? Über die Möglichkeiten einer phylogenetischen Umkonstruktion der Infektionsorgane von Corallorhiza trifida Chat. (Orchidaceae) zu Kontaktorganen parasitischer Blütenpflanzen. Ber. Deutsche Bot. Gesell. 94: 275-286.

Weber, H. C. 1984. Untersuchungen an australischen und neuseelandischen Loranthaceae/Viscaceae. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 59: 303-320.

Weber, H. C. 1986. Granulahaltige Xylem-Leitbahnen und andere den Santalales ähnliche anatomische Strukturen in den haustorialen Knollen von Mystropetalon thomii (Balanophoraceae). Flora 178: 315-328.

Weber, M., & Halbritter, H. 2007. Exploding pollen in Montrichardia arborescens (Araceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 263: 51-57.

Weber, M., & Ulrich, S. 2010. The endexine: A frequently overlooked pollen wall layer and a simple method for detection. Grana 49: 83-90.

Weber, M., & Ulrich, S. 2017. PalDat 3.0 - Second revision of the database, including a free online publication tool. Grana 56: 257-262.

Weber, M. [et al. 1999], Halbritter, H., & Hesse, M. 1999. The basic pollen wall types in Araceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 160: 415-423.

Weber, M. G., & Agrawal, A. A. 2014. Defense mutualisms enhance plant diversification. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 111: 16442-16447.

Weber, M. G., & Keeler, K. H. 2013. The phylogenetic distribution of extrafloral nectaries in plants. Ann. Bot. 111: 1251-1261.

Weber, M. G. [et al. 2015], Porturas, L. D., & Keeler, K. H. 2015. World List of Plants with Extrafloral Nectaries.

Weber, X. A., & Schmidt-Lebhn, A. N. 2015. Generic boundaries of Leucochrysum and Waitzia (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae). Australian Syst. Bot. 28: 203-218.

Weberbauer, A. 1898. Beiträge zur Anatomie der Kapselfrüchte. Bot. Centralbl. 73: 54-59, 97-105, 135-142, 161-168, 183-202, 250-257, 296-303, Taf. 1-2 ≡ 3-4.

Weberling, F. 1957. Morphologische Untersuchungen zur Systematik der Caprifoliaceen. Abh. Acad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 1957(1): 1-50.

Weberling, F. 1961. Die Infloreszenzen der Valerianaceen und inhrer systematische Bedeutung. Abh. Acad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 1961(5): 151-281.

Weberling, F. 1968. Uber die Rudimentärstipeln der Resedaceae. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 17: 360-376.

Weberling, F. 1970. Weitere Untersuchungen zur Morphologie des Unterblattes bei den Dikotylen. V. Piperales. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 115: 429-460.

Weberling, F. 1977. Beiträge zur Morphologie der Rubiaceen-Infloreszenzen. Ber. Deutsche Bot. Gesell. 90: 191-209.

Weberling, F. 1988. The architecture of inflorescences in the Myrtales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 226-310.

Weberling, F. 1989. Morphology of Flowers and Inflorescences. Cambridge University Press. [Translation of Weberling, F. 1981. Morphologie der Blüten und der Blütenstande. Ulmer, Stuttgart.

Weberling, F. 1998. Die Infloreszenzen. Typologie und Stellung im Aufbau des Vegetationskörpers, vol. 2, 2. G. Fischer, Stuttgart. [The final volume of Troll, Die Infloreszenzen.]

Weberling, F. 2000. Tepualia stipularis (Myrtaceae), una planta con apéndices estipuliformes y estípulas rudimentarias. Kurtziana 28: 313-315.

Weberling, F. 2006. Les estípulas como caractares sistemáticos confiables. Bol. Soc. Argentinas Bot. 41: 127-150.

Weberling, F. 2007. The problem of generalized flowers: Morphological aspects. Taxon 56: 707-716.

Weberling, F. & Bittrich, V. 2016. Valerianaceae. Pp. 385-401, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Weberling, F., & Herkommer, U. 1989. Untersuchungen zur Infloreszenzmorphologie der Thymelaeaceen. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 68: 1-124.

Weberling, F., & Leenhouts, P. W. 1965. Systematisch-morphologische Studien an Terebinthales-Familien (Burseraceae, Simaroubaceae, Meliaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae). Abhand. Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 1965 (10): 498-584/1-90.

Weberling, F., & Uhlarz, H. 1977. Morphologische, anatomische und palynologische Untersuchungen an der Gattung Aretiastrum (Valerianaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 127: 217-242.

Weberling, F. [et al. 1980], Lörcher, H., & Böhnke, E. 1980. Die Stipeln der Irvingioideae und Recchioideae und ihre systematische Wertung nebst Bemerkungen zur Holzanatomie und Palynologie. Plant Syst. Evol. 133: 261-283.

Webster, A. J., & Purvis, A. 2002. Testing the accuracy of methods for reconstructing ancestral states of continuous characters. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 269: 143-149.

Webster, A. J. [et al. 2003], Payne, R. J. H., & Pagel, M. 2003. Molecular phylogenies link rates of evolution and speciation. Science 301: 478.

Webster, G. L. 1956[-58]. A monographic study of the West Indian species of Phyllanthus. J. Arnold Arbor. 37: 91-122 [217-268, 340-359. 38: 51-80, 170-198, 295-373. 39: 49-100, 111-212].

Webster, G. L. 1967. The genera of Euphorbiaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 48: 303-430.

Webster, G. L. 1970. A review of Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) in the Continental United States. Brittonia 22: 44-76.

Webster, G. L. 1984. A revision of Flueggea (Euphorbiaceae). Allertonia 3: 259-312.

Webster, G. L. 1994a. Classification of the Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 3-32.

Webster, G. L. 1994b. Synopsis of the generic and suprageneric taxa of Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 33-144.

Webster, G. L. 2014 [= 2013]. Euphorbiaceae. Pp. 51-216, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Flowering Plants. XI. Flowering Plants: Eudicots. Malpighiales. Springer, Berlin.

Webster, G. L., & Carpenter, K. J. 2002. Pollen morphology and phylogenetic relationships in Neotropical Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 138: 325-338.

Webster, G. L., & Carpenter, K. J. 2008. Pollen morphology and systematics of palaeotropical Phyllanthus and related genera of subtribe Phyllanthinae (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 157: 591-608.

Webster, I. E. 1936. Systematic anatomy of the woods of the Simaroubaceae. American J. Bot. 23: 577-587.

Weckerle, C. S., & Rutishauser, R. 2005. Gynoecium, fruit and seed structure of Paullinieae (Sapindaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 147: 159-189.

Weddell, H. A. 1860. Mémoire sur le Cynomorium coccineum: parasite de l'ordre Balanophorées. Arch. Mus. Hist. Naturelle 10: 269-308, pl. 24-27.

Weddell, H. A. 1855-1861. Chloris andina, 2 vols. P. Bertrand, Paris.

Wedin, D. A. 1995. Species, nitrogen, and grassland dynamics: The constraints of stuff. Pp. 253-262, in Jones, C. G., & Lawton, J. H. (eds), Linking Species and Ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Wee, S. L., [et al. 2018], Tan, S. B., & Jürgens, A. 2018. Pollinator specialization in the enigmatic Rafflesia cantleyi: A true carrion flower with species-specific and sex-biased blow fly pollinators. Phytochem. 153: 120-128.

Weed, A. S. [et al. 2015], Ayres, M. P., & Bentz, B. J. 2015. Population dynamics of bark beetles. Pp. 157-176, in Vega, F. E., & Hofstetter, R. W. (eds), Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Weeden, N. F. 2007. Genetic changes accompanying the domestication of Pisum sativium: Is there a common basis to the 'domestication syndrome' in legumes? Ann. Bot. 100: 1017-1025.

Weedon, J. T. [et al. 2009], Cornwell, W. K., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Zanne, A. E., Wirth, C., & Coomes, D. A. 2009. Global meta-analysis of wood decomposition rates: A role for trait variation among tree species. Ecol. Lett. 12: 45-56.

Weekley, C. W., & Brothers, A. 2006. Failure of reproductive assurance in chasmogamous flowers of Polygala lewtonii (Polygalaceae), an endangered sandhill herb. American J. Bot. 93: 245-253.

Weeks, A., & Simpson, B. B. 2007. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Commiphora (Burseraceae) yields insight into the evolution and historical biogeography of an "impossible" genus. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 42: 62-79.

Weeks, A. [et al. 2005], Daly, D. C., & Simpson, B. B. 2005. The phylogenetic history and biogeography of the frankincense and myrrh family (Burseraceae) based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 35: 85-101.

Weeks, A. [et al. 2010], Baird, K. E., & McMullen, C. K. 2010. Origin and evolution of endemic Galápogas Varronia species (Cordiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 57: 948-954.

Weeks, A. [et al. 2014], Zapata, F., Pell, S. K., Daly, D. C., Mitchell, J., & Fine, P. V. A. 2014. To move or evolve: Contrasting patterns of intercontinental connectivity and climatic niche evolution in "Terebinthaceae" (Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae). Front. Genet. 5: 409. doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00409

Weese, T. L., & Bohs, L. 2007. A three-gene phylogeny of the genus Solanum (Solanaceae). Syst. Bot. 32: 445-463.

Wefferling, K. M. [et al. 2013], Hoot, S. B., & Neves, S. S. 2013. Phylogeny and fruit evolution in Menispermaceae. American J. Bot. 100: 883-905.

Wege, J. A. 2020. Styleworts under the microscope: A taxonomic account of Levenhookia (Stylidiaceae). PhytoKeys 151: 1-47.

Wegierek, P., Zyla, D., Homan, A., Cai, C., & Huang, D. 2017. New genus and species of the extinct aphid family Szelegiewicziidae and the implications for aphid evolution. Sci. Nat. 104:95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-017-1517-x

Wehner, J. [et al. 2014], Powell, J. R., Muller, L. A. H., Caruso, T., Veresoglou, S. D., Hempel, S., & Rillig, M. C. 2014. Determinants of root-associated fungal communities within Asteraceae in a semi-arid grassland. J. Ecol. 102: 425-436. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12197

Wehr, W. C., & Hopkins, D. Q. 1994. The Eocene orchards and gardens of Republic, Washington. Washington Geol. 22(3): 27-34.

Wei, D. [et al. 2018], Liu, M., Chen, H., Zheng, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Yang, S., Zhou, M., & Lin, J. 2018. INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION 1 is a male fertility regulator impacting anther dehydration in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet. 14:e1007695. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007695

Wei, J.-Z. [et al. 2023], Lum, A., Schepers, E., Liu, L., Weston, R. T., McGinness, B. S., Heckert, M. J., Xie, W., Kassa, A., Bruck, D., Rauscher, G., Kapka-Kitzman, D., Mathis, J. P., Zhao, J.-Z., Sethi, A., Barry, J., Lu, A. L., Brugliera, F., Lee, E. L., van der Weerden, N. L., Eswar, N., Maher, M. J., & Anderson, M. A. 2023. Novel insecticidal proteins from ferns resemble insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 120:e2306177120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2306177120

Wei, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2019. What is the nature of petals in Caryophyllaceae? Developmental evidence clarifies their evolutionary origin. Ann. Bot. 124: 281-295. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcz075

Wei, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2020. Hofmeister's Rule paradox: Explaining the changeable carpel position in Caryophyllaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 181: 911-925.

Wei, L. [et al. 2012], Wang, Y.-Z., & Li, Z.-Y. 2012. Floral ontogeny of Ruteae (Rutaceae) and its systematic implications. Plant Biol. 14: 190-197.

Wei, R., & Zhang, X.-C. 2013. A revised subfamilial classification of Polypodiaceae based on plastome, nuclear ribosomal, and morphological evidence. Taxon 71: 288-306.

Wei, R. [et al. 2013], Schneider, H., & Zhang, X.-C. 2013. Toward a new circumscription of the twinsorus-fern genus Diplazium (Athyriaceae): A molecular phylogeny with morphological implications and infrageneric taxonomy. Taxon 62: 441-457.

Wei, R. [et al. 2015], Xiang, Q., Schneider, H., Sundue, M. A., Kessler, M., Kamau, P. W., Hidayat, A., & Zhang, X. 2015. Eurasian origin, boreotropical migration, and transoceanic dispersal in the pantropical fern genus Diplazium (Athyriaceae). J. Biogeog. 42: 1809-1819.

Wei, R. [et al. 2017], Ebihara, A., Zhu, Y.-M., Zhao, C.-F., Hennequin, S., & Zhang, X.-C. 2018 [= 2017]. A total-evidence phylogeny of the lady fern genus Athyrium Roth (Athyriaceae) with a new infrageneric classification. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 119: 25-36.

Wei, R. [et al. 2021], Yang, J., He, L.-J., Liu, H.-M., Hu, J.-Y., Liang, S.-Q., Wei, X.-P., Zhao, C.-F., & Zhang, X.-C. 2021. Plastid phylogenomics provides novel insights into the infrafamilial relationship of Polypodiaceae. Cladistics 37: 717-727.

Wei, S. S. [et al. 2020], Shearer, P. M., Lithgow-Bertelioni, C., Stixrude, L., & Tian, D. 2020. Oceanic plateau of the Hawaiian mantle plume head subducted to the uppermost lower mantle. Science 370: 983-986.

Wei, Y.-G. [et al. 2010], Wen, F., Chen, W.-F., Shui, Y.-M., & Möller, M. 2010. Litostigma, a new genus from China: A morphological link between basal and derived didymocarpoid Gesneriaceae. Edinburgh J. Bot. 67: 161-184.

Wei, Z.-X. 1997. Pollen ultrastructure of Theaceae and its systematic significance. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 19: 143-153. [In Chinese.]

Wei, Z.-X. [et al. 1999], Li, D.-Z., Fan, X.-K., & Zhang, X.-L. 1999. Pollen ultrastructure of Pentaphylacaceae and Sladeniaceae and their relationships to the family Theaceae. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 21: 202-206 + pl. 1-3. [In Chinese.]

Wei, Z.-X. [et al. 2002], Jin, Q.-J., Hong, W., Tian, X., & Chen, S.-K.. 2002. Pollen morphology of Stachyuraceae and related taxa. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 24: 483-496. [In Chinese.]

Weiblen, G. D. [et al. 2006], Webb, C. O., Novotny, V., Basset, Y, & Miller, S. F. 2006. Phylogenetic dispersion of host use in a tropical insect herbivore community. Ecology 87: S62-S75.

Weidlich, W. H. 1976a. The organization of the vascular system in the stems of Nymphaeaceae. I. Nymphaea subgenera Castalia and Hydrocallis. American J. Bot. 63: 499-509.

Weidlich, W. H. 1976b. The organization of the vascular system in the stems of Nymphaeaceae. II. Nymphaea subgenera Anecphya, Lotos, and Brachyceras. American J. Bot. 63: 1365-1379.

Weidlich, W. H. 1980. The organization of the vascular system in the stems of Nymphaeaceae. III. Victoria and Euryale. American J. Bot. 67: 790-803.

Weigend, M. 1996. A revision of Loasaceae of Ecuador. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 118: 229-294.

Weigend, M. 2004. Loasaceae. Pp. 239-254, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Berlin.

Weigend, M. 2005. Notes on the floral morphology in Vivianaceae (Geraniales). Plant Syst. Evol. 253: 125-131.

Weigend, M. 2006. Grossulariaceae, pp. 168-176, and Ledocarpaceae, 213-220, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Weigend, M., & Gottschling, M. 2006. Evolution of funnel-revolver flowers and ornithophily in Nasa (Loasaceae). Plant Biol. 8: 120-142.

Weigend, M., & Hilger, H. H. 2010. Codonaceae - a new required family name in Boraginales. Phytotaxa 10: 26-30.

Weigend, M., & Hilger, H. H. 2016. Codonaceae. Pp. 137-140, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2000], Kufer, J., & Müller, A. A. 2000. Phytochemistry and the systematics and ecology of Loasaceae and Gronoviaceae. American J. Bot. 87: 1202-1210.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2002], Mohr, O., & Motley, T. J. 2002. Phylogeny and classification of the genus Ribes based on 5S-NTS sequences and morphological and anatomical data. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 124: 163-182.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2003], Henning, T., & Schneider, C. 2003. A revision of Nasa section Carunculatae (Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae). Syst. Bot. 28: 765-781.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2004a], Gottschling, M., Hoot, S., & Ackerman, M. 2004a. A preliminary phylogeny of Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae (Angiospermae: Cornales) based on trn(UAA) sequence data, with consequences for systematics and historical biogeography. Organisms Divers. Evol. 4: 73-90.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2004b], Aitzetmüller, K., & Bruehl, L. 2004b. The seeds of Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae (Cornales) I: Seed release, seed numbers and fatty acid composition. Flora 199: 424-436.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2005], Gröger, A., & Ackermann, M. 2005. The seeds of Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae (Cornales) II: Seed morphology of "South Andean Loasas" (Loasa, Caiophora, Scyphanthus and Blumenbachia). Flora 200: 569-591.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2009], Gottschling, M., Selvi, F., & Hilger, H. H. 2009. Marbleseeds are gromwells - systematics and evolution of Lithospermum and allies (Boraginaceae tribe Lithospermeae) based on molecular and morphological data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 52: 755-768.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2010], Gottschling, M., Selvi, F., & Hilger, H. H. 2010. Fossil and extant western hemisphere Boragineae, and the polyphyly of "Trigonotidae" Riedl (Boraginaceae: Boraginoideae). Syst. Bot. 35: 409-419.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2013a], Luebert, F., Selvi, F., Brokamp, G., & Hilger, H. H. 2013a. Multiple origins for hound's tongues (Cynoglossum L.) - the phylogeny of the borage family (Boraginaceae s. str.). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 68: 604-618.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2013b], Luebert, F., Gottschling, M., Couvreur, T. L. P., Hilger, H. H., & Miller, J. S. 2014 [= 2013b]. From capsules to nutlets - phylogenetic relationships in the Boraginales. Cladistics 30: 508-518.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2016], Selvi, F., Thomas, D. C., & Hilger, H. H. 2016. Boraginaceae. Pp. 41-102, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Weigend, M. [et al. 2017], Mustafa, A., & Ensikat, H.-J. 2018 [= 2017]. Calcium phosphate in plant trichomes: The overlooked biomineral. Planta 247: 277-285.

Weiglen, C. 2001. Scanning electon microscopy of the leaf epicuticular waxes of the genus Gethyllis L. (Amaryllidaceae) and prospects for a further subdivision. South African J. Bot. 67: 333-343.

Weihe, A. [et al. 2009], Apitz, J., Salinas-Hartwig, A., & Börner, T. 2009. Biparental inheritance of plastidial and mitochondrial DNA and hybrid variegation in Pelargonium. Molec. Genetics Genomics 282: 587-593.

Weiller, C. [et al. 1994], Crowden, R., & Powell, J. 1994. Morphology and taxonomic significance of the leaf epicuticular waxes in the Epacridaceae. Australian Syst. Bot. 7: 125-152.

Weinhold, A., & Baldwin, I. T. 2011. Trichome-derived O-acyl sugars are a first meal for caterpillars that tags them for predation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 108: 7855-7859.

Wiens, D. [et al. 1983], Rourke, J. P., Casper, B. B., Rickart, E. A., LaPine, T. R., Peterson, C. J., & Channing, A. 1983. Nonflying mammal pollination of southern African proteas: A non-coevolved system. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 1-31.

Weintraub, J. D. 1995. Host plant association patterns in the tribe Troidini (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Pp. 307-316, in Scriber, J. M., Tsubaki, Y, & Lederhouse, R. C. (eds), Swallowtail Butterflies: Their Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.

Weintraub, J. D. [et al. 1995], Lawton, J. H., & Scoble, M. J. 1995. Lithinine moths on ferns: A phylogenetic study of insect-plant interactions. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 55: 239-250.

Weintraub, M. 1952. Leaf movements in Mimosa pudica L. New Phytol. 50: 357-382.

Weinzieher, S. 1914. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Xyris indica L. Flora 106: 393-432, pl. 6-7.

Weir, J. S., & Kiew, R. 1986. A reassessment of the relations in Malaysia between ants (Crematogaster) on trees (Leptospermum and Dacrydium) and epiphytes of the genus Dischidia (Asclepiadaceae) including ‘ant-plants’. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 27: 113-132. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1986.tb01729.x

Weiser, M. D. [et al. 2018], Swenson, N. G., Enquist, B. J., Michaletz, S. T., Waide, R. B., Zhou, J., & Kaspari, M. 2018. Taxoomic decomposition of the latitudinal gradient in species diversity of North American floras. J. Biogeog. 45: 418-428.

Weising, K. [et al. 2011], Schütz, N., Wagner, N., Krapp, F., Blank, S., Zizka, G., Michalak, I., Silvestro, D., Ibisch, P., & Schulte, K. 2011. Phylogeny and evolutionary history of Pitcairnioideae s. str. (Bromeliaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nucealr data. P. 188, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Weiß, M. [et al. 2009], Selosse, M.-A., Sýkorová, Z., Garnica, S., Bauer, R., Oberwinkler, F., & Redecker, D. 2009. Sebacinales are widespread endophytes of land plants. P. 53, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Weiß, M. [et al. 2012], Sýkorová, Z., Garnica, S., Riess, K., Martos, F., Krause, C., Oberwinkler, F., Bauer, R., & Redecker, D. 2012. Sebacinales everywhere: Previously overlooked ubiquitous fungal endophytes. PLoS ONE 6(2):e16793. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016793

Weiß, M. [et al. 2016], Waller, F., Zuccaro, A., & Selosse, M.-A. 2016. Sebacinales — one thousand and one interactions with land plants. New Phytol. 211: 20-40. doi: 10.1111/nph.13977

Weiss, M. R. 1995. Floral color change: A widespread functional convergence. American J. Bot. 82: 167-185.

Weiss, J. E. 1890. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Korkbildung. Munich.

Weisse, A. 1933. Die Arte der Distchie an den Achsensprossen von Zingiber. Ber. Deutschen Bot. Gesell. 51: 13-20.

Weiss-Schneeweiss, H., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2013. Karyotype diversity and evolutionary trends in angiosperms. Pp. 209-230, in Leitch, I. J., Greilhuber, J., Dolezel, J., & Wendel, J. F. (eds), Plant Genome Diversity. Volume 2. Physical Structure, Behaviour and Evolution of Plant Genomes. Springer, Vienna.

Weiss-Schneeweiss, H. [et al. 2005], Greilhuber, J., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2005. Genome size evolution in holoparasitic Orobanche (Orobanchaceae) and related genera. American J. Bot. 93: 148-156.

Weitemier, K. [et al. 2015], Straub, S. C. K., Fishbein, M., & Liston, A. 2015. Intragenomic polymorphisms among high-copy loci: A genus-wide study of nuclear ribosomal DNA in Asclepias (Apocynaceae). PeerJ 3:e718. doi: 10.7717/peerj.718

Weitz, F. M. 1989. A revision of the genus Corymbium (Asteraceae). South African J. Bot. 55: 598-629.

Weitzel, C. [et al. 2014], Rønsted, N., Spalik, K., & Simonsen, H. T. 2014. Resurrecting deadly carrots: Towards a revision of Thapsia (Apiaceae) based on phylogenetic analysis of nrITS sequences and chemical profiles. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 174: 620-636.

Weitzman, A. L. 1987. The Systematics of Freziera Willd. (Theaceae). Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University.

Weitzman, A. L. [et al. 2004], Dressler, S., & Stevens, P. F. 2004. Ternstroemiaceae. Pp. 450-460, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Berlin.

Weitzman, A. L. [et al. 2006], Kubitzki, K., & Stevens, P. F. 2006. Bonnetiaceae. Pp. 36-39, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Welch, A. J. [et al. 2016], Collins, K., Ratan, A., Drautz-Moses, D. I., Schuster, S. C., & Lindqvist, C. 2016. The quest to resolve recent radiations: Plastid phylogenomics of extinct and endangered Hawaiian endemic mints (Lamiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 99: 16-33.

Welker, C. A. D. [et al. 2014], Kellogg, E. A., & Prado, J. 2014. Andropogoneae versus Sacchareae (Poaceae: Panicoideae): The end of a great controversy. Taxon 63: 643-646.

Welker, C. A. D. [et al. 2019], McKain, M. R., Vorontsova, M. S., Peichoto, M. C., & Kellogg, E. A. 2019. Plastome phylogenomics of sugarcane and relatives confirms the segregation of the genus Tripidium (Poaceae: Andropogoneae). Taxon 68: 246-267.

Welker, C. A. D. [et al. 2020], McKain, M. R., Estep, M. C., Pasquet, R. S., Chipabika, G., Pallangyo, B., & Kellogg, E. A. 2020. Phylogenomics enables biogeographic analysis and a new subtribal classification of Andropogoneae (Poaceae—Panicoideae). J. Syst. Evol. 58: 1003-1030.

Wellburn, F. A. M., & Wellburn, A. R. 1976. Novel chloroplasts and unusual cellular ultrastructure in the "resurrection" plant Myrothamnus fabellifolius Welw. (Myrothamnaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 72: 51-54, pl. 1-2.

Weller, S. J. 2009. The different forms of flowers - what have we learned since Darwin? Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 160: 249-261.

Weller, S. J. [et al. 1999], Jacobson, N. L., & Connor, W. E. 1999. The evolution of chemical defenses and mating systems in tiger moths (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 68: 557-578.

Wellman, C. H. 2004a. Dating the origin of land plants. Pp. 119-141, in Donoghue, P. C. J., & Smith, M. P. (eds), Telling the Evolutionary Time: Molecular Clocks and the Fossil Record. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Wellman, C. H. 2004b. Origin, function and development of the spore wall in early land plants. Pp. 43-63, in Hemsley, A. R., & Poole, I. (eds), Evolution of Plant Physiology. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wellman, C. H. [et al. 2003], Osterloff, P. L., & Mohiuddin, U. 2003. Fragments of the earliest land plants. Nature 425: 282-285.

Wellman, C. H. 2017. Palaeoecology and palaeophytogeography of the Rhynie Chert plants: Further evidence from integrated analysis of in situ and dispersed spores. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc B, 373:20160491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0491

Wellman, C. H. [et al. 2009], Gensel, P. G., & Taylor, W. A. 2009. Spore wall development in the early lycopsid Leclercqia (Protolepidodendrales) from the Lower Devonian of North America: Evidence for a fundamental division in the lycopsids. American J. Bot. 96: 1849-1860.

Wellman, C. H. [et al. 2015], Steemans, P., & Miller, M. A. 2015. Spore assemblages from Upper Ordovician and lowermost Silurian sediments recovered from the Qusaiba-1 shallow core hole, Qasim region, central Saudi Arabia. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 212: 111–126.

Wells, P. V. 1969. The relation between mode of reproduction and extent of speciation in woody genera of the California chaparral. Evolution 23: 264-267.

Welsford, M. R. [et al. 2016], Hobbhahn, N., Midgley, J. J., & Johnson, S. D. 2016. Floral trait evolution associated with shifts between insect and wind pollination in the dioecious genus Leucadendron (Proteaceae). Evolution 70: 126-139.

Welsh, M. [et al. 2010], Stefanovic, S., & Costea, M. 2010. Pollen evolution and its taxonomic significance in Cuscuta (dodders, Convolvulaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 285: 83-101.

Wen, F. [et al. 2021], Wu, X., Li, T., Jia, M., Liu, X., & Liao, L. 2021. The complete chloroplast genome of Stauntonia chinensis and compared analysis revealed adaptive evolution of subfamily Lardizabaloideae species in China. BMC Genomics 22(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07484-7.

Wen, H. Z., & Wang, RJ. 2012. Foonchewia guangdongensis gen. et sp. nov. (Rubioideae: Rubiaceae) and its systematic position inferred from chloroplast sequences and morphology. J. Syst. Evol. 50: 467-476.

Wen, J. 2006. Leeaceae, pp. 221-225, and Vitaceae, 467-479, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Wen, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Vitaceae (the grape family). P. 84, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Wen, J. 2011. Systematics and biogeography of Aralia L. (Araliaceae): Revision of Aralia sects. Aralia, Humiles, Nanae, and Sciadodendron. Contrib. United States National Herb. 57: 1-172.

Wen, J., & Ickert-Bond, S. 2009. Evolution of Madrean-Tethyan disjunctions and the North and South American amphitropical disjunctions in plants. J. Syst. Evol. 47: 331-348.

Wen, J. [et al. 2000], Plunkett, G. M., Mitchell, A. D., & Wagstaff, S. J. 2000. The evolution of Araliaceae: A phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Syst. Bot. 26: 144-167.

Wen, J. [et al. 2007], Nie, Z.-L., Soejima, A., & Meng, Y. 2007. Phylogeny of Vitaceae based on the nuclearGAI1 gene sequences. Canadian J. Bot. 85: 731-745. [Erratum: Canadian J. Bot. 85: 1018. 2007.]

Wen, J. [et al. 2008], Berggen, S. T., Lee, C.-H., Ickert-Bond, S., Yi, T.-S., Yoo, K.-O., Xie, L., Shaw, J., & Potter, D. 2008. Phylogenetic inferences in Prunus (Rosaceae) using chloroplast ndhF and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. J. Syst. Evol. 46: 322-332.

Wen, J. [et al. 2008], Zhu, Y.-P., Lee, C., Widjaja, E., & Saw, L. G. 2008. Evolutionary relationships of Araliaceae in the Malesian region: A preliminary analysis. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 30: 391-399. [In Chinese.]

Wen, J. [et al. 2013], Xiong, Z., Nie, Z.-L., Mao, L., Zhu, Y., Kan, X.-Z., Ickert-Bond, S. M., Gerrath, J., Zimmer, E. A., & Fang, X.-D. 2013. Transcriptome sequences resolve deep relationships of the grape family. PLoS ONE 8(9):e74394. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074394

Wen, J. [et al. 2015], Lu, L., Nie, Z.-L., Manchester, S. R., & Chen, Z.-D. 2015. Phylogenetics and a revised classification of Vitaceae. P. 253, in Botany 2015. Science and Plants for People. Abstracts.

Wen, J. [et al. 2018a], Nie, Z.-L., Liu, X.-Q., Zhang, N., Ickert-Bond, S., Gerrath, J., Manchester, S. R., Boggan, J., & Chen, Z.-D. 2018a. A new phylogenetic classification of the grape family (Vitaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 56: 262-272.

Wen, J. [et al. 2018b], Lu, L.-M., Hsu, T.-W., Dang, V.-C., Habib, S., Boggan, J., Okada, H., Chen, I-J., & Chen, Z.-D. 2018a. Pseudocayratia a new genus of Vitaceae from China and Japan with two new species and three new combinations. J. Syst. Evol. 56: 374-393.

Wen, J. [et al. 2020], Yu, Y., Xie, D.-F., Peng, C., Liu, Q., Zhou, S.-D., & He, X.-J. 2020. A transcriptome-based study on the phylogeny and evolution of tha taxonomically controversial subfamily Apiodeae (Apiaceae). Ann. Bot. 125: 937-953.

Wen, J. [et al. 2021], Xie, D.-F., Price, M., Ren, T., Deng, Y.-Q., Gui, L.-J., Guo, X.-L., & He, X.-J. 2021. Backbone phylogeny and evolution of Apioideae (Apiaceae): New insights from phylogenomic analyses of plastome data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 161:107183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107183

Wen, Y. [et al. 1997], Liao, J., & Wu, Q. 1997. Anatomy and histochemistry of the seed of Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu. Guihaia 17: 235-241, pl. 1. [In Chinese.]

Wen, Y. [Yingying] [et al. 2022], Qin, Y., Shao, B., Li, J., Ma, C., Liu, Y., Yang, B., & Jin, X. 2022. The extremely reduced, diverged and reconfigured plastomes of the largest mycoheterotrophic orchid lineage. BMC Plant Biol. 22:448. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03836-x

Wen, Y. [Yixiong] [et al. 2023], Zhang. L., Holbourn, A. E., Zhu, C., Huntington, K. W., Jin, T., Li, Y., & Wang, C. 2023. CO2-forced Late Miocene cooling and ecosystem reorganizations in East Asia. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 120(5):e2214655120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2214655120

Wen, Z.-B. [et al. 2010], Zhang, M.-L., Zhu, G.-L., & Sanderson, S. C. 2010. Phylogeny of Salsoleae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae) based on DNA sequence data from ITS, psbB-psbH, and rbcL, with emphasis on taxa of northwestern China. Plant Syst. Evol. 288: 25-42.

Wendel, J. F. 2015. On the wondrous cycles of polyploidy in plants. American J. Bot. 102: 1753-1756.

Wendel, J. F., & Grover, C. E. 2015. Taxonomy and evolution of the cotton genus, Gossypium. Pp. 25-54, in Fang, D. D., & Percy, R. G. (eds), Cotton. Ed. 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI. [Agronomy Monograph 57.]

Wendel, J. F. [et al. 2010], & Brubaker, C. L., & Seelanan, T. 2010. The origin and evolution of Gossypium. Pp. 1-18, in Stewart J. M., Oosterhuis D. M., Heitholt J. J., & Mauney J. R. (eds), Physiology of Cotton. Springer, Dordrecht.

Wendlandt, C. E. [et al. 2018], Regus, J. U., Gano-Cohen, K. A., Hollowell, A. C., Quides, K. W., Lyn, J. Y., Adinata, E. S., & Sachs, J. L. 2019 [= 2018]. Host investment into symbioses varies among genotypes of the legume Acmispon strigosus, but host sanctions are uniform. New Phytol. 221: 446-458.

Wendt, T. 1988. Chiangiodendron (Flacourtiaceae: Pangieae), a new genus from southeastern Mexico representing a new tribe from the New World flora. Syst. Bot. 13: 435-441.

Wendt, T. [et al. 2008], Coser, T. S., Matallana, G., & Guilherme, F. A. G. 2008. An apparent lack of prezygotic reproductive isolation among 42 sympatric species of Bromeliaceae in southeastern Brazil. Plant Syst. Evol. 275: 31-41.

Weng, J.-K., & Chapple, C. 2010. The origin and evolution of lignin biosynthesis. New Phytol. 187: 273-285.

Weng, J.-K [et al. 2008], Banks, J. A., & Chapple, C. 2008. Parallels in lignin biosynthesis: A study in Selaginella moellendorffii reveals convergence across 400 million years of evolution. Communic. Integrat. Biol. 1: 20-22.

Weng, J.-K. [et al. 2010], Akiyama, T., Bonawitz, N. D., Lia, X., Ralph, J., & Chapple, C. 2010. Convergent evolution of syringyl lignin biosynthesis via distinct pathways in the lycophyte Selaginella and flowering plants. Plant Cell 22: 1033-1045.

Weng, J. K. [et al. 2011], Akiyama, T., Ralph, J., & Chapple, C. 2011. Independent recruitment of an O-methyltransferase for syringyl lignin biosynthesis in Selaginella moellendorffii. Plant Cell 23: 2708–2724.

Weng, M.-L. [et al. 2012], Ruhlman, T. A., Gibby, M., & Jansen, R. K. 2012. Phylogeny, rate variation, and genome size evolution in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 64: 654-670.

Weng, M.-L. [et al. 2013], Blazier, J. C., Govindu, M., & Jansen, R. K. 2014 [= 2013]. Reconstruction of the ancestral plastid genome in Geraniaceae reveals a correlation between genome rearrangements, repeats, and nucelar substitution rates. Molec. Biol. Evol. 31: 645-659.

Wenk, R. C., & Daniel, T. F. 2009. Molecular phylogeny of Nelsonioideae (Acanthaceae) and phylogeny of Elytraria. Proc. California Acad. Sci. Ser. 4, 60(5): 53-68.

Wepfer, P. H., & Linder, H. P. 2014. The taxonomy of Flagellaria (Flagellariaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 27: 159-179.

Weremijewicz, J. [et al. 2016], Sternberg, L. da S. L. O'R., & Janos, D. P. 2016. Common mycorrhizal networks amplify competition by preferential mineral nutrient allocation to large host plants. New Phytol. 212: 461-471.

Werker, E. 1997. Seed Anatomy. Borntraeger, Berlin. [Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie 10, 3.]

Werner, G. D. A. [et al. 2014], Cornwell, W. K., Sprent, J. I., Kattge, J., & Kiers, E. T. 2014. A single evolutionary origin drives the deep evolution of symbiotic N2-fixation in angiosperms. Nature Communic. 5:4087. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5087

Werner, G. D. A. [et al. 2015], Cornwell, W. K., Cornelissen, J. H. C., & Kiers, E. T. 2015. Evolutionary signals of symbiotic persistence in the legume-rhizobia mutualism. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 10262-10269.

Werner, G. D. A. [et al. 2018], Cornelissen, J. H. C., Cornwell, W. K., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Kattge, J., West, S. A., & Kiers, E. T. 2018. Symbiont switching and alternative resource acquisition strategies drive mutualism breakdown. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 115: 5229-5234.

Wertheim, J. O., & Sanderson, M. J. 2010. Estimating diversification rates: How useful are divergence times? Evolution 65: 309-320.

Werukamkul, P. [et al. 2018], Ampornpan, L., Kato, M., & Koi, S. 2018. Additions to the Podostemaceae of Thailand with molecular phylogenetic relationships of Cladopus, Hydrobryum and Thawatchaia. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 69: 21-39.

Weschler, L. 2009. Seeing Is Forgetting the Name of the Thing One Sees. Over Thirty Years of Conversations with Robert Irwin. Expanded Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Wessinger, C. A., & Hileman, L. C. 2020. Parallelism in flower development and evolution. Annual Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 51: 387-408.

Wessinger, C. A. [et al. 2016], Freeman, C. C., Mort, M. E., Rausher, M. D., & Hileman, L. C. 2016. Multiplexed shotgun genotyping resolves species relationships within the North American genus Penstemon. American J. Bot. 103: 912-922.

Wessinger, C. A. [et al. 2019], Rausher, M. D., & Hileman, L. C. 2019. Adaptation to hummingbird pollination is associated with reduced diversification in Penstemon. Evol. Letters 3: 521-533. doi: 10.1002/evl3.130

Wessinger, C. A. [et al. 2023], Katzer, A. M., Hime, P. M., Rausher, M. D., Kelly, J. K., & Hileman, L. C. 2023. A few essential genetic loci distinguish Penstemon species with flowers adapted to pollination by bees or hummingbirds. PLoS Biol. 21(9):e3002294. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002294

Westbrook, A. S., & McAdam, S. A. M. 2020. Atavistic stomatal responses to blue light in Marsileaceae. Plant Physiol. 184: 1378-1388.

Westbrook, J. [et al. 2009], Kitajima, K., & Wright, S. J. 2009. Patterns of silica and fiber accumulation in the leaves of 400 Neotropical woody species: Physical defense in a phylogenetic context. P. 214, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

West-Eberhard, M. J. [et al. 2011], Smith, J. A. C., & Winter, K. 2011. Photosynthesis, reorganized. Science 332: 311-312.

Wester, P., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2006. Bird pollination in South African Salvia species. Flora 201: 396-406.

Wester, P., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2007. Floral diversity and pollen transfer mechanisms in bird-pollinated Salvia species. Ann. Bot. 100: 401-421.

Wester, P., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2011. Polination syndromes of New World Salvia species with special reference to bird pollination. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 98: 101-155.

Wester, P. [et al. 2016], Filla, M., & Lunau, K. 2016. Floral scent and flower visitors of three green-flowered Costa Rican and Panamanian Blakea species (Melastomataceae) indicate birds rather than rodents as pollinators. Plant Ecol. Evol. 149: 319-328.

Wester, P. [et al. 2020], Cairampoma, L., Haaag, S., Schramme, J., Neumeyer, C., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2020. Bee exclusion in bird-pollinated Salvia flowers: The role of flower color versus flower construction. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 181: 770-786.

Wester, S., & Zotz, G. 2010. Growth and survival of Tillandsia flexuosa on electrical cables in Panama. J. Trop. Ecol. 26: 123-126.

Wester, S., & Zotz, G. 2011. Seed comas of bromeliads promote germination and early seedling growth by wick-like water uptake. J. Trop. Ecol. 27: 115-119.

Westergaard, M. 1958. The mechanism of sex determination in dioecious flowering plants. Adv. Genet 9: 217-281.

Westerkamp, C. 1996. Pollen in bee-flower relations. Some considerations on melittophily. Bot. Acta 109: 325-332.

Westerkamp, C. 1997. Keel blossoms: Bee flowers with adaptations against bees. Flora 192: 125-132.

Westerkamp, C. 2004. Ricochet pollination in cassias - and how bees explain enantiostyly: Preliminary communication. Pp. 225-230, in Freitas, B. M., & Pereira, J. O. P. (eds), Solitary Bees: Conservation, Rearing and Management for Pollination. Imprensa Universitária, Fortaleza.

Westerkamp, C., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2007. Bilabiate flowers: The ultimate response to bees? Ann. Bot. 100: 361-374.

Westerkamp, C., & Weber, A. 1997. Secondary and tertiary pollen presentation in Polygala myrtifolia and allies (Polygalaceae, South Africa). South African J. Bot. 63: 254-258.

Westerkamp, C., & Weber, A. 1999. Keel flowers of the Polygalaceae and Fabaceae: A functional comparison. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 129: 207-221.

Westerkamp, C. [et al. 2006], Aparecida Soares, A., & do Amaral Neto, L. P. 2006. Male and female booths with separate entrances in the tiny flowers of Guazuma ulmifolia (Malvaceae-Byttnerioideae). I. Structural integration. Flora 201: 389-395.

Westermeier, A. S. [et al. 2017], Fleischmann, A., Müller, K., Schäferhoff, B., Rubach, C., Speck, T., & Poppinga, S. 2017. Trap diversity and character evolution in carnivorous bladderworts (Utricularia, Lentibulariaceae). Sci. Reports 7:12052.

Westermeier, A. S. [et al. 2018], Sachse, R., Poppinga, S., Vögele, P., Adamec, L., Speck, T., & Bischoff, M. 2018. How the carnivorous waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa) snaps. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 285:20180012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0012

Westermeier, A. S. [et al. 2020], Hiss, N., Speck, T., & Poppinga, S. 2020. Functional-morphological analyses of the delicate snap-traps of the aquatic carnivorous waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa) with 2D and 3D imaging techniques. Ann. Bot. 126:1099-1107.

Western T. L. 2012 [= 2011]. The sticky tale of seed coat mucilages: Production, genetics, and role in seed germination and dispersal. Seed Sci. Res. 22: 1-25.

Westhoff, P., & Gowik, U. 2010. Evolution of C4 photosynthesis - looking for the master switch. Plant Physiol. 154: 598-601.

Westing, A. H. 1965. Formation and function of compression wood in gymnosperms. Bot. Review 31: 381-480.

Westing, A. H. 1968. Formation and function of compression wood in gymnosperms. II. Bot. Review 34: 51-78.

Westmoreland, D., & Muntan, C. 1996. The influence of dark central florets on insect attraction and fruit production in Queen Anne's Lace (Daucus carota L.). American Midl. Nat. 135: 122-129.

Westoby, M. [et al. 1996], Leishman, M., & Lord, J. 1996. Comparative ecology of seed size and dispersal. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 351: 1309-1317. [Discussion of M. Westoby with H. Poorter and D. J. Schoen, pp. 1317-1318.]

Weston, P. H. 2006. Proteaceae. Pp. 364-404, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Weston, P. H. 2014. What has molecular systematics contributed to our knowledge of the plant family Protaceae?. Pp. 365-397, in Besse, P. (ed.), Molecular Plant Taxonomy Methods and Protocols. Humana Press, Springer, New York. [Methods Molec. Biol. 1115.]

Weston, P. H., & Barker, N. P. 2006. A new generic classification of the Proteaceae with an annotated checklist of genera. Telopea 11: 314-344.

Weston, P. H., & Crisp, M. D. 1994. Cladistic biogeography of waratahs (Proteaceae, Embothrieae) and their allies across the Pacific. Australian Syst. Bot. 7: 225-249.

Weston, P. H. [et al. 2011], Indsto, J. O., Perkins, A. J., Clements, M. A., & Peakall, R. 2011. Total evidence phylogenetic analysis of the orchid tribe Diurideae and what it tells us about the evolution of pollination systems. Pp. 152-153, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Weston, P. H. [et al. 2014], Perkins, A. J., Indsto, J. O., & Clements, M. A. 2014. Phylogeny of Orchidaceae tribe Diurideae and its implications for the evolution of pollination systems. Pp. 91-154, in Edens-Meier, R., & Bernhardt, P. (eds), Darwin's Orchids Then and Now. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Westra, L. Y. T., & Koek-Noorman, J. K. 2004. Wood Atlas of the Euphorbiaceae s.l.. Nationaal Herbarium Nederland. [IAWA J., Supplement 4.]

Weststrand, S., & Korall, P. 2016a. Phylogeny of Selaginellaceae: There is value in morphology after all! American J. Bot. 103: 2136-2159. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600156

Weststrand, S., & Korall, P. 2016b. A subgeneric classification of Selaginella (Selaginellaceae). American J. Bot. 103: 2160-2169. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600288

Westwood, J. H. 2013. The physiology of the established parasite-host association. Pp. 87-114, in Joel, D. M., Gressel, J., & Musselman, L. J. (eds), Parasitic Orobanchaceae. Parasitic Mechanisms and Control Strategies. Springer, Berlin.

Westwood, J. H. [et al. 2010], Yoder, J. I., Timko, M. P., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2010. The evolution of parasitism in plants. Trends Plant Sci. 15: 227-235.

Wetschnig, W., & Depisch, B. 1999. Pollination biology of Welwitschia mirabilis Hook. f. (Welwitschiaceae, Gnetopsida). Phyton 39: 167-183.

Wetschnig, W. [et al. 2002], Pfosser, M., & Prenner, G. 2002. Zur Samenmorphologie der Massonieae Baker 1871 (Hyacinthaceae) im Lichte phylogenetisch interpretierter molekularer Befunde. Stapfia 80: 349-379.

Whalen, M. A. 1987. Systematics of Frankenia (Frankeniaceae) in North and South America. Systematic Botany Monographs Volume 17. American Society of Plant Taxonomists.

Whaley, J. 2007. The Azolla story: Climate change and Arctic hydrocarbons. GEO ExPro [Sept.] 66-72.

Wharton, D. A. [et al. 2010], Selvanesan, L., & Marshall, C. J. 2010. Ice active proteins from New Zealand snow tussocks, Chionochloa macra and C. rigida. CryoLetters 31: 239-248.

Wheat, C. W. [et al. 2007], Vogel, H., Wittstock, U., Braby, M. F., Underwood, D., & Mitchell-Olds, T. 2007. The genetic basis of a plant-insect coevolutionary key innovation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 104: 20427-20431.

Wheat, D. 1980. Sylleptic branching in Myrsine floridana (Myrsinaceae). American J. Bot. 67: 490-499.

Wheeler, A. G. Jr., & Krimmel, B. A. 2015. Mirid (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) specialists of sticky plants: Adaptations, interactions, and ecological implications. Ann. Review Entomol. 60: 393-414.

Wheeler, E. A., & Baas, P. 1991. A survey of the fossil record for dicotlyedonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Bull. 12: 275-332.

Wheeler, E. A., & Baas, P. 1992. Fossil wood of the Leguminosae: A case study in xylem evolution and ecological anatomy. Pp. 281-301, in Herendeen, P. S., & Dilcher, D. L. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics: Part 4. The Fossil Record. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wheeler, E. A., & Baas, P. 1993. The potentials and limitations of dicotyledonous wood anatomy for climatic reconstructions. Paleobiol. 19: 487-498.

Wheeler, E. A., & Baas, P. 2019. Wood evolution: Baileyan trends and functional traits in the fossil record. IAWA J. 40: 488-529.

Wheeler, E. A., & LaPasha, C. A. 1994. Woods of the Vitaceae - fossil and modern. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 80: 175-207.

Wheeler, E. A., & Lehman, T. M. 2001. Late Cretaceous woody dicots from the Aguja and Javelina Formations, Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA. IAWA J. 21: 83-120.

Wheeler, E. A., & Lehman, T. M. 2009. New late Cretaceous and Paleocene dicot woods of Big Bend National Park, Texas and review of Cretaceous wood characteristics. IAWA J. 30: 293-318.

Wheeler, E. A., & Manchester, S. R. 2002. Woods of the Eocene nut beds flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon. IAWA J. Suppl. 3.

Wheeler, E. A., & Manchester, S. R. 2021. A diverse assemblage of Late Eocene woods from Oregon, western USA. Fossil Imprint 77: 299-329.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 1989], Baas, P., & Gasson, P. E. (eds). 1989. IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bull. n.s. 10: 219-332.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 1994], Lehman, T. M., & Gasson, P. E. 1994. Javelinoxylon, a new genus of malvalean tree from the Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene of San Juan basin, New Mexico, U.S.A.. American J. Bot. 81: 703-710.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 2004]. InsideWood: An Internet Accessible Wood Anatomy Database. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/insidewood/.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 2007], Baas, P., & Rodgers, S. 2007. Variations in dicot wood anatomy: A global analysis based on the InsideWood database. IAWA J. 28: 229-258.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 2010], Lee, S. J., & Baas, P. 2010. Wood anatomy of the Altingiaceae and Hamamelidaceae. IAWA J. 31: 399-423.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 2017], Srivastava, R., Manchester, S. R., & Baas, P. 2017. Surprisingly modern: Latest Cretaceous - earliest Palaeocene woods of India. IAWA J. 38: 456-542.

Wheeler, E. A. [et al. 2021], Baas, P., & Manchester, S. R. 2022 [= 2021]. Wood anatomy of modern and fossil Fagales in relation to phylogenetic hypotheses, familial classification, and patterns of character evolution. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 183: 61-86. https://doi.org/10.1086/717328

Wheeler, G. L., & Carstens, B. C. 2018. Evaluating the adaptive evolutionary convergence of carnivorous plant taxa through functional genomics. PeerJ 6:e4322. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4322

Wheeler, M. J. [et al. 2001], Franklin-Tong, V. E., & Franklin, F. C. H. 2001. The molecular and genetic basis of pollen-pistil interactions. New Phytol. 151: 565-584.

Wheeler, M. J. [et al. 2009], de Graaf, B. H. J., Hadjiosif, N., Perry, R. M., Poulter, N. S., Osman, K., Vatovec, S., Harper, A., Franklin, F. C. H., & Franklin-Tong, V. E. 2009. Identification of the pollen self-incompatability determinant in Papaver rhoeas. Nature 459: 992-995.

Wheeler, W. C. 2014. Phyletic groups on networks. Cladistics 30: 447-451.

Wheeler Haines, R., & Lye, K. A. 1975. Seedlings of Nymphaeaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 70: 255-265.

Wheeler Haines, R., & Lye, K. A. 1979. Monocotylar seedlings: A review of evidence supporting an origin by fusion. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 78: 123-140.

Wheelwright, N. T. 1986. A seven-year study of individual variation in fruit production in tropical bird-dispersed tree species in the family Lauraceae. Pp. 19-35, in Estrada A., & Fleming, T. H. (eds), Frugivores and Seed Dispersal. W. Junk, Dordrecht. [Tasks for Vegetation Science 15.]

Whetten, R. W. [et al. 1998], MacKay, J. J., & Sederoff, R. R. 1998. Recent advances in understanding lignin biosynthesis. Annual Review Plant Physiol. Plant Molec. Biol. 49: 585-609.

Whigham, D. F. [et al. 2008], McCormick, M. K., & O'Neill, J. P. 2008. Specialized seedling strategies II: Orchids, carnivorous plants, and parasites. Pp. 79-100, in Leck, M. A., Parker, V. T., & Simpson, R. L. (eds), Seedling Ecology and Evolution.. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Whipple, C. J. 2017. Grass inflorescence architecture and evolution: The origin of novel signaling centers. New Phytol. 216: 367-372.

Whipple, C. J., & Schmidt, R. J. 2006. Genetics of grass flower development. Adv. Bot. Res. 44: 385-424.

Whipple, C. J. [et al. 2007], Zanis, M. J., Kellogg, E. A., & Schmidt, R. J. 2007. Conservation of B class gene expression in the second whorl of a basal grass and outgroups links the origin of lodicules and petals. Proc. National Acad. Sci.104: 1081-1086.

Whipple, H. L. 1972. Structure and systematics of Phryma leptostachya L. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 88: 1-17.

Whitaker, B. K. [et al. 2018], Reynolds, H. L., & Clay, K. 2018. Foliar fungal endophyte communities are structured by environment but not host ecotype in Panicum virgatum (switchgrass). Ecology 99: 2703-2711.

Whitaker, D. L. [et al. 2007], Webster, L. A., & Edwards, J. 2007. The biomechanics of Cornus canadensis stamens are ideal for catapulting pollen vertically. Funct. Ecol. 21: 219-225.

White, F. 1976. The underground forests of Africa: A preliminary review. Singapore Gard. Bull. 24: 57-71.

White, F. 1983. The Vegetation of Africa. UNESCO, Paris

White, F. 1988. The taxonomy, ecology and chorology of African Ebenaceae. II. The non-Guineo-Congolian species of Diospyros (excluding section Royena). Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 58: 325-448.

White, F., & Styles, B. T. 1966. Ptaeroxylaceae. Pp. 547-550, in Exell, A. W., Fernandes, A., & Wild, H. (eds), Flora zambesiaca. Vol. 2(2). Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations, London.

White, J. D. M., & Midgley, J. J. 2022. Cryptic polymorphic Proteaceae seeds reduce detection by visually-cued predators on post-fire soils. South African J. Bot. 146: 538-545.

White, J. F. Jr. [et al. 2003], Bacon, C. W., Hywel-Jones, N. L., & Spatafora, J. W. (eds). 2003. Clavicipitalean Fungi: Evolutionary Biology, Chemistry, Biocontrol, and Cultural Impacts. Marcel Decker, New York.

White, J. F. [et al. 2015], Chen, Q., Torres, M. S. Mattera, R., Irizarry, I., Tadych, M., & Bergen, M. 2015. Collaboration between grass seedlings and rhizobacteria to scavenge organic nitrogen in soils. AoB Plants 7: plu093. doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plu093

White, P. J. 2016. Selenium accumulation by plants. Ann. Bot. 117: 217-235.

White, P. J. [et al. 2016], Bowen, H. C., Broadley, M. R., El-Serehy, H. A., Neugebauer, K., Taylor, A., Thompson, J. A., & Wright, G. 2017 [= 2016]. Evolutionary origins of abnormally large shoot sodium accumulation in nonsaline environments within the Caryophyllales. New Phytol. 214: 284-293.

White, R. P. [et al. 2000], Murray, S., & Rohweder, M. 2000. Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems. Grassland Ecosystems. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.

Whitehead, D. R. 1983. Wind pollination: Some ecological and evolutionary perspectives. Pp. 97-108, in Real, L. (ed.), Pollination Biology. Academic Press, London.

Whitehead, M. R., & Peakall, R. 2014. Pollinator specificity drives strong prepollination reproductive isolation in sympatric sexually deceptive orchids. Evolution 68: 1561-1575.

Whitehead, M. R. [et al. 2018], Gaskett, A. C., & Johnson, S. D. 2019 [= 2018]. Floral community predicts pollinators’ color preference: Implications for Batesian floral mimicry. Behav. Ecol. 30: 213-222. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ary138

Whitehead, S. R. [et al 2021], Bass, E., Corrigan, A., Kessler, A., & Poveda, K. 2021. Interaction diversity explains the maintenance of phytochemical diversity. Ecol. Letters 24: 1205-1214.

Whitehill, J. G. A. [et al. 2018] Yuen, M. M. S., Henderson, H., Madilao, L., Kshatriya, K., Bryan, J., Jaquish, B., & Bohlmann, J. 2019 [= 2018]. Functions of stone cells and oleoresin terpenes in the conifer defense syndrome. New Phytol. 221: 1503-1517.

Whitehouse, C. M. 2021. A monograph on the genus Cliffortia. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [Strelitzia 43.]

Whiteman, N. K., & Mooney, K. A. 2012. Insects converge on resistance. Nature 489: 376-377.

Whitewoods, C. D. [et al. 2020], Gonçalves, B., Cheng, J., Cui, M., Kennaway, R., Lee, K., Bushell, C., Yu, M., Piao, C., & Coen, E. 2020. Evolution of carnivorous traps from planar leaves through simple shifts in gene expression. Science 367: 91-96.

Whitfield, J. 2007. Underground networking. Nature 449: 136-138.

Whiting, D. A. 1985. Lignans and neolignans. Natural Products Rep. 2: 191-211.

Whiting, M. G. 1989. Neurotoxicity of cycads: An annotated bibliography for the years 1829-1989. Lyonia 2: 201-270.

Whitlock, B. A., & Hale, A. M. 2011. The phylogeny of Ayenia, Byttneria, and Rayleya (Malvaceae s.l.) and its implications for the evolution of growth forms. Syst. Bot. 36: 129-136.

Whitlock, B. A. [et al. 2001a], Bayer, C., & Baum, D. A. 2001a. Phylogenetic relationships and floral evolution of Byttnerioideae ("Sterculiaceae" or Malvaceae s.l.) based on sequences of the chloroplast gene, ndhF. Syst. Bot. 26: 420-437.

Whitlock, B. A. [et al. 2001b], Lee, J., Dombrovska, O., Bernasconi-Quadroni, F., & Qiu, Y.-L. 2001b. Dating the age of angiosperms with DNA sequences of seven mitochondrial, plastid, and nuclear genes. P. 149, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Whitlock, B. A. [et al. 2002], Lee, J., Dombrovska, O., & Qiu, Y.-L. 2002. Effects of rate heterogeneity on estimates of the age of angiosperms. P. 158, in Botany 2002: Botany in the Curriculum, Abstracts. [Madison, Wisconsin.]

Whitlock, B. A. [et al. 2003], Karol, K. G., & Alverson, W. S. 2003. Chloroplast DNA sequences confirm the placement of the enigmatic Oceanopapaver within Corchorus (Grewioideae: Malvaceae s.l., formerly Tiliaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164: 35-41.

Whitlock, B. A. [et al. 2011], Hale, A. M., Indorf, J. L., & Wilkins, C. F. 2011. Polyphyly of Rulingia and Commersonia (Lasiopetaleae, Malvaceae s.l.). Australian Syst. Bot. 24: 215-225.

Whitmore, T. C. 1962. Studies in systematic bark morphology III. Bark taxonomy in Dipterocarpaceae. Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 321-371, fig. 9-10.

Whitmore, T. C. 1963. Studies in systematic bark morphology IV. The bark of beech, oak and sweet chestnut. New Phytol. 62: 161-169, pl. 5.

Whitmore, T. C. 2008. The Genus Macaranga, a Prodromus. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Whitney, H. M. [et al. 2011], Glover, B. J., Walker, R., & Ellis, A. G. 2011. The contribution of epidermal structure to flower colour in the South African flora. Curtis's Bot. Mag. 28: 349-371.

Whitney, K. D. 2009. Comparative evolution of flower and fruit morphology. Proc. Royal Soc. London B, 276: 2941-2947.

Whitney, K. D. [et al. 2010], Ahern, J. R., Campbell, L. G., Albert, L. P., & King, M. S. 2010. Patterns of hybridization in plants. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 12: 175-182.

Whitson, M., & Manos, P. S. 2005. Untangling Physalis (Solanaceae) from the physaloids: A two-gene phylogeny of the Physalinae. Syst. Bot. 30: 216-230.

Whittaker, R. H. 1975. Communities and Ecosystems. Ed. 2. Macmillan, New York.

Whittaker, R. J. [et al. 2023], Fernández-Palacios, J. M., & Matthews, T. J. 2023. Island Biogeography. Geo-Environmental Dynamics, Ecology, Evolution, Human Impact and Conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Whittall, J. B., & Hodges, S. A. 2007. Pollinator shifts drive increasingly long nectar spurs in columbine flowers. Nature 447: 706-709.

Whittall, J. B. [et al. 2006], Medina-Marino, A., Zimmer, E. A., & Hodges, S. A. 2006. Generating single-copy nuclear data for a recent adaptive radiation. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 39: 124-134.

Whittemore, A. T. [et al. 2021], Fuller, R. S., Brown, B. H., Hahn, M., Gog, L., Weber, J. A., & Hipp, A. L. 2021. Phylogeny, biogeography, and classification of the elms (Ulmus). Syst. Bot. 46: 711-727.

Whitten, W. M. [et al. 2000], Williams, N. H., & Chase, M. W. 2000. Subtribal and generic relationships of Maxillarieae (Orchidaceae) with emphasis on Stanhopeinae: Combined molecular evidence. American J. Bot. 87: 1842-1856.

Whitten, W. M. [et al. 2005], Williams, N. H., Dressler, R. L., Gerlach, G., & Pupulin, F. 2005. Generic relationships of Zygopetalinae (Orchidaceae: Cymbidieae): Combined molecular evidence. Lankesteriana 5: 87-107.

Whitten, W. M. [et al. 2007], Blanco, M. A., Williams, N. H., Koehler, S., Carnevali, G., Singer, R. B., Endara, L., & Neubig, K. 2007. Molecular phylogenetics of Maxillaria and related genera (Orchidaceae: Cymbidieae) based on combined molecular data sets. American J. Bot. 94: 1860-1889.

Whittle, C. A., & Johnston, M. O. 2003. Broad-scale analysis contradicts the theory that generation time affects molecular evolutionary rates in plants. J. Molec. Evol. 56: 223-233.

Wibowo, A. [et al. 2012], Ahmat, N., Hamzah, A. S., Ismail, N. H., Ahmad, R., & Jaafar, F. M. 2012. Resveratrol oligomers from the stem bark of Dryobalanops aromatica. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 40: 62-64.

Wicaksono, A. [et al. 2021a], Murisdawati, S., & Molina, J. 2021a. A plant within a plant: Insights on the development of the Rafflesia endophyte within its host. Bot. Review 87: 233-242.

Wicaksono, A. [et al. 2021b], Cristy, G. P., Raihandhany, R., Murisdawati, S., Teieira da Silva, J. A., & Susatya, A. 2022 [= 2021b]. Rhizanthes, the forgotten relative of Rafflesia in the Rafflesiaceae. Bot. Review 88: 130-143.

Wicaksono, C. Y. [et al. 2016], Aguirre-Guiterrez, J., Nouhra, E., Pastor, N., Raes, N., Pacheco, S., & Gemi, J. 2017 [= 2016]. Contracting montane cloud forests: A case study of the Andean alder (Alnus acuminata) and associated fungi in the Yungas. Biotropica 49: 141-152.

Wicke, S. 2013. Genomic evolution in Orobanchaceae. Pp. 267-286, in Joel, D. M., Gressel, J., & Musselman, L. J. (eds), Parasitic Orobanchaceae. Parasitic Mechanisms and Control Strategies. Springer, Berlin.

Wicke, S., & Naumann, J. 2018. Molecular evolution of plastid genomes in parasitic flowering plants. Adv. Bot. Research 85: 315-347. [Chaw, S.-M., & Jansen, R. K. (eds). Plastid Genome Evolution.]

Wicke, S. [et al. 2011a], Schneeweiss, G. M., dePamphilis, C. W., Müller, K. F., & Quandt, D. 2011a. The evolution of the plastid chromosome in land plants: Gene content, gene order, gene function. Plant Molec. Biol. 76: 273-297.

Wicke, S. [et al. 2011b], Costa, A., Muñoz, J., & Quandt, D. 2011b. Restless 5S: The rearrangement(s) and evolution of nuclear ribosomal DNA in land plants. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 61: 321-332.

Wicke, S. [et al. 2013], Müller, K. F., de Pamphilis, C. W., Quandt, D., Wickett, N. J., Zhang, Y., Renner, S. S., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2013. Mechanisms of functional and physical genome reduction in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic parasitic plants of the broomrape family. Plant Cell 25: 3711-3725, doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.113373

Wicke, S. [et al. 2014], Schaferhoff, B., dePamphilis, C. W., & Müller, K. F. 2014. Disproportional plastome-wide increase of substitution rates and relaxed purifying selection in genes of carnivorous Lentibulariaceae. Molec. Biol. Evol. 32: 529-545.

Wicke, S. [et al. 2016], Müller, K., dePamphilis, C. W., Quandt, D., Bellot, S., & Schneeweiss, G. M. 2016. Mechanistic model of evolutionary rate variation en route to a nonphotosynthetic lifestyle in plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 113: 9045-9050.

Wickell, D. A., & Li, F.-W. 2020 [= 2019]. On the evolutionary significance of horizontal gene transfers in plants. New Phytol. 225: 113-117.

Wickell, D. [et al. 2021], Kuo, L.-Y., Yang, H.-P., Ashok, A. D., Irisarri, I., Dadras, A., de Vries, S., de Vries, J., Huang, Y.-M., Li, Z., Barker, M. S., Hartwick, N. T., Michael, T. P., & Li, F.-W. 2021. Underwater CAM photosynthesis elucidated by Isoetes genome. bioRχiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.09.447806 = Wickell, D. [et al. 2021], Kuo, L.-Y., Yang, H.-P., Ashok, A. D., Irisarri, I., Dadras, A., de Vries, S., de Vries, J., Huang, Y.-M., Li, Z., Barker, M. S., Hartwick, N. T., Michael, T. P., & Li, F.-W. 2021. Underwater CAM photosynthesis elucidated by Isoetes genome. Nature Communic. 12:6348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26644-7

Wickens, G. E. 1976. The Flora of Jebel Marra (Sudan Republic) and its Geographical Affinities. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.

Wickett, N. J., & Goffinet, B. 2008. Origin and relationships of the myco-heterotrophic liverwort Cryptothallus mirabilis Malmb. (Metzgeriales, Marchantiophyta). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 156: 1-12.

Wickett, N. J. [et al. 2008], Zhang, Y. Hansen, S. K., Roper, J. M., Kuehl, J. V., Plock, S. A., Goffinet, B., Wolf, P. G., dePamphilis, C, W, & Boore, J. L. 2008. Functional gene losses occur with minimal size reduction in the plastid genome of the parasitic liverwort Aneura mirabilis. Molec. Biol. Evol 25: 393-401.

Wickett, N. J. [et al. 2011], Honaas, L. A., Wafula, E. K., Das, M., Huang, K., Wu, B., Landherr, L., Timko, M. P., Yoder, J., Westwood, J. H., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2011. Transcriptomes of the parasitic plant family Orobanchaceae reveal surprising conservation of chlorophyll synthesis. Current Biol. 21: 2098-2104.

Wickett, N. J. [et al. 2014], Mirarab, S., Nguyen, N., Warnow, T., Carpenter, E., Matasci, N., Ayyampalayam, S., Barker, M. S., Burleigh, G. J., Gitzendanner, M. A., Ruhfel, B. R., Wafula, E., Der, J. P., Graham, S. W., Mathews, S., Melkonian, M., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Rothfels, C. J., Pokorny, L., Shaw, A. J., DeGironimo, L., Stevenson, D. W., Surek, B., Villarreal, J. C., Roure, B., Philippe, H., dePamphilis, C. W., Chen, T., Deyholos, M., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Tian, Z., Yan, Z., Wu, X., Sun, X., Wong, G. K-S., & Leebens-Mack, J. 2014. A phylotranscriptomic analysis of the origin and early diversification of land plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 111: E4859-4868. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1323926111.

Wieczorek, M. [et al. 2014] Zub, K., Szafranska, P. A., Ksiazek, A., & Konarzewski, M. 2015 [= 2014]. Plant-herbivore interactions: Silicon concentration in tussock sedges and population dynamics of root voles. Funct. Ecol. 29: 187-194. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12327

Wiedenhoft, A. C. [et al. 2011], Riina, R., & Berry, P. E. 2009. "Ray intrusive" laticifers in species of Croton section Cyclostigma (Euphorbiaceae. IAWA J. 30: 135-148.

Wieder, W. W. [et al. 2009], Cleveland, C. C., & Townsend, A. R. 2009. Controls over leaf litter decomposition in wet tropical forests. Ecology 90: 3333-3341.

Wiegmann, B. M. [et al. 2000], Mitter, C., Regier, J. C., Friedlander, T. P., Wagner, D. M., & Nielsen, E. S. 2000. Nuclear genes resolve Mesozoic-aged divergences in the insect order Lepidoptera. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 15: 242-259.

Wiegmann, B. M. [et al. 2002], Regier, J. C., & Mitter, C. 2002. Combined molecular and morphological evidence on phylogeny of the earliest lepidopteran lineages. Zool. Scripta 31: 67-81.

Wiegmann, B. M. [et al. 2011], Trautwein, M. D., Winkler, I. S., Barr, N. B., Kim, J. W., Lambkin, C., Bertone, M. A., Cassel, B. K., Bayless, K. M., Heimberg, A. M., Wheeler, B. M., Peterson, K. J., Pape, T., Sinclair, B. J., Skevington, J. H., Blagoderov, V., Caravas, J., Kutty, S. N., Schmidt-Ott, U., Kampmeier, G. E., Thompson, F. C., Grimaldi, D. A., Beckenbach, A. T., Courtney, G. W., Friedrich, M., Meier, R., & Yeates, D. K. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 108: 5690-5695.

Wiegrefe, S. J. [et al. 1998], Sytsma, K. J., & Guries, R. P. 1998. The Ulmaceae, one family or two? Evidence from chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping. Plant Syst. Evol. 210: 249-270.

Wiehler, H. J. 1970. Studies in the Morphology of Leaf Epidermis, in Vasculature of Node and Petiole, and in Intergeneric Hybridization in the Gesneriaceae- Gesnerioideae. M. Sci. Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.

Wiehler, H. 1978. The genera Episcia, Alsobia, Nautilocalyx, and Paradrymonia (Gesneriaceae). Selbyana 5: 11-60.

Wiehler, H. 1983. A synopsis of the Neotropical Gesneriaceae. Selbyana 6: 1-219.

Wiehler, H. 1994. A re-examination of Sanango racemosum. 4. Its new systematic position in Gesneriaceae. Taxon 43: 625-632.

Wiens, D., & Barlow, B. A. 1971. The cytogeography and relationships of the viscaceous and eremolepidaceous mistletoes. Taxon 20: 313-332.

Wiens, F. [et al. 2008], Zitzmann, A., Lachance, M.-A., Yegles, M., Pragst, F., Wurst, F. M., von Holst, D., Guan, S. L., & Spanagel, R. 2008. Chronic intake of fermented floral nectar by wild treeshrews. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 10426-10431.

Wiens, J. J., & Donoghue, M. J. 2004. Historical biogeography, ecology and species richness. Trends Ecol. Evol. 19: 639-644.

Wiens, J. J., & Scholl, J. P. 2019. Diversification rates, clade ages, and macroevolutionary methods. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116:24400. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915908116, see also Henao Diaz, L. F. [et al. 2019a, b], Harmon, L. J., Sugawara, M. T. C., Miller, E. T., & Pennell, M. W.

Wiens, J. J. [et al. 2010], Kuczynski, C. A., Townsend, T., Reeder, T. W., Mulcahy, D. G., & Sites, J. W. Jr. 2010. Combining phylogenomics and fossils in higher-level squamate reptile phylogeny: Molecular data change the placement of fossil taxa. Syst. Biol. 59: 674-688.

Wiens, J. J. [et al. 2015], Lapoint, R. T., & Whiteman, N. K. 2015. Herbivory increases diversification across insect clades. Nature Communic. 6:8370. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9370

Wieringa, J. J. 1999. Monopetalanthus exit. A systematic study of Aphanocalyx, Bikinia, Icuria, Michelsonia and Tetraberlinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pap. 99(4): 1-320.

Wieringa, J. J., & Gervais, G. Y. F. 2003. Phylogenetic analysis of combined morphological and molecular data sets on the Aphanocalyx-Bikinia-Tetraberlinia group (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae s.l.). Pp. 181-196, in Klitgaard, B. B., & Bruneau, A. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wigand, A., & Dennert, E. 1888. Nelumbium speciosum W. Eine monographische Studie. Bibliotech. Bot. 11: 1-68, Tab. I-VI.

Wiger, J. 1935. Embryological Studies on the Families Buxaceae, Meliaceae, Simarubaceae and Burseraceae. H. Ohlsson, Lund.

Wiger, J. 1936. Reply to remarks [by J. Mauritzon 1935c] on my paper on Buxaceae, Meliaceae, etc.. Bot. Notis. Lund 1936,

Wiggins, N. L. [et al. 2016], Forrister, D. L., Endara, M.-J., Coley, P. D., & Kursar, T. A. 2016. Quantitative and qualitative shifts in defensive metabolites define chemical defense investment during leaf development in Inga, a genus of tropical trees. Ecol. Evol. 6: 478-492.

Wikström, N. 2001. Diversification and relationships of extant homosporous lycopods. American Fern J. 91(3): 150-165.

Wikström, N., & Kenrick, P. 1997. Phylogeny of Lycopodiaceae (Lycopsida) and the relationships of Phylloglossum drummondii Kunze based on rbcL sequences. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 158: 862-871.

Wikström, N., & Kenrick, P. 2001. Evolution of Lycopodiaceae (Lycopsida): Estimating divergence times from rbcL gene sequences using non-parametric rate smoothing. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 19: 177-186.

Wikström, N., & Pryer, K. M. 2005. Incongruence between primary sequence data and the distribution of a mitochondrial atp1 group II intron among ferns and horsetails. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 36: 484-493.

Wikström, N. [et al. 1999], Kenrick, P., & Chase, M. W. 1999. Epiphytism and terrestrialization in tropical Huperzia (Lycopodiaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 218: 221-243.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2001], Savolainen, V., & Chase, M. W. 2001. Evolution of the angiosperms: Calibrating the family tree. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 268: 2211-2220.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2004], Savolainen, V., & Chase, M. W. 2004. Angiosperm divergence times: Congruence and incongruence between fossils and sequence divergence estimates. Pp. 142-165, in Donoghue, P. C. J., & Smith, M. P. (eds), Telling the Evolutionary Time: Molecular Clocks and the Fossil Record. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2010], Avino, M., Razafimandimbison, S. G., & Bremer, B. 2010. Historical biogeography of the coffee family (Rubiaceae, Gentianales) in Madagascar: Case studies from the tribes Knoxieae, Naucleeae, Paederieae and Vanguerieae. J. Biogeog. 37: 1094-1113.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2013], Neupane, S., Kårehed, J., Motley, T. J., & Bremer, B. 2013. Phylogeny of Hedyotis L. (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae): Redefining a complex Asian-Pacific assemblage. Taxon 62: 357-374.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2015], Kainulainen, K., Razafimandimbison, S. G., Smedmark, J. E. E., & Bremer, B. 2015. A revised time tree of the asterids: Establishing a temporal framework for evolutionary studies of the coffee family (Rubiaceae). PLoS ONE 10(5):e0126690. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126690 - Also check (correceted dates) Wikström, N. [et al. 2016], Kainulainen, K., Razafimandimbison, S. G., Smedmark, J. E. E., & Bremer, B. 2016. Correction: A revised time tree of the asterids: Establishing a temporal framework for evolutionary studies of the coffee family (Rubiaceae). PLoS ONE 11(6):e0157206. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157206

Wikström, N. [et al. 2020], Bremer, B., & Rydin, C. 2020. Conflicting phylogenetic signals in genomic data of the coffee family (Rubiaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 58: 440-460.

Wikström, N. [et al. 2022], Bremer, B., & Rydin, C. 2023 [= 2022]|Eva Larsén2|Anbar Khodabandeh1,2|Catarina RydinNo phylogenomic support for a Cenozoic origin of the “living fossil” Isoetes. American J. Bot.

Wiland-Szymanska, J. 2009. The genus Hypoxis L. (Hypoxidaceae) in the east tropical Africa: Variability, distribution and conservation status. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 14: 1-129.

Wilce, J. 1972. Lycopod spores. I. General spore patterns and the generic segregates of Lycopodium. American Fern J. 62: 65-79.

Wilde, V. [et al. 2005], Kvacek, Z., & Bogner, J. 2005. Fossil leaves of the Araceae from the European Eocene and notes on other aroid fossils. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 166: 157-183.

Wilder, G. J. 1975. Phylogenetic trends in the Alismatidae (Monocotyledoneae). Bot. Gaz. 136: 159-170.

Wilder, G. J. 1976. Structure and development of leaves in Carludovica palmata (Cyclanthaceae) with reference to other Cyclanthaceae and Palmae. American J. Bot. 63: 1237-1256.

Wilder, G. J. 1981a. Structure and development of Cyclanthus bipartitus Poit. (Cyclanthaceae) with reference to other Cyclanthaceae. II. Adult leaf. Bot. Gaz. 142: 96-114.

Wilder, G. J. 1981b. Morphology of adult leaves in the Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). Bot. Gaz. 142: 564-588.

Wilder, G. J. 1986. Anatomy of first-order roots in the Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). II. Stele (excluding pericycle). Canadian J. Bot. 64: 2848-2864.

Wilder, G. J. 1992a. Comparative morphology and anatomy of absorbing roots and anchoring roots in three species of Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). Canadian J. Bot. 70: 38-48.

Wilder, G. J. 1992b. Orthodistichous phyllotaxy and dorsiventral symmetry on adult shoots of Cyclanthus bipartitus (Cyclanthaceae, Monocotyledoneae). Canadian J. Bot. 70: 1388-1400.

Wilf, P. 2008. Insect-damaged fossil leaves record food web response to ancient climate change and extinction. New Phytol. 178: 486-502.

Wilf, P. 2012. Rainforest conifers of Eocene Patagonia: Attached cones and foliage of the extant Southeast Asian and Australian genus Dacrycarpus (Podocarpaceae). American J. Bot. 99: 562-584.

Wilf, P. 2020. Eocene "Chusquea" fossil from Patagonia is a conifer, not a bamboo. PhytoKeys 139: 77-89.

Wilf, P., & Escapa, I. H. 2015 [= 2014]. Green Web or megabiased clock? Plant fossils from Gondwanan Patagonia speak on evolutionary radiations. New Phytol. 207: 283-290. doi: 10.1111/nph.13114 See also Wang, Q., & Mao, K.-S. 2016 [= 2015]. Puzzling rocks and complicated clocks: How to optimize molecular dating approaches in historical biogeography. New Phytol. 209: 1353-1358, and Wilf, P., & Escapa, I. H. 2016 [= 2015]. Molecular dates need geologic testing. New Phytol. 209: 1359-1362.

Wilf, P., & Johnson, K. R. 2004. Land plant extinction at the end of the Cretaceous: A quantitative analysis of the North Dakota megafloral record. Paleobiol. 30: 347-368.

Wilf, P., & Labandeira, C. C. 1999. Response of plant-insect associations to Paleocene-Eocene warming. Science 284: 2153-2156.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2000], Labandeira, C. C., Kress, W. J., Staines, C. L., Windsor, D. M., Allen, A. L., & Johnson, K. R. 2000. Timing the radiations of leaf beetles: Hispines on gingers from latest Cretaceous to Recent. Science 289: 291-294.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2001], Labandeira, C. C., Johnson, K. R., Coley, P. D., & Cutter, A.D. 2001. Insect herbivory, plant defence, and early Cenozoic climate change. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 98: 6221-6226.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2003], Johnson, K. R., & Huber, B. T. 2003. Correlated terrestrial and marine evidence for global climate changes before mass extinction at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Proc. National Acad. Sci, 100: 599-604. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0234701100.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2005], Labandeira, C. C., Johnson, K. R., & Cúneo, N. R. 2005. Richness of plant-insect associations in Eocene Patagonia: A legacy for South American biodiversity. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 102: 8944-8948.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2006], Labandeira, C. C., Johnson, K. R., & Ellis, B. 2006. Decoupled plant and insect diversity after the end-Cretaceous extinction. Science 313: 1112-1115.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2009), Little, S. A., Iglesias, A., Zamaloa, M. C., Gandolfo, M. A., Cúneo, N. R., & Johnson, K. R. 2009. Papuacedrus (Cupressaceae) in Eocene Patagonia, a new fossil link to Australasian rainforests. American J. Bot. 96: 2031-2047.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2010], Carvalho, M. R., Hermsen, E. J., Gandolfo, M. A., Cuéno, N. R., Johnson, K. R., & Feild, T. S. 2010. Eocene rainforests of Patagonia and their high-latitude connection to modern montane Australasia. G.S.A. Denver Annual Meeting. Accessed viii.2011.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2011], Carvalho, M. R., Hermsen, E. J., Gandolfo, M. A., Cuéno, N. R., & Johnson, K. R. 2011. Eocene caldera floras of Patagonia, Argentina: The peak of Australasian rainforest signal in South America. P. 271, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Wilf, P. [et al. 2013], Cúneo, N. R., Escapa, I. H., Pol, D., & Woodburne, M. O. 2013. Splendid and seldom isolated: The paleobiogeography of Patagonia. Annual Review Earth Planet. Sci. 41: 561-603.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2014], Escapa, I. H., Cúneo, N. R., Kooyman, R. M., Johnson, K. R., & Iglesias, A. 2014. First South American Agathis (Araucariaceae), Eocene of Patagonia. American J. Bot. 101: 156-179.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2015], Carvalho, M. R., Gandolfo, M. A., & Cúneo, N. R. 2015. Early Eocene Physalis fruits from Patagonia turn back the clock on evolution of Solanaceae and inflated calyx syndrome. P. 40-41, in Botany 2015. Science and Plants for People. Abstracts.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2016a], Zhang, S., Chikkeru, S., Little, S. A., Wing, S. L., & Serre, T. 2016a. Computer vision cracks the leaf code. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 113: 3305-3310.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2016b], Stevenson, D. W., & Cúneo, N. R. 2016b. The last Patagonian cycad, Austrozamia stockeyi gen. et sp. nov., early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, Chubut, Argentina. Botany 94: 817-829.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2017a], Carvalho, M. R., Gandolfo, M. A., & Cúneo, N. R. 2017a. Eocene lantern fruits from Gondwanan Patagonia and the early origins of Solanaceae. Science 355: 71-75. doi: 10.1126/science.aag2737

Wilf, P. [et al. 2017b], Donovan, M. P., Cúneo, N. R., & Gandolfo, M. A. 2017b. The fossil flip leaves (Retrophyllum, Podocarpaceae) of southern Soth America. American J. Bot. 104: 1344-1369.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2019a], Nixon, K. C., Gandolfo, M. A., & Cúneo, R. 2019a. Eocene Fagaceae from Patagonia and Gondwanan legacy in Asian rainforests. Science 364:972/eaaw5139. doi: 10.1126/science.aaw5139. See also Denk, T. [et al. 2019], Hill, R. S., Simeone, M. C., Cannon, C., Dettmann, M. E., & Manos, P. S. 2019. Comment on "Eocene Fagaceae from Patagonia and Gondwanan legacy in Asian rainforests". Science 366:eaaz2189. doi: 10.1126/science.aaz2189, and also Wilf, P. [et al. 2019b], Nixon, K. C., Gandolfo, M. A., & Cúneo, R. 2019b. Response to Comment on "Eocene Fagaceae from Patagonia and Gondwanan legacy in Asian rainforests". Science 366:eaaz2297. doi: 10.1126/science.aaz2297

Wilf, P. [et al. 2021], Wing, S. L., Meyer, H. W., Rose, J. A., Saha, R., Serre, T., Cúneo, N. R., Donovan, M. P., Erwin, D. M., Gandolfo, M. A., Gonzalez-Akre, E., Herrera, F., Hu, S., Iglesias, A., Johnson, K. R., Karim, T. S. & Zou, X. 2021. An image dataset of cleared, x-rayed, and fossil leaves vetted to plant family for human and machine learning. Phytokeys 187: 93-128.

Wilf, P. [et al. 2023], Iglesias, A., & Gandolfo, M. A. 2023. The first Gondwanan Euphorbiaceae fossils reset the biogeographic history of the Macaranga-Mallotus clade. American J. Bot. 110:e16169.

Wilhelmi, H., & Barthlott, W. 1997. Mikromorphologie der Epicuticularwachse und die Systematik der Gymnospermen. Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 96: 7-48.

Wilhelmsson, P. K. A. [et al. 2017], Mühlich, C., Ullrich, K. K., & Rensing, S. A. 2017. Comprehensive genome-wide classification reveals that many plant-specific transcription factors evolved in streptophyte algae. Genome Biol. Evol. 9: 3384–3397. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evx258

Wilken, D. H. 2004. Polemoniaceae. Pp. 300-312, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Berlin.

Wilkes, S., & Glasl, H. 2001. Isolation, characterisation and systematic significance of 2-pyrone-4,6dicarboxylic acid in Rosaceae. Phytochem. 58: 441-449.

Wilkie, P., Clark, A., Pennington, R. T., Cheek, M., Bayer, C., & Wilcock, C. C. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily Sterculioideae (Malvaceae/Sterculiaceae-Sterculieae) using the chloroplast gene ndhF. Syst. Bot. 31: 160-170.

Wilkin, P. A. 1999. A morphological plastid analysis of the Ipomoeeae (Convolvulaceae). Kew Bull. 54: 853-876.

Wilkin, P., Schols, P., Chase, M. W., Chayamarit, K., Furness, C. A., Huysmans, S., Rakotonasolo, F., Smets, E., & Thapyai, C. 2005. A plastid gene phylogeny of the yam genus, Dioscorea: Roots, fruits and Madagascar. Syst. Bot. 30: 736-749.

Wilkins, C. F., & Chappill, J. A. 2002. Seed and seedling morphology and seed anatomy in Lasiopetalae (Malvaceae s.l. or Sterculiaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 15: 545-563.

Wilkinson, A. M. 1949. Floral anatomy and morphology of Triosteum and of the Caprifoliaceae in general. American J. Bot. 36: 481-489.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1979. The plant surface (mainly leaf). Pp. 97-165, in Metcalfe, C. R., & Chalk, L. (eds)., Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Second Edition. Volume 1. Systematic Anatomy of Leaf and Stem, with a Brief History of the Subject. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1981. The anatomy of the hypocotyls of Ceriops Arnott (Rhizophoraceae), Recent and fossil. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 82: 139-164.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1986. Leaf anatomy of Tinomiscium and Fibrarurea (Menispermaceae tribe Fibraureae) with special reference to laticifers and astrosclereids. Kew Bull. 41: 153-169.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1992. Leaf anatomy of the Pittosporaceae R. Br. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 110: 1-50.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1994. Leaf and stem anatomy of the Pterostemonaceae (Engler) Small: Ecological and systematic features. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 115: 115-131.

Wilkinson, H. P. 1998. Davidsoniaceae, pp. 28-34, Roridulaceae, pp. 121-129, Pittosporaceae, pp. 130-148, Byblidaceae, pp. 149-158, Pterostemonaceae, pp. 183-191, and Gunneraceae, pp. 260-272, in Cutler, D. F., & Gregory, M. (eds), Anatomy of the Dicotyledons, Saxifragales (sensu Armen Takhtajan 1983), Ed. 2, vol. 4. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Wilkinson, H. P. 2000. A revision of the anatomy of Gunneraceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 134: 233-266.

Wilkinson, H. P. 2007. Leaf teeth in certain Salicaceae and 'Flacourtiaceae'. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 155: 241-256.

Wilkinson, H. P., & Wanntorp, L. 2006. Gunneraceae. Pp. 177-183, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Will, M., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2014. Why Africa matters: Evoution of Old World Salvia (Lamiaceae) in Africa. Ann. Bot. 114: 61-83.

Will, M., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2017. Time to split Salvia s.l. (Lamiaceae) - new insights from Old World Salvia phylogeny. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 109: 33-58.

Will, M. [et al. 2015], Schmalz, N., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2015. Towards a new classification of Salvia s.l.: (Re)establishing the genus Pleudia Raf.. Turkish J. Bot. 39: 693-707.

Will, R. E. [et al. 2013], Wilson, S. M., Zou, C. B., & Hennessey, T. C. 2013. Increased vapor pressure deficit due to higher temperature leads to greater transpiration and faster mortality during drought for tree seedlings common to the forest-grassland ecotone. New Phytol. 200: 366-374. doi: 10.1111/nph.12321

Willeke, U. [et al. 1979], Heeger, V., Meise, M., Neuhann, H., Schindelmeiser, I., Vordemfelde, K., & Barz, W. 1979. Mutually exclusive occurrence of trigonelline and nicotinic acid arabinoside in plant cell cultures. Phytochem. 18: 105-110.

Willemse, M. T. M., & van Went, J. L. 1984. The female gametophyte. Pp. 159-196, in Johri, B. M. (ed.), Embryology of the Angiosperms. Springer, Berlin.

Willerslev, E. [et al. 2014], Davison, J., Moora, M., Zobel, M., Coissac, E., Edwards, M. E., Lorenzen, E. D., Vestergård, M., Gussarova, G., Haile, J, Craine, J., Gielly, L., Boessenkool, S., Epp, L. S., Pearman, P. B., Cheddadi, R., Murray, D., Bråthen, K. A., Yoccoz, N., Binney, H., Cruaud, C., Winkler, P., Goslar, T., Alsos, I. G., Bellemain, E., Brysting, A. K., Elven, R., Sønstebø, J. H., Murton, J, Sher, A., Rasmussen, M., Rønn, R., Mourier, T., Cooper, A., Austin, J., Möller, P., Froese, D., Zazula, G., Pompanon, F., Rioux, D., Niderkorn, V., Tikhonov, A., Savvinov, G., Roberts, R. G., MacPhee, R. D. E., Gilbert, M. T. P., Kjær, K., Orlando, L., Brochmann, C., & Taberlet, P. 2014. Fifty thousand years of arctic vegetation and megafauna diet. Nature 506: 47-51.

Williams, A. V. [et al. 2015], Miller, J. T., Small, I., Nevill, P. G., & Boykin, L. M. 2016 [= 2015]. Integration of complete chloroplast genome sequences with small amplicon datasets improves phylogenetic resolution in Acacia. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 96: 1-8.

Williams, B. [et al. 2015], Njaci, I., Moghaddam, L., Long, H., Dickman, M. B., Zhang, X., & Mundree, S. 2015. Trehalose accumulation triggers autophagy during plant dessication. PLoS Genetics 11(12):e1005705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005705

Williams, B. P. [et al. 2012], Aubry, S., & Hibberd, J. M. 2012. Molecular evolution of genes recruited into C4 photosynthesis. Trends Plant Sci. 17: 213-220.

Williams, B. P. [et al. 2013], Johnston, I. G., Covshoff, S., & Hibberd, J. M. 2013. Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis. eLife 2:e00961.

Williams, B. R. M. [et al. 2014], Mitchell, T. C., Wood, J. R. I., Harris, D. J., Scotland, R. W., & Carine, M. A. 2014. Integrating DNA barcode data in a monographic study of Convolvulus. Taxon 63: 1287-1236.

Williams, D. G. [et al. 2014], Hultine, K. R., & Dettman, D. L. 2014. Functional trade-offs in succulent stems predict responses to climate change in columnar cacti. J. Exper. Bot. 65: 2405-3413.

Williams, C. A., & Harborne, J. B. 1975. Luteolin and daphnetin derivatives in the Juncaceae and their systematic significance. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 3: 181-190.

Williams, C. A., & Harborne, J. B. 1977. The leaf flavonoids of Zingiberales. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 5: 221-229.

Williams, C. A., & Harborne, J. B. 1988. Distribution and evolution of flavonoids in the monocotyledons. Pp. 505-524, in Harborne, J. B. (ed.), The Flavonoids: Advances in Research since 1980. Chapman and Hall, London.

Williams, C. A. [et al. 1988], Harborne, J. B., & Mathew, B. 1988. A chemical appraisal via leaf flavonoids of Dahlgren's Liliiflorae. Phytochem. 27: 2609-2624.

Williams, C. A. [et al. 1991], Harborne, J. B., & de Menezes, N. L. 1991. The utility of leaf flavonoids as taxonomic markers in the subfamily and generic classification of the Velloziaceae. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 19: 483-495.

Williams, C. A. [et al. 1997a], Harborne, J. B., Greenham, J., Briggs, B. G., & Johnson, L. A. S. 1997. Flavonoid evidence and the classification of the Anarthriaceae within the Poales. Phytochem. 45: 1189-1196.

Williams, C. A. [et al. 1997b], Harborne, J. B., & Colasante, M. 1997b. Flavonoid and xanthone patterns in bearded Iris species and the pathway of chemical evolution in the genus. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 25: 309-325.

Williams, C. A. [et al. 1998], Harborne, J. B., Greenham, J., Briggs, B. G., & Johnson, L. A. S. 1998. Flavonoid patterns and the revised classification of Australian Restionaceae. Phytochem. 49: 529-552.

Williams, C. S. 2009. Conifer Reproductive Biology. Springer, Dordrecht.

Williams, E. G. [et al. 1993], Sage, T. L., & Thien L. B. 1993. Functional syncarpy by intercarpellary growth of pollen tubes in a primitive apocarpous angiosperm, Illicium floridanum (Illiciaceae). American J. Bot. 80: 137-142.

Williams, E. W. [et al. 2017], Gardner, E. M. Harris, R., III, Chaveerach, A., Pereira, J. T., & Zerega, N. J. C. 2017. Out of Borneo: Biogeography, phylogeny and divergence date estimates of Artocarpus (Moraceae). Ann. Bot. 119: 611-627.

Williams, J. H. 2007. Developmental evolution of the progamic phase: Amborella trichopoda (Amborellaceae). P. 193, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Williams, J. H. 2008. Novelties of the flowering plant pollen tube underlie diversification of a key life history stage. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 11259-11263.

Williams, J. H. 2009. Amborella trichopoda (Amborellaceae) and the evolutionary developmental origins of the angiosperm progamic phase. American J. Bot. 96: 144-165.

Williams, J. 2012a. The evolution of pollen germination timing in flowering plants. P. 75, in Botany 2012: The Next Generation. July 7-11 - Columbus, Ohio. Abstracts.

Williams, J. H. 2012b. Pollen tube growth rates and the diversification of flowering plant reproductive cycles. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 173: 649-661.

Williams, J. H., Jr., & Friedman, W. E. 2001. Double fertilization and diploid endosperm in basal angiosperms? P. 26, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Williams, J. H., Jr., & Friedman, W. E. 2004. The four-celled female gametophyte of Illicium (Illiciaceae; Austrobaileyales): Implications for understanding the origin and early evolution of monocotyledons, eumagnoliids, and eudicots. American J. Bot. 91: 332-351.

Williams, J. H., & Mazer, S. J. 2016. Pollen - tiny and ephemeral but not forgotten: New ideas on their ecology and evolution. American J. Bot. 103: 365-374.

Williams, J. H., & Oliveira, P. E. 2020. For things to stay the same, things must change: Polyploidy and pollen tube growth rates. Ann. Bot. 125: 925-935.

Williams, J. H. [et al. 2010], Mcneilage, R. T., Lettre, M. T., & Taylor, M. L. 2010. Pollen tube growth and the pollen tube pathway of Nymphaea odorata (Nymphaeaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 162: 581-593.

Williams, J. H. [et al. 2014], Taylor, M. L., & O'Meara, B. C. 2014. Repeated evolution of tricellular (and bicellular) pollen. American J. Bot. 101: 559-571.

Williams, J. W., & Jackson, S. T. 2007. Novel climates, no-analog communities, and ecological surprises. Front. Ecol. Environ. 5: 475-482.

Williams, J. W. [et al. 2004], Shuman, B. N., Webb, T., III, Bartlein, P. J., & Leduc, P. L. 2004. Late-Quaternary vegetation dynamics in North America: Scaling from taxa to biomes. Ecol. Monogr. 74: 309-334.

Williams, J. W. [et al. 2007], Jackson, S. T., & Kutzback, J. E. 2007. Projected distributions of novel and disappearing climates by 2100 AD. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 104: 5738-5742.

Williams, K. J. [et al. 2004], Kress, W. J., & Manos, P. S. 2004. The phylogeny, evolution and classification of the genus Globba (Zingiberaceae): Appendages do matter. American J. Bot. 91: 100-114.

Williams, N. H. 1978. Pollen structure and the systematics of the Neotropical Gesneriaceae. Selbyana 2: 310-322.

Williams, N. H. 1982. The biology of orchids and euglossine bees. Pp. 119-171, in Arditti, J. (ed.), Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, vol. 2. Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

Williams, N. H., & Dressler, R. L. 1976. Euglossine pollination of Spathiphyllum (Araceae). Selbyana 1: 349-356.

Williams, N. H., & Whitten, W. M. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics and generic concepts in the Maxillarieae (Orchidaceae). Lankasteriana 7: 61-62.

Williams, N. H. [et al. 2001a], Chase, M. W., Fulcher, T., & Whitten, W. M. 2001a. Molecular systematics of the Oncidiinae based on evidence from four DNA sequence regions: Expanded circumscriptions of Cyrtochilum, Erycina, Otoglossum, and Trichocentrum and a new genus (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 16: 113-139.

Williams, N. H. [et al. 2001b], Chase, M. W., & Whitten, W. M. 2001b. Phylogenetic positions of Miltoniopsis, Caucaea, a new genus, Cyrtochiloides, and Oncidium phymatochilum (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data. Lindleyana 16: 272-285.

Williams, N. H. [et al. 2005], Whitten, W. M., & Dressler, R. L. 2005. Molecular systematics of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) and its allies: Nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data. Lankesteriana 5: 163-184.

Williams, P. H. [et al. 2008], Cameron, S. A., Hines, H. M., & Rasmont, P. 2008. A simplified subgeneric classification of the bumblebees (genus Bombus). Apidologie 39: 46-74.

Williams, P. [et al. 2009], Tang, Y., Yao, J., & Cameron, S. 2009. The bumblebees of Sichuan (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombini). Syst. Biodiv. 7: 101-189.

Williams, S. E. 2002. Comparative physiology of the Droseraceae sensu stricto - how do tentacles bend and traps close? Pp. 77-81, in Proceedings of the 4th International Carnivorous Plant Conference, Tokyo, Japan.

Williams, S. E., & Hartmeyer, S. R. H. 2017. Prey capture by Dionaea muscipula: A review of scientific literature with supplementary original research. Carniv. Plants Newsl. 46: 44-61.

Williams, S. E. [et al. 1994], Albert, V. A., & Chase, M. W. 1994. Relationships of Droseraceae: A cladistic analysis of rbcL sequence and morphological data. American J. Bot. 81: 1027-1037.

Williams, W. T., & Barber, D. A. 1961. The functional significance of aerenchyma in plants. Symposia Soc. Experim. Biol. 15: 132-144.

Williamson, P. S., & Schneider, E. L. 1993. Cabombaceae, pp. 157-160, and Nelumbonaceae, pp. 470-472, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Williamson, P. S., & Schneider, E. L. 1994. Floral aspects of Barclaya (Nymphaeaceae): Pollination, ontogeny and structure. Pp. 159-173, in Endress, P. K., & Friis, E. M. (eds), Early evolution of flowers. Springer, New York. [Plant Syst. Evol. Suppl. 8.]

Williamson, J. L. [et al. 2024], Gyllenhaal, E. F., Bauernfeind, S. M., Bautista, E., Baumann, M. J., Gadek, C. R., Marra, P. P., Ricote, N., Valqui, T., Bozinovic, F., Singh, N. D., & Witt, C. C. 2024. Extreme elevational migration spurred cryptic speciation in giant hummingbirds. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 121(21):e2313599121. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2313599121

Willig, M. R. [et al. 2003], Kaufman, D. M., & Stevens, R. D. 2003. Latitudinal gradients of biodiversity: Pattern, process, scale, and synthesis. Ann. Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 34: 273-309.

Willing, C. E. [et al. 2024], Wan, J., Yeam, J. J., Cessna, A. M., & Peay, K. G. 2024. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi equalize differences in plant fitness and facilitate plant species coexistence through niche differentiation. Nature Ecol. Evol. 8: 2058-2071. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02526-1

Willis, C. G. [et al. 2014a], Franzone, B. F., Xi, Z., & Davis, C. C. 2014a. The establishment of Central American migratory corridors and the biogeographic origins of seasonally dry tropical forests in Mexico. Front. Genet. 5:433. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00433

Willis, C. G. [et al. 2014b], Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M., Auld, J. R., Venable, D. L., Cavender-Bares, J., Donohue, K., Rubio de Casas, R. and The NESCent Germination Working Group. 2014b. The evolution of seed dormancy: Environmental cues, evolutionary hubs, and diversification of the seed plants. New Phytol. 203: 300-309.

Willis, C. G. [et al. 2014c], Hall, J. C., de Casas, R., Wang, T. Y., & Donohue, K. 2014c. Diversification and the evolution of dispersal ability in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae). Ann. Bot. 114: 1675-1686.

Willis, J. C. 1902a. A revision of the Podostemaceae of India and Ceylon. Ann. Royal Bot. Gard. Peradineya 1: 181-250.

Willis, J. C. 1902b. Studies in the morphology and ecology of the Podostemaceae of India and Ceylon. Ann. Royal Bot. Gard. Peradineya 1: 257-465.

Willis, J. C. 1922. Age and Area. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Willis, K. J., & MacDonald, G. M. 2011. Long-term ecological records and their relevance to climate change predictions for a warmer world. Annual Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 42: 267-287.

Willis, K. J., & McElwain, J. C. 2014. The Evolution of Plants. Ed. 2. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Willmer, C. M., & Fricker, M. D. 1996. Stomata. Ed. 2. Chapman & Hall, London.

Willmer, P. 2011. Pollination and Floral Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Willmott, K. R., & Freitas, A. V. L. 2006. Higher-level phylogeny of the Ithomiinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): Classification, patterns of larval hostplant colonization and diversification. Cladistics 22: 297-268.

Willmott, K. R., & Mallet, J. 2004. Correlations between adult mimicry and larval hostplants in ithomiine butterflies. Proc. Royal Soc. B, (Suppl.) 271: S266-S269.

Willner, W. [et al. 2014], Hülber, K., & Fischer, M. A. 2014. Return of the grades: Towards objectivity in evolutionary classification. Preslia 86: 233-243.

Willson, J., & Spellenberg, R. 1977. Observations on anthocarp anatomy in the subtribe Mirabilinae (Nyctaginaceae). Madroño 24: 104-111.

Willyard, A. [ et al. 2007], Syring, J., Gernandt, D. S., Liston, A., & Cronn, R. 2007. Fossil calibration of molecular divergence infers a moderate mutation rate and recent radiations for Pinus. Molec. Biol. Evol. 24: 90-101.

Wilmott-Dear, C. M., & Brummitt, R. K. 2007. Moraceae. Pp. 218-219, in Heywood, V. H., Brummitt, R. K., Culham, A., & Seberg, O. (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wilms, H. J. 1980. Development and composition of the spinach ovule. Acta Bot. Neerlandica 29: 243-260.

Wilmsen, S. 2017. Epidermale Mikrostrukturen von Blütenblättern: Einflus auf spektrale Reflexion und Attraktivität für Hummeln. Springer Spectrum, Wiesbaden.

Wilmshurst, J. M. [et al. 2010], Hunt, T. L., Lipo, C. P., & Anderson, A. J. 2010. High-precision radiocarbon dating shows recent and rapid initial human colonization of East Polynesia. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 108: 1815-1820. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1015876108

Wilson, A. J. G. (ed.). 1996. Flora of Australia. Volume 2. Winteraceae to Platanaceae. A.B.R.S/C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne.

Wilson, A. J. G. (ed.). 1999. Flora of Australia. Volume 17B. Proteaceae 3, Hakea to Dryandra. A.B.R.S/C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne.

Wilson, A. J. G. (ed.). 2000. Flora of Australia. Volume 17A. Proteaceae 2, Grevillea. A.B.R.S/C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne.

Wilson, A. J. G. (ed.). 1999. Flora of Australia. Volume 2. Winteraceae to Platanaceae. A.B.R.S/C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne.

Wilson, A. W. [et al. 2012], Binder, M., & Hibbett, D. S. 2012. Diversity and evolution of ectomycorrhizal host associations in the Sclerodermatineae (Boletales, Basidiomycota). New Phytol. 194: 1079-1095. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04109.x

Wilson, C. A. 2001. Floral stages, ovule development, and ovule and fruit success in Iris tenax, focusing on var. gormanii, a taxon with low seed set. American J. Bot. 88: 2221-2231.

Wilson, C. A. 2006. Patterns of evolution in characters that define Iris subgenera and sections. Pp. 425-433, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Excluding Poales. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 22: 425-433.]

Wilson, C. A. 2011. Subgeneric classification in Iris re-examined using chloroplast sequence data. Taxon 60: 27-35.

Wilson, C. A. 2017. Sectional relationships in the Eurasian bearded Iris (subgenus Iriis) based on phylogenetic analysis of sequence data. Syst. Bot. 42: 392-401.

Wilson, C. A., & Calvin, C. L. 1996. Anatomy of the dwarf mistletoe shoot system. Pp. 95-111, in Hawksworth, F. G., & Wiens, D. (eds), Dwarf Misteltoes: Biology, Pathology, and Systematics (Agriculture Handbook 709). Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington.

Wilson, C. A., & Calvin, C. L. 2003. Development, taxonomic significance and ecological role of the cuticular epithelium in the Santalales. IAWA J. 24: 129-138.

Wilson, C. A., & Calvin, C. L. 2006a. Character divergences and convergences in canopy-dwelling Loranthaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 150: 101-113.

Wilson, C. A., & Calvin, C. L. 2006b. An origin of aerial branch parasitism in the mistletoe family, Loranthaceae. American J. Bot. 93: 787-796.

Wilson, C. A., & Calvin, C. L. 2017 [= 2016]. Metadata provide insights on patterns of epiparasitisim in mistletoes (Santalales), an overlooked topic in forest biology. Botany 95: 259-269.

Wilson, C. A. [et al. 2016], Padiernos, J., & Sapir, Y. 2016. The royal irises (Iris subg. Iris sect. Oncocyclus): Plastid and low-copy nuclear data contribute to an understanding of their phylogenetic relationships. Taxon 65: 35-46.

Wilson, C. E. [et al. 2016], Forest, F., Devey, D. S., & Lucas, E. J. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships in Calyptranthes (Myrtaceae) with particular emphasis on its monophyly relative to Myrcia s.l. Syst. Bot. 41: 378-386.

Wilson, C. L. 1924. Medullary bundles in relation to primary vascular system in Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae. Bot. Gaz. 78: 175-199.

Wilson, C. L. 1942. The telome theory and the origin of the stamen. American J. Bot. 29: 759-764.

Wilson, C. L. 1950. Vasculation of the stamen in the Melastomataceae, with some phyletic implications. American J. Bot. 37: 431-444.

Wilson, C. L. 1965. The floral anatomy of the Dilleniaceae. I. Hibbertia Andr.. Phytomorph. 15: 248-274.

Wilson, C. L. 1974a. Floral anatomy in Gesneriaceae. I. Cyrtandroideae. Bot. Gaz. 135: 247-256.

Wilson, C. L. 1974b. Floral anatomy in Gesneriaceae. II. Gesnerioideae. Bot. Gaz. 135: 256-268.

Wilson, C. L. 1973 [= 1974c]. The floral anatomy of Dilleniaceae. II. Genera other than Hibbertia. Phytomorph. 23: 25-42.

Wilson, E. O. 1961. The nature of the taxon cycle in the Melanesian ant fauna. American Naturalist 95: 169-193.

Wilson, E. O., & Hölldobler, B. 2005. The rise of the ants: A phylogenetic and ecological explanation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 102: 7411-7414.

Wilson, G. P. 2014. Mammalian extinction, survival, and recovery dynamics across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in northeastern Montana, USA. Pp. 365-392, in Wilson G. P., Clemens, W. A., Horner, J. H. & Hartman, J. H. (eds), Through the End of the Cretaceous in the Type Locality of the Hell Creek Formation in Montana and Adjacent Areas. Geological Society of America Special Paper 503, doi:10.1130/2014.2503(15)

Wilson, G. P. [et al. 2012], Evans, A. R., Corfe, I. J., Smits, P. D., Fortelius, M., & Jernvall, J. 2012. Adaptive radiation of multituberculate mammals before the extinction of dinosaurs. Nature 483: 457-460. doi: 10.1038/nature10880

Wilson, G. W. T., & Hartnett, D. C. 1998. Interspecific variation in plant responses to mycorrhizal colonization in tallgrass prairie. American J. Bot. 85: 1732-1738.

Wilson, J. P. 2016 [= 2015]. Hydraulics of Psilophyton and evolutionary trends in plant water transport after terrestrialization. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 227: 65-76.

Wilson, J. P., & Knoll, A. H. 2010. A physiologically explicit morphospace for tracheid-based water transport in modern and extinct seed plants. Palaeobiol. 36: 335-355.

Wilson, J. P. [et al. 2017], Montañez, I. P., White, J. D., DiMichele, W. A., McElwain, J. C., Poulsen, C. J., & Hren, M. T. 2017. Dynamic Carboniferous tropical forests: New views of plant function and potential for physiological forcing of climate. New Phytol. 215: 1333-1353.

Wilson, J. P. [et al. 2020], White, J. D., Montañez, I. P., DiMichele, W. A., McElwain, J. C., Poulsen, C. J., & Hren, M. T. 2020. Carboniferous plant physiology breaks the mold. New Phytol. 227: 667-679. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16460

Wilson, J. S. [et al. 2012a], Forister, M. L., Dyer, L. A., O'Connor, J. M., Burls, K., Feldman, C. R., Jaramillo, M. A., Miller, J. S., Rodríguez-Castañeda, G., Tepe, E. J., Whitfield, J. B., & Young, B. 2012a. Host conservatism, host shifts and diversification across three trophic levels in two Neotropical forests. J. Evol. Biol. 25: 532-546.

Wilson, J. S. [et al. 2012b], von Dohlen, C. D., Forister, M. L., & Pitts, J. P. 2013 [=2012b]. Family-level divergences in stinging wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata), with correlations to angiosperm diversification. Evol. Biol. 40: 101-107.

Wilson, K. A. 1960. The genera of Hydrophyllaceae and Polemoniaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 41: 197-212.

Wilson, K. L. 2016. Report of the General Committee: 15. Taxon 65: 1150-1151.

Wilson, M. A. [et al. 1990], Gaut, B., & Clegg, M. T. 1990. Chloroplast DNA evolves slowly in the palm family (Arecaceae). Molec. Biol. Evol. 7: 303-314.

Wilson, P. [et al. 2004], Castellanos, M. C., Hogue, J. N., Thomson, J. D., & Armbruster, W. S. 2004. A multivariate search for pollination syndromes among penstemons. Oikos 104: 345-361.

Wilson, P. [et al. 2006], Castellanos, M. C., Wolfe, A. D., & Thomson, J. D. 2006. Shifts between bee and bird pollination in penstemons. Pp. 47-68, in Waser, N. M., & Ollerton, J. (eds), Plant-Pollinator Interactions: From Specialization to Generalization. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Wilson, P. [et al. 2007), Wolfe, A. D., Armbruster, W. S., & Thompson, J. D. 2007. Constrained lability in floral evolution: Counting convergent origins of hummingbird pollination in Penstemon and Keckiella. New Phytol. 176: 883-890.

Wilson, P. G. 1980. A revision of the Australian species of Salicornieae (Chenopodiaceae). Nuytsia 3: 1-154.

Wilson, P. G. 1998. A taxonomic revision of the genera Eriostemon and Philotheca (Rutaceae: Boronieae). Nuytsia 12: 239-265.

Wilson, P. G. 2011. Myrtaceae. Pp. 212-271, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Flowering Plants. X. Flowering Plants: Eudicots. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae. Springer, Berlin.

Wilson, P. G., & Heslewood, M. M. 2023. Revised taxonomy of the tribe Leptospermeae (Myrtaceae) based on morphological and DNA data. Taxon 72: 550-571

Wilson, P. G. [et al. 2001], O'Brien, M. M., Gadek, P. A., & Quinn, C. J. 2001. Myrtaceae revisited: A reassessment of infrafamilial groups. American J. Bot. 88: 2013-2025.

Wilson, P. G. [et al. 2005], O'Brien, M. M., Heslewood, M. M., & Quinn, C. J. 2005. Relationships within Myrtaceae sensu lato based on a matK phylogeny. Plant Syst. Evol. 251: 3-19.

Wilson, P. G. [et al. 2022], Heslewood, M. H., & Tarran, M. A. 2022. Three new tribes in Myrtaceae and reassessment of Kanieae. Australian Syst. Bot. 35: 181–197. doi:10.1071/SB21032

Wilson, R. [et al. 2007a], Gradstein, S. R., Schneider, H., & Heinrichs, J. 2007a. Unravelling the phylogeny of Lejeunaceae (Jungermanniopsida): Evidence for four main lineages. Molec. Phylog. Evol. 43: 270-282.

Wilson, R. [et al. 2007b], Heinrichs, J., Hentschel, J., Gradstein, S. R., & Schneider, H. 2007b. Steady diversification of derived liverwiorts under Tertiaty climatic fluctuations. Biol. Letters 3: 566-569.

Wilson, T. C. [et al. 2002], Gerrath, J. M., & Posluszny, U. 2002. Morphological and anatomical development in the Vitaceae. VIII. Comparative development of three Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) species reveals important vegattive and reproductive differences among the species. Canadian J. Bot. 84: 702-716.

Wilson, T. C. [et al. 2012], Conn, B. J., & Henwood, M. J. 2012. Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Prostanthera (Lamiaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 25: 341-352.

Wilson, T. C. [et al. 2017], Conn, B. J., & Henwood, M. J. 2017. Great expectations: Correlations between pollinator assemblages and floral characters in Lamiaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 178: 170-187.

Wilson, T. K. 1966. The comparative morphology of the Canellaceae. IV. Floral morphology and conclusions. American J. Bot. 53: 336-343.

Wilson, T. K., & Maculans, L. M. 1967. The morphology of the Myristicaceae. I. Flowers of Myristica fragrans and M. malabarica. American J. Bot. 54: 214-220.

Wilson, V. R., & Owens, J. N. 2006. Cytoplasmic inheritance in Podocarpus totara (Podocarpaceae). Pp. 171-172, in Mill, R. R. (ed.), IV International Conifer Conference. [ISIS Acta Horticulturae 615.]

Wimmer, F. E. 1943. Campanulaceae - Lobelioideae, I. Teil. In Mansfeld, R. (ed.), Das Pflanzenreich, T. IV. 276b (= Heft 106). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin.

Wimmer, F. E. 1968. Campanulaceae - Lobelioideae supplementum et Campanulaceae - Cyphioideae. In Danert, S. (ed.), Das Pflanzenreich. T. IV.276C (= Heft 105). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin.

Winde, I., & Wittstock, U. 2011. Insect herbivore counteradaptations to the plant glucosininolate-myrosinase system. Phytochem. 72: 1566-1575.

Windham, M. D. [et al. 2014], Beck, J., Alexander, P., Li, F.-W., Rushworth, C., Bailey, C. D., Allphin, L., & Al-Shehbaz, I. 2014. Newly documented hybrids in the tribe Bochereae (Brassicaceae) challenge current generic circumscriptions in the group. P. 217, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Windham, M. D. [et al. 2022], Pryer, K. M., & Allphin, L. 2022. An overview of New Mexican Boechera (Brassicaceae) including three new species and thirteen new nomenclatural combinations. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 16: 9-24.

Windsor, A. J. [et al. 2005], Reichelt, M., Figuth, A., Svatos, A., Kroymann, J., Kliebenstein, D. J., Gershenzon, J., & Mitchell-Olds, T. 2005. Geographic and evolutionary diversification of glucosinolates among near relatives of Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae). Phytochem. 66: 1321-1333.

Winfree, R. [et al. 2014], Williams, N. M., Dushoff, J., & Kremen, C. 2014. Species abundance, not diet breadth, drives the persistance of the most linked pollinators as plant-pollinator networks disassemble. American Naturalist 183: 600-611.

Wing, S. L. 1987. Eocene and Oligocene floras and vegetation of the Rocky Mountains. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 748-784.

Wing, S. L. 2004. Mass extinctions in plant evolution. Pp. 61-97, in Taylor, P. D. (ed.),Extinctions in the History of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Wing, S. L., & Boucher, L. D. 1998. Ecological aspects of the Cretaceous flowering plant radiation. Annual Review Earth Planet. Sci. 26: 379-421.

Wing, S. L., & Currano, E. D. 2013. Plant response to a global greenhouse event 56 million years ago. American J. Bot. 100: 1234-1254.

Wing, S. L., & Greenwood, D. R. 1993. Fossils and fossil climates: The case for equable Eocene continental interiors. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 341: 243-252. [See also pp. 243-252, in Allen, J. R. L., Hoskins, B. J., Sellwood, B. W., & Spicer, R. A. (eds), Palaeoclimates and their Modelling with Special Reference to the Mesozoic Era. Chapman & Hall, London.

Wing, S. L., & Tiffney, B. H. 1987. The reciprocal interaction of angiosperm evolution and tetrapod herbivory. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 50: 179-210.

Wing, S. L., & Tiffney, B. H. 1987b. Interactions of angiosperms and herbivorous tetrapods through time. Pp. 203-224, in Friis, E. M., Chaloner, W. G., & Crane, P. R. (eds), The Origins of Angiosperms and Their Biological Consequences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Wing, S. L. [et al. 2005], Harrington, G. J., Smith, F. A., Bloch, J. I., Boyer, D. M., & Freeman, K. H. 2005. Transient floral change and rapid global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Science 310: 993-996.

Wing, S. L. [et al. 2009], Herrera, F., Jaramillo, C. A., Gómez-Navarro, C., Wilf, P., & Labandeira, C. 2009. Late Paleocene fossils from the Cerrejón formation, Colombia, are the earliest record of Neotropical rainforest. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 106: 18627-18632.

Wing, S. L. [et al. 2012], Strömberg, C. A. E., Hickey, L. J., Tiver, F., Willis, B., Burnham, R. J., & Behrensmeyer, A. K. 2012. Floral and environmental gradients on a Late Cretaceous landscape. Ecol. Monogr. 82: 23-47.

Wing, S. L. [et al. 2013], Hickey, L. J., & Strömberg, C. A. E. 2013. Dominance and diversity in a Late Cretaceous fern prairie at Big Cedar Rifge, Wyoming. P. 53, in Botany 2013. Celebrating Diversity! July 27-31 - New Orleans. Abstracts.

Wings, S. [et al. 2013], Müller, H., Berg, G., Lamshöft, M., & Leistner, E. W. 2013. A study of the bacterial community in the root system of the maytansine containing plant Putterlickia verrucosa. Phytochem. 91: 158-164.

Wink, M. 1992. The role of quinolizidine alkaloids in plant-insect interactions. Pp. 131-165, in Bernays, E. (ed.), Insect-Plant Interactions. Volume IV. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FLA.

Wink, M. 2003. Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular phylogenetic perspective. Phytochem. 64: 3-19.

Wink, M. 2008. Plant secondary metabolism: Diversity, function and its evolution. Natural Product Communic. 3: 1205-1216.

Wink, M. 2006. Evolution and phylogeny of cycads. Pp. 1-28, in Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, part D. Phanerogams (Gymnosperm) and (Angiosperm-Monocotyledons). Scientific Publications, Enfield, NH.

Wink, M. 2013. Evolution of secondary metabolites in legumes (Fabaceae). South African J. Bot. 89: 164-175.

Wink, M., & Mohamed, G. I. A. 2003. Evolution of chemical defense traits in the Leguminosae: Mapping of distribution patterns of secondary metabolites on a molecular phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 31: 897-917.

Wink, M., & Waterman, P. 1999. Chemotaxonomy in relation to molecular phylogeny of plants. Pp. 17-133, in Wink, E. (ed.), Function of Plant Secondary Metabolites and their Exploitation in Biotechnology. [Annual Plant Reviews 2.] Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield.

Winkelmann, T. [et al. 2023], Bringmann, G., Herwig, A., & Hedrich, R. 2023. Carnivory on demand: Phosphorus deficiency induces glandular leaves in the African liana Triphyophyllum peltatum. New Phytol. 239: 1140-1152.

Winkler, I. S., & Mitter, C. 2008. The phylogenetic dimension of insect-plant interactions: A review of recent evidence. Pp. 240-263, in Tilmon, K. J. (ed.), Specialization, Speciation, and Radiation. The Evolutionary Biology of Herbivorous Insects. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Winkler, I. S. [et al. 2009], Mitter, C., & Scheffer, S. J. 2009. Repeated climate-linked host shifts have promoted diversification in a temperate clade of leaf-mining flies. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 106: 18103-18108.

Winkler, I. S. [et al. 2018], Scheffer, S. J., Lewis, M. L., Ottens, K. J., Rasmussen, A. P., Santillan, L. M. H., Condon, M. A., & Forbes, A. A. 2018. Anatomy of a Neotropical insect radiation. BMC Evol. Biol. 18:30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1146-9

Winkler, M. [et al. 2013], Tribsch, A., Schneeweiss, G. M., Brodbeck, S., Gugerli, F., Holderegger, R., & Schönswetter, P. 2015. Strong nuclear differentiation contrasts with widespread sharing of plastid DNA haplotypes across taxa in European purple saxifrages (Saxifraga section Pophyrion subsection Oppositifolia). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 173: 622-636.

Winkler, U., & Zotz, G. 2009. Highly efficient uptake of phosphorus in epiphytic bromeliads. Ann. Bot. 103: 477-484.

Winkworth, R. C., & Donoghue, M. J. 2004. Viburnum phylogeny: Evidence from the duplicated nuclear gene GBSSI. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 33: 109-126.

Winkworth, R. C., & Donoghue, M. J. 2005. Viburnum phylogeny based on combined molecular data: Implications for taxonomy and biogeography. American J. Bot. 92: 653-666.

Winkworth, R. C. [et al. 2002], Grau, J., Robertson, A. W., & Lockhart, P. J. 2002. The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 24: 180-193.

Winkworth, R. C. [et al. 2008a], Lundberg, J., & Donoghue, M. J. 2008a. Towards a resolution of campanulid phylogeny, with special reference to the placement of Dipsacales. Taxon 57: 53-65.

Winkworth, R. C. [2008b], Bell, C. D., & Donoghue, M. J. 2008b. Mitochondrial sequence data and Dipsacales phylogeny: Mixed models, partitioned Bayesian analysis, and model selection. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 46: 830-843.

Winse, I., & Wittstock, U. 2011. Insect herbivore counteradaptations to the plant glucosinolate-myrosinase system. Phytochem. 72: 1566-1575.

Winter, K. 1979. δ13C values of some succulent plants from Madagascar. Oecologia 40: 103-112.

Winter, K. 1981. C4 plants of high biomass in arid regons of Asia - occurrence of C4 photosynthesis in Chenopodiaceae and Polygonaceae from the Middle East and USSR. Oecologia 48: 100-106.

Winter, K. 2019. Ecophysiology of constitutive and facultative CAM photosynthesis. J. Experim. Bot. 70: 6495-6508.

Winter, K., & Holtum, J. A. M. 2011. Induction and reversal of CAM photosynthesis in Calandrinia polyandra Benth.: Effects of soil moisture and nutrients. Funct. Plant Ecol. 38: 576-582.

Winter, K., & Holtum, J. A. M. 2014. Facultative crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants: Powerful tools for unravelling the functional elements of CAM photosynthesis. J. Experim. Bot. 65: 3425-3441.

Winter, K., & Holtum, J. A. M. 2017. Facultative crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in four small C3 and C4 leaf-succulents. Australian J. Bot. 65: 103-108.

Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. (eds). 1996a. Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Springer, Berlin. [Ecological Studies, vol. 114.]

Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. 1996b. An introduction to crassulacean acid metabolism. Biochemical principles and ecological diversity. Pp. 1-13, in Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. (eds), Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Springer, Berlin. [Ecological Studies, vol. 114.]

Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. 2022 [= 2021]. CAM photosynthesis: The acid test. New Phytol. 232: 599-609.

Winter, K. [et al. 1985], Medina, E., Garcia, V., Mayoral, M. L., & Muniz, R. 1985. Crassulacean acid metabolism in roots of a leafless orchid, Campylocentrum tyrridion Garay & Dunsterv.. J. Plant Physiol. 118: 73–78.

Winter, K. [et al. 2015], Holtum, J. A. M., & Smith, J. A. C. 2015. Crassulacean acid metabolism: A continuous or discrete trait? New Phytol. 208: 73-78. doi: 10.1111/nph.13446

Winter, K. [et al. 2019], Sage, R. F., Edwards, E. J., Virgo, A., & Holtum, J. A. M. 2019. Facultative crassulacean acid metabolism in a C3-C4 intermediate. J. Experim. Bot. 70: 6571-6579.

Winter, K. (et al. 2021), Garcia, M., Virgo, A., Ceballos, J., & Holtum, J. A. M. 2021. Does the C4 plant Trianthema portulacastrum (Aizoaceae) exhibit weakly expressed crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)? Funct. Plant Biol. 48: 655–665.

Winter, K.-U. [et al. 1999], Becker, A., Münster, T., Kim, J. T., Saedler, H., & Theissen, G. 1999. MADS-box genes reveal that gnetophytes are more closely related to conifers than to flowering plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 96: 7342-7347.

Winter, P. J. D., & van Wyk, B.-E. 1996. A revision of the genus Heteromorpha (Apiaceae). Kew Bull. 51: 199-265.

Winter, P. J. D. [et al. 2008], Magee, A. R., Phephu, N., Tilney, P. M., Downie, S. R., & van Wyk, B.-E. 2008. A new generic classification for African peucedanoid species (Apiaceae). Taxon 57: 347-364.

Winter, S. [et al. 2016], Friedman, A. L. L., Astrin, J. J., Gottsberger, B., & Letsch, H. 2017 [= 2016]. Timing and host plant associations in the evolution of the weevil tribe Apionini (Apioninae, Brentidae, Curculionoidea, Coleoptera) indicate an ancient co-diversification pattern of beetles and flowering plants. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 107: 179-190.

Winterfeld, G. 2006. Molekular-cytogenetische Untersuchungen an Hafergräsern (Aveneae) und anderer Poaceae. Stapfia 86: 1-170.

Winterfeld, G. [et al. 2020], Ley, A., Hoffmann, M. H., Paule, J., & Röser, M. 2020. Dysploidy and polyploidy trigger strong variation of chromosome numbers in the prayer-plant family (Marantaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 306:36. https://doi.oeg/10.1007/s00606-020-01663-x

Winther, J. L., & Friedman, W. E. 2007. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts in Botrychium (Ophioglossaceae). American J. Bot. 94: 1248-1255.

Winther, J. L., & Friedman, W. E. 2008. Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in Lycopodiaceae. New Phytol. 177: 790-801.

Winther, J. L., & Friedman, W. E. 2009. Phylogenetic affinity of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts in Psilotum nudum. J. Plant Res. 122: 485-496.

Wion, A. P. [et al. 2021], Pearse, I. S., Rodman, K. C., Veblen, T. T., & Redmond, M. D. 2021. The effects of ENSO and the North American monsoon on mast seeding in two Rocky Mountain conifer species. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 376:20200378. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0378

Wipf, D. [et al. 2019], Krajinski, F., van Tuinen, D., Recorber, G., & Courty, P.-E. 2019. Trading on the arbuscular mycorrhiza market: From arbuscules to common mycorrhizal networks. New Phytol. 223: 1127-1142.

Wirth, M., & Withner, C. L. 1959. Embryology and development in the Orchidaceae. Pp. 155-188, in Withner, C. L. (ed.), The Orchids: A Scientific Survey. Wiley & Sons, New York.

Wirz, H. 1910. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Sciaphila spec. und von Epirrhizanthes elongata Bl. Flora 101: 395-446, pl. 4.

Wishingrad, V., & Thomson, R. C. 2023. Temperate zone isolation by climate: An extension of Janzen’s 1967 hypothesis. American Naturalist 201(2):

Wissels, D. C. J., & Potgieter, M. J. 1997. Observations on the natural grafting of Boscia albitruna onto Colophospermum mopane and Combretum imberbe. South African J. Bot. 63: 299-300.

Wissemann, V., & Ritz, C. M. 2007. Evolutionary patterns and processes in the genus Rosa (Rosaceae) and their implications for host-parasite co-evolution. Plant Syst. Evol. 266: 78-89.

Wissler, L. [et al. 2011], Codoñer, F. M., Gu, J., Reusch, T. B. H., Olsen, J. L., Procaccini, G., & Bornberg-Bauer, E. 2011. Back to the sea twice: Identifying candidate plant genes for molecular evolution to marine life. BMC Evol. Biol. 11:8. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-8

Wist, T. J., & Davis, A. R. 2006. Floral nectar production and nectary anatomy and ultrastructure of Echinacea purpuracea (Asteraceae). Ann. Bot. 97: 177-193.

Witts, J. D. [et al. 2016], Whittle, R. J., Wignall, P. B., Crame, J. A., Francis, J. E., Newton, R. J., & Bowman, V. C. Macrofossil evidemce for a rapid and severe Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction in Antarctica. Nature Communic. 7:11738. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11738

Wittstock, U. [et al. 2003], Kliebenstein, D., Lambrix, V., Reichelt, M., & Gershenzon, J. 2003. Glucosinolate hydrolysis and its impact on generalist and specialist insect herbivores. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 37: 101-125.

Wittstock, U. [et al. 2004], Agerbirk, N., Stauber, E. J., Olsen, C. E., Hippler, M., Mitchell-Olds, T., Gershenzon, J., & Vogel, H. 2004. Successful herbivore attack due to metabolic diversion of a plant chemical defense. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 101: 4859-4864.

Witztum, A., & Schulgasser, K. 1995. The mechanics of seed expulsion in Acanthaceae. J. Theor. Biol. 176: 531-542.

Witztum, A., & Wayne, R. 2016. Fiber cables in leaf blades of Typha domingensis and their absence in Typha elephantina: A diagnostic character for phylogenetic affinity. Israel J. Plant Sci. 63: 116-123.

Wodniok, S. [et al. 2011], Brinkmann, H., Glöckner, G., Heidel, A. J., Philippe, H., Melkonian, M., & Becker, B. 2011. Origin of land plants: Do conjugating green algae hold the key? BMC Evol. Biol. 11:104. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-104

Wojciechowska, B. 1972. Systematic studies on the seeds of the Solanaceae Pers. family. Monogr. Bot. 36: 117[-196]. [In Polish.]

Wojciechowski, M. F. 2003. Reconstructing the phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae): An early 21st century perspective. Pp. 5-35, in Klitgaard, B. B. & Bruneau, A. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wojciechowski, M. F. 2004. Astragalus (Fabaceae): A molecular phylogenetic perspective. Brittonia 57: 382-396.

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 1993], Sanderson, M. J., Baldwin, B. G., & Donoghue, M. J. 1993. Monophyly of aneuploid Astragalus: Evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. American J. Bot. 80: 711-722.

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 1993], Sanderson, M. J., & Hu, J.-M. 1999. Evidence on the monophyly of Astragalus (Fabaceae) and its major subgroups based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and chloroplast DNA trnL intron data. Syst. Bot. 24: 409-437.

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 2000], Sanderson, M. J., Steele, K. P., & Liston, A. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of the "temperate herbaceous tribes" of papilionoid legumes: A supertree approach. Pp. 277-298, in Herendeen, P. S., & Bruneau, A. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 2003], Lavin, M., & Sanderson, M. J. 2003. A phylogeny of legumes based on sequences of the plastid matK gene. P. 99, in Botany 2003: Aquatic and Wetland Plants: Wet and Wild. Abstracts. [ Mobile, Alabama.]

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 2004], Lavin, M., & Sanderson, M. J. 2004. A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family. American J. Bot. 91: 1846-1862.

Wojciechowski, M. F. [et al. 2008], Daniell, H., & Jansen, R. K. 2008. Phylogenetic distribution of intron losses from the plastid clpP and rps12 genus among legumes (Leguminosae). P. 100, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Wojewódzka, A. [et al. 2019], Baczynski, J., Banasiak, L., Downie, S. R., Czarnocka-Cieciura, A., Gierek, M., Frankiewicz, K., & Spalik, K. 2019. Evolutionary shifts in fruit dispersal in Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 305: 401-414.

Wolf, A. A. [et al. 2016], Funk, J. L., & Menge, D. N. L. 2017 [= 2016]. The symbionts made me do it: Legumes are not hardwired for high nitrogen concentrations but incorporate more nitrogen when inoculated. New Phytol. 213: 690-699.

Wolf, J., & Ziska, L. 2018. Comment on "Unexpected reversal of C3 versus C4 grass response to elevated CO2 during a 20-year field experiment". Science 361: 563. dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau1073 [See also Reich et al. 2018a, b; Nie et al. 2018.]

Wolf, P. G., & Karol, K. G. 2012. Plastomes of bryophytes, lycophytes and ferns. Pp. 89-102, in Bock, R., & Knoop, V. (eds), Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria. Springer, Berlin. [Adv. Photosyn. Respir. Vol. 35.]

Wolf, P. G., & Roper, J. M. 2008. Structure and evolution of fern plastid genomes. Pp. 159-174, in Ranker, T. A., & Roper, J. M. (eds), Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Wolf, P. G. [et al. 1998], Pryer, K. M., Smith, A. R., & Hasebe, M. 1998. Phylogenetic studies of extant pteridophytes. Pp. 541-556, in Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., & Doyle, J. J. (eds), Molecular Systematics of Plants. Ed. 2. Chapman & Hall, New York.

Wolf, P. G. [et al. 2005], Karol, K. G., Mandoli, D. F., Kuehl, J., Arumuganathan, K., Ellis, M. W., Mishler, B. D., Kelch, D. G., Olmstead, R. G., & Boore, J. L. 2005. The first complete chloroplast genome sequence of a lycophyte, Huperzia lucidula (Lycopodiaceae). Gene 350: 117-128.

Wolf, P. G. [et al. 2010], Roper, J. M., & Duffy, A. M. 2010. The evolution of chloroplast genome structure in ferns. Genome 53: 731-738.

Wolf, P. G. [et al. 2011], Der J. P., Duffy A. M., Davidson J. B., Grusz A. L., & Pryer K. M. 2011. The evolution of chloroplast genes and genomes in ferns. Plant Molec. Biol. 76: 251-261. doi:10.1007/S11103.010.9704.4

Wolfe, A. D. [et al. 2005], Randle, C. P., Liu, L., & Steiner, K. E. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeography of Orobanchaceae. Folia Geobot. 40: 115-134.

Wolfe, A. D. [et al. 2006], Randle, C. P., Datwyler, S. L., Morawetz, J. J., Arguedas, N., & Diaz, J. 2006. Phylogeny, taxonomic affinities, and biogeography of Penstemon (Plantaginaceae) based on ITS and cpDNA sequence data. American J. Bot. 93: 1699-1713.

Wolfe, A. P. [et al. 2009], Tappert, R., Muehlenbachs, K., Boudreau, M., McKellar, R. C., Basinger, J. F., & Garrett, A. 2009. A new proposal concerning the botanical origin of Baltic amber. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 3403-3412.

Wolfe, G. R. [et al. 1989], Xu, S., Patterson, G. W., & Salt, T. A. 1989. Polygonales and Plumbaginales: Sterol composition in relation to the Caryophyllidae. Phytochem. 28: 143-149.

Wolfe, J. A. 1978. A paleobotanical interpretation of Tertiary climates in the northern hemisphere. American Scientist 66: 694-703.

Wolfe, J. A. 1987. Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of deciduousness and the terminal Cretaceous event. Paleobiol. 13: 215-226.

Wolfe, J. A., & Upchurch, G. R. Jr. 1987. North American nonmarine climates and vegetation during the Late Cretaceous. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol.61: 33-77.

Wolfe, K. H. 2001. Yesterday's polyploids and the mystery of diploidization. Nature Rev. Genet. 2: 333-341.

Wolfe, K. H., & Shields, D. C. 1997. Molecular evidence for an ancient duplication of the entire yeast genome. Nature 387: 708-713.

Wolfe, K. H. [et al. 1992], Morden, C. W., & Palmer, J. D. 1992. Function and evolution of a minimal plastid genome from a non-photosynthetic parasitic plant. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 89: 10648-10652.

Wolff, R. L. [et al. 1997], Deluc, L. G., Marpeau, A. M., & Comps, B. 1997. Chemotaxonomic differentiation of conifer families and genera based on the seed oil fatty acid composition: Multivariate analyses. Trees Struct. Funct. 12: 57-65.

Wolff, R. L. [et al. 1999], Christie, W. W., Pédrono, F., Marpeau, A. M., Tsevegsüren, N., Aitzetmüller, K., & Gunstone, F. D. 1999. Δ5-olefinic acids in the seed lipids from four Ephedra species and their distribution between the alpha and ß positions of triacylglycerols. Characteristics common to coniferophytes and cycadophytes. Lipids 34: 855-864.

Wolff, R. L. [et al. 2002], Lavialle, O., Pédrono, F., Pasquier, E., Destaillats, F., Marpeau, A. M., Angers, P., &, Aitzetmüller, K. 2002. Abietoid seed fatty acid composition - a review of the genera Abies, Cedrus, Hesperopeuce, Keteleeria, Psuedolarix, and Tsuga and preliminary inferences on the taxonomy of Pinaceae. Lipids 37: 17-26.

Woolfson, K. N. [et al. 2022], Esfandiari, M., & Bernards, M. A. 2022. Suberin biosynthesis, assembly, and regulation. Plants 11:555. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants1104055

Wölk, A., & Röser, M. 2014. Polyploid evolution, intercontinental biogeographical relationships and morphology of the recently described African oat genus Trisetopsis (Poaceae). Taxon 63: 773-788.

Wölke, F. J. R. [et al. 2023], Cabral, A., Lim, J. Y., Kissling, W. D., & Onstein, R. E. 2023. Africa as an evolutionary arena for large fruits. New Phytol. 240: 1574-1586.

Wolowski, M. [et al. 2013], Saad, C. F., Ashman, T.-L., & Freitas, L. 2013. Predominance of self compatibility in hummingbird-pollinated plants in the Neotropics. Naturwiss. 100: 69-79.

Wolter-Filho, W. [et al. 1989], da Rocha, A. I., Yoshida, M., & Gottleib ["Cottlieb"], O. R. 1989. Chemosystematics of Rhabdodendron. Phytochem. 28: 2355-2357.

Woltz, P. [et al. 1994], Gondran, M., & Cherrier, J. F. 1994. Interspecific parasitism in the gymnosperms: Unpublished data on two endemic New Caledonian Podocarpaceae using scanning electron microscopy. Acta Bot. Gallica 141: 731-746.

Woltz, P. [et al. 1998], Gondran, M., Marguerier, J., & Gajardo, R. 1998. Xylologie des conifères endemiques des Andes meridionales au MEB. III. Podocarpaceae. Rev. Cyt. Biol. Végétales - le Bot. 21: 3-14.

Won, H. 2009. Phylogenetic position of Corchoropsis Siebold & Zucc. (Malvaceae s.l.). Pp. 201-202, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Won, H., & Renner, S. S. 2003. Horizontal gene transfer from flowering plants to Gnetum. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 100: 10824-10829.

Won, H., & Renner, S. S. 2006. Dating dispersal and radiation in the gymnosperm Gnetum (Gnetales) - clock calibration when outgroups are uncertain. Syst. Biol. 55: 610-622.

Wong, D. C. J., & Peakall, R. 2022. Orchid phylotranscriptomics: The prospects of repurposing multi-tissue transcriptomes for phylogenetic analysis and beyond. Front. Plant Sci. 13:910362. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.910362

Wong, K. M. 2012. Studies in Malesian Gentianaceae IV: A revision of Picrophloeus. Gard. Bull. Singapore 64: 511-522.

Wong, K. M. 2017. The Genus Saurauia in Borneo: A Revision with 62 New Species. Natural History Publications, Borneo.

Wong, K. M., & Neo, L. 2019. Species richness, lineages, geography, and the forest matrix: Borneo's 'Middle Sarawak' phenomenon. Gard. Bull. Singapore 71 (Suppl. 2): 463-496.

Wong, K. M. [et al. 2016], Goh, W. L., Chokthaweepanich, H., Clark, L. G., Sungkaew, S., Widjaja, E. A., & Xia, N.-H. 2016. A subtribal classification of Malesian and southwest Pacific woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) informed by morphological and molecular studies. Sandakania 22: 11-36.

Wong, K. M. [et al. 2018], Mahyuni, R., Ying, X., & Neo, L. 2018. Flora of Singapore precursors, 8. Systematy of the new Southeast Asian genera Canthiumera and Dibridsonia (Rubiaceae: Vanguiereae), with notes on plant architecture and reproductive ecology. Reinwardtia 17: 101-124.

Wong, M. M. [et al. 2017], Vaillancourt, R. E., Freeman, J. S., Hudson, C. J., Bakker, F. T., Cannon, C. H., & Ratnam, W. 2017. Novel insights into karyotype evolution and whole genome duplications in legumes. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/099044

Wong, S. Y. 2013. Rheophytism in Bornean Schismatoglottideae (Araceae). Syst. Bot. 38: 32-45.

Wong, S. Y., & Boyce, P. C. 2014. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXX - new species and combinations for Bucephalandra. Willdenowia 44: 149-199.

Wong, S. Y., & Chua, K. S. 2019. Phylogeny of Tacca (Taccaceae) and traits in reproductive structures, with description of a new Bornean species. Biodiversitas 20: 3096-3118.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2010], Boyce, P. C., bin Othman, A. S., & Pin, L. C. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) based on two plastid markers and recognition of a new tribe, Philonotieae, from the Neotropics. Taxon 59: 117-124.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2013], Jean, T. P., Kiaw, N. K., Othman, A. S., Boon, L. H., Ahmad, F. B., & Boyce, P. C. 2013. Phylogeny of Asian Homalomena (Araceae) based on the ITS region combined with morphological and chemical data. Syst. Bot. 38: 589-599.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2016], Meerow, A. W., & Croat, T. B. 2016. Resurrection and new species of the Neotropical genus Adelonema (Araceae: Philodendron clade). Syst. Bot. 41: 32-48.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2018], Hay, A., & Boyce, P. C. 2018. An annotated checklist for Schismatoglottis. Aroideana 41: 34-200.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2020], Joling, J., Pereira, J. T., Damit, A., Boyce, P. C., & Hay, A. 2020. Studies on Potheae (Araceae) of Borneo II: Pedicellarum M. Hotta subsumed into Pothos L., and recognition of three new species. Webbia 75: 89-103.

Wong, S. Y. [et al. 2022], Nor Fathiah, A. R., & Hetterscheid, W. 2022. Phylogeny of Amorphophallus on Borneo with notes on the floral biology of three species. Taiwania 67: 55-66.

Wong, W. O. [et al. 2015], Dilcher, D. L., Labandeira, C. C., Sun, G., & Fleischmann, A. 2015. Early Cretaceous Archaeamphora is not a carnivorous angiosperm. Front. Plant Sci. 6:326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00326

Wong Sato, A. A., & Kato, M. 2018. Breeding system and bumblebee drone pollination of an explosively pollen-releasing plant, Meliosma tenuis (Sabiaceae). Plant Biol. 20: 537-545.

Wong Sato, A. A., & Kato, M. 2019. Pollination-related functions of decorative sterile flowers of nine Japanese Hydrangea species (Hydrangeaceae). Botany 97: 521-528.

Wongso, S. [et al. 2017], Bastmeijer, J. D., Budianto, H., Ipor, I. B., Rysbjerg Munk K., Ørgaard, M., & Jacobsen, N. 2017. Six new Cryptocoryne taxa (Araceae) from Kalimantan, Borneo. Willdenowia 47: 325-339. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.47.47314

Woo, V. L. [et al. 2011], Funke, M. M., Smith, J. F., Lockhart, P. J., & Garnock-Jones, P. J. 2011. New World origins of southweat Pacific Gesneriaceae: Multiple movements across and within the South Pacific. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 172: 434-457.

Wood, C. E. Jr. 1971. The Saururaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 52: 479-485.

Wood, C. E. Jr. 1972. Morphology and phytogeography: The classical approach to the study of disjunctions. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 59: 107-124.

Wood, C. E. Jr. 1975. The Balsaminaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 56: 413-426.

Wood, C. E. Jr. 1983. Indexes to papers 1 to 100 published as parts of the generic flora of the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 64: 547-563.

Wood, C. E. Jr., & Channell, R. B. 1959. The Empetraceae and Diapensiaceae of the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 40: 161-171.

Wood, C. E. Jr., & Channell, R. B. 1960. The genera of the Ebenales in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 41: 1-35.

Wood, C. E. Jr., & Weaver, R. E. Jr. 1982. The genera of Gentianaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 63: 441-487.

Wood, D. [et al. 2019/2020], Besnard, G., Beerling, D. J., Osborne, C. P., & Christin, P.-A. 2019. Phylogenomics supports a Cenozoic rediversification of the "living fossil" Isoetes. bioRχiv https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.23.886994v1 = Wood, D. [et al. 2020], Besnard, G., Beerling, D. J., Osborne, C. P., & Christin, P.-A. 2020. Phylogenomics indicates the "living fossil" Isoetes diversified in the Cenozoic. PLoS ONE 15(6):e0227525. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227525

Wood, H. M. [et al. 2014], Gillespie, R. G., Griswold, C. E., & Wainwright, P. C. 2014. Why is Madagascar special? The extraordinarily slow evolution of pelican spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae). Evolution 69: 462-481.

Wood, J. J. 2014. Dendrobium of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kotah Kinabalu, Sabah.

Wood, J. R. I. 1997. A Handbook of the Yemen Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Wood, J. R. I. [et al. 2020], Muñoz-Rodríguez, P., Williams, B. R. M., & Scotland, R. W. 2020. A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World. PhytoKeys 143: 1-823.

Wood, M. D. 2005. Tannin and lipid content of acorns in scatterhoards and largerhoards. Northeastern Naturalist 12: 463-472.

Wood, S. L. 1982. The Bark and Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) of North and Central Amerioca, a Taxonomic Monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 6.

Wood, S. L., & Bright, D. E. 1992. A Catalog of Scolytidae and Playpodidae (Coleoptera). Part 2. Taxonomic Index. Volume A. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 13.

Wood, T. [et al. 2005], Burke, J. M., & Rieseberg, L. H. 2005. Parallel genotypic adaptation: When evolution repeats itself. Genetica 123: 157-170.

Wood, T. E. [et al. 2009], Takebayashi, N., Barker, M. S., Mayrose, I., Greenspoon, P. B., & Rieseberg, L. H. 2009. The frequency of polyploid speciation in vascular plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 106: 13875-13879.

Wood, T. H. [et al. 2000], Whitten, W. M., & Williams, N. H. 2000. Phylogeny of Hedychium and related genera (Zingiberaceae) based on ITS sequence data. Edinburgh J. Bot. 57: 261-270.

Woodcock, D. W. [et al. 2017], Meyer, H. W., & Prado, Y. 2017. The Piedra Chamana fosssil woods (Eocene, Peru). IAWA J. 38: 313-365.

Woodcock, E. F. 1914. Observations on the development and germination of the seed in certain Polygonaceae. American J. Bot. 1: 454-476.

Woodcock, E. F. 1924. Observations on the morphology of the seed in Phytolacca. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 4(1): 413-418, pl. 21-22.

Woodcock, E. F. 1926. Morphology of the seed of Claytonia virginica. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 5: 195-200, pl. 19, 20.

Woodcock, E. F. 1928. Observations on the morphology of the seed of Cerastium vulgatum L. Papers Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 8: 233-238, pl. 18.

Woodcock, E. F. 1929. Seed studies in Nyctaginaceae. Papers Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 9: 495-502, pl. 90, 91.

Woodcock, E. F. 1932. Seed development in Amaranthus caudatus L. Papers Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 15: 173-178, pl. 13, 14.

Woodcock, E. F. 1933. Seed studies in Cyclamen persicum Papers Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 17: 415-420.

Woodgyer, E. M. 2007. Melastomataceae. Pp. 206-207, in Heywood, V. H., Brummitt, R. K., Culham, A., & Seberg, O. (eds), Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Woodhouse, M. R. [et al. 2011], Tang, H., & Freeling, M. 2011. Different gene families in Arabidopsis thaliana transposed in different epochs and at different frequencies throughout the rosids. Plant Cell 23: 4241-4253.

Woodhouse, M. R. [et al. 2014], Cheng, F., Pires, J. C., Lisch, D., Freeling, M., & Wang, X. 2014. Origin, inheritance, and gene regulatory consequences of genome dominance in polyploids. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 111: 5283-5288.

Woodhouse, M. R. [et al. 2018], Cheng, F., Pires, J. C., Lisch, D., Freeling, M. & Wang, X. 2018. Origin, inheritance, and gene regulatory consequences of genome dominance in polyploids. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 111: 5283-5288.

Woodson, R. E., Jr. 1935. Observations on the inflorescence of Apocynaceae, with special reference to the American genera of Echitoideae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 1-48.

Woodson, R. E., Jr, & Moore, J. A. 1938. The vascular anatomy and comparative morphology of apocynaceous flowers. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 65: 135-166, pl. 3-5.

Woodward, C. L. [et al. 2007], Berry, P. E., Maas-van de Kamer, H., & Swing, K. 2007. Tiputinia foetida, a new mycoheterotrophic genus of Thismiaceae from Amazonian Ecuador, and a likely case of deceit pollination. Taxon 56: 157-162.

Woodward, F. I. [et al. 2004], Lomas, M. R., & Kelly, C. K. 2004. Global climate and the distribution of plant biomes. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 359: 1465-1476.

Wool, D. 2004. Galling aphids: Specialization, biological complexity, and variation. Ann. Review Entomol. 49: 175-192.

Wooley, S. N. C. [et al. 2016], Tittensor, D. P., Dunstan, P. R., Guillera-Arroita, G., Lahoz-Monfort, J. J., Wintle, B. A., Worm, B., & O'Hara, T. D. 2016. Deep-sea diversity patterns are shaped by energy availability. Nature 533: 393-396.

Woolfenden, H. C. [et al. 2018], Baillie, A. L., Gray, J. E., Hobbs, J. K., Morris, R. J., & Fleming, A. J. 2018. Models and mechanisms of stomatal mechanics. Trends Plant Sci. 23: 822-832.

Wootton, J. T., & Sun, I. 1990. Bract liquid as a herbivore defence mechanism for Heliconia wagneriana inflorescences. Biotropica 22: 155-159.

Worberg, A. [et al. 2006], Quandt, D., Barniske, A.-M., Löhne, C., Hilu, K. W., & Borsch, T. 2006. Towards understanding early eudicot diversification: Insights from rapidly evolving and non-coding DNA. P. 268, in Botany 2006. Looking to the Future - Conserving the Past. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Worberg, A. [et al. 2007a], Quandt, D., Barniske, A.-M., Löhne, C., Hilu, K. W., & Borsch, T. 2007a. Phylogeny of basal eudicots: Insights from non-coding and rapidly evolving DNA. Organisms Divers. Ecol. 7: 55-77.

Worberg, A. [et al. 2007b], Quandt, D., Korotkova, N., & Borsch, T. 2007b. Phylogenetic analysis of rosids using fast evolving and non-coding chloroplast markers. P. 262, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Worberg, A. [et al. 2009], Alford, M. H., Quandt, D., & Borsch, T. 2009. Huerteales sister to Brassicales plus Malvales, and newly circumscribed to include Dipentodon, Gerrardina, Huertea, Perrottetia, and Tapiscia. Taxon 58: 468-478.

Worchel, E. R. [et al. 2013], Giauque, H. E., & Kivlin, S. N. 2013. Fungal symbionts alter plant drought response. Microb. Ecol. 65: 671-678.

World Flora Online. http://www.worldfloraonline.org

World List of Plants with Extrafloral Nectaries - see also Weber et al. 2015.

Worobiec, G. [et al. 2010], Worobiec, E., & Kvacek, Z. 2010. Neogene leaf morphotaxa of Malvaceae s.l. in Europe. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 171: 892-914.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2005a], Scotland, R. W., & Rudall, P. J. 2005a. Floral anatomy of Thomandersia (Lamiales), with particular reference to the nature of the retinaculum and extranuptial nectaries. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 149: 469-482.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2005b], Rudall, P. J., Harris, D. J., & Scotland, R. W. 2005b. How much data are needed to resolve a difficult phylogeny? Case study in Lamiales. Syst. Biol. 54: 697-709.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2007a], Harris, D. J., & Scotland, R. W. 2007a. On the taxonomy and phylogenetic position of Thomandersia. Syst. Bot. 32: 415-444.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2007b], Funk, V. A., Robinson, H., Skvarla, J. J., & Blackmore, S. 2007b. A search for pollen morphological synapomorphies to classify rogue genera in Compositae (Asteraceae). Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 146: 169-181.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2008], Funk, V. A., & Skvarla, J. J. 2008. Pollen and the evolution of Arctotidae (Compositae). Bot. Review 74: 438-466.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2009], Blackmore, S., & Skvarla, J. J. 2009. Bilbiography of pollen literature in Compositae. Pp. 807-867, in Funk, V. A., Susanna, A., Stuessy, T. F. & Bayer, R. J. (eds), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae. I.A.P.T.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2012], Blackmore, S., Chissoe, W. F., & Skvarla, J. J. 2012. Recent advances in Compositae (Asteraceae) palynology, with emphasis on previously unstudied and unplaced taxa. Grana 51: 158-170.

Wortley, A. H. [et al. 2015], Wang, H., Lu, L., Li, D.-z., & Blackmore, S. 2015. Evolution of angiosperm pollen. 1. Introduction. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 100: 177-226.

Wörz, A. 2005. A new subgeneric classification of the genus Eryngium L. (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 126: 253-259.

Wörz, A. 2011. Revision of Eryngium (Apiaceae-Saniculoideae): General part and Palaearctic species. Bibl. Bot. 159: 1-498.

Wragg, P. D., & Johnson, S. D. 2011. Transition from wind pollination to insect pollination in sedges: Experimental evidence and functional traits. New Phytol. 191: 1128-1140.

Wright, A. M., & Hillis D. M. 2014. Bayesian analysis using a simple likelihood model outperforms parsimony for estimation of phylogeny from discrete morphological data. PLoS ONE 9(10):e109210. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109210

Wright, A. M. [et al. 2015], Lyons, K. M., Brandley, M. C., & Hillis D. M. 2015. Which came first: The lizard or the egg? Robustness in phylogenetic reconstruction of ancestral states. J. Experim. Zool. (Molec. Devel. Evol.) 324B: 504-516.

Wright , C. J. [et al. 2024], Stevens, L., Mackintosh , A., Lawniczak, M., & Blaxter, M. 2024. Comparative genomics reveals the dynamics of chromosome evolution in Lepidoptera. Nature Ecol. Evol. 8: 777-790. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02329-4

Wright, H. [et al. 2009], van Doorn, W. G., & Gunawardena, A. H. L. A. N. 2009. In vivo study of developmental programmed cell death using the lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis; Aponogetonaceae) leaf model system. American J. Bot. 96: 865-876.

Wright, I. J. [et al. 2000], Clifford, H. T., Kidson, R., Reed, M. L., Rice, B. L., & Westoby, M. 2000. A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 69: 521-547.

Wright, I. J. [et al. 2004], Reich, P. B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D. D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, T., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P. K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B. B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., Midgley, J. J., Navas, M.-L., Niinemets, Ü., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Poot, P., Prior, L., Pyankov, V. I., Roumet, C., Thomas, S. C., Tjoelker, M. G., Veneklaas, E. J., & Villar, R. 2004. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature 428: 821-827. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02403

Wright, J. P., & Jones, C. G. 2006. The concept of organisms as ecosystem engineers ten years on: Progress, limitations, and challenges. BioScience 56: 203-209.

Wright, M. A. R. [et al. 2011], Welsh, M., & Costea, M. 2011. Diversity and evolution of the gynoecium in Cuscuta (dodders, Convolvulaceae) in relation to their reproductive biology: Two styles are better than one. Plant Syst. Evol. 296: 51-76.

Wright, S. D. [et al. 2000a], Keeling, D. J., Ashton, F. G., Dawson, J. W., & Gardner, R. C. 2000a. Phylogenetic analyses of New Caledonian Metrosideros and Carpolepis (Myrtaceae) from nrDNA (ITS) sequences. Australian Syst. Bot. 13: 919-926.

Wright, S. D. [et al. 2000b], C. G. Yong, C. G., Dawson, J. W., Whittaker, D. J., & Gardner, R. C. 2000b. Riding the ice age El Niño? Pacific biogeography and evolution of Metrosideros subg. Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 97: 4118-4123.

Wright, S. D. [et al. 2001], Yong, C. G., Wichman, S. R., Dawson, J. W., & Gardner, R. C. 2001. Stepping stones to Hawaii: A trans-equatorial dispersal pathway for Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from nrDNA (ITS + ETS). J. Biogeog. 28: 769-774.

Wright, T. F. [et al. 2008], Schirtzinger, E. E., Matsumoto, T., Eberhard, J. R., Graves, G. R., Sanchez, J. J., Capelli, S., Müller, H., Scharpegge, J., Chambers, G. K., & Fleischer, R. C. 2008. A multilocus molecular phylogeny of the parrots (Psittaciformes): Support for a Gondwanan origin during the Cretaceous. Molec. Biol. Evol. 25: 2141-2156. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msn160

Wróblewska, M. [et al. 2016], Dolzblasz, A., & Zagórska-Marek, B. 2016. The role of ABC genes in shaping perianth phenotype in the basal angiosperm Magnolia. Plant Biol. 18: 230-238.

Wronska-Pilarek, D. 2001. Seed morphology of the Polish native species of the genus Ribes L. Part 1. General characteristic. Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 70: 281-289.

Wronska-Pilarek, D. [et al. 2018], Szkudlarz, P., & Bocianowski, J. 2017. Systematic importance of morphological features of pollen grains of species from Erica (Ericaceae) genus. PLoS ONE 13(10):e0205447. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204557

Wu, C.-C. [et al. 2011], Diggle, P. K., & Friedman, W. E. 2011. Female gametophyte development and double fertilization in Balsas teosinte, Zea mays subsp. parviglumis (Poaceae). Sex. Plant Reprod. 24: 219-229.

Wu, C.-C. [et al. 2018], Diggle, P. K., & Friedman, W. E. 2018. Kin recognition within a seed and the effect of genetic relatedness of an endosperm to its compatriot embryo on maize seed development. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110: 2217-2222.

Wu, C.-S., & Chaw, S.-M. 2014. Highly rearranged and size-variable chloroplast genomes in conifers II clade (Cupressophytes): Evolution towards shorter intergenic spacers. Plant Biotech. J. 12: 344-353.

Wu, C.-S., & Chaw, S.-M. 2015. Evolutionary stasis in cycad plastomes and the first case of plastome GC-based gene conversion. Genome Biol. Evol. 7: 2000-2009. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evv125

Wu, C.-S., & Chaw, S.-M. 2016. Large-scale comparative analysis reveals the mechanisms driving plastomic compaction, reduction, and inversions in Conifers II (Cupressophytes). Genome Biol. Evol. 8: 3740-3750. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evw278

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2007], Wang, Y.-N., Liu, S.-M., & Chaw, S.-M. 2007. Chloroplast genome (cpDNA) of Cycas taitungensis and 56 cp protein-coding genes of Gnetum parvifolium: Insights into cpDNA evolution and phylogeny of extant seed plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 24: 1366-1379.

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2009], Lai, Y.-T., Lin, C.-P., Wang, Y.-N., & Chaw, S.-M. 2009. Evolution of reduced and compact chloroplast genomes (cpDNAs) in gnetophytes: Selection towards a lower-cost strategy. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 52: 115-124.

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2011a], Lin, C.-P., Hsu, C.-Y., Wang, R.-J., & Chaw, S.-M. 2011a. Comparative chloroplast genomes of Pinaceae: Insights into the mechanism of diversified genomic organizations. Genome Biol. Evol. 3: 309-319.

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2011b], Wang, Y.-N., Hsu, C.-Y., & Chaw, S.-M. 2011b. Loss of different inverted repeat copies from the chloroplast genomes of Pinaceae and cupressophytes and influence of heterotachy on the evaluation of gymnosperm phylogeny. Genome Biol. Evol. 3: 1284-1295.

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2013], Chaw, S.-M., & Huang, Y.-Y. 2014 [= 2013]. Chloroplast phylogenomics indicates that Ginkgo biloba is sister to cycads. Genome Biol. Evol. 5: 243-254. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evt001

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2017], Wang, T.-J., Wu, C.-W., Wang, Y.-N., & Chaw, S.-M. 2017. Plastome evolution in the sole hemiparasitic genus laurel dodder (Cassytha) and insights into the plastid phylogenomics of Lauraceae. Genome Biol. Evol. 9: 2604-2614. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx177

Wu, C.-S. [et al. 2022], Chen, C.-I., & Chaw, S.-M. 2022. Plastid phylogenomics and plastome evolution in the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae). Front. Plant Sci. 13:1061174. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1061174

Wu, C.-Y., & Kubitzki, K. 1993. Circeasteraceae, pp. 288-289, Lardizabalaceae, pp. 361-365, Rhoipteleaceae, pp. 584-585, and Saururaceae, pp. 586-588, in Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J. G., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families. Springer, Berlin.

Wu, D. [et al. 2005], Wang, H., Li, D.-Z., & Blackmore, S. 2005. Pollen morphology in Parnassia L. (Parnassiaceae) and its systematic implications. J. Integ. Plant Biol. 47: 2-12.

Wu, F., & Tanksley, S. D. 2010. Chromosome evolution in the plant family Solanaceae. BMC Genomics 11:182. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-182

Wu, F. [et al. 2006], Mueller, L. A., Crouzillat, D., Pétiard, V., & Tanksley, S. D. 2006. Combining bioinformatics and phylogenetics to identify large sets of single-copy, orthologous genes (COSII) for comparative, evolutionary and systematic studies: A test case in the asterid plant clade. Genetics 174: 1407-1420.

Wu, G. A. [et al. 2014], Prochnik, S., Jenkins, J., Salse, J., Hellsten, U., Murat, F., Perrier, X., Ruiz, M., Scalabrin, S., Terol, J., Takita, M. A., Labadie, K., Poulain, J., Couloux, A., Jabbari, K., Cattonaro, F., Del Fabbro, C., Pinosio, S., Zuccolo, A., Chapman, J., Grimwood, J., Tadeo, F. R., Estornell, L. H., Muñoz-Sanz, J. V., Ibanez, V., Herrero-Ortega, A., Aleza, P., Pérez-Pérez, J., Ramón, D., Brunel, D., Luro, F., Chen, C., Farmerie, W. G., Desany, B., Kodira, C., Mohiuddin, M., Harkins, T., Fredrikson, K., Burns, P., Lomsadze, A., Borodovsky, M., Reforgiato, G., Freitas-Astúa, J., Quetier, F., Navarro, L., Roose, M., Wincker, P., Schmutz, J., Morgante, M., Machado, M. A., Talon, M., Jaillon, O., Ollitrault, P., Gmitter, F., & Rokhsar, D. 2014. Sequencing of diverse mandarin, pummelo and orange genomes reveals complex history of admixture during citrus domestication. Nature Biotech. 32: 656-662.

Wu, G. A. [et al. 2018], Terol, J., Ibanez, V. López-García, A., Pérez-Román, E., Borredá, C., Domingo, C., Tadeo, F. R., Carbonell-Caballero, J., Alonso, R., Curk, F., Du, D., Ollitrault, P., Roose, M. L., Dopazo, J., Gmitter, F. G. Jr, Rokhsar, D. S., & Talon, M. 2018. Genomics of the origin and evolution of Citrus. Nature 554: 311-316.

Wu, H. [et al. 2016], Ma, Z., Wang, M.-M., Qin, A.-L., Ran, J.-H., & Wang, X.-Q. 2016. A high frequency of allopolyploid speciation in the gymnospermous genus Ephedra and its possible association with some biological and ecological features. Molec. Ecol. 25: 1192-1210. doi: 10.1111/mec.13538

Wu, H. [et al. 2020], Yu, Q., Ran, J.-H., & Wang, X.-Q. 2021 [= 2020]. Unbiased subgenome evolution in allotetraploid species of Ephedra and its implications for the evolution of large genomes in gymnosperms. Genome Biol. Evol. 13(2):evaa236. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa236

Wu, H. [et al. 2022], Bo, Y. J., Liu, J.-X., Li, D.-Z., & Ma, P. F. 2022. Organelle phylogenomics and extensive conflicting phylogenetic signals in the monocot order Poales. Front. Plant Sci. 12:824672. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.824672

Wu, H.-C. [et al. 2007], Su, H.-J., & Hu, J.-M. 2007. The identification of A-, B-, C-, and E-class MADS-box genes and implications for perianth evolution in the basal eudicot Trochodendron aralioides (Trochodendraceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 775-799.

Wu, J., & Baldwin, I. T. 2010. New insights into plant responses to the attack from insect herbivores. Ann. Review Genet. 44: 1-24.

Wu, J.-Y. [et al. 2017], Wilf, P., Ding, S.-T., An, P.-C., & Dai, J. 2017. Late Miocene Cyclocarya Juglandaceae) from southwest China and its biogeographic implications. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 178: 580-591.

Wu, M. [Meng] [et al. 2019], Kostyun, J. L., & Moyle, L. C. 2019. Genome sequence of Jaltomata addresses rapid reproductive trait evolution and enhances comparative genomics in hyper-diverse Solanaceae. Genome Biol. Evol. 11: 335-349.

Wu, M. [Mengxiao] [et al. 2022], Huang, J., Manchester, S. R., Tang. H., Gao, Y., Wang, T., Zhou, Z., & Su, T. [2023] [= 2022]. A new fossil record of Palaeosinomenium (Menispermaceae) from the Upper Eocene in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 310:104827.

Wu, M. [Mingsong] [et al. 2022], Zhang, K., Yang, X., Qian, X., Li, R., & Wei, J. 2022. Paracladopus chiangmaiensis (Podostemaceae), a new generic record for China and its complete plastid genome. PhytoKeys 195: 1-13.

Wu, M.-J. [et al. 2016], Huang, T.-C., Liu, C.-C., Chen, Y.-J., Chang, Y.-S., Hsu, C.-L., Wu, S.-Y., Tseng, A.-Y., Chang, Y.-C., Liu, C.-C., & Kaewmuan, A. 2016. Pollen morphology and taxonomy in Malesian Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae). J. Japanese Bot. 91[Suppl.]: 257-292.

Wu, Q. [et al. 2022], Tong, W., Zhao, H., Ge, R., Li, R., Huang, J., Li, F., Wang, Y., Mallano, A. I., Deng, W., Wang, W., Wan, X., Zhang, Z., & Xia, E., 2022. Comparative transcriptomic analysis unveils the deep phylogeny and secondary metabolite evolution of 116 Camellia plants. Plant J. 111: 406–421. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15799.

Wu, S. [Shaoyuan], [et al. 2014a], Rheindt, F. E., Zhang, J., Wang, J., Zhang, L., Quan, C., Li, Z., Wang, M., Wu, F., Qu, Y., Edwards, S. V., Zhou, Z., & Liu, L. 2014a. Genomes, fossils, and the concurrent rise of modern birds and flowering plants in the Late Cretaceous. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 121:e2319696121. C.f. Springer, M. S., & Gatesy, J. 2024. A new phylogeny for Aves is compromised by pervasive misalignment and homology problems. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 121:e2406494121, and Wu, S. [et al. 2014b], Rheindt, F. E., Zhang, J., Wang, J., Zhang, L., Quan, C., Li, Z., Wang, M., Wu, F., Qu, Y., Edwards, S. V., Zhou, Z., & Liu, L. 2014b. Reply to Springer and Gatesy: The impact of long branches and misalignments on phylogenetic analysis is minimal. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 121:e2409344121

Wu, S. [Songlin] [et al. 2024], Fu, W., Rillig, M.C., Chen, B., Zhu, Y.-G., & Huang, L. 2024. Soil organic matter dynamics mediated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi — an updated conceptual framework. New Phytol. 242: 1417-1425. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19178

Wu, S.-D. [et al. 2015], Lin, L., Li, H.-L., Yu, S.-X., Zhang, L.-J., & Wang, W. 2015. Evolution of Asian interior arid-zone biota: Evidence from the diversification of Asian Zygophyllum (Zygophyllaceae). PLoS ONE 10(9):e0138697. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138697

Wu, S.-D. [et al. 2018], Zhang, L.-J., Lin, L., Yu, S.-X., Chen, Z.-D., & Wang, W. 2018. Insights into the historical assembly of global dryland floras: The diversification of Zygophyllaceae. BMC Evol. Biol. 18:166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1277-z

Wu, T. [et al. 2020], Tang, J., & Huang, S.-Q.. 2020. Foraging behavior and pollination efficiency of generalist insects in an understory dioecious shrub Helwingia japonica. American J. Bot. 107: 1274-1282.

Wu, W. [et al. 2010], Zhou, R., Huang, Y., Boufford, D. E., & Shi, S. 2010. Molecular evidence for the natural intergeneric hybridization between Liquidambar and Altingia. J. Plant Res. 123: 231-239.

Wu, X. [et al. 2010], Wang, J., Na, J. K., Yu, Q., Moore, R. C., Zee, F., Huber, S. C., & Ming, R. 2010. The origin of the non-recombining region of sex chromosomes in Carica and Vasconcellea. Plant J. 63: 801-810. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04284.x

Wu, Y. [et al. 2017], You, H.-L., & Li, X.-Q. 2018 [= 2017]. Dinosoaur-associated Poaceae epidermis and phytoliths from the Early Cretaceous of China. National Sci. Review 5: 721-727.

Wu, Z. [Zefeng] [et al. 2022], Chen, H., Pan, Y., Feng, H., Fang, D., Yang, J., Wang, Y., Yang, J., Sahu, S. K., Liu, J., Xing, Y., Wang, X., Liu, M., Luo, X., Gao, P., Li, L., Liu, Z., Yang, H., Liu, X., Xu, X., Liu, H., & Wang, E. 2022. Genome of Hippophae rhamnoides provides insights into a conserved molecular mechanism in actinorhizal and rhizobial symbioses. New Phytol. 235: 276-291. https://0-doi-org.explore.searchmobius.org/10.1111/nph.18017

Wu, Z., & Sloan, D. B. 2019 [= 2018]. Recombination and intraspecific polymorphism for the presence and absence of entire chromosomes in mitochondrial genomes. Heredity 122: 647–659.

Wu, Z. [Zhihua] [et al. 2014], Gui, S., Quan, Z., Pan, L., Wang, S., Ke, W., Liang, D., & Ding, Y. 2014. A precise chloroplast genome of Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae) evaluated with Sanger, Illumina MiSeq, and PacBio RS II sequencing platforms: Insight into the plastid evolution of basal eudicots. BMC Plant Biol. 14:289. doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0289-0

Wu, Z. [et al. 2019], Wang, M., Yang, S., Chen, S., Liu, C., Wang, S., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Liu, H., Qin, R., & Wang, X. 2019. A global coexpression network of soybean genes gives insights into the evolution of nodulation in nonlegumes and legumes. New Phytol. 223: 2104-2119.

Wu, Z.-Q. [or Z., = Zhiqiang], & Ge, S. 2012 [= 2011]. The phylogeny of the BEP clade in grasses revisited: Evidence from the whole-genome sequences of chloroplasts. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 62: 573-578.

Wu, Z., & Sloan, D. B. 2019 [= 2018]. Recombination and intraspecific polymorphism for the presence and absence of entire chromosomes in mitochondrial genomes. Heredity 122: 647–659.

Wu, Z. [et al. 2015], Cuthbert, J. M., Taylor, D. R., & Sloan, D. B. 2015. The massive mitochondrial genome of the angiosperm Silene noctiflora is evolving by gain or loss of entire chromosomes. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 10185-10191.

Wu, Z. [et al. 2017], Sloan, D. B., Brown, C. W., Rosenblueth, M., Palmer, J. D., & Ong, H. C. 2017. Mitochondrial retroprocessing promoted functional transfers of rpl5 to the nucleus in grasses. Molec. Biol. Evol. 34: 2340-2354.

Wu, Z.-Y. 1983. On the significance of Pacific intercontinental discontinuity. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 577-590.

Wu, Z.-Y. [et al. 2002], Lu, A.-M., Tang, Y.-C., Chen, Z.-D., & Li, D.-Z. 2002. Synopsis of a new "polyphyletic-polychronic-polytopic" system of the angiosperms. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 40: 298-322. [In Chinese.]

Wu, Z.-Y. [et al. 2003], Lu, A.-M., Tang, Y.-C., Chen, Z.-D., & Li, D.-Z. 2003. The Families and Genera of Angiosperms in China: A Comprehensive Analysis. Science Press, Beijing.

Wu, Z.-Y. [et al. 2013], Monro, A. K., Milne, R. I., Wang, H., Liu, J., & Li, D.-Z. 2013. Molecular phylogeny of the nettle family (Urticaceae) inferred from multiple loci of three genomes and extensive generic sampling. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 69: 814-827.

Wu, Z.-Y. [et al. 2015], Milne, R. I., Chen, C.-J., Liu, J., Wang, H., & Li, D.-Z. 2015. Ancestral state reconstruction reveals rampant homoplasy of diagnostic morphological characters in Urticaceae conflicting with current classification schemes. PLoS ONE 10(11):e0141821. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141821

Wu, Z.-Y. [et al. 2018], Liu, J., Provan, J., Wang, H., Chen, C.-J., Cadotte, M. W., Luo, Y.-H., Amorim, B. S., Li, D.-Z., & Milne, R. I. 2018. Testing Darwin's transoceanic dispersal hypothesis for the inland nettle family (Urticaceae). Ecol. Lett. 21: 1515-1529. doi: 10.1111/ele.13132

Wulff, T. 1898. Studien über verstopfte Spaltöffunungen. Österreichische Bot. Zeitschr. 48: 201-209, 252-258, 298-307, Taf. 8.

Wunderlich, R. 1937. Zur vergleichenden Embryologie der Liliaceae-Scilloideae. Flora 132: 48-90.

Wunderlich, R. 1950. Die Agavaceae Hutchinsons im Lichte ihrer Embryologie, ihres Gynözeum-, Staublatt- und Blattbaues. Oesterreichische Bot. Zeitschr. 97: 437-502.

Wunderlich, R. 1954. Über das Antherentapetum mit besonderer Berücksichtigung siner Kernzahl. Oesterreichische Bot. Zeitschr. 101: 1-63.

Wunderlich, R. 1959. Zur Frage der Phylogenie der Endospermtypen bei den Angiospermen. Oesterreichische Bot. Zeitschr. 106: 203-293.

Wunderlich, R. 1967a. Some remarks on the taxonomic significance of the seed coat. Phytomorph. 17: 301-311.

Wunderlich, R. 1967b. Ein Vorschlag su einer natürlichen Gliederung der Labiaten auf grund der Pollenkörner, der Samenentwicklung und des reifen Samens. Österreichische Bot. Zeitschr. 114: 383-483.

Wunderlich, R. 1971. Die systematische Stellung von Theligonum. Österreichisches Bot. Zeitschr. 119: 329-394.

Wunderlin, R. P. 2010. Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae: Cercideae). Phytoneuron 2010-48: 1-5.

Wunderlin, R. P. [et al. 1987], Larsen, K., & Larsen, S. S. 1987. Reorganization of the tribe Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae). Biol. Skr. 28: 1-40.

Wunderlin, U. 1992. Untersuchungen zur vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte von Scrophulariaceen -Blüten. Dissert. Bot. 188: iii-vi, 1-313.

Wurdack, J. J. 1986. Atlas of hairs for Neotropical Melastomataceae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 63: 1-80.

Wurdack, K. 2008. Evolution and biogeography of Picrodendraceae: Saga of the spiny-pollen spurges. P. 116, in Botany 2008. Botany without Borders. [Botanical Society of America, etc. Abstracts.]

Wurdack, K. J. 2023. A new, disjunct species of Bahiana (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): Phytogeographic connections between the seasonally dry tropical forests of Peru and Brazil, and a review of spinescence in the family. PhytoKeys 219: 121-144. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.219.95872

Wurdack, K. J., & Chase, M. W. 2002. Phylogenetics of Euphorbiaceae s. str. using plastid (rbcL and trnL-F) sequences. P. 160, in Botany 2002: Botany in the Curriculum, Abstracts. [Madison, Wisconsin.]

Wurdack, K. J., & Davis, C. C. 2009. Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life. American J. Bot. 96: 1551-1570.

Wurdack, K. J., & Dorr, L. J. 2009. The South American genera of Hemerocallidaceae (Eccremis and Pasithea): Two introductions to the New World. Taxon 58: 1122-1132.

Wurdack, K. J., & Farfan-Rios, W. 2017. Incadendron: A new genus of Euphorbiaceae tribe Hippomaneae from the sub-Andean cordilleras of Ecuador and Peru. Phytokeys 85: 69-86.

Wurdack, K. J., & Horn, J. W. 2001. A reevaluation of the affinities of the Tepuianthaceae: Molecular and morphological evidence for placement in the Malvales. P. 151, in Botany 2001: Plants and People, Abstracts. [Albuquerque.]

Wurdack, K. J., & Michelangeli, F. A. 2019. Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae), with a second species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. PhytoKeys 136: 1-21.

Wurdack, K. J., & Zartman, C. E. 2019. Insights on the systematics and morphology of Humiriaceae (Malpighiales): Androecial and extrafloral nectary variation, two new combinations, and a new Sacoglottis from Guyana. PhytoKeys 124: 87-121.

Wurdack, K. J. [et al. 2004], Hoffmann, P., Samuel, R., de Bruijn, A., van der Bank, M., & Chase, M. W. 2004. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Phyllanthaceae (Phyllanthoideae pro parte, Euphorbiaceae sensu lato) using plastid rbcL sequences. American J. Bot. 91: 1882-1900.

Wurdack, K. J. [et al. 2005], Hoffmann, P., & Chase, M. W. 2005. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of uniovulate Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto) using plastid rbcL and trnL-F DNA sequences. American J. Bot. 92: 1397-1420.

Wurdack, K. J. [et al. 2011], Horn, J. W., & van Ee, B. W. 2011. The giant genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae): Deep phylogenetics and major evolutionary patterns. P. 222, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Wurzberger, N., & Hedin, L. O. 2016 [= 2015]. Taxonomic identity determines N2 fixation by canopy trees across lowland tropical forsts. Ecol. Lett. 19: 62-70.

Wurzberger, N., & Hendrick, R. L. 2009. Plant litter chemistry and mycorrhizal roots promote a nitrogen feedback in a temperate forest. J. Ecol. 97: 528-536.

Wurzberger, N. [et al. 2017], Brookshire, E. N. J., McCormack, M. L., & Lankau, R. A. 2017. Mycorrhizal fungi as drivers and modulators of terrestrial ecosystem processes. New Phytol. 213: 996-999.

Wuyun, T.-n. [et al. 2017], Wang, L., Liu, H., Wang, X., Zhang, L., Bennetzen, J. L., Li, T., Yang, L., Liu, P., Du, L., Wang, L., Huang, M., Qing, J., Zhu, L., Bao, W., Li, H., Du, Q., Zhu, J., Yang, H., Yang, S., Liu, H., Yue, H., Hu, J., Yu, G., Tian, Y., Liang, F., Hu, J., Wang, D., Gao, R., Li, D., & Du, H. 2018 [= 2017]. The Hardy Rubber Tree genome provides insights into the evolution of polyisoprene biosynthesis. Molec. Plant. 11: 429-442. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.11.014

Wyatt, G. A. K. [et al. 2014], Kiers, E. T., Gardner, A., & West, S. A. 2014. A biological market analysis of the plant-mycorrhizal symbiosis. Evolution 68: 2603-2618.

Wyatt, G. E., & Sazima, M. 2011. Pollination and reproductive biology of thirteen species of Begonia in the Serra do Mar State Park, São Paulo, Brazil. J. Poll. Ecol. 6(14): 95-107.

Wyatt, R., & Lipow, S. R. 2007. A new explanation for the evolution of pollinia and loss of carpel fusion in Asclepias and the Apocynaceae s.l.. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 474-484.

Wyatt, R., & Lipow, S. R. 2021. Reproductive biology of Mimosa microphylla and Albizia julibrissin (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) with a new explanation for the evolution of polyads, restricted stigmas, and polycarpelly in the mimosoid clade. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 148: 97-108.

Wyatt, R. L. 1955. An embryological study of four species of Asarum. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 71: 64-82.

Wynn, J. G. [et al. 2020], Alemseged, Z., Bobe, R., Grine, F. E., Negash, E. W., & Sponheimer, M. 2020. Isotopic evidence for the dietary shift toward C4 foods in eastern African Paranthropus. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 117: 21978-21984.

Wyrebeck, M. [et al. 2011], Huber, C., Sasan, R. K., & Bidochka, M. J. 2011. Three sympatrically occuring species of Metarhizium show plant rhizosphere specificity. Microbiol. 157: 2903-2911.

Wysocki, W. P [et al. 2014], Clark, L. G., Kelchner, S. A., Attigala, L., Ruiz-Sanchez, E., & Duvall, M. R. 2014. A full-plastome phylogenomic study on the tropical bamboo lineages. P. 311, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Wysocki, W. P [et al. 2015], Clark, L. G., Attigala, L., Ruiz-Sanchez, E., & Duvall, M. R. 2015. Evolution of the bamboos (Bambusoideae; Poaceae): A full plastome phylogenomic analysis. BMC Evol. Biol. 15:50 doi 10.1186/s12862-015-0321-5

Wysocki, W. P [et al. 2016], Ruiz-Sanchez, E., Yin, Y., & Duvall, M. R. 2016. The floral transcriptomes of four bamboo species (Bambusoideae; Poaceae): Support for common nancestry ampong woody bamboos. BMC Genomics 17:384. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2707-1

Xavier, A., Yadav, R., & Gowda, V. 2024. Evolutionary patterns of chromosome counts and genome size variations show positive correlations with taxonomic diversity in tropical gingers. American J. Bot. 111(8):e16334. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16334

Xi, H.-C. [et al. 2014], Sun, Y., & Xue, C.-Y. 2014. Molecular phylogeny of Swertiinae (Gentianaceae-Gentianeae) based on sequence data of ITS and matK. Plant Divers. Resources 36: 145-156. [In Chinese.]

Xi, Y.-Z., & Tang, Y.-C. 1990. Pollen morphology and phylogenetic relationships in Diapensiaceae. Cathaya 2: 89-112.

Xi, Y.-Z., & Wang, F.-H. 1989. Pollen exine ultrastructure of extant Chinese gymnosperms. Cathaya 1: 119-142.

Xi, Z. [et al. 2010], Ruhfel, B. R., Wurdack, K., Amorim, A., & Davis, C. C., III. 2010. Complete plastid genomes do not resolve deep relationships in Malpighiales. P. 90, in Botany 2010. July 31 - August 4, Providence, Rhode Island. Scientific Abstracts.

Xi, Z. [et al. 2012a], Bradley, R. K., Wurdack, K. J., Wong, K. M., Sugumaran, M., Bomblies, K., Rest, J. S., & Davis, C. C., III. 2012a. Horizontal transfer of expressed genes in a parasitic flowering plant. BMC Genomics 13:227. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-227, http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/13/227

Xi, Z. [et al. 2012b], Ruhfel, B. R., Schaefer, H., Amorim, A. M., Sugumaran, M., Wurdack, K. J., Endress, P. K., Matthews, M., Stevens, P. F., Mathews, S., & Davis, C. C., III. 2012b. Phylogenomics and a posteriori data partitioning resolve the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation in Malpighiales. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109: 17519-17524.

Xi, Z. [et al. 2013a], Wang, Y., Bradley, R. K., Sugumaran, M., Marx, C. J., Rest, J. S., & Davis, C. C. 2013. Massive mitochondrial gene transferin a parasitic flowering plant. PLoS Genetics 9(2): e1003265. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003265

Xi, Z. [et al. 2013b], Rest, J. S., & Davis, C. C. 2013b. Phylogenomics and coalescent analyses resolve extant seed plant relationships. PLoS ONE 8(11):e80870. doi:10.137/journal.pone.0080870

Xi, Z. [et al. 2014], Liu, L., Rest, J. S., & Davis, C. C. 2014. Coalescent versus concatenation methods and the placement of Amborella as sister to water lilies. Syst. Biol. 63: 919-932.

Xia, E. [et al. 2020], Tong, W., Hou, Y., An, Y., Chen, L., Wu, Q., Liu, Y., Yu, J., Li, F., Li, R., Li, P., Zhao, H., Ge, R., Huang, J., Mallano, A. I., Zhang, Y., Liu, S., Deng, W., Song, C., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Wei, S., Zhang, Z., Xia, T., Wei, C., & Wan, X. 2020. The reference genome of tea plant and resequencing of 81 diverse cccessions provide insights into its genome evolution and adaptation. Molec. Plant 13: 1013-1026.

Xia, M.-Z. [et al. 2022], Yan Li, Y., Zhang, F.-Q., Yu, J.-Y., Khan, G., Chi, X.-F., Xu, H., & Chen, S.-L. 2022. Reassessment of the phylogeny and systematics of Chinese Parnassia (Celastraceae): A thorough investigation using whole plastomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA. Front. Plant Sci. 13:855944. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.855944

Xia, N.-H. 2012. A new classification system of the family Magnoliaceae. Pp. 12-38, in Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae. Huazhong University Science and Technology Publication.

Xia, N. [et al. 2008], Liu L., & Nooteboom, H. P. 2008. Magnoliaceae. Pp. 48-91, in Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H., & Hong, D. Y. (eds), Flora of China. Vol. 7. Science Press, Beijing.

Xia, Q., & Peng, Z.-X. 1989. A study on the seed of Lardizabalaceae and Sargentodoxaceae, (1) A SEM examination of testa. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 27: 273-276, pl. 1-3. [In Chinese.]

Xia, X.-M. [et al. 2021], Yang, M.-Q., Li, C.-L., Huang, S.-X., Jin, W.-T., Shen, T.-T., Wang, F., Li, X.-H., Yoichi, W., Zhang, L.-H., Zheng, Y.-R., & Wang, X.-Q. 2022 [= 2021]. Spatiotemporal evolution of the global species diversity of Rhododendron. Molec. Biol. Evol. 39:msab314. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab314

Xia, Y.-M. [et al. 2004], Kress, W. J., & Prince, L. M. 2004. Phylogenetic analyses of Amomum (Alpinioideae: Zingiberaceae) using ITS and matK sequence data. Syst. Bot. 29: 334-344.

Xia, Z. [et al. 2009], Wang, Y.-Z., & Smith, J. F. 2009. Familial placement and relations of Rehmannia and Triaenophora (Scrophulariaceae s.l.) inferred from five gene regions. American J. Bot. 96: 519-530.

Xia, Z. [et al. 2019], Wen, J., & Gao, Z. 2019. Does the enigmatic Wightia belong to Paulowniaceae (Lamiales)? Front. Plant Sci. 10:528. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00528

Xia, Z. [et al. 2021], Li, C.-C., Wen, J., & Wang, Y.-Z. 2021. Rehmannieae or Rehmanniaceae? Evidence from plastome sequences and floral morphology. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 196: 145-162.

Xia, Z.-Q. [et al. 2021], Wei, Z.-Y., Shen, H., Shu, J.-P., Wang, T., Gu, Y.-F., Jaisi, A., & Yan, Y.-H. 2022 [= 2021]. Lycophyte transcriptomes reveal two whole-genome duplications in Lycopodiaceae: Insights into the polyploidization of Phlegmariurus. Plant Divers. 44: 262-270

Xiang, C. L. [et al. 2012], Gitzendanner, M. A., Soltis, D. E., Peng, H., & Lei, L. G. 2012. Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic and critically endangered genus Saniculiphyllum (Saxifragaceae) inferred from combined analysis of plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 64: 357-367.

Xiang, C.-L. [et al. 2018], Zhao, F., Cantino, P. D., Drew, B. T., Li, B., Liu, E.-D., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., & Peng, H. 2018. Molecular systematics of Caryopteris (Lamiaceae) and its allies with reference to the molecular phylogeny of subfamily Ajugoideae. Taxon 67: 376-394.

Xiang, C.-L. [et al. 2019], Dong, H.-J., Landrein, S., Zhao, F., Yu, W.-B., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Backlund, A., Wang, H.-F., Li, D.-Z., & Peng, H. 2020 [= 2019]. Revisiting the phylogeny of Dipsacales: New insights from phylogenomic analyses of complete plastomic sequences. J. Syst. Evol. 58: 103-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12526

Xiang, C.-L. [et al. 2021], Pan, H.-L.,Min, D.-Z., Zhang, D.-G., Zhao, F., Liu, B., & Li, B. 2021. Rediscovery of Mazus lanceifolius reveals a new genus and a new species in Mazaceae. PhytoKeys 171: 1-24.

Xiang, J. Q.-Y. [et al. 2007], Thomas, D. T., & Manchester, S. R. 2007. Phylogeny and biogeography of Cornales - increased sampling in taxa and characters, placement of Hydrostachys, BEAST versus Multidivtime, and DIVA versus AreA. P. 150, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Xiang, K.-L. [et al. 2017], Aytaç, Z., Liu, Y., Espinosa, F., Jabbour, F., Byng, J. W., Zhang, C.-F., Erst, A. S., & Wang, W. 2017. Recircumscription of Delphinium subg. Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) and implications for its biogeography. Taxon 66: 554-566.

Xiang, K.-L. [et al. 2018], Erst, A. S., Xiang, X.-G., Jabbour, F.,& Wang, W. 2018. Biogeography of Coptis Salisb. (Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae, Coptidoideae), an Eastern Asian and North American genus. BMC Evol. Biol. 18:74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1195-0

Xiang, K.-L. [et al. 2022], Mao, W., Peng, H.-W., Erst, A. S., Yang, Y.-X., He, W.-C., & Wu, Z.-Q. 2022. Organization, phylogenetic marker exploitation, and gene evolution in the plastome of Thalictrum (Ranunculaceae). Front. Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.897843

Xiang, Q., & Li, J. 2005. Derivation of Xanthocyparis and Juniperus from within Cupressus: Evidence from sequences of nrDNA internal transcribed spacer region. Harvard Papers Bot. 9: 375-382.

Xiang, Q.-P. [et al. 2009], Xiang, Q.-Y., Guo, Y.-Y., & Zhang, X.-C. 2009. Phylogeny of Abies inferred from nrITS sequence data. Taxon 58: 141-152.

Xiang, Q.-P. [et al. 2014], Wei, R., Shao, Y.-Z., Yang, Z.-Y., Wang, X.-Q., & Zhang, X.-C. 2015 [= 2014]. Phylogenetic relationships, possible ancient hybridization, and biogeographic history of Abies (Pinaceae) based on data from nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial genomes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 82: 1-14.

Xiang, Q.-P. [et al. 2018], Wei, R., Zhu, Y.-M., Harris, A. J., & Zhang, X.-C. 2018. New infrageneric classification of Abies in light of molecular phylogeny and high diversity in western North America. J. Syst. Evol. 56: 562-572.

Xiang, Q.-P. [et al. 2022], Tang, J.-Y., Yu, J.-G., Smith, D. R., Zhu, Y.-M., Wang, Y.-R., Kang, J.-S., Yang, J., & Zhang, X.-C. 2022. Evolution of extremely diverged plastomes in Selaginellaceae (Lycophyte) is driven by repeat patterns and the underlying DNA maintenance machinery. Plant J. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15851.

Xiang, Q.-Y. 1999. Systematic affinities of Grubbiaceae and Hydrostachyaceae within Cornales - insights from rbcL sequences. Harvard Papers Bot. 4: 527-542.

Xiang, Q. Y. 2016. Aucubaceae, Helwingiaceae. Pp. 37-40, 213-216, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Xiang, Q.-Y., & Thomas, D. T. 2008. Tracking character evolution and biogeographic history through time in Cornaceae - does choice of methods matter? J. Syst. Evol. 46: 349-374.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 1993], Soltis, D. E., Morgan, D. R., & Soltis, P. S. 1993. Phylogenetic relationships of Cornus L. sensu lato and putative relatives inferred from rbcL sequence data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 723-734.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 1997], Brunsfeld, S. J., Soltis, D. E., & Soltis, P. S. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships in Cornus based on chloroplast DNA restriction sites: Implications for biogeography and character evolution. Syst. Bot. 21: 515-534.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 1998], Brunsfeld, S. J., & Soltis, P. S. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships of Cornaceae and close relatives inferred from matK and rbcL sequences. American J. Bot. 85: 285-297.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 2002], Moody, M., Soltis, D. E., Fan, C.-Z., & Soltis, P. S. 2002. Relationships within Cornales and circumscription of Cornaceae - matK and rbcL sequence data and effects of outgroups and long branches. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 24: 35-57.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 2006], Thomas, D. T., Zhang, W. H., Manchester, S. R., & Murrell, Z. 2006. Species level phylogeny of the genus Cornus (Cornaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence - implications for taxonomy and Tertiary intercontinental migration. Taxon 55: 9-30.

Xiang, Q.-Y. [et al. 2010], Feng, C., Liu, X., & Franks, R. G. 2010. Floral and petaloid bract development in dogwoods (Cornus, Cornaceae) - testing the role of B-class genes. Pp. 35-36, in Botany 2010. July 31 - August 4, Providence, Rhode Island. Scientific Abstracts.

Xiang, Q.-Y. (J.) [et al. 2011], Thomas, D. T., & Xiang, Q. P. 2011. Resolving and dating the phylogeny of Cornales - effects of taxon sampling, data partitions and fossil calibrations. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 50: 123-138.

Xiang, X.-G. [et al. 2012], Li, D.-Z., Jin, W.-T., Zhou, H.-L., Li, J.-W., & Jin, X.-H. 2012. Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic orchid genera Thaia and Tangtsinia: Evidence from molecular and morphological characters. Taxon 61: 45-54.

Xiang, X. G. [et al. 2013], Schuiteman, A., Li, D.-Z., Huang, W.-C., Chung, S.-W., Li, J.-W., Zhou, H.-L., Jin, W.-T., Lai, Y.-J., Li, Z.-Y., & Jin, X.-H. 2013. Molecular systematics of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae) from mainland Asia based on plastid and nuclear sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 69: 950-960. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.009

Xiang, X.-G. [et al. 2014a], Wang, W., Li, R.-Q., Lin, L., Liu, Y., Zhou, Z.-K., Li, Z.-Y., & Chen, Z.-D. 2014a. Large-scale phylogenetic analyses reveal fagalean diversification promoted by the interplay of diaspores and environments in the Paleogene. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 16: 101-110.

Xiang, X.-G. [et al. 2014b], Jin, W.-T., Li, D.-Z., Schuiteman, A., Huang, W.-C., Li, J.-W., Jin, X.-H., & Li, Z.-Y. 2014b. Phylogenetics of tribe Collabieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) based on four chloroplast genes with morphological appraisal. PLoS ONE 9(1):e87625. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087625

Xiang, X.-G. [et al. 2016], Mi, X.-C., Zhou, H.-L., Li, J.-W., Chung, S.-W., Li, D.-Z., Huang, W.-C., Jin, W.-T., Li, Z.-Y., Huang, L.-Q., & Jin, X.-H. 2016. Biogeographical diversification of mainland Asian Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) and its implications for the historical dynamics of evergreen broad-leaved forests. J. Biogeog. 43: 1310-1323. doi:10.1111/jbi.12726

Xiang, Y. [et al. 2016], Huang, C.-H., Hu, Y., Wen, J., Li, S., Yi, T., Chen, H., Xiang, J., & Ma, H. 2017 [= 2016]. Evolution of Rosaceae fruit types based on nuclear phylogeny in the context of geological times and genome duplication. Molec. Biol. Evol. 34: 262-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw242

Xiao, H. [et al. 2023], Liu, Z., Wang, N., Long, Q., Cao, S., Huang, G., Liu, W., Peng, Y., Riaz, S.,. Walker, A. M., Gaut, B. S., & Zhou, Y. 2023. Adaptive and maladaptive introgression in grapevine domestication. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 120(24):e2222041120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2222041120

Xiao, J. [et al. 2022], Lyu, R., He, J., Li, M., Ji, J., Cheng, J., & Xie, L. 2022. Genome-partitioning strategy, plastid and nuclear phylogenomic discordance, and its evolutionary implications of Clematis (Ranunculaceae). Front. Plant Sci. 13:1059379. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1059379

Xiao, L. [et al. 2015], Yang, G., Zhang, L., Yang, X., Zhao, S., Ji, Z., Zhou, Q., Hu, M., Wang, Y, Chen, M., Xu, Y., Jin, H., Xiao, X., Hu, G., Bao, F., Hu, Y., Wan, P., Li, L., Deng, X., Kuang, T., Xiang, C., Zhu, J.-K., Oliver, M. J., & He, Y. 2015. The resurrection genome of Boea hygrometrica: A blueprint for survival of dehydration. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 5833-5837.

Xiao, L. [et al. 2021], Labandeira, C. C., Dilcher, D. L., & Ren, D. 2021. Florivory of Early Cretaceous flowers by functionally diverse insects: Implications for early angiosperm pollination. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 288:20210320. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0320

Xiao, L. F. [et al. 2022a], Labandeira, C. C., & Ren, D. 2022a. Insect herbivory immediately before the eclipse of the gymnosperms. Insect Sci. 29. doi:10.1017/pab.2021.20.

Xiao, L. F. [et al. 2022b], Labandeira, C. C., Dilcher, D. L., & Ren, D. 2022b. Insect herbivory at the dawn of angiosperm diversification. Cretaceous Res. 131:105088. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105088

Xiao, L.-Q., & Möller, M. 2015. Nuclear ribosomal ITS functional paralogs resolve the phylogenetic relationships of a late-Miocene radiation cycad Cycas (Cycadaceae). PLoS ONE 10::e0117971. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117971

Xiao, L.-Q., & Zhu, H. 2007. Paraphyly and phylogenetic relationshps in Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) inferred from chloroplast rps16 data. Bot. Stud. 48: 227-232.

Xiao, Q. [et al. 2020], Feng, T., & Yu, Y. 2020. The complete chloroplast genome of Mahonia oiwakensis (Berberidaceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Mitochondrial DNA, Part B, 6: 692-194.

Xiao, T.-W. [et al. 2020], Xu, Y., Jin, L., Liu, T.-J., Yan, H.-F., & Ge, X.-J. 2020. Conflicting phylogenetic signals in plastomes of the tribe Laureae (Lauraceae). PeerJ. 8:e10155. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10155

Xiao, W., & Simpson, B. B. 2015. Phylogenetic analysis of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) and evaluation of two controversial taxonomic species. Lundellia 18: 14-27.

Xiao, W., & Simpson, B. B. 2017. A new infrageneric classification of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) based on a well-supported molecular phylogeny. Syst. Bot. 42: 226-233.

Xie, D. [Daotao] [et al. 2015], He, J., Huang, J., Xie, H., Wang, Y., Kang, Y., Jabbour, F., & Guo, J. 2015. Molecular phylogeny of Chinese Stephania (Menispermaceae) and reassessment of subgeneric and sectional classifications. Australian Syst. Bot. 28: 246-255.

Xie, D. [Dasen] [et al. 2019], Xu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, W., Zhou, Q., Luo, S., Huang, W., He, X., Li, Q., Pang, Q., Yang, X., Yuan, J., Yu, J., Wang, X., Lucas, W. J., Huang, S., Jiang, B., & Zhang, Z. 2019. The wax gourd genomes offer insights into the genetic diversity and ancestral cucurbit genome. Nature Communic. 10:5158. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13185-3

Xie, D.-F. [et al. 2020], Tan, J.-B., Yu, Y., Gui, L.-J., Su, D.-M., Zhou, S.-D., & He, X.-J. 2020. Insights into phylogeny, age and evolution of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) based on the whole plastome sequences. Ann. Bot. 125: 1039-1055. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa024

Xie, D.-F. [et al. 2022], Xie, C., Ren, T., Song, B.-N., Zhou, S.-D., & He, X.-J. 2022. Plastid phylogenomic insights into relationships, divergence, and evolution of Apiales. Planta 256(6):117. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-04031-w

Xie, D.-F. [et al. 2024], Li, J., Sun, J.-H., Cheng, R.-Y., Wang, Y., Song, B.-N., He, X.-J., & Zhou, S.-D. 2024. Peering through the hedge: Multiple datasets yield insights into the phylogenetic relationships and incongruences in the tribe Lilieae (Liliaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 200:108182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108182.

Xie, J. [et al. 2022], Del Tredici, P., LaPorte, M., Bekmetjev, A., Lemmon, A. R., Moriarty, E., Gong, W., Tang, Y., & Li, J. 2023 [= 2022]. Phylogenetic relationships of Tilia (Malvaceae) inferred from multiple nuclear loci and plastid genomes. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 184: 56-67. https://doi.org/10.1086/722474

Xie, L. [et al. 2010], Yi, T.-S., Li, R., Li, D.-Z., & Wen, J. 2010. Evolution and biogeographic diversification of the witch-hazel genus (Hamamelis L., Hamamelidaceae) in the northern hemisphere. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 56: 675-689.

Xie, L., & Li, L.-Q. 2012. Variation of pollen morphology, and its implications in the phylogeny of Clematis (Ranunculaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 298: 1437-1453.

Xie, L. [et al. 2011], Wen, J., & Li, L.-Q. 2011. Phylogenetic analysis of Clematis (Ranunculaceae) based on sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and three plastid regions. Syst. Bot. 36: 907-921.

Xie, S.-Y. [et al. 2022], Hou, X.-Q., & Zhang, X.-H. 2022. Are the spurs more complex than other petal types in Epimedium? Evidence from development, micromorphology, and nectary structure. Flora 293:152101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2022.152101

Xie, X.-Y. [et al. 1992], Gu, Z.-J., & Wu, Q. A. 1992. Cytological studies of the genus Nomocharis and its related genera. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 30: 487-497. [In Chinese.]

Xie, Z. [et al. 2008], Glover, B. J., Bai, S., Rao, G.-Y., Luo, J., & Yang, J. 2008. Duplication and functional diversification of HAP3 genes leading to the origin of the seed-developmental regulatory gene LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), in nonseed plant genomes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 25: 1581-1592.

Xing, S.-P. [et al. 1998], Chen, Z.-D., & Lee, A.-M. 1998. Development of ovules and embryo sacs in Ostrya virginica (Betulaceae) and its systematic significance. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 36: 428-435.

Xing, Y. [et al. 2014], Onstein, R. E., Carter, R. J., Stadler, T., & Linder, H. P. 2014. Fossils and a large molecular phylogeny show that the evolution of species richness, generic diversity, and turnover rates are disconnected. Evolution 68: 2821-2832.

Xing, Y. [et al. 2016], Gandolfo, M. A., Onstein, R. E., Cantrill, D. J., Jacobs, B. F., Jordan, G. J., Lee, D. E., Popova, S., Srivastava, R., Su, T., Vikulin, S. V., Yabe, A., & Linder, H. P. 2016. Testing the biases in the rich Cenozoic angiosperm macrofossil record. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 177: 371-388. doi: 10.1086/685388

Xing, Y., & Ree, R. H. 2017. Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114: E3444-E3451. doi: 10.1073/pnas.16160631114

Xiong, H. [et al. 2022], Wang, D., Shao, C., Yang, X., Yang, J., Ma, T., Davis, C. C., Liu, L., & Xi, Z. 2022. Species tree estimation and the impact of gene less following whole-genome duplication. Syst. Biol. 71: 1348-1361.

Xiong, X.-H. [et al. 2019], Zhou, X.-M., Li, M., Deng, H.-N., Yu, Q., & Gao, X.-F. 2019., Polen morphology in Rubus (Rosaceae) and its taxonomic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 305: 705-716.

Xu, B. [et al. 2014], Ohtani, M., Yamaguchi, M., Toyooka, K., Wakazaki, M., Sato, M., Kubo, M., Nakano, Y., Sano, R., Hiwatashi, Y., Murata, T., Kurata, T., Yoneda, A., Kato, K., Hasebe, M., & Demura, T. 2014. Contribution of NAC transcription factors to plant adaptation to land. Science 343: 1505-1508.

Xu, B. [et al. 2020], Luo, D., Li, Z.-M., & Sun, H. 2019 [= 2020]. Evolutionary radiations of cushion plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Insights from molecular phylogenetic analysis of two subgenera of Arenaria and Thylacospermum (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 68: 1003-1020.

Xu, C., & Hong, D.-Y. 2021 [= 2020]. Phylogenetic analyses confirm polyphyly of the genus Campanula (Campanulaceae s. str.) leading to a proposal for generic reappraisal. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 475-489.

Xu, F., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2010a. Floral ontogeny of Knema and Horsfieldia (Myristicaceae): Evidence for a complex androecial evolution. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 162: 42-52.

Xu, F., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2010b. Floral ontogeny of Annonaceae: Evidence for high variablity in floral form. Ann. Bot. 106: 591-605.

Xu, F.-X. 2003. Sclerotesta morphology and its systematic implications in magnoliaceous seeds. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 142: 407-424.

Xu, F.-X. 2006. Floral ontogeny of two species in Magnolia L. J. Integ. Plant Biol. 48: 1197-1203.

Xu, F.-X., & Kirchoff, B. K. 2008. Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of selected species of Magnoliaceae. Review Palaeobot. Palynol. 150: 140-153.

Xu, F.-X., & Rudall, P. J. 2006. Comparative floral anatomy and ontogeny in Magnoliaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 258: 1-15.

Xu, G., & Kong, H. 2007. Duplication and divergence of floral MADS-Box genes in grasses: Evidence for the generation and modification of novel regulators. J. Integ. Plant Biol. 49: 927-939.

Xu, H. [et al. 2018], Detto, M., Li, Y., Li, Y., He, F., & Fang, S. 2019 [= 2018]. Do N-fixing legumes promote neighbouring diversity in the tropics? J. Ecol. 107: 229-239.

Xu, H.-H. [et al. 2017], Berry, C. M., Stein, W. E., Wang, Y., Tang, P., & Fu, Q. 2017. Unique growth strategy in the Earth’s first trees revealed in silicified fossil trunks from China. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114: 12009-12014. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/10/18/1708241114

Xu, J. [et al. 2018], Morris, P. J., Liu, J., & Holden, J. 2018. PEATMAP: Refining estimates of global peatland distribution based on a meta-analysis. Catena 160: 134-140.

Xu, J.-H., & Messing, J. 2008. Organization of the prolamin gene family provides insight into the evolution of the maize genome and gene duplications in grass species. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 14330-14335.

Xu, K.-W. [et al. 2020], Zhang, L., Rothfels, C. J., Smith, A. R., Viane, R., Lorence, D., Wood, K. R., Chen, C.-W., Knapp, R., Zhou, L., Lu, N. T., Zhou, X.-M., Wei, H.-J., Fan, Q., Chen, S.-F., Cicuzza, D., Gao, X.-F., Liao, W.-B., & Zhang, L.-B. 2020. A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus Asplenium (Aspleniaceae). Cladistics 36: 22-71.

Xu, L. [La] [et al. 2011], Lu, L., Li, D.-Z., & Wang, H. 2011. Evolution of pollen in Dipsacales. Plant Divers. Resources 33: 249-259. [In Chinese.]

Xu, L. [Lei] [et al. 2011], Harrison, R. D., Yang, P., & Yang, D.-R. 2011. New insight into the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of genus Ficus: Vicariance played a relatively minor role compared with ecological opportunity and dispersal. J. Syst. Evol. 49: 546-557.

Xu, L.-S. [et al. 2019], Herranda-Moraira, S., Susanna, A., Galbany-Casals, M., & Chen, Y.-S. 2019. Phylogeny, origin and dispersal of Saussurea (Asteraceae) based on chloroplast genome data. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 141:106613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev2019.106613

Xu, Q. [et al. 2021], Jin, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Zheng., C., Leebens-Mack, J. H., & Sankoff, D. 2021. Ancestral flowering plant chromosomes and gene orders based on generalized adjacencies and chromosomal gene co-occurrences. J. Comput. Biol. A 28: 1156–1179, in: Jha, S. K., Mandoiu, I., Rajasekaran, S., Skums, P., & Zelikovsky, A. (eds), Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences. ICCABS 2020, Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 12686. Springer, Cham.

Xu, S. [Shaohua] [et al. 2017a], He, Z., Guo, Z., Zhang, Z., Wycoff, G. J., Greenberg, A., Wu, C.-I., & Shi, S. 2017a. Genome-wide convergence during evolution of mangroves from woody plants. Molec. Biol. Evol. 34: 1008-1015.

Xu, S. [et al. 2017b], Zhang, Z., Guo, Z., Guo, W., Lyu, H., Li, J., Yang, M., Du, Z., Huang, Y., Zhou, R., Zhong, C., Boufford, D. E., Lerdau, M., Wu, C.-I., Duke, N. C., The International Mangrove Consortium, & Shi, S. 2017b. The origin, diversification and adaptation of a major mangrove clade (Rhizophoreae) revealed by whole genome sequencing. National Sci. Review doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwx065

Xu, S. [Shuqing] [et al. 2011], Schlüter, P. M., Scopece, G., Breitkopf, H., Gross, K., Cozzolino, S., & Schiestl, F. P. 2011. Floral isolation is the main reproductive barrier among closely related sexually deceptive orchids. Evolution 65: 2606-2620.

Xu, S. [et al. 2012], Schlüter, & Schiestl, F. P. 2012. Pollinator-driven speciation in sexually deceptive orchids. Internat. J. Ecol. 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/285081

Xu, S. X. 1990. Scanning electon microscope studies on the development of the organs of Litchi flower. Acta Bot. Sinica 32: 905-908.

Xu, S. X. 1991. Scanning electon microscope studies on the organ development of longan flower. Acta Bot. Sinica 33: 938-942.

Xu, W. [et al. 2022], Sato, H., Bente, H., Santos-González, J., & Köhler, C. 2023 [= 2022. Endosperm cellularization failure induces a dehydration stress response leading to embryo arrest. Plant Cell 35: 874–888. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac337

Xu, W.-Q. [et al. 2018], Losh, J., Chen, C., Li, P., Wang, R.-H., Zhao, Y.-P., Qiu, Y.-X., & Fu, C.-X. 2019 [= 2018]. Comparative genomics of figowrts (Scrophularia, Scrophulariaceae), with implications for the evolution of Scrophularia and Lamiales. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 55-65.

Xu, X. [Xiangtao] [et al. 2015], Medvigy, D., & Rodriguez-Iturbe, I. 2015. Relation between rainfall intensity and savanna tree abundance explained by water use strategies. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 112: 12992-12996.

Xu, X. [Xiaodong], & Wang, D. 2021. Comparative chloroplast genomics of Corydalis species (Papaveraceae): Evolutionary perspectives on their unusual large scale rearrangements. Front. Plant Sci. 11:600354. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.600354

Xu, X., [et al. 2022a], Li, X., & Wang, D. 2022a. New insights into the backbone phylogeny and character evolution of Corydalis (Papaveraceae) based on plastome data. Front. Plant Sci. 13:926574. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.926574

Xu, X. [et al. 2022b], Yuan, L., Yang, X., Zhang, X., Wang, L., & Xie, Q. 2022b. Circadian clock in plants: Linking timing to fitness. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 64: 792-811.

Xu, X.-M. [et al. 2023], Liu, D.-H., Zhu, S.-X., Wang, Z.-L., Wei, Z., & Liu, Q.-R. 2023. Phylogeny of Trigonotis in China—with a special reference to its nutlet morphology and plastid genome. Plant Divers. 45: 409-421.

Xu, Y. [Yifeng] [et al. 2006], Teo, L. L., Zhou, J., Kumar, P. P., & Yu, H. 2006. Floral organ identity genes in the orchid Dendrobium crumenatum Plant J. 46: 54-68.

Xu, Y. [et al. 2022], Zhang, J., Ma, C., Lei, Y., Shen, G., Jin, J., Eaton, D. A. R., & Wu, J. 2022. Comparative genomics in Orobanchaceae provides insight into the origin and evolution of plant parasitism. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.13.488246 = Xu, Y. [et al. 2022], Zhang, J., Ma, C., Lei, Y., Shen, G., Jin, J., Eaton, D. A. R., & Wu, J. 2022. Comparative genomics of orobanchaceous species with different parasitic lifestyles reveals the origin and stepwise evolution of plant parasitism. Molec. Plant 15: 1384–1399.

Xu, Y. [Yuan] [et al. 2015], Hu, C.-M., & Hao, G. 2016 [= 2015]. Pollen morphology of Androsace (Primulaceae) and its systematic implications. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 48-64.

Xu, Z. [Zhanyou] [et al. 2009], Zhang, D., Hu, J., Zhou, X., Ye, X., Reiche, K. L., Stewart, N. R., Syrenne, R. D., Yang, X., Gao, F., Shi, W., Doeppke, C., Sykes, R. W., Burris, J. N., Bozell, J. J., Cheng, Z.-M., Hayes, D. G., Labbe, N., Davis, M., Stewart, C. N. Jr, & Yuan, J. S. 2009. Comparative genome analysis of lignin biosynthesis gene families across the plant kingdom. BMC Bioinf. 10(Suppl 11):S3. doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-10-S11-S3

Xu, Z. [Zhichao] [et al. 2018], Xin, T., Bartels, D., Li, Y., Gu, W., Yao, H., Liu, S., Yu, H., Pu, X., Zhou, J., Xu, J., Xi, C., Lei, H., Song, J., & Chen, S. 2018. Genome analysis of the ancient tracheophyte Selaginella tamariscina reveals evolutionary features relevant to the acquisition of desiccation tolerance. Molec. Plant 11: 983-994.

Xu, Z. [Zhun] [et al. 2024], Folk, R. A., Gitzendanner, M. A., Hu, G.-W., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., & Wang, Q.-F. 2024. Re-examining the placement of Hydrostachys using a large-scale phylogenetic approach. Taxon 73: 237-248. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13122

Xu, Z.-X. [et al. 2023], Zhu, X.-M., Yin, H., Li, B., Chen, X.-J.,Fan, X.-L., Li, M.-Q., Selosse, M.-A., Gao, J.-Y., & Han, J.-J. 2023. Symbiosis between Dendrobium catenatum protocorms and Serendipita indica involves the plant hypoxia response pathway. Plant Physiol. 192: 2554-2568.

Xuan, J.-L. [et al. 2023], Scheffer, S. J., Lewis, M., Cassel, B. K., Liu, W.-X., & Wiegmann, B. M. 2023. The phylogeny and divergence times of leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from anchored phylogenomics. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 184:107778

Xue, B. [et al. 2011], Su, Y. C. F., Mols, J. B., Keßler, P. J. A., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2011. Further fragmentation of the polyphyletic genus Polyalthia (Annonaceae): Molecular support of a broader delimitation of Marsypopetalum. Syst. Biodivers. 9: 17-26.

Xue, B. [et al. 2012], Su, Y. C. F., Thomas, D. C., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2012. Pruning the polyphyletic genus Polyalthia (Annonaceae) and resurrecting the genus Monoon. Taxon 61: 1021-1039.

Xue, B. [et al. 2017], Shao, Y.-Y., Saunders, R. M. K., & Tan, Y.-H. 2017. Alphonsea glandulosa (Annonaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. PLoS ONE 12(2):e0170107. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170107

Xue, B. [et al. 2018], Tan, Y.-H., Thomas, D. C., Chaowasku, T., Hou, X.-L., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2018. A new Annonaceae genus, Wuodendron, provides support for a post-boreotropical origin of the Asian-Neotropical disjunction in the tribe Miliuseae. Taxon 67: 250-266.

Xue, B. [et al. 2019], Guo, X., Landis, J. B., Tang, C. C., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2020 [= 2019]. Acclerated diversification associated with functional traits shapes extant diversity of the early divergent angiosperm family Annonaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 142:106659. https:doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106659

Xue, B. [et al. 2024], Huang, E., Zhao, G., Wei, R., Song, Z., Zhang, X., & Yao, G. 2024. ‘Out of Africa’ origin of the pantropical staghorn fern genus Platycerium (Polypodiaceae) supported by plastid phylogenomics and biogeographical analysis. Ann. Bot. 133: 697-709. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcae003

Xue, C. Y. [et al. 2005], Wang, H., & Li, D.-Z. 2005. Microsporogenesis and male gametogenesis in Musella lasiocarpa (Musaceae), a monotypic genus from Yunnan, China. Ann. Bot. Fennici 42: 461-467.

Xue, C.-Y. [et al. 2007], Ho, T.-N., & Li, D.-Z. 2007. Embryology of Swertia (Gentianaceae) relative to taxonomy. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 155: 383-400.

Xue, C. Y. [et al. 2007], Wang, H., & Li, D.-Z. 2007. Female gametophyte and seed development in Musella lasiocarpa (Musaceae), a monotypic genus endemic to southwestern China. Canadian J. Bot. 85: 964-975.

Xue, J. [et al. 2016], Deng, Z., Huang, P., Huang, K., Benton, M. J., Cui, Y., Wang, D., Liu, J., Shen, B., Basinger, J. F., & Hao, S. 2016. Belowground rhizomes in paleosols: The hidden half of an Early Devonian vascular plant. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 113: 9451-9456.

Xue, J.-H. [et al. 2012], Dong, W.-P., Cheng, T., & Zhou, S. L. 2012. Nelumbonaceae: Systematic position and species diversification revealed by the complete chloroplast genome. J. Syst. Evol. 50: 477-487.

Xue, J.-S. [et al. 2020], Zhang, B., Zhan, H., Lv, Y.-L., Jia, X.-L., Wang, T., Yang, N.-Y., Lou, Y.-X., Zhang, Z.-B., Hu, W.-J., Gui, J., Cao, J., Xu, P., Zhou, Y., Hu, J.-F., Li, L., & Yang Z.-N. 2020. Phenylpropanoid derivatives are essential components of sporopollenin in vascular plants. Molec. Plant 13:44–161653.

Xue, J.-S. [et al. 2023], Qiu, S., Jia, X.-L., Shen, S.-Y., Shen, C.-W., Wang, S., Xu, P., Tong, Q., Lou, Y.-X., Yang, N.-Y., Cao,, J.-G., Hu, J.-F., Shen, H., Zhu, R.-L., Murray, J. D., Chen, W.-S., & Yang, Z.-M. 2023. Stepwise changes in flavonoids in spores/pollen contributed to terrestrial adaptation of plants. Plant Physiol. 193: 627-642.

Xue, J.-Y. [et al. 2020], Dong, S.-S., Wang, M.-Q., Song, T.-Q., Zhou, G.-C., Li, Z., Van de Peer, Y., Shao, Z.-Q., Wang, W., Chen, M., Zhang, Y.-M., Sun, X.-Q., Chen, H.-F., Zhang, Y.-X., Zhang, S.-Z., Chen, F., Zhang, L.-S., Cox, C., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., & Hang, Y.-Y. 2020. Mitochondrial genes from 18 angiosperms fill sampling gaps for phylogenomic inferences of the early diversification of flowering plants. J. Syst. Evol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12708

Xue, L. [et al. 2018], Klinnawee, L., Zhou, Y., Saridis, G., Vijayakumar, V., Brands, M., Dörmann, P., Gigolashvili, T., Turck, F., & Bucher, M. 2018. AP2 transcription factor CBX1 with a specific function in symbiotic exchange of nutrients in mycorrhizal Lotus japonicus. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 115: E9239-E9246.

Xue, T. [et al. 2020], Zheng, X., Chen, D., Liang, L., Chen, N., Huang, Z., Fan, W., Chen, J., Cen, W., Chen, S., Zhu, J., Chen, B., Zhang, X., & Chen, Y. 2020. A high-quality genome provides insights into the new taxonomic status and genomic characteristics of Cladopus chinensis (Podostemaceae). Hort. Research 7:46. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41438-020-0269-5

Xue, T. T. [et al. 2023], Janssens, S. B., Liu, B.-B., & Yu, S.-X. 2024 [= 2023]. Phylogenomic conflict analyses of the plastid and mitochondrial genomes via deep genome skimming highlight their independent evolutionary histories: A case study in the cinquefoil genus Potentilla sensu lato (Potentilleae, Rosaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 190:107956.

Xue, X., & Fry, S. C. 2012. Evolution of mixed-likage (1->3, 1->4)-ß-D-glucan (MLG) and xyloglucan in Equisetum (horsetails) and other monilophytes. Ann. Bot. 109: 873-886.

Xue, Z.-Q. [et al. 2024], Applequist, W. L., Hörandl, E., & He, L. 2024. Sex chromosome turnover plays an important role in the maintenance of barriers to post-speciation introgression in willows. Evol. Letters 8: 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qrae013

Ya, J.-D. [et al. 2024], Chen, H.-Y., Zhang, W., Zhu, R.-B., Cai, J., & Yu, W.-B. 2024. Phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses of Thismia (Thismiaceae) support T. malipoensis as the eighth species in China. Willdenowia 54: 47-63.

Yadav, S. R. 1995. Die Hybride zwischen Aponogeton decaryi Jumelle und Aponogeton satarenesis Raghavan, Kulkarni & Yadav. Aqua-Planta 3-95: 71-80.

Yagame, T. [et al. 2016], Yuki, O.-T., Kinoshita, A., Iwase, K., & Yukawa, T. 2016. Fungal partner shifts during the evolution of mycoheterotrophy in Neottia. American J. Bot. 103: 1630-1641.

Yagame, T. [et al. 2021], Lallemand, F., Selosse, M.-A., Funabiki, E., & Yukawa, T. 2021. Mycobiont diversity and first evidence of mixotrophy associated with Psathyrellaceae fungi in the chlorophyllous orchid Cremastra variabilis. J. Plant Res. 134: 1213-1224.

Yager, K. G. [et al. 2016], Schaefer, H. M., & Gould, K. S. 2016. The significance of shared leaf shape in Alseuosmia pusilla and Pseudowintera colorata. Botany 94: 555-564.

Yakandawala, D. [et al. 2010], Morton, C. M., & Prance, G. T. 2010. Phylogenetic relationships of the Chrysobalanaceae inferred from chloroplast, nuclear, and morphological data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 97: 259-281.

Yakolev, M. S. 1950. Structure of endosperm and embryo in cereals as a systematic feature. Morf. Anat. Rast. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Trudy ser. 7, 1: 121-218. [In Russian.]

Yakolev, M. S. 1983. Comparative Embryology of Flowering Plants. Nauka, Leningrad. [In Russian.]

Yakolev, M. S., & Joffe, M. D. 1957. On some peculiar features in the embryogeny of Paeonia L. Phytomorph. 7: 74-82.

Yakolev, M. S., & Zhukova, G. Y. 1980. Chlorophyll in embryos of angiosperm seeds, a review. Bot. Notis. 133: 323-336.

Yam, T. W. [et al. 2009], Arditti, J., & Cameron, K. M. 2009. "The orchids have been a splendid sport" - an alternative look at Charles Darwin's contribution to orchid biology. American J. Bot. 96: 2128-2154.

Yamada, K. [et al. 2008], Nagano, A. J., Nishina, M., Hara-Nishimura, I., & Nishimura, M. 2008. NAI2 is an endoplasmic reticulum body component than enables ER body formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 20: 2429-2540.

Yamada, T. [et al. 2001a], Tobe, H., Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 2001a. Developmental morphology of the ovules of Amborella trichopoda (Amborellaceae) and Chloranthus serratus (Chloranthaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 137: 277-290.

Yamada, T. [et al. 2001b], Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 2001b. Developmental morphology of ovules and seeds of Nymphaeales. American J. Bot. 88: 963-974.

Yamada, T. [et al. 2003a], Imaichi, R., Prakash, N., & Kato, M. 2003a. Developmental morphology of ovules and seeds of Austrobaileyales. Australian J. Bot. 51: 555-564.

Yamada, T. [et al. 2003b], Imaichi, R., & Kato, M. 2003b. The outer integument and funicular outgrowth complex in the ovule of Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae). J. Plant Res. 116: 189-198.

Yamada, T. [et al. 2008], Nishida, H., Umebayashi, M., Uemura, K., & Kato, M. 2008. Oldest record of Trimeniaceae from the Early Cretaceous of northern Japan. BMC Evol. Biol. 8:135. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148-8-135

Yamagishi-Costa, J. [et al. 2018], Barbosa, A. R., Shimizu, G. H., Yamamoto, K., & Forni-Martins, E. R. 2018. Chromosome numbers and systematics of the tribe Vochysieae (Vochysiaceae). Acta Bot. Brasilica 32: 314-320.

Yamaguchi, T., & Tsukaya, H. 2007. Evo-devo of leaf shape control with a special emphasis on unifacial leaves in monocots. Korean J. Plant Tax. 37: 351-361.

Yamaguchi, T., & Tsukaya, H. 2010. Evolutionary and developmental studies of unifacial leaves in monocots: Juncus as a model system. J. Plant Res. 123: 35-41.

Yamaguchi, T. [et al. 2010], Yano, S., & Tsukaya, H. 2010. Genetic framework for flattened leaf blade formation in unifacial leaves of Juncus prismatocarpus. Plant Cell 22: 2141-2155.

Yamaji, N., & Ma, J. F. 2014. The node, a hub for mineral nutrition in graminaceous plants. Trends Plant Sci. 19: 556-563.

Yamamoto, S. [et al. 2016], Maruyama, M., & Parker, J. 2016. Evidence for social parasitism of early insect societies by Cretaceous rove beetles. Nature Communic. 7:13658. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13658

Yamamoto, T. [et al. 2014], Vassiliades, D. D., & Tobe, H. 2014. Embryology of Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae, Sapindales): Characteristics and comparisons with related families. J. Plant Res. 127: 599-615.

Yamamoto, T. [et al. 2015], Fijridiyanto, I. A., & Tobe, H. 2016 [= 2015]. Embryology of Harrisonia (Cneoroideae, Rutaceae): A comparison with related genera and families. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 180: 161-192.

Yamasaki, E. [et al. 2015], Kawakita, A., & Sakai, S. 2015. Diversity and evolution of pollinator rewards and protection by Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) bracteoles. Evol. Ecol. 29: 379–390.

Yamashiro, T. [et al. 2004], Fukuda, T., Yokoyama, J., & Maki, M. 2004. Molecular phylogeny of Vincetoxicum (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) based on the nucleotide sequences of cpDNA and nrDNA. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 31: 689-700.

Yamashiro, T. [et al. 2008], Yamashiro, A., Yokoyama, J., & Maki, M. 2008. Morphological aspects and phylogenetic analyses of pollination systems in the Tylophora-Vincetoxicum complex (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) in Japan. Biol. J. Linnean Society 93: 325-341.

Yamashita, T. 1970. Eigenartige Wurzelanlage des Embryos bei Lilaea subulata Humb. et Bonpl. und Triglochin maritimum L. J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, sect. III, Bot., 10: 181-205.

Yamashita, T. 1972. Eigenartige Wurzelanlage des Embryos bei Ruppia maritima L. Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 48: 157-170.

Yamashita, T. 1976. Über die Embryo- und Wurzelentwicklung bei Aponogeton madagascariensis (Mirbel) van Brüggen. J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, sect. III, Bot., 12: 37-64.

Yamashita, J., & Tamura, M. N. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of the Convallariaceae (Asparagales). Pp. 387-400, in Wilson, K. L., & Morrison, D. A. (eds), Monocots: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Collingwood.

Yamashita, J., & Tamura, M. N. 2004. Phylogenetic analysis and chromosome evolution in Convallarieae (Ruscaceae sensu lato), with some taxonomic treatments. J. Plant Res. 117: 363-370.

Yamato, M. [et al. 2014], Ogura-Tsujita, Y., Takahashi, H., & Yukawa, T. 2014. Significant difference in mycorrhizal specificity between an autotrophic and its sister mycoheterotrophic plant species of Petrosaviaceae. J. Plant Res. 127: 685-693.

Yamato, M. [et al. 2021], Suzuki, T., Matsumoto, M., Shiraishi, T., & Yukawa, T. 2021. Mycoheterotrophic seedling growth of Gentiana zollingeri, a photosynthetic Gentianaceae plant species, in symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. J. Plant Res. 134: 921-931. doi: 10.1007/s10265-021-01311-6

Yamazaki, T. 1955. Notes on Lindernia, Vandellia, Torenia and their allied genera in Eastern Asia. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 68: 14-24.

Yamazaki, T. 1974. A system of Gamopetalae based on the embryology. J. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Univ., sect. III, Bot., 11: 263-281.

Yamazaki, T. 1982. Recognized types in early development of the embryo and the phylogenetic significance in the dicotyledons. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 33: 400-409. [In Japanese.]

Yamori, W. [et al. 2014], Hikosaka, K., & Way, D. A. 2014. Temperature response of photosynthesis in C3, C4, and CAM plants: Temperature acclimation and temperature adaptation. Photosyn. Res. 119: 101-217.

Yan, C., & Sun, G. 2012. Multiple origins of allopolyploid whaetgrass Elymus caninus revealed by RPB2, PepC and TrnD/T genes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 64: 441-451.

Yan, D. [et al. 2017], Wang, L.-J., Zhao, Z.-H., Zhao, Y. Y., & Liu, J. X. 2017. Embryology of Hemerocallis and its systematic significance. Plant Syst. Evol. 303: 663-673.

Yan, H.-F. [et al. 2010], He, C.-H., Peng, C.-I., Hu, C.-M., & Hao, G. 2010. Circumscription of Primula subgenus Auganthus (Primulaceae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences. J. Syst. Evol. 48: 123-132.

Yan, H.-F. [et al. 2018], Zhang, C.-Y., Anderberg, A. A., Hao, G., Ge, X.-J., & Wiens, J. J. 2018. What explains high plant richness in East Asia? Time and diversification in the tribe Lysimachieae (Primulaceae). New Phytol. 219: 436-448.

Yan, H.-X. [et al. 2011], Di, Y.-T., Fang, X., Yang, S.-Y., He, H.-P., Li, S.-L., Lu, Y., & Hao, X.-J. 2011. Chemical constituents from fruits of Harrisonia perforata. Phytochem. 72: 508-513.

Yan, M. [et al. 2016], Moore, M. J., Meng, A., Yao, X., & Wang, H. 2017 [= 2016]. The first complete plastome sequence of the basal asterid family Styracaceae (Ericales) reveals a large inversion. Plant Syst. Evol. 303: 61-70.

Yan, M. [et al. 2018], Fritsch, P. W., Moore, M. J., Feng, T., Meng, A., Yang, J., Deng, T., Zhao, C., Yao, X., Sun, H., & Wang, H. 2018. Plastid phylogenomics resolves infrafamilial relationships of the Styracaceae and sheds light on the backbone relationships of the Ericales. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 121: 198-211.

Yan, M.-H. [et al. 2021], Li, C.-Y., Fitsch, P. W., Cai, J., & Wang, H.-C. 2021. Phylogeny of the Styracaceae revisited based on whole plastome sequences, including novel plastome data from Parastyrax. Syst. Bot. 46: 162-174.

Yan, X. [et al. 2019], Liu, T., Yuan, X., Xu, Y., Yan, H., & Hao, G. 2019. Chloroplast genomes and comparative analyses among thirteen taxa within Myrsinaceae s. str. clade (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae). Internat. J. Molec. Sci. 20(18):4534. doi: 10.3390/ijms20184534

Yan, X.-L. [et al. 2007], Ren, Y., Tian, X.-H., & Zhang, X.-H. 2007. Morphogenesis of pistillate flowers of Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae). J. Integ. Plant Biol. 49: 1400-1408.

Yan, Y. [et al. 2021], Davis, C. C., Dimitrov, D., Wang, Z., Rahbek, C., & Borregaard, M. K. 2021. Phytogeographic history of the tea family inferred through high-resolution phylogeny and fossils. Syst. Biol. 70: 1256-1271.

Yana, K. L., & Rao, P. S. 1993. Embryological investigations in some species of Ipomoea. Taiwania 38: 109-116.

Yañez, A. [et al. 2023], Escapa, I. H., & Choo, T. Y. S. 2023. Fertile Goeppertella from the Jurassic of Patagonia: Mosaic evolution in the Dipteridaceae-Matoniaceae lineage. AoB PLANTS 15:plad007. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad007

Yang, C. [et al. 2019], Zhang, X., Seago, J. L. Jr, & Wang, Q. 2020 [= 2019]. Anatomical and histochemical features of Brasenia schreberi (Cabombaceae) shoots. Flora 263:151524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.151524

Yang, C.-J. [Chen-Jui], & Hu, J.-M. 2018. Bacterial leaf nodule symbiosis in flowering plants. INTECH.

Yang, C.-J., & Hu, J.-M. 2022. Molecular phylogeny of Asian Ardisia (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae) and their leaf-nodulated endosymbionts, Burkholderia s.l. (Burkholderiaceae). PLoS ONE 17(1):e0261188. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261188

Yang, C. J. [Chin Jian] [et al. 2019], Samayoa, L. F., Bradbury, P. J., Olukolu, B. A., York, A. M., Tuholski, M. R., Wang, W., Daskalska, L. L., Neumayer, M. A., Sanchez-Gonzalez, J. de J., Romay, M. C., Glaubitz, J. C., Sun, Q., Buckler, E. S., Holland, J. B., & Doebley, J. F. 2019. The genetic architecture of teosinte catalyzed and constrained maize domestication. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116: 5643-5652.

Yang, C.-K., & Lee, Y.-I 2014. The seed development of a mycoheterotrophic orchid, Cyrtosia javanica Blume. Bot. Studies 55:44. http://www.as-botanicalstudies.com/content/55/1/44

Yang, C.-Y. [et al. 2012], Xiao,, J.-H., Niu, L.-M., Ma, G.-C., Cook, J. M., S.-N., Fu, Y.-G., & Huang, D.-W. 2012. Chaos of Wolbachia sequences inside the compact fig syconia of Ficus benjamina (Ficus: Moraceae). PLoS ONE 7(11):e48882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048882

Yang, D. [et al. 2024], Liu, H., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, H., Liu, M., Koch, K. E., McCarty, D. R., Li, S., & Tan, B. C. 2024. A sucrose ferulate cycle linchpin for ferulyolation of arabinoxylans in plant commelinids. Nature Plants 10(9):1389-1399. doi: 10.1038/s41477-024-01781-1

Yang, D.-Z. [et al. 2002], Zhang, Z.-Y., Lu, A.-M., Sun, K., & Liu, J.-Q. 2002. Floral organogenesis and development of two taxa in tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae) - Przewalskia tangutica and Hyoscyamus niger. Acta Bot. Sinica 44: 889-894.

Yang, G.-F., & Xu, F.-X. 2017 [= 2016]. Comparison of synandrium structure and development in three species from the Myristicaceae. Botany 95: 89-99.

Yang, H. [et al. 1998], Holmgren, N. H., & Mill, R. A. 1998. Pedicularis. Pp. 97-209, in Wu, Z.-Y., & Raven, P. H. (eds), Flora of China. Volume 18. (Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis.

Yang, H.-M. [et al. 2013], Zhang, Y.-X., Yang, J.-B., & Li, D.-Z. 2013. The monophyly of Chimonocalamus and conflicting gene tres in Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) inferred from four plastid and two nuclear markers. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 68: 340-356.

Yang, H.-Q. [et al. 2008a], Wang, H., & Li, D.-Z. 2008a. Comparative morphology of the foliage leaf epidermis, with emphasis on papillae characters, in key taxa of woody bamboos of the Asian tropics (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 156: 411-423.

Yang, H.-Q. [et al. 2008b], Yang, J.-B., Peng, Z.-H., Gao, J., Yang, Y.-M., Peng, S., & Li, D.-Z. 2008b. A molecular phylogenetic and fruit evolutionary analysis of the major groups of the paleotropical woody bamboos (Gramineae: Bambusoideae) based on nuclear ITS, GBSSI and plastid trnL-F DNA sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 48: 809-824.

Yang, J. [et al. 2009], Wu, J.-C., & Gu, Z.-J. 2009. Karyomorphology of three species of Dipentodon (Dipentodontaceae), Perrottetia (Celastraceae), and Tapiscia (Tapisciaceae) of the order Huerteales and their phylogenetic implications. J. Syst. Evol. 47: 291-296.

Yang, J.-B., & Min, T. L. 1995a. Embryological studies on genera Pyrenaria and Tutcheria of family Theaceae. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 17: 67-71. [In Chinese.]

Yang, J.-B., & Min, T. L. 1995b. Systematic position of genera Pyrenaria , Tutcheria and Parapyrenaria of family Theaceae. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 17: 192-196. [In Chinese.]

Yang, J.-B. [et al. 2006], Yang, S.-X., Li, D.-Z., Lei, L.-G., Ikeda, T., & Yosh[i]no, H. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of Theaceae inferred from mitochondrial matR gene sequence data. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 29: 29-36. [In Chinese.]

Yang, J. B. [et al. 2010], Yang, H.-Q., Li, D.-Z., Wong, K.-M., & Yang, Y.-M. 2010. Phylogeny of Bambusa and its allies (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) inferred from nuclear GBSSI gene and plastid psbA-trnH, rpl32-trnL and rps16 intron DNA sequences. Taxon 59: 1102-1110.

Yang, K. C., & Hazenberg, G. 1991. Relationship between tree age and sapwood/heartwood width in Populus tremuloides Michx.. Wood Fiber Sci. 23: 247-252.

Yang, L. [Lifang] [et al. 2019], Yang, Z., Liu, C., He, Z., Zhang, Z., Yang, J., Liu, H., Yang, J., & Ji, Y. 2019. Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis provides insights into the evolution of the largest eukaryotic genome holder, Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae). BMC Plant Biol. 19:293. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1879-7

Yang, L. [Lingxiao] [et al. 2020], Su, D., Chang, X., Foster, C. S. P., Sun, L., Huang, C.-S., Zhou, X., Zeng, L., Ma, H., & Zhong, B. 2020. Phylogenomic insights into deep phylogeny of angiosperms based on broad nuclear gene sampling. Plant Communic.1:100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100027

Yang, L. [Lihua] [et al. 2023a], Harris, A. J., Wen, F., Li, Z., Fang, C., Kong, H., & Kang. M. 2023a. Phylogenetic analyses reveal an allopolyploid origin of core Didymocarpinae (Gesneriaceae) followed by rapid radiation. Syst. Biol. 72: 1064-1083.

Yang, L. [et al. 2023b], Shi, X.-Z., Wen, F., & Kang, M. 2023b. Phylogenomics reveals widespread hybridization and polyploidization in Henckelia (Gesneriaceae). Ann. Bot. 131: 953-966.

Yang, L. [Lingxiao] [et al. 2020], Su, D., Chang, X., Foster, C. S. P., Sun, L., Huang, C.-H., Zhou, X., Zeng, L., Ma, H., & Zhong, B. 2020. Phylogenomic insights into deep phylogeny of angiosperms based on broad nuclear gene sampling. Plant Communic. 1:100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100027

Yang, L.-E [et al. 2015], Sun, H., Ehrendorfer, F., & Nie, Z.-L. 2016 [= 2015]. Molecular phylogeny of Chinese Rubia (Rubiaceae: Rubieae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 37-47.

Yang, L.-E [et al. 2018], Meng, Y., Peng, D.-L., Nie, Z.-L., & Sun, H. 2018. Molecular phylogeny of Galium of the tribe Rubieae (Rubiaceae) — emphasis on Chinese species and recognition of a new genus Pseudogalium. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 126: 221-232.

Yang, L.-E [et al. 2020], Lu, L., Burgess, K. S., Wang, H., & Li, D.-Z. 2020. Evolution of angiosperm pollen: 8. Lamiids. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 105: 323-376.

Yang, L.-L. [et al. 2016], Li, H.-L., Wei, L., Kuang, D.-Y., Li, M.-H., Liao, Y.-Y., Chen, Z.-D., Wu, H., & Zhang, S.-Z. 2016. A supermatrix approach provides a comprehensive genus-level phylogeny for Gentianales. J. Syst. Evol. 54: 400-415.

Yang, L.-Y. [et al. 2015], Machado, C. A., Dang, X.-D., Peng, Y.-Q., Yang, D.-R., Zhang, D.-Y., & Liao, W.-J. 2015. The incidence and pattern of copollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs. Evolution 69: 294-304.

Yang, M. [et al. 2010], Zhang, X., Liu, G., Yin, Y., Chen, K., Yun, Q., Zhao, D., Al-Mssallem, I. S., & Yu, J. 2010. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). PLoS ONE 5(9):e12762. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012762

Yang, M.-Q. [et al. 2103], van Velzen, R., Bakker, F. T., Sattarian, A., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2013. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Cannabaceae. Taxon 62: 473-485.

Yang, M.-Q. [et al. 2017], Li, D.-Z., Wen, J., & Yi,T.-S. 2017. Phylogeny and biogeography of the amphi-Pacific genus Aphananthe. PLoS ONE 12(2):e0171405. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171405

Yang, P. [et al. 2012], Li, Z., Peng, Y., & Yang, D. 2012. Exchange of hosts: Can agaonid fig wasps reproduce successfully in the figs of non-host Ficus? Naturwissen. 99: 199-205.

Yang, S. [Shanlin] [et al. 2019], Chu, G., Shi, X., & Wang, S. 2019. Elaborated pollen packaging and dispensing mechanism induced by petal architecture from a Papaveraceae species. PeerJ 7:e7066. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7066

Yang, S. [Shengming] [et al. 2017], Wang, Q., Fedorova, E., Liu, J., Qin, Q., Zheng, Q., Price, P. A., Pan, H., Wang, D., Griffitts, J. S., Bisseling, T., & Zhu, H. 2017. Microsymbiont discrimination mediated by a host-secreted peptide in Medicago truncatula. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 114: 6848-6853.

Yang, S. [Sylvia], & Pfister, D. H. 2006. Monotropa uniflora plants of eastern Massachusetts form mycorrhizae with a diversity of russulacean fungi. Mycologia 98: 535-540. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.4.535

Yang, S.-X. [et al. 2004], Yang, J.-B., Lei, L.-G., Li, D.-Z., Yoshino, H., & Ikeda, T. 2004. Reassessing the relationships between Gordonia and Polyspora (Theaceae) based on the combined analysis of molecular data from the nuclear, plastid and mitochondrial genomes. Plant Syst. Evol. 248: 45-55.

Yang, S.-Z. [et al. 2021], Chen, P.-H., & Chen, C. F. 2021. Stem cambial variants of the Clematis species (Ranunculaceae) in Taiwan. Taiwania 66: 526-540.

Yang, S.-Z. [et al. 2023], Chen, P.-H., & Chen, J.-H. 2023. Stem cambial variants of selected Cucurbitaceae plants in Taiwan. Taiwania 68: 241-249.

Yang, T. [et al. 2018], Lu, L.-M., Wang, W., Li, J.-H., Manchester, S. R., Wen, J., & Chen, Z.-D. 2018. Boreotropical range expansion and long-distance dispersal explain two amphi-Pacific tropical disjunctions in Sabiaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 124: 181-191.

Yang, T. W. [et al. 2000], Yang, Y. A., & Xiong, Z. 2000. Paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA in interspecific hybrids in the genus Larrea (Zygophyllaceae). American J. Bot. 87: 1452-1458.

Yang, W. [et al. 2020], Wang, D., Li, Y., Zhang., Z., Tong, S., Li, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Ren, L., Ma, X., Zhou, R., Sanderson, B. J., Keefover-Ring, K., Yin, T., Smart, L. B., Liu, J., DiFazio, S. P., Olson, M., & Ma, T. 2020. A general model to explain repeated turnovers of sex determination in the Salicaceae. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.11.037556 = Yang, W. [et al. 2020], Wang, D., Li, Y., Zhang., Z., Tong, S., Li, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Ren, L., Ma, X., Zhou, R., Sanderson, B. J., Keefover-Ring, K., Yin, T., Smart, L. B., Liu, J., DiFazio, S. P., Olson, M., & Ma, T. 2021 [= 2020]. A general model to explain repeated turnovers of sex determination in the Salicaceae. Molec. Biol. Evol. 38: 968-980.

Yang, X. [Xia] [et al. 2012], Pang, H.-B., Liu, B.-L., Qiu, Z.-J., Gao, Q., Wei, L., Dong, Y., & Wang, Y.-Z. 2012. Evolution of double positive autoregulatory feedback loops in CYCLOIDEA2 clade genes is associated with the origin of floral zygomorphy. Plant Cell 24: 1834-1847.

Yang, X. [et al. 2017], Hu, R., Yin, H., Jenkins, J., Shu, S., Tang, H., Liu, D., Weighill, D. A., Yim, W. C., Ha, J., Heyduk, K., Goodstein, D. M., Guo, H.-B., Moseley, R. C., Fitzek, E., Jawdy, S., Zhang, Z., Xie, M., Hartwell, J. A., Grimwood, J., Abraham, P. E., Mewalal, R., Beltrán, J. D., Boxall, S. F., Dever, L. D., Palla, K. J., Albion, R., Garcia, T., Mayer, J. A., Lim, S. D., Wai, C. M., Peluso, P., Van Buren, R., De Paoli, H. C., Borland, A. M., Guo, H., Chen, J.-G., Muchero, W., Yin, Y., Jacobson, D. A., Tschaplinski, T. J., Hettich, R. L., Ming, R., Winter, K., Leebens-Mack, J. C., Smith, J. A. C., Cushman, J. C., Schmutz, J., & Tuskan, G. 2017. The Kalanchoë genome provides insights into convergent evolution and building blocks of crassulacean acid metabolism. Nature Communic. 8:1899. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01491.7

Yang, X. [Xiaojun], & Deng, W. 2017 [= 2016]. Morphological and structural characterization of the attachment system in aerial roots of Syngonium podophyllum. Planta 245: 507-521.

Yang, X. [Xin] [et al. 2020], Xie, D.-F., Chen, J.-P., Zhou, S.-D., Yu, Y., & He, X.-J. 2020. Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genomes in Allium subgenus Cyathophora (Amaryllidaceae): Phylogenetic relationship and adaptive evolution. BioMed Research Internat. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1732586

Yang, X. [Xudong] [et al. 2023], Zhang, X., Xue†, T., Zhang, X., Yang, F., Yu, J., Janssens, S. B., Bussmann, R. W., & Yu, S. 2023. Phylogenomics and historical biogeography of Hydrangeeae (Hydrangeaceae) elucidate the effects of geologic and climatic dynamics on diversification. Proc. Royal Soc. B, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0659

Yang, X. [Xue] [et al. 2007], Lu, S.-G., & Peng, H. 2007. First report of chromosome numbers of the Carlemanniaceae (Lamiales). J. Plant Res. 120: 707-712.

Yang, X. [Xuejun] [et al. 2012], Baskin, J. M., Baskin, C. C., & Huang, Z. 2012. More than just a coating: Ecological importance, taxonomic occurrence and phylogenetic relationships of seed coat mucilage. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 14: 434-442.

Yang, X.-R. [et al. 2017], Wang, Q.-X., & Song, Y.-G. 2017. Primary investigation on comparative embryology characteristics of different development periods of Fagaceae female flower. Guihaia 37: 841-848. [In Chinese.]

Yang, X.-Y. [et al. 2018], Wang, Z.-F., Luo, W.-C., Guo, X.-Y., Zhang, C.-H., Liu, J.-Q., & Ren,, G.-P. 2019 [= 2018]. Plastomes of Betulaceae and phylogenetic implications. J. Syst. Ecol.

Yang, Y. [Ya], & Berry, P. E. 2007. Phylogenetics and evolution of Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae). P. 256, in Plant Biology and Botany 2007. Program and Abstract Book. Chicago.

Yang, Y., & Berry, P. E. 2011a. C3, C4 and CAM all in one lineage: Remarkable physiological diversifications in Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce. P. 223, in XVIII International Botanical Congress 2011, Melbourne. [Abstracts.]

Yang, Y., & Berry, P. E. 2011b. Phylogenetics of the Chamaesyce clade (Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae): Reticulate evolution and long-distance dispersal in a prominent C4 lineage. American J. Bot. 98: 1486-1503.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2009], Morden, C. W., Sack, L., Sporck, M. J., & Berry, P. E. 2009. Phylogeny and adaptive radiation of woody Hawaiian Chamaesyce from herbaceous and annual ancestors in subtropical North America (Euphorbia-Euphorbiaceae). P. 182, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2012], Riina, R., Morawetz, J. J., Haevermans, T., Aubriot, X., & Berry, P. E. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics and classification of Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 61: 764-789.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2015], Moore, M. J., Brockington, S. F., Soltis, D. E., Wong, G. K.-S., Carpenter, E. J., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Yan, Z., Xie, Y., Sage, R. F., Covshoff, S., Hibberd, J. M., Nelson, M. N., & Smith, S. A. 2015. Dissecting molecular evolution in the highly diverse plant clade Caryophyllales using transcriptome sequencing. Molec. Biol. Evol. 32: 2015-2035.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2016/2018], Morden, C. W., Sporck-Koehler, M. J., Sack, L., Wagner, W. L., & Berry, P. E. 2016. Repeated range expansion and niche shift in a volcanic hotspot archipelago: Radiation of C4 Hawaiian Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). bioRχiv doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/056580 = Yang, Y. [et al. 2018], Morden, C. W., Sporck-Koehler, M. J., Sack, L., Wagner, W. L., & Berry, P. E. 2018. Repeated range expansion and niche shift in a volcanic hotspot archipelago: Radiation of C4 Hawaiian Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae). Ecol. Evol. 8: 8523-8536.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2017], Moore, M. J., Brockington, S. F., Mikenas, J., Olivieri, J., Walker, J. F., Smith, S. A. 2018 [= 2017]. Improved transcriptome sampling pinpoints 26 ancient and more recent polyploidy events in Caryophyllales, including two allopolyploidy events. New Phytol. 217: 855-870. doi:10.1111/nph.14812

Yang, Y. [Yang], & Sun, H. 2009. The bracts of Saussurea velutina (Asteraceae) protect inflorescences from fluctuating weather at high elevations of the Hengduan Mountains, Southwestern China. Arct, Antarct. Alpine Research 41: 515-521.

Yang, Y. [Yi] [et al. 2019a], Chan, Y.-S., Zhang, J.-W., Sun, L., & Sun, H. 2019a. Phylogenetics and historical biogeography of the mock buckthorn genus (Sageretia, Rhamnaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 189: 244-261.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2019b], Guo, X., Wang, K.-l., Liu, Q.-h., & Liu, Q.-c. 2019b. Anther and ovule development in Clematis ternifolia var. mandshurica (Ranunculaceae). Flora 253: 67-75.

Yang, Y. [Yong]. 2004. Ontogeny of triovulate cones of Ephedra intermedia and origin of the outer envelope ofovules of Ephedraceae. American J. Bot. 91: 361-368.

Yang, Y. 2014. A systematic classification of Ephedraceae: Living and fossil. Phytotaxa 158: 283-290.

Yang, Y., & Ferguson, D. K. 2015. Macrofossil evidence unveiling evolution and ecology of early Ephedraceae. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 17: 331-346.

Yang, Y., & Wang, Q. 2013. The earliest fleshy cone of Ephedra from the Early Cretaceous Yixian formation of northeast China. PLoS ONE 8:(1):e53652. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053652

Yang, Y. [et al. 2005], Geng, B.-Y., Dilcher, D. L., Chen, Z.-D., & Lott, T. A. 2005. Morphology and affinities of an early Cretaceous Ephedra (Ephedraceae) from China. American J. Bot. 92: 231-241.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2015], Lin, L., & Ferguson, D. K. 2015. Parallel evolution of leaf morphology in gnetophytes. Organisms Divers. Environm. 15: 651-662.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2017], Xie, L., & Ferguson, D. K. 2017. Protognetaceae: A new gnetoid macrofossil family from the Jurassic of northeastern China. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 28: 67-77.

Yang, Y. [et al. 2018], Lin, L., Ferguson, D. K., & Wang, Y.-W. 2018. Macrofoissil evidence unveiling evolution of male cones in Ephedraceae (Gnetidae). BMC Evol. Biol. 18:125. https://doi.org/10.1i86/s12862-018-1243-9

Yang, Y. [et al. 2020], Wang, Y., & Ferguson, D. K. 2020. A new macrofossil ephedroid with unusual bract morphology from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of northeastern China. BMC Evol. Biol. 20:19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1569-y

Yang, Y. [et al. 2022], Ferguson, D. K., Liu, B., Mao, K.-S., Gao, L.-N., Zhang, S.-Z., Wan, T., Rushforth, K., & Zhang, Z.-X. 2022. Recent advances on phylogenomics of gymnosperms and a new classification. Plant Divers. 44: 340-350.

Yang, Y. [Yongshi] [et al. 2020], Sun, P., Lv, L., Wang, D., Ru, D., Li, Y., Ma, T., Zhang, L., Shen, X., Meng, F., Jiao, B., Shan, L., Wang, Q., Qin Z., Xi, Z., Wang, X., Davis, C. C., & Liu, J. 2020. Prickly waterlily and rigid hornwort genomes shed light on early angiosperm evolution. Nature Plants https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0594-6

Yang, Y.-J. [et al. 2021], Bi, M.-H., Nie, Z.-F., Jiang, H., Liu, X.-D., Fang, X.-W., & Brodribb, T. J. 2021. Evolution of stomatal closure to optimize water-use efficiency in response to dehydration in ferns and seed plants. New Phytol. 230: 2001-2010. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17278

Yang, Y.-W. [et al. 1999], Lai, K.-N., Tai, P.-Y., Ma, D.-P., & Li, W.-H. 1999. Molecular phylogenetic studies of Brassica, Rorippa, Arabidopsis and allied genera based on the internal transcribed spacer region of 18S-25S rDNA. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 13: 455-462.

Yang, Y.-Y. [et al. 2021], Qu, X.-J., Zhang, R., Stull, G. W., & Yi, T.-S. 2021. Plastid phylogenomic analyses of Fagales reveal signatures of conflict and ancient chloroplast capture. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 163:107232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107232

Yang, Y.-Z. [et al. 2020], Sun, P.C., Lv, L.K., Wang, D.L., Ru, D.F., Li, Y., Ma, T., Zhang, L., Shen, X.X., Meng, F.B., Jiao, B.B., Shan, L.X., Liu, M., Wang, Q.F., Qin, Z.J., Xi, Z.X., Wang, X.Y., Davis, C.C., & Liu, J.Q. 2020. Prickly waterlily and rigid hornwort genomes shed light on early angiosperm evolution. Nature Plants 6: 215-222.

Yang, Z. [Zhen] [et al. 2019], Wang, G., Ma, Q., Ma, W., Liang, L., & Zhao, T. 2019. The complete chloroplast genomes of three Betulaceae species: Implications for molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography. PeerJ 7:e6320. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6320

Yang, Z. [Zhenzhen] [et al. 2014], Wafula, E. K., Honaas, L. A., Zhang, H., Das, M., Fernandez-Aparicio, M., Huang, K., Gunathilake, P. C. G., Wu, B., Der, J. P., Clarke, C. R., Ralph, P. E., Landherr, L., Altman, N. S., Timko, M. P., Yoder, J. I., Westwood, J. H., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2015 [= 2014]. Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal core parasitism genes and suggest gene duplication and repurposing as sources of structural novelty. Molec. Biol. Evol. 32: 767-790. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu343

Yang, Z. [et al. 2016], Zhang, Y., Wafula, E. K., Honaas, L. A., Ralph, P. E., Jones, S., Clarke, C. R., Lu, S., Su, C., Zhang, H., Altman, N. S., Schuster, S. C., Timko, M. P., Yoder, J. I., Westwood, J. H., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2016. Horizontal gene transfer is more frequent with increased heterotrophy and contributes to parasite adaptation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 113: E7010-E7019.

Yang, Z. [et al. 2019], Wafula, E. K., Lim, G., Shahid, S., McNeal J. R., Ralph, P. E., Timilsena, P. R., Yu, W.-b., Kelly, E. A., Zhang, H., Person, T. N., Altman, N. S., Axtell, M. J., Westwood, J. H., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2019. Convergent horizontal gene transfer and cross-talk of mobile nucleic acids in parasitic plants. Nature Plants 5: 911-1001.

Yang, Z. [Zhi] [et al. 2022], Tan, C. Wei, Y.-M., Rohwer, J. G., Liu, B., & Yang, Y. 2022. Floral morphology and phenology of Sassafras tzumu (Lauraceae). BMC Plant Biol. 22:327. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03714-6

Yang, Z.-L. [et al. 2020], Kunert, G., Sporer, T., Körnig, J., & Beran, F. 2020. Glucosinolate abundance and composition in Brassicaceae influence sequestration in a specialist flea beetle. J. Chem. Ecol. 46: 186-197.

Yang, Z.-R. [Zhi-Rong], & Lin, Q. 2007. Comparative wood anatomy of Schisandraceae and its systematic significance. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 45: 191-206. [In Chinese.]

Yang, Z.-Y. [et al. 2012], Ran, J.-H., & Wang, X.-Q. 2012. Three genome-based phylogeny of Cupressaceae s.l.: Further evidence for the evolution of gymnosperms and Southern Hemisphere biogeography. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 64: 452-470.

Yano, K. [et al. 2008], Yoshida, S., Müller, J., Singh, S., Banba, M., Vickers, K., Markman, K., White, C., Schuller, B., Sato, S., Asamizu, E., Tabata, S., Murooka, Y., Perry, J., Wang, T. L., Kawaguchi, M., Imaizumi-Anraku, H., Hayashi, M., & Parniske, M. 2008. CYCLOPS, a mediator of symbiotic intercellular accomodation. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 20540-20545.

Yant, L. [et al. 2015], Collani, S., Puzey, J., Levy, C., & Kramer, E. M. 2015. Molecular basis for three-dimensional elaboration of the Aquilegia petal spur. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 282:20142778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2778

Yao, B.-j, & Hu, Y.-s. 1982. Comparative anatomy of conifer leaves. Acta Bot. Sinica 20: 275-294. [In Chinese.]

Yao, C. [et al. 2018], Zuo, Y., Du, C., & Ma, J. 2018. Morphological studies of floral nectaries in Euonymus and the probable origin of the echinate fruit surface. Plant Divers. 40: 35-40.

Yao, G. [et al. 2016], Drew, B. T., Yi, T.-S., Yan, H.-F., Yuan, Y.-M., & Ge, X.-J. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships, character evolution and biogeographic diversification of Pogostemon s.l. (Lamiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 98: 184-200.

Yao, G. [et al. 2019], Jin, J.-J., Li, H.-T., Yang, J.-B., Mandala, V. S., Croley, M., Mostow, R., Douglas, N. A., Chase, M. W., Christenhus, M. J. M., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Smith, S. A., Brockington, S. F., Moore, M. J., Yi, T.-S., & Li, D.-Z. 2019. Plastid phylogenomic insights into the evolution of Caryophyllales. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 134: 74-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.023

Yao, K. [et al. 2023], Deng, M., Lin, L., Hu, J., Yang, X., Li, Q,, & Feng, Z. 2023. The fertilization process in Lithocarpus dealbatus (Fagaceae) and its implication on the sexual reproduction evolution of Fagales. Planta 258:23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-023-04178-0

Yao, X. [Xin] [et al. 2019], Tan, Y.-h., Yang, Y.-b., Wang, Y., Corlett, R. T., & Manen, J.-F. 2019. Exceptionally high rates of positive selection on the rbcL gene in the genus Ilex (Aquifoliaceae). BMC Evol. Biol. 19:192. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1521-1

Yao, X. [Xu] [et al. 2019], Zhang, W., Duan, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, R., Shan, H., & Kong, H. 2019. The making of elaborate petals in Nigella through developmental repatterning. New Phytol. 223: 385-396.

Yao, X. [et al. 2020], Song, Y., Yang, J.-B., Tan, Y.-H., & Corlett, R. T. 2020. Phylgeny and biogeography of the hollies (Ilex L., Aquifoliaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 59: 73-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12567

Yao, Y.-F. [et al. 2004], Xi, Y.-Z., Geng, B.-Y., & Li, C.-S. 2004. The exine ultrastructure of pollen grains in Gnetum (Gnetaceae) from China and its bearing on the relationship with the ANITA group. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 146: 415-425.

Yarbrough, J. A. 1932. Anatomical and developmental studies of the foliar embryos of Bryophyllum calycinum. American J. Bot. 19: 443-453.

Yardeni, G. [et al. 2022], Viruel, J., Paris, M., Hess, J., Groot, C. C., de La Harpe, M., Rivera, N., Barfuss, M. H., Till, W., Guzmán-Jacob, V., & Krömer, T. 2022. Taxon-specific or universal? Using target capture to study the evolutionary history of rapid radiations. Molec. Ecol. Resour. 22: 927-945. 10.1111/1755-0998.13523

Yashina, S. [et al. 2012a], Gubin, S., Maksimovich, S., Yashina, A., Gakhova, E., & Gilichikinsky, D. 2012a. Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109: 4008-4013.

Yashina, S. [et al. 2012b], Gubin, S., Maksimovich, S., Yashina, A., Gakhova, E., & Gilichikinsky, D. 2012b. Reply to Oxelman et al.: On the taxonomic status of the plants regenerated from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 109:E2736.

Yashiro, K, & Endo, Y. 2021. Diversification of stem morphological and anatomical characteristics in Eleocharis and related genera (Cyperaceae, Monocotyledoneae). Syst. Bot. 46: 935-950.

Yasukawa, K. 2013. Bioactive components from Asteraceae flowers. Pp. in Berntsen, T., & Alsvik, K. (eds), Flowers: Morphology, Evolutionary Diversification and Implications for the Environment. Nova Science, New York.

Yata, O. [et al. 2010], Chainey, J. C., & Vane-Wright, R. I. 2010. The Golden and Mariana albatrosses, new species of pierid butterflies, with a review of subgenus Appias (Catophaga) (Lepidoptera). Syst. Entomol. 35: 764-800.

Yatomi, R. [et al. 2002], Nakamura, S., & Nakamura, N. 2002. Immunochemical and cytochemical detection of wall components in germinated pollen of gymnnosperms. Grana 41: 21-28.

Yatskievych, G., & Contreras-Jiménez, J. L. 2009. A new genus of holoparasitic Orobanchaceae from Mexico. Novon 19: 266-276.

Yatskievych, G., & Mason, C. T. Jr. 1986. A revision of the Lennoaceae. Syst. Bot. 11: 531-548.

Yatzenko, I. O. [et al. 2012], Melikian, A. P., Bobrov, A. V., & Romanov, M. S. 2012. Fruit structure of water lily family: Carpological point of view on the sister position of Nymphaeaceae s.l. to all other angiosperms (except Amborella). Bull. MOIP (Biology Division) 117: 33-43. [In Russian.]

Yazbek, M., & Oh, S.-H. 2013. Peaches and almonds: Phylogeny of Prunus subg. Amygdalus (Rosaceae) based on DNA sequences and phylogeny. Plant Syst. Evol. 299: 403-418.

Ye, N.-G. [et al. 1993], Gou, C.-Q., Liao, H.-M., & Zhang, Z.-L. 1993. The seedling types of gymnosperms and their evolutionary relationships. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 31: 505-516. [In Chinese.]

Ye, T., & Ronse De Craene, L. 2024. Stipules in angiosperms. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 205: 191-242. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boad076

Ye, W. [et al. 2007], Giblin-Davis, R. M., Davies, K. A., Purcell, M. F., Scheffer, S. J., Taylor, G. S., Center, T. D., Morris, K., & Thomas, W. K. 2007. Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of host plant associations in the nematode genus Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Fergusobiinae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 45: 123-141.

Ye, X. [et al. 2019], Hu, D., Guo, Y., Sun, R. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Schott: Genome structure and comparative and phylogenetic analysis. PLoS ONE 14(7):e0212325. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212325

Ye, X.-Y. [et al. 2019], Ma, P.-F., Yang, G.-Q., Guo, C., Zhang, Y.-X., Chen, Y. -M., Guo, Z.-H., & Li, D.-Z. 2019. Rapid diversification of alpine bamboos associated with the uplift of the Hengduan Mountains. J. Biogeog. 46: 2678-2689. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13723

Ye, X.-Y. [et al. 2021], Ma, P.-F., Guo, C., & Li, D.-Z. 2021. Phylogenomics of Fargesia and Yushania reveals a history of reticulate evolution. J. Syst. Evol. 59: 1183-1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12719

Ye, X.-Y. [et al. 2022], Xu, Z.-C., Cheng, Y.-H., Wang, W.-H., & Li, D. Z. 2022. Inflorescences of Fargesia angustissima T. P. Yi and Yushania pauciramificans T. P. Yi (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) shed light on the taxonomy of the Sino-Himalayan alpine bamboos. PhytoKeys 215: 27-36.

Yeasmin, R. [et al. 2019], Bonser, S. P., Motoki, S., & Nishihara, E. 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhiza influences growth and nutrient uptake of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) under heat stress. HortSci. 54: 846-850.

Yeats, T. H., & Rose, J. K. C. 2013. The formation and function of plant cuticles. Plant Physiol. 163: 5-20.

Yembaturova, E. Y. [et al. 2009], van Wyk, B.-E., & Tilney, P. M. 2009. A review of the genus Curtisia (Curtisiaceae). Bothalia 39: 87-96.

Yembaturova, E. Y. [et al. 2010], van Wyk, B.-E., Tilney, P. M., & Winter, P. J. D. 2010. The taxonomic significance of fruit morphology and anatomy in the genus Alepidea Delaroche (Apiaceae, subfamily Saniculoideae). Plant Divers. Evol. 128: 369-385.

Yen, A. C., & Olmstead, R. G. 2000. Molecular systematics of Cyperaceae tribe Cariceae based on two chloroplast DNA regions: ndhF and trnL intron-intergenic spacer. Syst. Bot. 25: 479-494.

Yeng, W. S., = Wong, S. Y.

Yeo, P. F. 1984. Fruit-discharge-type in Geranium (Geraniaceae): Its use in classification and its evolutionary implications. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 89: 1-36.

Yeo, P. F. 1989. What is happening to the monocotyledons? Plant Syst. Evol. 167: 75-86.

Yeo, P. F. 1990. The classification of Geraniaceae. Pp. 1-22, in Vorster, P. (ed.), Proceedings of the International Geraniaceae Symposium. Stellenbosch.

Yeo, P. F. 1993. Secondary Pollen Presentation: Form, Function and Evolution. Springer, Vienna. [Plant Syst. Evol. Suppl. 6.]

Yeo, P. F. 1998. Ruscaceae. Pp. 412-416, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. III. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Yeoh, S. H. [et al. 2017], Satake, A., Numata, S., Ichie, T., Lee, S. L., Basherudin, N., Muhammad, N., Kondo, T., Otani, T., Hashim, M., & Tani, N. 2017. Unravelling proximate cues of mass flowering in the tropical forests of South-East Asia from gene expression analyses. Molec. Ecol. 26: 5074-5085.

Yesilyurt, J. C. [et al. 2015], Barbará, T., Schneider, H., Russell, S., Culham, A., & Gibby, M. 2015. Identifying the generic limits of the Cheilanthoid genus Doryopteris. Phytotaxa 221: 101-122. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.221.2.1

Yesson, C., & Culham, A. 2006. Phyloclimatic modeling: Combining phylogenetics and bioclimatic modeling. Syst. Biol. 55: 785-802.

Yesson, C. [et al. 2009], Toomey, N. H., & Culham, A. 2009. Cyclamen: Time, sea and speciation biogeography using a temporally calibrated phylogeny. J. Biogeog. 36: 1234-1252.

Yeung, E. C. 2005. The structural organisation of orchid embryos: A functional interpretation. Pp. 123-130, in Nair, H., & Arditti, J. (eds), Proceedings of the 17th World Orchid Conference: "Sustaining Orchids for the Future". Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, Borneo.

Yeung, E. C. 2017. A perspective on orchid seed and protocorm development. Bot. Stud. 58:33. doi 10.1186/s40529-017-0188-4

Yeung, E. C. 2022. The orchid embryo — “an embryonic protocorm". Botany 100: 691-706.

Yeung, E. C., & Law, S. K. 1997. Ovule development. Pp. 31-74, in Arditti, J., & Pridgeon, A. M. (eds). Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, VII. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht.

Yeung, E. C., & Meinke, D. W. 1993. Embryogenesis in angiosperms: Development of the suspensor. Plant Cell 5: 1371-1381.

Yi, S.-X., & Kato, M. 2001. Basal meristem and root development in Isoetes asiatica and Isoetes japonica. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 162: 1225-1235.

Yi, T. [et al. 2004], Lowry, P. P. II, Plunkett, G. M., & Wen, J. 2004. Chromosomal evolution in Araliaceae and close relatives. Taxon 53: 987-1005.

Yi, T. [et al. 2007], Miller, A. J., & Wen, J. 2007. Phylogeny of Rhus (Anacardiaceae based on sequences of nuclear Niai3 intron and chloroplast trnC-trnD. Syst. Bot. 32: 379-391.

Yi, X. [et al. 2013], Gao, L., Wang, B., Su, Y.-J., & Wang, T. 2013. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Cephalotaxus oliveri (Cephalotaxaceae): Evolutionary comparison of Cephalotaxus chloroplast DNAs and insights into the loss of inverted repeat copies in gymnosperms. Genome Biol. Evol. 5: 688-698.

Yin, B. [et al. 2009], Huo, C., Shen, L., Wang, C., Zhao, L., & Wang, Y. 2009. Protolimonoids from the seeds of Xylocarpus granatum. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 37: 218-220.

Yin, G.-S. [et al. 2014], Yang, Z.-Y., Chiang, T.-Y., & Gong, X. 2014. Tracing the origin of the bimodal karyotypes of the tribe Lilieae (Liliaceae) based on comparative karyotype analyses. Plant Diversity Resources 36: 737-746.

Yin, H. [Hengfu] [et al. 2018], Guo, H.-B., Weston, D. J., Borland, A. M., Ranjan, P., Abraham, P. E., Jawdy, S. S., Wachira, J., Tuskan, G. A., Tschaplinski, T. J., Wullschleger, S. D., Guo, H., Hettich, R. L., Gross, S. M., Wang, Z., Visel, A., & Yang, X. 2018. Diel rewiring and positive selection of ancient plant proteins enabled evolution of CAM photosynthesis in Agave. BMC Genomics 19:588. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4964-7

Yi, H. [Huiqin] [et al. 2023], Dong, S., Yang, L., Wang, J., Kidner, C., & Kang, M. 2023. Genome-wide data reveal cryptic diversity and hybridization in a group of tree ferns. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 104:107801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107801

Yin, Y.-Y. [et al. 2016], Zhong, P.-S., Zhang, G.-Q., Chen, L.-J., Zeng, S.-J., Li, M.-H., & Liu, Z.-J. 2016. Morphological, genome size and molecular analyses of Apostasia fogangica (Apostasioideae, Orchidaceae), a new species from China. Phytotaxa 277: 59-67.

Yin, X., & Tsukaya, H. 2019 [= 2018]. Morphogenesis of flattened unifacial leaves in Juncus prismatocarpus (Juncaceae). New Phytol. 222: 1101-1111.

Yin, X., & Kitazawa, M. S. 2021. Beyond Fibonacci patterns and the golden angle: Phyllotactic variations and their cellular origin. J. Plant Res. 134: 369-371.

Yin, X. W. 1999. The decay of forest woody debris: Numerical modeling and implications based on some 300 data cases from North America. Oeoclogia 121: 81-98.

Ying, T.-S. [et al. 1993], Zhang, Y.-L., & Boufford, D. E. 1993. The Endemic Genera of Seed Plants of China. Science Press, Peking.

Yiotis, C., & McElwain, J. C. 2019. A novel hypothesis for the role of photosynthetic physiology in shaping macroevolutionary patterns. Plant Physiol. 181: 1148-1162.

Yockteng, R., & Nadot, S. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among Passiflora species based on the glutamine synthetase nuclear gene expressed in chloroplast (ncpGS). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 31: 379-396.

Yockteng, R. [et al. 2013], Almeida, A. M. R., Morioka, K., Alvarez-Buylla, E. R., & Specht, C. D. 2013. Molecular evolution and patterns of duplication in the SEP/AGL6-like lineage of the Zingiberales: A proposed mechanism for floral diversification. Molec. Biol. Evol. 30: 2401-2422.

Yoda, K., & Suzuki, M. 1992. Comparative wood anatomy of Coriaria. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 105: 235-245.

Yoder, A. D., & Novak, M. D. 2006. Has vicariance or dispersal been the predominant biogeographic force in Madagascar? Only time will tell. Annual Review Ecol. Evol. Syst. 37: 405-431.

Yoder, J. B., & Nuismer, S. L. 2010. When does coevolution promote diversification? American Naturalist 176: 802-817.

Yoder, J. B. [et al. 2010a], Smith, C. I., & Pellmyr, O. 2010. How to become a yucca moth: Minimal trait evolution needed to establish the obligate pollination mutualism. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 100: 847-855.

Yoder, J. B. [et al. 2010b], Clancey, E., Des Roches, S., Eastman, J. M., Gentry, L., Godsoe, W., Hagey, T. J., Jochimsen, D., Oswald, B. P., Robertson, J., Sarver, B. A., Schenk, J. J., Spear, S. F., & Harmon, L. J. 2010b. Ecological opportunity and the origin of adaptive radiations. J. Evol. Biol. 23: 1581-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02029.x

Yokoyama, J. [et al. 2000], Suzuki, M., Iwatsuki, K., & Hasebe, M. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Coriaria, with special emphasis on the disjunct distribution. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 14: 11-19

Yokoyama, J. [et al. 2007], Koizumi, Y., Yokota, M., & Tsukaya, H. 2008 [= 2007]. Phylogenetic position of Oxygyne shinzatoi (Burmanniaceae) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences. J. Plant Res. 121: 27-32.

Yonekura, T. [et al. 2019], Iwamoto, A., Fujita, H., & Sugiyama, M. 2019. Mathematical model studies of the comprehensive generation of major and minor phyllotactic patterns in plants with a predominant focus on orixate phyllotaxis. PLoS Comput. Biol. 15(6):e1007044. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007044

Yonekura-Sakakibara, K. [et al. 2019], Higashi, Y., & Nakabayashi, R. 2019. The origin and evolution of plant flavonoid metabolism. Front. Plant Sci. 10:943. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00943.

Yoneoka, K. [et al. 2023], Hori, K., Kataoka, T., Fujiwara, T., Ebihara, A., & Murakami, N. 2023. Hidden diversity of ferns: Haplopteris mediosora have survived as independent gametophytes in Japan. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 74: 1-15.

Yoneyama. K. [et al. 2013], Ruyter-Spira, C., & Bouwmeester, H. 2013.Induction of germination. Pp. 167-194, in Joel, D. M., Gressel, J., & Musselman, L. J. (eds), Parasitic Orobanchaceae. Parasitic Mechanisms and Control Strategies. Springer, Berlin.

Yong, W., & Su, Q. 1993. Researches of the anatomy of vegetative organs in relation to the systematic position of the Sinofranchetia Hemsl.. Act. Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sinica 13(5): 57-59. [In Chinese.]

\

Yoo, K.-O., & Wen, J. 2002. Phylogeny and biogeography of Carpinus and subfamily Coryloideae (Betulaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 163: 641-650.

Yoo, K.-O., & Wen, J. 2007. Phylogeny of Carpinus and subfamily Coryloideae (Betulaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal sequence data. Plant Syst. Evol. 267: 25-35.

Yoo, K.-O., & Wen, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of Coryloideae based on waxy and atpB-rbcL sequences. Korean J. Plant Taxon. 38: 371-388.

Yoo, M.-J. [et al. 2005], Bell, C. D., Soltis, P. S., & Soltis, D. E. 2005. Divergence times and historical biogeography of Nymphaeales. Syst. Bot. 30: 693-704.

Yoo, M.-J. [et al. 2010], Soltis, P. S., & Soltis, D. E. 2010. Expression of floral MADS-box genes in two divergent water lilies: Nymphaeales and Nelumbo. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 171: 121-146.

Yoon, H. S. [et al. 2004], Hackett, J. D., Ciniglia, C., Pinto, G., & Bhattacharya, D. 2004. A molecular timeline for the origin of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 21: 809-818.

York, H. H. 1913. The origin and development of the embryo sac and embryo in Dendrophthora opuntioides and D. gracile. I. Bot. Gaz. 56: 89-111, pl. 5-6. Ibid., II. Bot. Gaz. 56: 200-216, pl. 7.

Yoshida, H. 2012. Is the lodicule a petal: Molecular evidence? Plant Sci. 184: 121-128. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.12.016

Yoshida, H. [et al. 2018], Tanimoto, E., Hirai, T., Miyanoiri, Y., Mitani, R., Kawamura, M., Takeda, M., Takebara, S., Hirano, K., Kainosho, M., Akagi, T., Matsuoka, M., & Ueguchi-Tanaka, M. 2018. Evolution and diversification of the plant gibberellin receptor GID1. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 115: E7844-E7853.

Yoshida, S., & Shirasu, K. 2009. Multiple layers of incompatibility to the parasitic witchweed, Striga hermonthica. New Phytol. 183: 180-189.

Yoshida, S. [et al. 2010], Maruyama, S., Nozaki, H., & Shirasu, K. 2010. Horizontal gene transfer by the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. Science 328: 1128.

Yoshida, S. [et al. 2019], Kim, S., Wafula, E. K., Tanskanen, J., Kim, Y.-M., Honaas, L., Yang, Z., Spallek, T., Conn, C.E., Ichihashi, Y., Cheong, K., Cui, S., Der, J. P., Gundlach, H., Jiao, Y., Hori, C., Ishida, J. K., Kasahara, H., Kiba, T., Kim, M.-S., Koo, N., Laohavisit, A., Lee, Y.-H., Lumba, S., McCourt, P., Mortimer, J. C., Mutuku, J. M., Nomura, T., Sasaki-Sekimoto, Y., Seto, Y., Wang, Y., Wakatake, T., Sakakibara, H., Demura, T., Yamaguchi, S, Yoneyama, K., Manabe, R.-i., Nelson, D. C., Schulman, A. H., Timko, M. P., dePamphilis,, C. W., Choi, D., & Shirasu, K. 2019. Genome sequence of Striga asiatica provides insight into the evolution of plant parasitism. Current Biol. 29: 3041-3052.

Yoshinaga, A. [et al. 1997], Fujita, M., & Saiki, H. 1997. Cellular distribution of guiacyl and syringyl kignins within an annual ring in oak wood. Mok. Gakk. 43: 384-390.

Yoshizawa, N. [et al. 2000], Inami, A., Miyake, S., Ishiguri, F., & Yokota, S. 2000. Anatomy and lignin distribution of reaction wood in two Magnolia species. Wood Sci. Technol. 34: 183-196.

Yost, J. M. [et al. 2014], Bontrager, M., McCabe, S. W., Burton, D., Simpson, M. G., Kay, K. M., & Ritter, M. 2013 [= 2014]. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution in Dudleya (Crassulaceae). Syst. Bot. 38: 1096-1104.

Young, A. J. 2023. Diversity in pollen structure in the dwarf succulent genus Conophytum N. E. Brown (Aizoaceae). Bradleya 41: 148-162.

Young, A. M. [et al. 1984], Schaller, M., & Strand, M. 1984. Floral nectaries and trichomes in relation to pollination in some species of Theobroma and Herrania (Sterculiaceae). American J. Bot. 71: 466-480.

Young, A. M. [et al. 1987], Erickson, E. H. jr, Strand, M. A., & Erickson,B. J. 1987. Pollination biology of Theobroma and Herrania (Sterculiaceae) — I. Floral biology. Insect Sci. Appl. 8: 151-164.

Young, A. M. [et al. 1989], Erickson, B. J., & Erickson, E. H. 1989. Pollination biology of Theobroma and Herrania (Sterculiaceae) — III. Steam-distilled floral oils of Theobroma species as attractants to flying insects in a Costa Rican cocoa plantation. Internat. J. Trop. Insect Sci. 10: 93-98.

Young, D. A. 1976. Flavonoid chemistry and the phylogenetic relationships of the Julianaceae. Syst. Bot. 1: 149-162.

Young, D. A., & Seigler, D. S. 1981 (eds). Phytochemistry and Angiosperm Phylogeny. Praeger, New York.

Young, D. J., & Watson, L. 1970. The classification of dicotyledons: A study of the upper levels of the hierarchy. Australian J. Botany 18: 387-433.

Young, F. 2007 onwards. Lacistemataceae website.

Young, F. E. 2008 onwards. Lacistemataceae Holistic Database, BioScience Holistics, Bognor Regis, U.K., available online. https://www.lacistemataceae.org/whatsnew.html

Young, F. J., & Montgomery, S. H. 2020. Pollen feeding in Heliconius butterflies: The singular evolution of an adaptive suite. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 287:20201304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1304

Young, M. C. M. [et al. 1996], Braga, M. R., Dietrich, S. M. C., Bolzani, V. S., Trevisan, L. M. V., & Gottlieb, O. R. 1996. Chemosystematic markers of Rubiaceae. Op. Bot. Belgica 7: 205-212.

Young, N. D. [et al. 1999], Steiner, K. E., & dePamphilis, C. W. 1999. The evolution of parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: Plastid gene sequences refute an evolutionary transition series. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 86: 876-893.

Young, N. D. [et al. 2011], Debellé, F., Oldroyd, G. E., Geurts, R., Cannon, S. B., Udvardi, M. K., Benedito, V. A., Mayer, K. F., Gouzy, J., Schoof, H., van de Peer, Y., Proost, S., Cook, D. R., Meyers, B. C., Spannagl, M., Cheung, F., de Mita, S., Krishnakumar, V., Gundlach, H., Zhou, S., Mudge, J., Bharti, A. K., Murray, J. D., Naoumkina, M. A., Rosen, B., Silverstein, K. A., Tang, H., Rombauts, S., Zhao, P. X., Zhou, P., Barbe, V., Bardou, P., Bechner, M., Bellec, A., Berger, A., Bergès, H., Bidwell, S., Bisseling, T., Choisne, N., Couloux, A., Denny, R., Deshpande, S., Dai, X., Doyle, J. J., Dudez, A. M., Farmer, A. D., Fouteau, S., Franken, C., Gibelin, C., Gish, J., Goldstein, S., González, A. J., Green, P. J., Hallab, A., Hartog, M., Hua, A., Humphray, S. J., Jeong, D. H., Jing, Y., Jöcker, A., Kenton, S. M., Kim, D. J., Klee, K., Lai, H., Lang, C., Lin, S., Macmil, S. L., Magdelenat, G., Matthews, L., McCorrison, J., Monaghan, E. L., Mun, J. H., Najar, F. Z., Nicholson, C., Noirot, C., O'Bleness, M., Paule, C. R., Poulain, J., Prion, F., Qin, B., Qu, C., Retzel, E. F., Riddle, C., Sallet, E., Samain, S., Samson, N., Sanders, I., Saurat, O., Scarpelli, C., Schiex, T., Segurens, B., Severin, A. J., Sherrier, D. J., Shi, R., Sims, S., Singer, S. R., Sinharoy, S., Sterck, L., Viollet, A., Wang, B. B., Wang, K., Wang, M., Wang, X., Warfsmann, J., Weissenbach, J., White, D. D., White, J. D., Wiley, G. B., Wincker, P., Xing, Y., Yang, L., Yao, Z., Ying, F., Zhai, J., Zhou, L., Zuber, A., Dénarié, J., Dixon, R. A., May, G. D., Schwartz, D. C., Rogers, J., Quétier, F., Town, C. D., & Roe, B. A. 2011. The Medicago genome provides insight into the evolution of rhizobial symbioses. Nature 480: 520-524. doi: 10.1038/nature10625.

Young, S. N. R. [et al. 2020], Sack, L., Sporck-Koehler, M. J., & Lundgren, M. R. 2020. Why is C4 photosynthesis so rare in trees? J. Experim. Bot. 71: 4629-4638. doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa234

Young, S. N. R. [et al. 2022], Dunning, L. T., Liu, H., Stevens, C. J., & Lundgren, M. R. 2022. C4 trees have a broader niche than their close C3 relatives, J. Experim. Bot. 73: 3189-3204

Young, T. P. [et al. 1997], Stubblefield, C. H., & Isbell, L. A. 1997. Ants on swollen-thorn acaias: Species coexistence in a simple system. Oecologia 109: 98-107.

Youngstaedt, E. [et al. 2018], Irwin, R. E., Fowler, A., Bertone, M. A., Giacomini, S. J., Kunz, M., Suiter, D., & Sorenson, C. E. 2018. Venus Flytrap rarely traps its pollinators. American Naturalist 191: 539-546.

Yu, C.-C., & Chung, K.-F. 2017. Why Mahonia? Molecular recircumscription of Berberis s.l. with the description of two new genera, Alloberberis and Moranothamnus. Taxon 66: 1371-1392.

Yu, D. [et al. 1999], Kotilanen, M., Pöllänen, E., Mehto, M., Elomaa, P., Helarivattu, Y., Albert, V. A., & Teeri, T. H. 1999. Organ identity genes and modified patterns of flower development in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae). Plant J. 17: 51-62.

Yu, D. W., & Davidson, D. W. 1997. Experimental studies of species-specificity in Cecropia-ant relationships. Ecol. Monogr. 67: 273-294.

Yu, D. W., & Pierce, N. E. 1997. A castration parasite of an ant-plant mutualism. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 265: 375-386.

Yu, H. [et al. 2019], Tian, E., Zheng, L., Deng, X., Cheng, Y., Chen, L., Wu, W., Tanming, W., Zhang, D., Compton, S. G., & Kjellberg, F. 2019. Multiple parapatric polinators have radiated across a continental fig tree displaying clinal variation. Molec. Ecol. 28: 2391-2405.

Yu, K., & D'Odorico, P. 2015. Hydraulic lift as a determinant of tree-grass coexistence on savannas. New Phytol. 207: 1038-1051.

Yu, Q. [Qiang] [et al. 2015], Wilcox, K., La Pierre, K., Knapp, A. K., Han, X., & Smith, M. D. 2015. Stoichiometric homeostasis predicts plant species dominance, temporal stability, and responses to global change. Ecology 96: 2328-2335.

Yu, Q. [Qingyi] [et al. 2008], Navajas-Pérez, R., Tong, E., Robertson, J., Moore, P. H., Paterson, A. H., & Ming, R. 2008. Recent origin of dioecious and gynodioecious Y chromosomes in papaya. Trop. Plant Biol. 1: 49-57.

Yu, R.-Y., & van Welzen, P. C. 2020. Historical biogeography of Trigonostemon and Dimorphocalyx (Euphorbiaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 192: 333-349.

Yu, R.-Y. [et al. 2018], van der Ham, R., & van Welzen, P. C. 2019 [= 2018]. Pollen morphology of Trigonostemon and its relatives (Euphorbiaceae). Grana 58: 114-128.

Yu, R.-Y. [et al. 2019], Slik, F. J. W., & van Welzen, P. C. 2020 [= 2019]. Molecular phylogeny of Trigonostemon and relatives. Taxon 68: 918-936.

Yu, S. X. [et al. 2010], Zhou, X.-R., Xu, G.-F., Meng, L., & Bi, H.-Y. 2010. Floral development in Impatiens chishuiensis (Balsaminaceae): Formation of two well-developed anterolateral sepals and four carpels. Plant Syst. Evol. 286: 21-26.

Yu, S.-X. [et al. 2015], Janssens, S. B., Zhu, X.-Y., Lidén, M., Gao, T.-G., & Wang, W. 2016 [= 2015]. Phylogeny of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae): Integrating molecular and morphological evidence into a new classification. Cladistics 32: 179-197. doi: 10.1111/cla.12119

Yu, S.-X. [et al. 2018], Gadagkar, S. R., Potter, D., Xu, D.-X., Zhang, M., & Li, Z.-Y. 2018. Phylogeny of Spiraea (Rosaceae) based on plastid and nuclear molecular data: Implications for morphological character evolution and systematics. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 34: 109-119.

Yu, W.-B. [et al. 2013], Cai, J., Li, D.-Z., Mill, R. R., & Wang, H. 2013. Floral ontogeny of Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae) with an emphasis on the corolla upper lip. J. Syst. Evol. 51: 435-450.

Yu, W.-B. [et al. 2015], Liu, M.-L., Wang, H., Mill, R. R., Ree, R. H., Yang, Y.-B., & Li, D.-Z. 2015. Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of the large temperate genus Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae) with an emphasis on species from the Himalaya-Hengduan mountains. BMC Plant Biol. 15:176. doi: 10.1186/s12870.015.0547.9

Yu, W.-B. [et al. 2018], Randle, C. P., Lu, L., Wang, H., Yang, J.-B., dePamphilis, C. W., Corlett, R. T., & Li, D.-Z. 2018.The hemiparasitic plant Phtheirospermum (Orobanchaceae) is polyphyletic and contains cryptic species in the Hengduan Mountains of Southwest China. Front. Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00142

Yu, X.-Q. [et al. 2014], Maki, M., Drew, B. T., Paton, A. J., Li, H.-W., Zhao, J.-L., Conran, J. G., & Li, J. 2014. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Isodon (Lamiaceae): Rapid radiation in south-west China and Miocene overland dispersal into Africa. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 77: 183-194.

Yu, X.-Q. [et al. 2017], Gao, L.-M., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Yang, J.-B., Fang, L., Yang, S.-X., & Li, D.-Z. 2017. Insights into the historical assembly of East Asian subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests revealed by the temporal history of the tea family. New Phytol. 215: 1235-1248. doi: 10.1111/nph.14683

Yu, Y. [Yan] [et al. 2011], Downie, S. R., He, X., Deng, X., & Yan, L. 2011. Phylogeny and biogeography of Chinese Heracleum (Apiaceae tribe Tordylieae) with comments on their fruit morphology. Plant Syst. Evol. 296: 179-203.

Yu, Y. [Ying] [et al. 2013], Pócs, T., Schäfer-Verwimp, A., Heinrichs, J., Zhu, R.-L., & Schneider, H. 2013. Evidence for rampant homoplasy in the phylogeny of the epiphyllous liverwort genus Cololejeunea (Lejeuneaceae). Syst. Bot. 38: 553-563.

Yu, Y. [et al. 2018], Wortley, A. H., Lu, L., Li, D.-Z., Wang, H., & Blackmore, S. 2018. Evolution of angiosperm pollen. 5. Early diverging superasteridae (Berberidopsidales, Caryophyllales, Cornales, Ericales, and Santalales) plus Dilleniales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103: 106-161.

Yu, Y. [et al. 2019a], Schneider, H., Li, D.-Z., & Wang, H. 2019a. Evolutionary constraints on disparity of ericaceous pollen grains. Ann. Bot. 123: 805-813.

Yu, Y. [et al. 2019b], Liu, H.-M., Yang, J.-B., Ma, W.-Z., Pressel, S., Wu, Y.-H., & Schneider, H. 2019b. Exploring the plastid genome diversity of liverworts. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 382-394. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12515

Yu, Y. [et al. 2019c], Yang, J.-B., Ma, W.-Z., Pressel, S., Liu, H.-M., Wu, Y.-H., & Schneider, H. 2020 [= 2019c]. Chloroplast phylogenomics of liverworts: A reappraisal of the backbone phylogeny of liverworts with emphasis on Ptilidales. Cladistics 36: 184-193.

Yu, Y. [Yunqing], & Kellogg, E. A. 2018. Inflorescence abscission zones in grasses: Diversity and genetic regulation. Annual Plant Reviews 1: 1-38. doi: 10.1002/9781119312994.apr0619

Yu, Y. [et al. 2019], Hu, H., Doust, A. N., & Kellogg, E. A. 2020 [= 2019]. Divergent gene expression networks underlie morphological diversity of abscission zones in grasses. New Phytol. 225: 1799-1815. doi: 10.1111/nph.16087

Yu, Y. [et al. 2020], Leyva, P., Tavares, R. L., & Kellogg, E. A. 2020. The anatomy of abscission zones is diverse among grasses. American J. Bot. 107: 549-561.

Yu, Z. [et al. 2010], Loisel, J., Brosseau, D. P., Beilman, D. W., & Hunt, S. J. 2010. Global peatland dynamics since the last glacial maximum. Geophys. Res. Lett. 37:L13402. doi: 10.1029/2010GL043584

Yu, Z. C. 2012. Northern peatland carbon stocks and dynamics: A review. Biogeosci. 9: 4071-4085.

Yuan, L. [et al. 2018], Liu, Z., Song, X., Jernstedt, J., & Sundaresan, V. 2018. The gymnosperm ortholog of the angiosperm central cell-specification gene CKl1 provides an essential clue to endosperm origin. New Phytol. 218: 1685-1696.

Yuan, L. C. [et al. 2008], Luo, Y.-B., Thien, L. B., Fan, J.-H., Xu, H.-L., Yukawa, J., & Chen, Z.-D. 2008. Pollination of Kadsura longipedunculata (Schisandraceae) a monoecious basal angiosperm, by female, pollen-eating Megommata sp. (Cecidomyiidae: Diptera) in China. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 93: 523-536.

Yuan, M. [et al. 2012], Xu, F., Wang, S.-D., Zhang, D.-W., Zhang, Z.-W., Cao, Y., Xu, X.-C., Luo, M.-H., & Yuan, S. 2012. A single leaf of Camellia oleifera has two types of carbon assimilation pathway, C3 and crassulacean acid metabolism. Tree Physiol. 32: 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps002

Yuan, Q., & Yang, Q. E. 2006. Tribal relationships of Beesia, Eranthis and seven other genera of Ranunculaceae: Evidence from cytological characters. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 150: 267-289.

Yuan, Q.-J. [et al. 2008], Zhang, Z.-Y., Peng, H., & Ge, S. 2008. Chloroplast phylogeny of Dipentodon (Dipentodontaceae) in southwest China and northern Vietnam. Molec. Ecol. 17: 1054-1065.

Yuan, W. [et al. 2023], Liu, M., Chen, D., Xing, Y.-W., Spicer, R. A., Chen, J., Them, T. R., Wang, X., Li, S., Guo, C., Zhang, G., Zhang, L., Zhang, H., & Feng, X. 2023. Mercury isotopes show vascular plants had colonized land extensively by the early Silurian. Sci. Adv. 9(17):eade9510. https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/sciadv.ade9510

Yuan, Y. [et al. 2018], Jin, X., Liu, J., Zhao, X., Zhou, J., Wang, X., Wang, D., Lai, C., Xu, W., Huang, J., Zha, L., Liu, D., Ma, X., Wang, L., Zhou, M., Jiang, Z., Meng, H., Peng, H., Liang, Y., Li, R., Jiang, C., Zhao, Y., Nan, T., Jin, Y., Zhan, Z., Yang, J., Jiang, W., & Huang, L. 2018. The Gastrodia elata genome provides insights into plant adaptation to heterotrophy. Nature Communic. 9:1615.

Yuan, Y.-M. [et al. 2003], Wohlhauser, S., Möller, M., Chassot, P., Mansion, G., Grant, J., Küpfer, P., & Klackenberg, J. 2003. Monophyly and relationships of the tribe Exaceae (Gentianaceae) inferred drom nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 28: 500-517.

Yuan, Y.-M. [et al. 2004], Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer, E., Smets, E., & Küpfer, P. 2004. Phylogeny and biogeography of Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequences. Taxon 53: 391-403.

Yuan, Y.-M. [et al. 2005], Wohlhauser, S., Möller, M., Klackenberg, J., Callmander, M. W., & Küpfer, P. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeography of Exacum (Gentianaceae): A disjunctive distribution in the Indian Ocean basin resulted from long distance dispersal and extensive radiation. Syst. Biol. 54: 21-34.

Yuan, Y.-W., & Olmstead, R. G. 2008. A species-level phylogenetic study of the Verbena complex (Verbenaceae) indicates two independent intergeneric chloroplast transfers. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 48: 23-33.

Yuan, Y.-W. [et al. 2010a], Mabberley, D. J., Steane, D. A., & Olmstead, R. G. 2010a. Further disintegration and redefinition of Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae): Implications for understanding the evolution of an intriguing breeding strategy. Taxon 59: 125-133.

Yuan, Y.-W. [et al. 2010b], Liu, C., Marx, H. E., & Olmstead, R. G. 2010b. An empirical demonstration of using pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes as plant phylogenetic tools: Phylogeny of Verbenaceae and the Verbena complex. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 54: 23-35.

Yuan, Z. [et al. 2009], Gao, S., Xue, D.-W., Luo, D., Li, L.-T., Ding, S.-Y., Yao, X., Wilson, Z. A., Qian, Q., & Zhang, D.-B. 2009. RETARDED PALEA1 controls palea development and floral zygomorphy in rice. Plant Physiol. 149: 235-244.

Yudina, S. V. [et al. 2021a], Schelkunov, M. I., Nauheimer, L., Crayn, D., Chantanaorrapint, S., Hroneš, M., Sochor, M., Dancák, M., Mar, S.-S., Luu, H. T., Nuraliev, M. S., & Logacheva, M. D. 2021a. Comparative analysis of plastid genomes in the non-photosynthetic genus Thismia reveals ongoing gene set reduction. Front. Plant Sci. 12:602598. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.602598

Yudina, S. V. [et al. 2021b], Vislobokov, N. A., & Nuraliev, M. S. 2021b. Evidences of a mixed pollination strategy in Vietnamese species of Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales). Wulfenia 28: 109-128.

Yudina, S. V. [et al. 2022], Kocyan, A., Truong, B. V., Vislobokov, N. A., Lyskov, D. F., Nuraliev, M. S., & Remizowa, M. V. 2022. Structure and development of flowers and inflorescences in Burmannia (Burmanniaceae, Dioscoreales). Front. Plant Sci. 3:849276. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.849276

Yue, J. [et al. 2012], Hu, X., Sun, H., Yang, Y., & Huang, J. 2012. Widespread impact of horizontal gene transfer on plant colonization of land. Nature Communic. 3:1152. DOI: 10:1038/ncomms2148

Yue, J.-X. [et al. 2010], Li, J., Wang, D., Araki, H., Tian, D., & Yang, S. 2010. Genome-wide investigation revelas high evolutionary rates in annual model plants. BMC Plant Biol. 10: 242.

Yukawa, J., & Rohfritsch, O. 2005. Biology and ecology of gall-inducing Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Pp. 273-304, in Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W., & Withers, T. M. (eds), Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. Science Publishers, Enfield, N.H.

Yukawa, T., & Uehara, K. 1996. Vegetative diversification and radiation in subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae): Evidence from chloroplast DNA and morphological characters. Plant Syst. Evol. 201: 1-14.

Yukawa, T. [et al. 1993], Kurita, S., Nisida, M., & Hasebe, M. 1993. Phylogenetic implications of chloroplast DNA restriction site variation in subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 8: 211-221.

Yukawa, T. [et al. 1996], Ohba, H., Kurita, S., Cameron, K. M., & Chase, M. W. 1996. Chloroplast DNA phylogeny of subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae): Insights from a combined analysis based on rbcL sequencers and restriction site variation. J. Plant Res. 109: 169-176.

Yukawa, T. [et al. 2000], Kita, K., & Handa, T. 2000. DNA phylogeny and morphological diversification of Australian Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). Pp. 465-471, in Wilson, K. M., & Morrison, D. A. (eds), Monocots: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Collingwood.

Yukawa, T. [et al. 2002], Miyoshi, K., & Yokoyama, J. 2002. Molecular phylogeny and character evolution of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae). Bull. National Sci. Mus. B (Tokyo) 28: 129-139.

Yukawa, T. [et al. 2009], Ogura-Tsujita, Y., Shefferson, R. P., & Yokoyama, J. 2009. Mycorrhizal diversity in Apostasia (Orchidaceae) indicates the origin and evolution of orchid mycorrhiza. American J. Bot. 96: 1997-2009.

Yulita, K. S. [et al. 2005], Bayer, R. J., & West, J. G. 2005. Molecular phylogenetic study of Hopea and Shorea (Dipterocarpaceae): Evidence from the trnL-trnF and internal transcribed spacer regions. Plant Species Biol. 20: 167-182.

Yumoto, T. [et al. 1997], Itino, T., & Nagamasu, H. 1997. Pollination of hemiparasites (Loranthaceae) by spider hunters (Nectariniidae) in the canopy of a Bornean tropical rain forest. Selbyana 18: 51-60.

Yunus, Y. 1990. Systematic bark morphology of some tropical trees. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 103: 367-377.

Yurtseva, O. V., & Mavrodiev, E. V. 2019. Caelestium, genus novum (Polygonaceae, Polygoneae): Evidence b?sed on the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses of tribe Polygoneae, established with consideration of the secondary structure of the ITS nrDNA regions. Novit. Syst. Plant. Vascul. 50: 47-79.

Yurtseva, O. V. [et al. 2010], Troitsky, A. V., Bobrova, V. K., & Voylokova, V. N. 2010. On taxonomical revision of Polygonum s. str. (Polygonaceae): Phylogenetic and morphological data. Bot. Zhurn 95: 226-247. [In Russian.]

Yurtseva, O. V. [et al. 2016], Kuznetsova, O. I., Mavrodieva, M. F., & Mavrodiev, E. V. 2016. What is Atraphaxis L. (Polygonaceae, Polygoneae): Cryptic taxa and resolved taxonomic complexity instead of the formal lumping and lack of morphological synapomorphies. PeerJ 4:e1977. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1977

Yusupov, Z. [et al. 2022], Ergashov, I., Volis, S., Makhmudjanov, D., Dekhkonov, D., Khassanov, F., Tojibaev, K., Deng, T., & Sun, H. 2022. Seed macro- and micromorphology in Allium (Amaryllidaceae) and its phylogenetic significance. Ann. Bot. 129: 869-911. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcac067.

Zabotina, O. A. 2012. Xyloglucan and its biosynthesis. Front. Plant Sci. 3:134. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00134

Zachariah, E. J. [et al. 2016], Sabulal, B., Nair, D. N. K., Johnson, A. J., & Kumar, C. S. P. 2016. Carbon dioxide emission from bamboo culms. Plant Biol. 18: 400-405.

Zacharias, E. H., & Baldwin, B. G. 2010. A molecular phylogeny of North American Atripliceae (Chenopodiaceae), with implications for floral and photosynthetic pathway evolution. Syst. Bot. 35: 839-857.

Zachos, F. E. 2016. Species Concepts in Biology. Historical Development, Theoretical Foundations and Practical Relevance. Springer, Berlin.

Zachos, J. [et al. 2001], Pagani, M., Sloan, L., Thomas, E., & Billups, K. 2001. Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292: 686-693.

Zachos, J. C. [et al. 2008], Dickens, G. R., & Zeebe, R. E. 2008. An early Cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics. Nature 451: 279-283.

Zagrobelny, M., & Møller, B. L. 2011. Cyanogenic clucosides in the biological warfare between plants and insects: The Burnet moth-Birdsfoot trefoil model system. Phytochem. 72: 1585-1592.

Zagrobelny, M. [et al. 2008], Bak, S., & Møller, B. L. 2008. Cyanogenesis in plants and arthropods. Phytochem. 69: 1457-1468.

Zahn, F. E. [et al. 2023], Söll, E., Chapin, T. K., Wang, D., Gomes, S. I. F., Hynson, N. A., Pausch, J., & Gebauer, G. 2023. Novel insights into orchid mycorrhiza functioning from stable isotope signatures of fungal pelotons. New Phytol. 239: 1449-1463. doi: 10.1111/nph.18991

Zahn, L. M. [et al. 2005], L. M., Kong, H., Leebens-Mack, J. H., Kim, S., Soltis, P. S., Landherr, L. L., Soltis, D. E., dePamphilis, C. W., & Ma, H. 2005. The evolution of the SEPALLATA subfamily of MADS-box genes: A preangiosperm origin with multiple duplications throughout angiosperm history. Genetics 169: 2209-2223.

Zahur, M. S. 1956. Comparative study of secondary phloem of 423 species of woody dicots belonging to 87 families. Cornell Univ. Agric. Experim. Station Mem. 358: 1-160.

Zaika, M. A. [et al. 2020], Kilian, N., Jones, K., Krinitsina, A. A., Nilova, M. V., Speranskaya, A. S., & Sukhorukov, A. P. 2020. Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) — taxonomic reassessment in the light of new molecular phylogenetic and carpological analyses. PhytoKeys 137: 1-85.

Zaikonnikova, T. A. 1966. Deutzias - Ornamental Shrubs. A Monograph of the Genus Deutzia. Nauka, Moscow. [In Russian.]

Zajaczkowska, U. [et al. 2017], Kucharski, S., Nowak, Z., & Grabowska, K. 2017. Morphometric and mechanical characteristics of Equisetum hyemale stem enhance its vibration. Planta 245: 835-848.

Zak, D. R. [et al. 2019], Pellitier, P. T., Agiroff, W. A., Castillo, B., James, T. J., Nave, L. E., Averill, C., Beidler, K. V., Bhatnagar, J., Blesh, J., Classen, A. T., Craig, M., Fernandez, C. W., Gundersen, P., Johansen, R., Koide, R. T., Lilleskov, E. A., Lindahl, B. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Phillips, R. P., & Tunlid, A. 2019. Exploring the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in soil carbon dynamics. New Phytol. 223: 33-39.

Zakaria, R. [et al. 2007], Choong, C. Y., & Faridah-Hanum, I. 2007. Systematic study on Guttiferae Juss. of Peninsular Malaysia based on plastid sequences. Tropics 16: 141-150.

Zakharov, E. V. [et al. 2004], Caterino, M. S., & Sperling, F. A. H. 2004. Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography, and divergence time estimates for swallowtail butterflies of the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Syst. Biol. 53: 193-215.

Zaki, M., & Kuijt, J. 1994. Ultrastructural studies on the embryo sac of Viscum minimum II. Megagametogenesis. Canadian J. Bot. 72: 1613-1628.

Zaki, M., & Kuijt, J. 1995. Ultrastructural studies on the embryo sac of Viscum minimum I. Megasporogenesis. Protoplasma 185: 93-105.

Zalko, J. [et al. 2020], Frachon, S. Morel, A., Deroin, T., Espinosa, F., Xiang, K.-L., Wang, W., Zhang, W.-G., Lang, S., Dixon, L., Pinedo-Castro, M., & Jabbour, F. 2021 [= 2020]. Floral organogenesis and morphogenesis of Staphisagria (Ranunculaceae): Implications for the evolution of synorganized floral structures in Delphinieae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 182: 59-70.

Zalko, J. [et al. 2022a], Deroin, T., Sarthou, C., & Jabbour, F. 2022a. What is inside a papilionoid flower? I. Floral vascular anatomy in the New Caledonian endemic clade Arthroclianthus—Nephrodesmus (Fabaceae, Faboideae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 183: 639-651.

Zalko, J. [et al. 2022a], Deroin, T., Sarthou, C., & Jabbour, F. 2022a. What is inside a papilionoid flower? II. Insights into the vascular anatomy of Faboideae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 183: 652-663.

Zamaloa, M. del C., see Del Carmen Zamaloa, M.

Zamaloa, M. del C. [et al. 2006], Gandolfo, M. A., González, C. C., Romero, E. J., Cúneo, N. R., & Wilf, P. 2006. Casuarinaceae from the Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 1279-1289.

Zaman, B. 1950. The embryology of Juncus prismatocarpus Br. and J. effusus Linn.. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 31: 223-234.

Zambito, J. J. IV, & Benison, K. C. 2013. Extremely high temperatures and paleoclimate trends recorded in Permian ephemeral lake halite. Geology 41: 587-590.

Zambrano, V. A. B., see Barrera-Zambrano, V. A.

Zamengo, H. B. [et al. 2020], Gaglioti, A. L., Chamorro, D., Mogni, V., Oakley, L., Prado, D., Torres, R. B., de Mattos, L., Da-Silva, P. R., & Romaniuc-Neto, S. 2020. Nomenclatural novelties in Celtis (Cannabaceae) and a preliminary phylogeny of the genus with emphasis on the South American species. Brazilian J. Bot. 43: 947–960

Zamora-Tavares, M. del P. [et al. 2016], Martínez, M., Magallón, S., Guzmán-Dávalos, L., & Vargas-Ponce, O. 2016. Physalis and physaloids: A recent and complex evolutionary history. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 100: 41-50.

Zan, T. [et al. 2023], He, Y.-T., Zhang. M., Yonezawa, T., Ma, H., Zhao, Q-M., Kuo, W.-Y., Zhang, W.-J., & Huang, C.-H. 2023. Phylogenomic analyses of Camellia support reticulate evolution among major clades. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 182:107744.

Zanata, T. B. [et al. 2017], Dalsgaard, B., Passos, F. C., Cotton, P. A., Roper, J. J., Maruyama, P. K., Fischer, E., Schleuning, M., Martín González, A. M., Vizentin-Bugoni, J., Franklin, D., Abrahamczyk, S., Alarcon, R., Araújo, A., Araujo, F., Azevedo-Júnior, S., Baquero, A., Böehning-Gaese, K., Carstensen, D., Chupil, H., Coelho, A., Faria, R., Horak, D., Ingcersen, T., Janecek, S., Kohler, G., Las-Casas, F. M., Lopes, A., Machado, A., Machado, C. G., Machado, I. C., Maglianesi, A. M., Malucelli, T., Mohd-Azlan, A., Moura, A. C., Oliveira, G., Oliveria, P. E., Ornelas, J. F., Riegert, J., Rodrigues, L., Lasprilla, L., Rui, A. M., Sazima, M., Schmid, B., Sedlacek, O., Timmermann, A., Vollstädt, M., Wang, Z., Watts, S., Rahbek, C., & Varassin, I. G. 2017. Global patterns of interaction specialization in bird-flower networks. J. Biogeog. 44: 1891-1910.

Zanatta, F. [et al. 2016], Patiño, J., Lebeau, F., Massinon, M., Hylander, K., de Haan, M., Ballings, P., Degreef, J., & Vanderpoorten, A. 2016. Measuring spore settling velocity for an improved assessment of dispersal rates in mosses. Ann. Bot. 118: 197–206.

Zanazzi, A. [et al. 2007], Kohn, M. J., MacFadden, B. J., & Terry, D. O., Jr. 2007. Large temperature drop across the Eocene-Oligocene transition in central North America. Nature 445: 639-642.

Zandonella, P. 1972. Le nectaire florale des Centrospermales. Localization, morphologie, anatomie, histologie, cytologie. 2 vols, vol 1, text, vol. 2, plates. Lyon.

Zandonella, P. 1977. Apports de l'étude comparée des nectaires floraux à la conception phylogénétique de l'ordre des Centrospermales. Ber. Deutschen Bot. Gesell. 90: 105-125.

Zanis, M. J. 2007. Grass spikelet genetics and duplicate gene comparisons. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 93-110.

Zanis, M. J. [et al. 2002], Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Mathews, S., & Donoghue, M. J. 2002. The root of the angiosperms revisited. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 99: 6848-6853.

Zanis, M. J. [et al. 2003], Soltis, P. S., Qiu, Y. L., Zimmer, E., & Soltis, D. E. 2003. Phylogenetic analyses and perianth evolution in basal angiosperms. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 90: 129-150.

Zanne, A. E. [et al. 2013], Tank, D. C., Cornwell, W. K., Eastman, J. M., Smith, S. A., FitzJohn, R. G., McGlinn, D. J., Moles, A. T., O'Meara, B. C., Royer, D. L., Wright, I. J., Aarssen, L., Bertin, R. I., Govaerts, R., Hemmings, F., Leishman, M. R., Oleksyn, J., Reich, P. B., Sargent, R., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Stevens, P. F., Swenson, N. G., Warman, L., Westoby, M., & Beaulieu, J. M. 2013. Three keys to the radiation of angiosperms into freezing environments. Nature 506: 89-92.

Zanne, A. E. [et al. 2018], Pearse, W. D., Cornwell, W. K., McGlinn, D. J., Wright, I. J., & Uyeda, J. C. 2018. Functional biogeography of angiosperms: Life at the extremes. New Phytol. 218: 1697-1709.

Zanne, A. E. [et al. 2022], Flores-Moreno, H., Powell, J. R., Cornwell, W. K., Dalling, J. W., Austin, A. T., Classen, A. T., Eggleton, P., Okada, K.-i., Parr, C. L., Adair, E. C., Adu-Bredu, S., Alam, M. A., Alvarez-Garzón, C., Apgaua, D., Aragón, R.. Ardon, M., Arndt, S. K., Ashton, L. A., Barber, N. A., Beauchêne, J., Berg, M. P., Beringer, J., Boer, M. M., Bonet, J. A., Bunney, K. Burkhardt, T. J., Carvalho, D., Castillo-Figueroa, D., Cernusak, L. A., Cheesman, A. W., Cirne-Silva, T. M., Cleverly, J. R., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Curran, T. J., D’Angioli, A. N., Dallstream, C., Eisenhauer, N., Evouna Ondo, F., Fajardo, A., Fernandez, R. D., Ferrer, A., Fontes, M. A. L., Galatowitsch, M. L., González, G., Gottschall, F., Grace, P. R., Granda, E., Griffiths, H. M., Guerra Lara, M., Hasegawa, M., Hefting, M. M., Hinko-Najera, N., Hutley, L. B., Jones, J., Kahl, A., Karan, M., Keuskamp, J. A., Lardner, T., Liddell, M., Macfarlane, C., Macinnis-Ng, C., Mariano, R. F., Méndez, M. S., Meyer, W. S., Mori, A. S., Moura, A. S., Northwood, M., Ogaya, R., Oliveira, R. S., Orgiazzi, A., Pardo, J., Peguero, G., Penuelas, J., Perez, L. I., Posada, J. M., Prada, C. M., Prívetivý, T., Prober, S. M., Prunier, J., Quansah, G. W., Resco de Dios, V., Richter, R., Robertson, M. P., Rocha, L. F., Rúa, M. A., Sarmiento, C., Silberstein, R. P., Silva, M. C., Siqueira, F. F., Stillwagon, M. G., Stol, J., Taylor, M. K.,Teste, F. P., Tng, D. Y. P., Tucker, D., Türke, M., Ulyshen, M. D., Valverde-Barrantes, O. J., van den Berg, E., van Logtestijn, R. S. P., Veen, G. F., Vogel, J. G., Wardlaw, T. J., Wiehl, G., Wirth, C., Woods, M. J., & Zalamea, P.-C. 2022. Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates. Science 377: 1440-1444.

Zapata, F. 2013. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis of Escallonia (Escalloniaceae): Diversification in montane South America. American J. Bot. 100: 526-545.

Zapata, F., & Fine, P. V. A. 2013. Diversification of the monoterpene synthase gene family (TPSb) in Protium, a highly diverse genus of tropical trees. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 68: 432-442.

Zarate-García, A. M. [et al. 2020], Noguera-Savelli, E., Andrade-Canto, S. B., Zavaleta-Mancera, H. A., Gauthier, A., & Alatorre-Cobos, F. 2020. Bark water storage capacity influences epiphytic orchid preference for host trees. American J. Bot. 107: 726-734.

Zare, G. [et al. 2014], Dönmez, A. A., & Dönmez, E. O. 2014. Pollen morphology and evolution in the genus Orobanche L. s.l. and its allied genera (Orobancheae/Orobanchaceae) in Turkey. Plant Syst. Evol. 300: 783-802.

Zarrei, M. [et al. 2009], Wilkin, P., Fay, M. F., Ingrouille, M. J., Zarre, S., & Chase, M. W. 2009. Molecular systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae; Liliales): Implications of analyses of nuclear ribosomal and plastid DNA sequences for infrageneric classification. Ann. Bot. 104: 125-142.

Zarrei, M. [et al. 2014], Stefanovic, S., & Dickinson, T. A. 2014. Reticulate evolution in North American black-fruited hawthorns (Crataegus section Douglasia; Rosaceae): Evidence from nuclear ITS2 and plastid sequences. Ann. Bot. 114: 253-269.

Zarrei, M. [et al. 2015], Talent, N., Kuzmina, M., Lee, J., Lund, J., Shipley, P. R., Stefanovic, S., & Dickinson, T. A. 2015. DNA barcodes from four loci provide poor resolution of taxonomic groups in the genus Crataegus. AoB Plants 7:plv045. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv045

Zaspel, J. M. [et al. 2014], Weller, S. J., Wardwell, C. T., Zahiri, R., & Wahlberg, N. 2014. Phylogeny and evolution of pharmacophagy in tiger moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). PLoS ONE 9(7):e101975

Zavada, M. S. 1983. Comparative morphology of monocot pollen and evolutionary trends of apertures and wall structures. Bot. Review 49: 331-379.

Zava, M. S. 1984. Pollen wall development in Austrobaileya maculata. Bot. Gaz. 145: 11-21.

Zavada, M. S. 1990. A contribution to the study of pollen wall ultrastructure of orchid pollinia. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 785-801.

Zavada, M. S. 2007. The identification of fossil angiosperm pollen and its bearing on the time and place of the origin of angiosperms. Plant Syst. Evol. 263: 117-134.

Zavada, M. S., & Benson, J. M. 1987. First fossil evidence for the primitive angiosperm family Lactoridaceae. American J. Bot. 74: 1590-1594.

Zavada, M. S., & Dilcher, D. L. 1986. Comparative pollen morphology and its relationship to phylogeny of pollen in the Hamamelidae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 348-381.

Zavada, M. S., & Kim, M. 1996. Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae. Plant Syst. Evol. 200: 13-20.

Zavaleta, E. S. [et al. 2003], Shaw, M. R. Chiariello, N. R., Mooney, H. A., & Field, C. B. 2003. Additive effects of simulated climate changes, elevated CO2, and nitrogen deposition on grassland diversity. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 100: 7650-7654.

Zavaro, C. A. [et al. 1997], Crisci, J. V., & Morrone, J. J. 1997. Synopsis and cladistics of the genus Misodendron (Misodendraceae, Santalales). Fontqueria 48: 225-239.

Záveská, E. [et al. 2012], Fér, T, Sída, O., Krak, K,, Marhold, K., & Leong-Skornicková, J. 2012. Phylogeny of Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) based on plastid and nuclear sequences: Proposal of the new subgenus Ecomata. Taxon 61: 747-763.

Záveská, E. [et al. 2016], Fér, T, Sída, O., Marhold, K., & Leong-Skornicková, J. 2016. Hybridization among distantly related species: Examples from the polyploid genus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 100: 303-321.

Záveská Drábková, L. 2010. Phylogenetic relationships within Juncaceae: Evidence from five regions of plastid, mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA, with notes on morphology. Pp. 389-416, in Seberg, O., Petersen, G., Barfod, A. S., & Davis, J. I. (eds), Diversity, Phylogeny, and Evolution in the Monocotyledons. Aarhus University Press, Århus.

Záveská Drábková, L. 2013. A survey of karyological phenomena in the Juncaceae with emphasis on chromosome number variation and evolution. Bot. Review 79: 401-446.

Záveská Drábková, L., & Kirschner, J. 2013. Oreojuncus, a new genus in the Juncaceae. Preslia 85: 483-503.

Záveská Drábková, L., & Vlcek, C. 2007. The phylogenetic position of Oxychloë (Juncaceae): Evidence from morphology, nuclear and plastid DNA regions. Taxon 56: 95-102.

Záveská Drábková, L., & Vlcek, C. 2009. DNA variation within Juncaceae: Comparison of impact of organelle regions on phylogeny. Plant Syst. Evol. 278: 169-186.

Záveská Drábková, L. [et al. 2003], Kirschner, J., Seberg, O., Petersen, G., & Vlcek, C. 2003. Phylogeny of the Juncaceae based on rbcL sequences, with special emphasis on Luzula DC. and Juncus L. Plant Syst. Evol. 240: 133-147.

Zavialova, N. E., & Tekleva, M. V. 2021. Angiosperm features in pre-Cretaceous pollen. Bot. Zhurn. 106: 627-657. [In Russian.]

Zavialova, N. [et al. 2009], Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J., & Zavada, M. 2009. The pollen ultrastructure of Williamsoniella coronata Thomas (Bennettitales) from the Bajocan of Yorkshire. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 170: 1195-1200.

Zdravchev, N. S. [et al. 2023], Bobrov, A. V. F. Ch., Romanov, M. S., Iovlev, P. S., Timchenko, A. S., Mikhaylova, A. A., Vasekha, N. D., Kuptsov, K. V., Sorokin, A. N., & Kolomeitseva, G. L. 2023. Structure of monomerous diaspores of Pandanus (Pandanaceae): Further steps for interpretation of their nature. Bot. Pacifica 12: 23-31.

Zedane, L. [et al. 2015], Hong-Wa, C., Murienne, J., Jeziorski, C., Baldwin, B. G., & Besnard, G. 2016 [= 2015]. Museomics illuminate the history of an extinct, paleoendemic plant lineage (Hesperelaea, Oleaceae) known from an 1875 collection from Guadalupe Island, Mexico. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 117: 44-57. doi: 10.1111/bij.12509

Zedek, F., & Bureš, P. 2018. Holocentric chromosomes: From tolerance to fragmentation to colonization of the land. Ann. Bot. 121: 9-16.

Zedek, F. [et al. 2020], Šmerda, J., Veselý, P., Horováa, L., Kocmanová, J., & Bureš, P. 2021 [= 2020]. Elevation-dependent endopolyploid response suggests that plants with holocentric chromosomes are less stressed by UV-B. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 195: 106-113.

Zeichner, S. S. [et al. 2021], Nghiem, J., Lamb, M. P., Takashima, M., de Leeuw, J., Ganti, V., & Fischer, W. W. 2021. Early plant organics increased global terrestrial mud deposition through enhanced flocculation. Science 371: 526-529.

Zeigler, A. 1925. Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Androeceums und Samenentwicklung einiger Melastomaceen. Bot. Archiv 9: 398-467.

Zemagho, L. [et al. 2016], Liede-Schumann, S., Sonké, B., Janssens, S., Lachenaud, O., Verstraete, B., & Dessein, S. 2016. Phylogenetics of tribe Sabiceeae (Ixoroideae, Rubiaceae) revisited, with a new subgeneric classification for Sabicea. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 182: 551-580.

Zemp, D. C. [et al. 2017], Schleussner, C.-F., Barbosa, H. M. J., & Rammig, A. 2017. Deforestation effects on Amazon forest resilience. Geophys. Research Lett. 44: 6182-6190.

Zenchyzen, B. [et al. 2023a], Carey, S., Antochi-Crihan, G., & Hall, J. C. 2023a. Developmental and genetic basis of the androgynophore in Gynandropsis gynandra. American J. Bot. 110:e16193. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16193

Zenchyzen, B. [et al. 2023b], Weissner, S., Martin, J., Lopushinsky, A., John, I., Nahal, I., & Hall, J. C. 2023b. Comparative nectary morphology across Cleomaceae (Brassicales). Plants 12:1263. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12061263

Zeng, C.-X. [et al. 2010], Zhang, Y.-X., Triplett, J. K., Yang, J.-B., & Li, D.-Z. 2010. Large multi-locus plastid phylogeny of the tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) reveals ten major lineages and low rate of molecular divergence. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 56: 821-839.

Zeng, G. [et al. 2014], Liu, B., van der Werff, H., Ferguson, D. K., & Yang, Y. 2014. Origin and evolution of the unusual leaf epidermis of Caryodaphnopsis (Lauraceae). Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 16: 296-309.

Zeng, L. [et al. 2014], Zhang, Q., Sun, R., Kong, H., Zhang, N., & Ma, H. 2014. Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times. Nature Communic. 5:4956. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5956

Zeng, L. [et al. 2017], Zhang, N., Zhang, Q., Endress, P. K., Huang, J., & Ma, H. 2017. Resolution of deep eudicot phylogeny and their temporal diversification using nuclear genes from transcriptomic and genomic datasets. New Phytol. 214: 1338-1354.

Zenil-Ferguson, R. [et al. 2016], Ponciano, J. M., & Burleigh, J. G. 2016. Evaluating the role of genome downsizing and size thresholds from genome size distributions in angiosperms. American J. Bot. 103: 1175-1186.

Zenil-Ferguson, R. [et al. 2017], Ponciano, J. M., & Burleigh, J. G. 2017. Testing the association of phenotypes with polyploidy: An example using herbaceous and woody eudicots. Evolution 71: 1138-1148.

Zerdoner Calasan, A., & Kadereit, G. 2023. Evolutionary seed ecology of heteromorphic Amaranthaceae. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 61:125759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2023.125759

Zerdoner Calasan, A. [et al. 2021], German, D. A., Hurka, H., & Neuffer, B. 2021. A story from the Miocene: Clock-dated phylogeny of Sisymbrium L. (Sisymbrieae, Brassicaceae). Ecol. Evol. 11: 2573-2595. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7217

Zerdoner Calasan, A. [et al. 2022], Hammen, S., Sukhorukov, A. P., McDonald, J. T., Brignone, N. F., Böhnert, T., & Kadereit, G. 2022. From continental Asia into the world: Global historical biogeography of the saltbush genus Atriplex (Chenopodieae, Chenopodioideae, Amaranthaceae). Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 54:125660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2022.125660

Zerega, N. J. C., & Gardner, E. M. 2019. Delimitation of the new tribe Parartocarpeae (Moraceae) is supported by a 333-gene phylogeny and resolves tribal level Moraceae taxonomy. Phytotaxa 388: 253-265.

Zerega, N. J. C. [et al. 2004], Mound, L. A., & Weiblen, G. D. 2004. Pollination in the New Guinea endemic Antiaropsis decipiens (Moraceae) is mediated by a new species of thrips, Thrips antiaropsidis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 1017-1026.

Zerega, N. J. C. [et al. 2005], Clement, W. L., Datwyler, S. L., & Weiblen, G. D. 2005. Biogeography and divergence times in the mulberry family (Moraceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 37: 402-416.

Zerega, N. J. C. [et al. 2010], Nur Supardi, M. N., & Motley, T. J. 2010. Phylogeny and recircumscription of Artocarpeae (Moraceae) with a focus on Artocarpus. Syst. Bot. 35: 766-782.

Zervas, A. [et al. 2019], Petersen, G., & Seberg, O. 2019. Mitochondrial genome evolution in parasitic plants. BMC Evol. Biol. 19:87. doi: 10.1186/s12862-019-1401-8.

Zetter, R., & Hesse, M. 1996. The morphology of pollen tetrads and viscin threads in some Tertiary, Rhododendron-like Ericaceae. Grana 35: 285-294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173139609429083

Zettler, J. A. [et al. 2001], Spira, T. P., & Allen, G. R. 2001. Yellow Jackets (Vespula spp.) disperse Trillium (spp.) seeds in eastern North America. American Midl. Naturalist 146: 444-446.

Zgurski, J. M. [et al. 2008], Rai, H. S., Fai, Q. M., Bogler, D. J., & Francisco-Ortega, J. 2008. How well do we understand the overall backbone of cycad phylogeny? New insights from a large, multigene plastid data set. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 47: 1232-1237.

Zhai J.-W. [et al. 2013], Zhang G.-Q., Chen L.-J., Xiao X.-J., Liu K.-W., Tsai W.-C., Hsiao, Y.-Y., Tian, H.-Z., Zhu, J.-Q., Wang, M.-N., Wang, F.-G., Xing, F.-W., & Liu, Z.-J. 2013. A new orchid genus, Danxiaorchis, and phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Calypsoeae. PLoS ONE 8:e60371. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060371

Zhai, J.-W. [et al. 2014], Zhang, G.-Q., Li, L., Wang, M., Chen, L. J., Chung, S.-W., Rodríguez, F. J., Francisco-Ortega, J., Lan, S.-R., & Liu, Z.-J. 2014. A new phylogenetic analysis sheds new light on the relationships in the Calanthe alliance (Orchidaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 77: 216-222.

Zhai, W. [et al. 2019], Duan, X., Zhang, R., Guo, C., Li, L., Xu, G., Shan, H., Kong, H., & Ren, Y. 2019. Chloroplast genomic data provide new and robust insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the Ranunculaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 135: 12-21.

Zhang, B. [et al. 2010], Tolstikov, V., Turnbull, C., Hicks, L. M., & Fiehn, O. 2010. Divergent metabolome and proteome suggest functional independence of dual phloem transport system in cucurbits. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 107: 13532-13537.

Zhang, B. W. [et al. 2019], Xu, L. L., Li, N., Yan, P. C., Jiang, X. H., Woeste, K. E., Lin, K., Renner, S. S., Zhang, D. Y., & Bai, W. N. 2019. Phylogenomics reveals an ancient hybrid origin of the Persian walnut. Molec. Biol. Evol. 36:2451-2461. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz112

Zhang, C. [Caifei] [et al. 2020], Zhang, T., Luebert, F., Xiang, Y., Huang, C.-H., Hu, Y., Rees, M., Frohlich, M., Qi, J., Weigend, M., & Ma, H. 2020. Asterid phylogenomics/phylotranscriptomics uncover morphological evolutionary histories and support phylogenetic placement for numerous whole genome duplications. Molec. Biol. Evol. 37: 3188-3210. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa160

Zhang, C. [et al. 2021], Huang, C. H., Liu, M., Hu, Y., Panero, J. L., Luebert, F., Gao, T., & Ma, H. 2021. Phylotranscriptomic insights into Asteraceae diversity, polyploidy, and morphological innovation. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 63(7): 1273-1293. doi: 10.1111/jipb.13078

Zhang, C. [Cankui] [et al. 2012], Yu, X., Ayre, B. G., & Turgeon, R. 2012. The origin and composition of cucurbit "phloem" exudate. Plant Physiol. 158: 1873-1882.

Zhang, C. [Canyu] [et al. 2020], Ma, H., Sanchez-Puerta, M. V., Li, L., Xiao, J., Liu, Z., Ci, X., & Li, J. 2020. Horizontal gene transfer has impacted cox 1 gene evolution in Cassytha filformis. J. Molec. Evol. 88: 361-371.

Zhang, D. [Dale] [et al. 2014], Qi, J., Yue, J., Huang, J., Sun, T., Li, S., Wen, J.-F., Hettenhausen, C., Wu, J., Wang, L., Zhuang, H., Wu, J., & Sun, G. 2014. Root parasitic plant Orobanche aegyptiaca and shoot parasitic plant Cuscuta australis obtained Brassicaceae-specific strictosidine synthase-like genes by horizontal gene transfer. BMC Plant Biol. Jan 13; 14:19. 14:19. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/14/19

Zhang D. [Deqiang] [et al. 2008], Hui, D., Luo, Y., & Zhou, G. 2008. Rates of litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems: Global patterns and controlling factors. J. Plant Ecol. 1: 85-93.

Zhang, D. [Di] [et al. 2010], Zhuo, L.-H., & Shen, X.-H. 2010. Sporogenesis and gametogenesis in Agapanthus praecox Willd. orientalis (Leighton) Leighton and their systematic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 288: 1-11.

Zhang, D. [et al. 2011], Ren, L., Shen, X.-H., & Zhuo, L.-H. 2011. Fertilization and embryogeny in Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis (Leighton) Leighton. Plant Syst. Evol. 295: 25-30.

Zhang, D.-X. [et al. 2009], Nagabhyru, P., & Schardl, C. L. 2009. Regulation of a chemical defense against herbivory produced by symbiotic fungi in grass plants. Plant Physiol. 150: 1072-1082.

Zhang, F. [et al. 2012], Hui, C., & Pauw, A. 2012. Adaptive divergence in Darwin's race: How coevolution can generate trait diversity in a pollination system. Evolution 67: 548-560.

Zhang, G., & Ma, H. 2024. Nuclear phylogenomics of angiosperms and insights into their relationships and evolution. J. Integr. Plant Biol.

Zhang, G. [et al. 2023], Hu, Y., Huang, M.-Z., Huang, W.-C., Liu, D.-K., Zhang, D., Hu, H., Downing, J. L., Liu, Z.-J., & Ma, H. 2023. Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of Orchidaceae using nuclear genes and evolutionary insights into epiphytism. J. Integrat. Plant Biol. 65: 1204-1225. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.13462

Zhang, G.-J., & Zhang, Z.-P., & Li, Q.-Q. 2022. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of Sanguisorba species and insights into phylogenetic implications and molecular dating. Nordic J. Bot. 2022:e03719. doi: 10.1111/njb.03719

Zhang, G.-Q. [et al. 2017], Liu, K.-W, Li, Z., Lohaus, R., Hsiao, Y.-Y., Niu, S.-C., Wang, J.-Y., Lin, Y.-C., Xu, Q., Chen, L.-J., Yoshida, K., Fujiwara, S., Wang, Z.-W., Zhang, Y.-Q., Mitsuda, N., Wang, M., Liu, G.-H., Pecoraro, L., Huang, H.-X., Xiao, X.-J., Lin, M., Wu, X.-Y., Wu, W.-L., Chen, Y.-Y., Chang, S.-B., Sakamoto, S., Ohme-Takagi, M., Yagi, M., Zeng, S.-J., Shen, C.-Y., Yeh, C.-M., Luo, Y.-B., Tsai, W.-C., van de Peer, Y., & Liu, Z.-J. 2017. The Apostasia genome and the evolution of orchids. Nature 549: 379-383.

Zhang, G.-Q. [et al. 2021], Chen, G.-Z., Chen, L.-J., Zhai, J.-W., Huang, J., Wu, X.-Y., Li, M.-H., Peng, D.-H., Rao, W.-H., Liu, Z.-J., & Lan, S.-R. 2021. Phylogenetic incongruence in Cymbidium orchids. Plant Divers. 43: 452-461.

Zhang, H. [Hongxiang] [et al. 2022], Florentine, S., & Tennakoon, K. U. 2022. The angiosperm stem hemiparasitic genus Cassytha (Lauraceae) and its host interactions: A review. Front. Plant Sci. 13:864110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.864110

Zhang, H. [Huanlei] [et al. 2018], Jin, J., Moore, M. J., Yi, T., & Li, D. 2018. Plastome characteristics of Cannabaceae. Plant Divers. 40: 127-137.

Zhang, H. C., & Qiao, G. X. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of Fordini (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Pemphiginae) inferred from nuclear gene EF-1α and mitochondrial gene COI. Bull. Entomol. Res. 97: 379-386.

Zhang, H.-Y. [et al. 2022], Zhang, X.-Y., Ning, K., Yan, X.-L., Wang, Q.-J., Huang, Z.-X., Zhu, Q.-Q., Zhao, L., Zhang, Y.-Q., Ren, Y., & Zhang, X.-H. 2022. Stamen and pollen development in Menispermaceae with contrasting androecium structure. Plant Syst. Evol. 308:36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606.022.01828-w

Zhang, J. [Jian] [et al. 2020], Fu, X.-X., Li, R.-Q., Zhao, X., Liu, Y., Li, M.-H., Zwaenepoel, A., Ma, H., Goffinet, B., Guan, Y.-L., Xue, J.-Y., Liao, Y.-Y., Wang, Q.-F., Wang, Q.-H., Wang, J.-Y., Zhang, G.-Q., Wang, Z.-W., Jia, Y., Wang, M.-Z., Dong, S.-S., Yang, J.-F., Jiao, Y.-N., Guo, Y.-L., Kong, H.-Z., Lu, A.-M., Yang, H.-M., Zhang, S.-Z., van de Peer, Y., Liu, Z.-J., & Chen, Z. D. 2020. The hornwort genome and early land plant evolution. Nature Plants 6: 107-118.

Zhang, J. [Jiayin] [et al. 2023], Huang, Z., Fu, W., Zhang, C., Zan, T., Nan, P., Li, L., Song, Z., Zhang, W., Yang, J., & Wang, Y. 2023. Host shift promotes divergent evolution between closely related holoparasitic species. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 186:107842.

Zhang, J. [Jin] [et al. 2015], Ruhlmann, T. A., Sabir, J., Blazier, J. C., & Jansen, R. K. 2015. Coordinated rates of evolution between interacting plastid and nuclear genes in Geraniaceae. Plant Cell 27: 563-573.

Zhang, J. [Jing] [et al. 2012], Wang, S., Li, H., Hu, B., Yang, X., & Wang, Z. 2012. Diffuse coevolution between two Epicephala species (Gracillariidae) and two Breynia species (Phyllanthaceae). PLoS ONE 7(7):e41657. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041657

Zhang, J. [et al. 2019], Cong, Q., Shen, J., Opler, P. A., & Grishin, N. V. 2019. Genomics of a complete butterfly continent. bioRΧiv https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2019/11/04/829887.full.pdf

Zhang, J. [Jingbo], & Zhang, W. 2016. Floral symmetry evolution in Solanaceae. P. 281, in Botany 2016. Celebrating our History, Conserving our Future. Savannah, Georgia. [Abstracts.]

Zhang, J. [et al. 2017], Stevens, P. F., & Zhang, W. 2017. Evolution of floral zygomorphy in androecium and corolla in Solanaceae. J. Syst. Evol. 55: 581-590.

Zhang, J. [et al. 2022], Stevens, P. F., & Zhang, W. 2022. Evolution and development of inflorescences and floral symmetry in Solanaceae. American J. Bot. 109: 746-767.

Zhang, J.-B. [et al. 2013], Li, R.-Q., Xiang, X.-G., Manchester, S. R., Lin, L., Wang, W., Wen, J., & Chen, Z.-D. 2013. Integrated fossil and molecular data reveal the biogeographic diversification of the Eastern Asian - East North American disjunct hickory genus (Carya Nutt.). PLoS ONE 8(7):e70449. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070449

Zhang, J. [Jisen] [et al. 2014], Liu, J., & Ming, R. 2014. Genomic analyses of the CAM plant pineapple. J. Exper. Bot. 65: 3395-3404.

Zhang, J.-H. [et al. 2020], Zeng, J.-C., Wang, X.-M., Chen, S.-F., Albach, D. C., & Li, H.-Q. 2020. A revised classification of leaf variegation types. Flora 272:151703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151703

Zhang, J.-Q. [et al. 2014a], Meng, S.-Y., Wen, J., & Rao, G.-Y. 2014a. Phylogenetic relationships and character evolution of Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequences. Syst. Bot. 39: 441-451.

Zhang, J.-Q. [et al. 2014b], Meng, S.-Y., Allen, G. A., Wen, J., & Rao, G.-Y. 2014b. Rapid radiation and dispersal out of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau of an alpine plant lineage Rhodiola (Crassulaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 77: 147-158.

Zhang, J. W. [et al. 2011], Nie, Z. L., Wen, J., & Sun, H. 2011. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of three closely related genera Soroseris, Stebbinsia, and Syncalathium (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, China. Taxon 60: 1-12.

Zhang, J.-W. [et al. 2023], Kilian, N., Huang, J.-H., & Sun, H. 2023. Ixeridium sagittarioides (Asteraceae-Cichorieae) revisited: Range extension and molecular evidence for its systematic position in the Lactuca alliance. PhytoKeys 230: 115-130.

Zhang, K. [et al. 2016], Li, S., Ji, Y., Yang, C., Wang, X., Yang, C., Wang, H., Jiang, H., Harrison, R. D., & Yu, D. W. 2016. Plant diversity accurately predicts insect diversity in two tropical landscapes. Molec. Ecol. 25: 4407-4419.

Zhang, L. [Liang], & Zhang, L.-B. 2018 [= 2017]. Phylogeny and systematics of the brake fern genus Pteris (Pteridaceae) based on molecular (plastid and nuclear) and morphological evidence. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 118: 265-285.

Zhang, L., & Zhang, L.-B. 2018. A classification of the fern genus Tectaria (Tectariaceae: Polypodiales) based on molecular and morphological evidence. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 103: 188-199.

Zhang, L., & Zhang, L.-B. 2022. Phylogeny, character evolution, and systematics of the fern family Ophioglossaceae based on Sanger sequence data, plastomes, and morphology. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 173:107512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107512

Zhang, L. [et al. 2015], Rothfels, C. J., Ebihara, A., Schuettpelz, E., Le Péchon, T., Kamau, P., He, H., Zhou, X.-M., Prado, J., Field, A., Yatskievych, G., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2015. A global plastid phylogeny of the brake fern genus Pteris (Pteridaceae) and related genera in the Pteridoideae. Cladistics 31: 406-423. doi: 10.1111/cla.12094

Zhang, L. [et al. 2016a], Schuettpelz, E., Rothfels, C. J., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2016a. Circumscription and phylogeny of the fern family Tectariaceae based on plastid and nuclear markers, with the description of two new genera: Draconopteris and Malaifilix (Tectariaceae). Taxon 65: 723-738.

Zhang, L. [et al. 2016b], Zhou, X.-M., Lu, N. T., & Zhang, L.-B. 2016b. Phylogeny of the fern subfamily Pteridoideae (Pteridaceae; Pteridophyta), with the description of a new genus: Gastoniella. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 109: 59-72.

Zhang, L. [et al. 2019], Lu, N. T., Zhou, X.-M., Chen, D.-K., Knapp, R., Zhou, L., Guo, L., Luong, T. T., Sun, H., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2019. A plastid phylogeny of the Old World fern genus Leptochilus (Polypodiaceae): Implications for cryptic speciation and prgressive colonization from lower to higher latitiudes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 134: 311-322.

Zhang, L. [et al. 2020a], Zhou, X.-M., Liang, X.-L., Fan, X.-P., Lu, N. T., Song, M.-S., Knapp, R., Gao, X.-F., Sun, H., & Zhang, L.-B. 2020a. Phylogeny and classification of tribe Lepisoreae (Polypodiaceae; Pteridophyta) with the description of a new genus, Ellipinema gen. nov., segregated from Lepisorus. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 148:106803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106803

Zhang, L. [et al. 2020b], Fan, X.-P., Petschri, S., Zhou, L., Pollawatn, R., Zhang, X., Zhou, X.-M., Lu, N. T., Knapp, R., Chantanaorrapint, S., Limpanasittichai, P., Sun, H., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2020b. Evolutionary relationships of the ancient fern lineage the adder's tongues (Ophioglossaceae) with description of Sahashia gen. nov.. Cladistics 36: 380-393>

Zhang, L. [et al. 2024a], Liang, Z.-L., Fan, X.-P., Lu, N. T., Zhou, X.-M., Wei, H.-J., & Zhang, L.-B. 2024a. The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot for ferns: Updated phylogeny helps discover hidden diversity in the Java fern genus Leptochilus (Polypodiaceae). Plant Divers.

Zhang, L. [et al. 2024b], Lu, N. T., Zhou, X.-M., Zhou, Z., Thepkayson, K., Luong, T. T., & Zhang, L.-B. 2024b. Exploring the diversity of the Java fern genus Leptochilus (Polypodiaceae) in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. Phytotaxa 659: 213-235.

Zhang, L. [Liangsheng] [et al. 2019], Chen, F., Zhang, X., Li, Z., Zhao, Y., Lohaus, R., Chang, X., Dong, W., Ho, S. Y. W., Liu, X., Song, A., Chen, J., Guo, W., Wang, Z., Zhuang, Y., Wang, H., Chen, X., Hu, J., Liu, Y., Qin, Y., Wang, K., Dong, S., Liu, Y., Zhang, S., Yu, X., Wu, Q., Wang, L., Yan, X., Jiao, Y., Kong, H., Zhou, X., Yu, C., Chen, Y., Li, F., Wang, J., Chen, W., Chen, X., Jia, Q., Zhang, C., Jiang, Y., Zhang, W., Liu, G., Fu, J., Chen, F., Ma, H., Van de Peer, Y., & Tang, H. 2020 [= 2019]. The waterlily genome and the early evolution of flowering plants. Nature 577: 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1852-5

Zhang, L. [et al. 2020], Wu, S., Chang, X., Wang, X., Zhao, Y., Xia, Y., Trigiano, R. N., Jiao, Y., & Chen, F. 2020. The ancient wave of polyploidization events in flowering plants and their facilitated adaptation to environmental stress. Plant Cell Environ. 43: 2847-2856.

Zhang, L. [Limei] [et al. 2017], Chang, C., Du, F. K., Zhao, F., Xiong, B., & Zhang, Z. 2017. Chloroplast phylogenomic analyses maternal relationships among sections in the genus Populus. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 70: 132-140.

Zhang, L. [Lin] [et al. 2022], Zhu, X., Zhao, Y., Guo, J., Zhang, T., Huang, W., Huang, J., Hu, Y., Huang, C.-H., & Ma, H. 2022. Phylotranscriptomics resolves the phylogeny of Pooideae and uncovers factors for their adaptive evolution. Molec. Biol. Evol. 39:msac026. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac026

Zhang, L. [et al. 2023], Morales-Briones, D. F., Li, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, T., Huang, C.-H., Guo, P., Zhang, K., Wang, Y., Wang, H., Shang, F.-D., & Ma, H. 2023. Phylogenomics insights into gene evolution, rapid species diversification, and morphological innovation of the apple tribe (Maleae, Rosaceae). New Phytol. 240: 2102-2120. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19175

Zhang, L. [Linda] & Clement, W. L. 2021. Evolution of leaf fusion in honeysuckle (Periclymenum, Lonicera). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 182: 663-.

Zhang, L.-B. 2016. Eucommiaceae. Pp. 193-196, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Zhang, L.-B., & Renner, S. S. 2003a. Phylogeny of Cucurbitales inferred from seven chloroplast and mitochondrial loci. P. 110, in Botany 2003: Aquatic and Wetland Plants: Wet and Wild. Abstracts. [Mobile, Alalbama.]

Zhang, L.-B., & Renner, S. S. 2003b. The deepest splits in Chloranthaceae are resolved by chloroplast sequences. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164(5 Suppl.): S383-392.

Zhang, L.-B., & Simmons, M. P. 2006. Phylogeny and delimitation of the Celastrales inferred from nuclear and plastid genes. Syst. Bot. 31: 122-137.

Zhang, L.-B., & Zhang, L. 2012. The inclusion of Acrophorus, Diacalpe, Nothoperanema, and Peranema in Dryopteris: The molecular phylogeny, systematics, and nomenclature of Dryopteris subgen. Nothoperanema (Dryopteridaceae). Taxon 61: 1199-1216.

Zhang, L.-B., & Zhang, L. 2015. Didymochlaenaceae: A new family of eupolypods I (Polypodiales). Taxon 64: 27-38.

Zhang, L.-B. [et al. 2004], Comes, H. P., & Kadereit, J. W. 2004. The temporal course of Quaternary diversification in the European high mountain endemic Primula section Auricula (Primulaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 165: 191-207.

Zhang, L.-B. [et al. 2006], Simmons, M. P., Kocyan, A., & Renner, S. S. 2006. Phylogeny of the Cucurbitales based on DNA sequences of nine loci from three genomes: Implications for morphological and sexual system evolution. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 39: 305-322.

Zhang, L.-B. [et al. 2007], Simmons, M. P., & Renner, S. S. 2007. A phylogeny of Anisophylleaceae based on six nuclear and plastid loci: Ancient disjunctions and recent dispersal between South America, Africa, and Asia. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 44: 1057-1067.

Zhang, L.-B. [et al. 2012], Zhang, L., Dong, S.-Y., Sessa, E. B., Gao, X.-F., & Ebihara, A. 2012. Molecular circumscription and major evolutionary lineages of the fern genus Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae). BMC Evol. Biol. 12:180

Zhang, L.-N. [et al. 2019], Ma, P.-F., Zhang, Y.-X., Zeng, C.-X., Zhao, L., & Li, D.-Z. 2019. Using nuclear loci and allelic variation to disentangle the phylogeny of Phyllostachys (Poaceae, Bambusoideae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 137: 222-235.

Zhang, M. [et al. 2022], Zhang, X.-H., Ge, C.-L., & Chen, B.-H. 2022. Terniopsis yongtaiensis (Podostemaceae), a new species from South East China based on morphological and genomic data. PhytoKeys 194: 105-122.

Zhang, M.-L. [Ming-Li], & Fritsch, P. W. 2010. Evolutionary response of Caragana (Fabaceae) to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift and Asian interior aridification. Plant Syst. Evol. 288: 191-199.

Zhang, M.-L., & Podlech, D. 2006. Revision of the genus Phyllolobium Fisch. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). Feddes Repert. 117: 41-64.

Zhang, M. [et al. 2009a], Kang, Y., Zhou, L., & Podlech, D. 2009a. Phylogenetic origin of Phyllolobium with a further implication for diversification of Astragalus in China. J Integr Plant Biol. 51: 889-899. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00856.x

Zhang, M. [et al. 2009b], Fritsch, P. W., & Cruz, B. C. 2009b. Phylogeny of Caragana (Fabaceae) based on DNA sequence data from rbcL, trnS-trnG, and ITS. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 50: 547-559.

Zhang, M. [et al. 2015], Xue, J., Zhang, Q., & Sanderson, S. C. 2015. Inferring ancestral distribution area and survival vegetation of Caragana (Fabaceae) in Tertiary. Plant Syst. Ecol. 301: 1831-1842.

Zhang, H.-R. [et al. 2020], Wei, R., Xiang, Q.-P., Zhang, X.-C. 2020. Plastome-based phylogenomics resolves the placement of the sanguinolenta group in the spikemoss of lycophyte (Selaginellaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 147:106788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106788.

Zhang, M.-H. [et al. 2022], Xiang, Q.-P., & Zhang, X.-C. 2022. Plastid phylogenomic analyses of the Selaginella sanguinolenta group (Selaginellaceae) reveal conflict signatures resulting from sequence types, outlier genes, and pervasive RNA editing. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 173:107507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107507

Zhang, M.-L. [et al. 2014], Sanderson, S. C., Sun, Y.-X., Byalt, V. V., & Hao, X.-L. 2014. Tertiary montane origin of the Central Asian flora, evidence inferred from cpDNA sequences of Atraphaxis (Polygonaceae). J. Integr. Plant Biol. 56: 1125-1135.

Zhang, M.-L. [et al. 2017], Zeng, X.-Q., Li, C., Sanderson, S. C., Byalt, V. V., & Lei, Y. 2017. Molecular phylogenetic analysis and character evolution in Pseudostellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and description of a new genus, Hartmaniella, in North America. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 184: 444-456.

Zhang, M.-Y. [et al. 2012], Lu, L., Li, D.-Z., & Wang, H. 2012. Evolution of pollen in the family Berberidaceae. Plant Divers. Resources 34: 1-12. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, M.-Y. [et al. 2017], Lu, L., Wortley, A. H., Wang, H., Li, D.-Z., & Blackmore, S. 2017. Evolution of angiosperm pollen: 4. Basal eudicots. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 102: 141-182.

Zhang, N. [et al. 2012], Zeng, L., Shan, H., & Ma, H. 2012. Highly conserved low-copy nuclear genes as effective markers for phylogenetic analyses in angiosperms. New Phytol. 195: 923-937.

Zhang, N. [et al. 2015a], Wen, J., & Zimmer, E. A. 2015a. Expression patterns of AP1 FUL, FT and LEAFY support the homology of tendrils and inflorescences throughout the grape family. J. Syst. Evol. 53: 469-476.

Zhang, N. [et al. 2015b], Wen, J., & Zimmer, E. A. 2015b. Congruent deep relationships in the grape family (Vitaceae) based on sequences of chloroplast genomes and mitochondrial genes via genome skimming. PLoS ONE 10:e0144701. doi: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0144701

Zhang, N. [et al. 2016], Wen, J., & Zimmer, E. A. 2016. Another look at the phylogenetic position of the grape order Vitales: Chloroplast phylogenomics with an expanded sampling of key lineages. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 101: 216-223.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2019], Fu, W.-L., Wang, X.-F., & Huang, L.-J. 2020 [= 2019]. Ingenious floral structure drives explosive pollination in Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae). Plant Biol. 22: 480-486. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.13085

Zhang, Q. [Qi] [et al. 2018], Huang, L.-J., & Wang, X.-F. 2018. The unusual gynoecium structure and extragynoecial pollen-tube pathway in Phytolacca (Phytolaccaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 304: 885-894.

Zhang, Q. [Qian] [et al. 2018], Onstein, R. E., Little, S. A., & Sauquet, H. 2019 [= 2018]. Estimating divergence times and ancestral breeding systems in Ficus and Moraceae. Ann. Bot. 123: 191-204.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2019], Gardner, E., Zerega, N., & Sauquet, H. 2019. Long distance dispersal shaped the diversity of tribe Dorstenieae (Moraceae). bioRΧiv doi: http://doi.org/10.1101/531855

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2021], Deng, M., Bouchenak-Khelladi, Y., Zhou, Z., Hu, G., & Xing, Y. 2021. The diversification of the northern temperate woody flora — a case study of the elm family (Ulmaceae) based on phylogenomic and paleobotanical evidence. J. Syst. Evol. 70: 628-646.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2022], Yang, J., Zhou, X., Ding, Y., Wang, Y., Zhu, X., Xu, F., Liu, J., Wang, Z., Zhang, J., & Xu, W. 2023 [= 2022]. Soilborne bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae promotes cluster root formation in white lupin through ethylene mediation. New Phytol. 237: 1320-1332. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18600

Zhang, Q. [Qiang] [et al. 2011], Antonelli, A., Feild, T. S., & Kong, H.-Z. 2011. Revisiting taxonomy, morphological evolution, and fossil calibration strategies in Chloranthaceae. J. Syst. Evol. 49: 315-329.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2017], Hao, Q., Guo, X., Liu, Q., Sun, Y., & Liu, Q. 2017. Anther and ovule development in Camellia japonica (Naidong) in relation to winter dormancy: Climatic evolution considerations. Flora 233: 127-139.

Zhang, Q. [Qiong] [et al. 2022], Zhaon, L., Folk, R. A., Zhao, J.-L., Zamora, N. A., Yang, S.-X., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Gao, L.-M., Peng, H., & Yu, X.-Q. 2022. Phylotranscriptomics of Theaceae: Generic-level relationships, reticulation and whole-genome duplication. Ann. Bot. 129: 457-471. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac007

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2023], Folk, R. A., Mo, Z.-Q., Ye, H., Zhang, Z.-Y., Peng, H., Zhao, J. L., Yang, S.-X., & Yu, X.-Q. 2023. Phylotranscriptomic analyses reveal deep gene tree discordance in Camellia (Theaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 188:107912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107912

Zhang, Q. [Qiuyue] [et al. 2021], Ree, R. H., Salamin, N., Xing, Y., & Silvestro, D. 2022 [= 2021]. Fossil-informed models reveal a boreotropical origin and divergent evolutionary trajectories in the walnut family (Juglandaceae). Syst. Biol. 71: 242-258. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syab030

Zhang, Q. [Quan], & Sodmergen. 2010. Why does biparental plastid inheritance revive in angiosperms? J. Plant Res. 123: 201-206.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2003], Lin, Y., & Sodmergen. 2003. Examination of the cytoplasmic DNA in male reproductive cells to determine the potential for cytoplasmic inheritance in 295 angiosperm species. Plant Cell. Physiol. 44: 941-951.

Zhang, Q. [et al. 2004], Sodmergen, Hu, Y.-S., & Lin, J.-X. 2004. Female cone development in Fokienia, Cupressus, Chamaecyparis and Juniperus (Cupressaceae). Acta Bot. Sinica 46: 1075-1082.

Zhang, Q.-Y. [et al. 2021], Deng, M., Bouchenak-Khelladi, Y., Zhou, Z.-K., Hu, G.-W., & Xing, Y.-W. 2021. The diversification of the northern temperate woody flora - A case study of the Elm family (Ulmaceae) based on phylogenomic and paleobotanical evidence. J. Syst. Evol. 60: 728-746. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12720

Zhang, R. [Rong] [et al. 2020], Wang, Y.-H., Jin, J.-J., Stull, G. W., Bruneau, A., Cardoso, D., de Queiroz, L. P., Moore, M. J., Zhang, S.-D., Chen, S.-Y., Wang, J., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2020. Exploration of plastid genome conflict yields new insights into the deep relationships of Leguminosae. Syst. Biol. 69: 613-622.

Zhang, R. [Rui] [et al. 2013], Guo C., Zhang W., Wang P., Li L., Duan X., Du Q., Zhao L., Shan H., Hodges S. A., Kramer E. M., Ren Y., & Kong, H. 2013. Disruption of the petal identity gene APETALA3-3 is highly correlated with loss of petals within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). Proc. National Acad. Sci. 110: 5074-5079.

Zhang, R. [et al. 2020], Fu, H., Zhao, C., Cheng, J., Liao, H., Wang, P., Yao, X., Duan, X., Yuan, Y., Xu, G., Kramer E. M., Shan, H., & Kong, H. 2020. Identification of the key regulatory genes involved in elaborate petal development and specialized character formation in Nigella dammascena (Ranunculaceae). Plant Cell 32: 3095-3112.

Zhang R. [Ruifei] [et al. 2020], Guo, Q., Kennelly, E. J., Long, C., & Chai, X. 2020. Diverse alkaloids and biological activities of Fumaria (Papaveraceae): An ethnomedicinal group. Fitoterapia 146:104697. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104697.

Zhang, R. [Ruiju] [et al. 2020], Zhou, C., Shi, D., He, Q., & Shang, H. 2020. Developmental characteristics of deuterogenic placenta in Adinandra latifolia (Pentaphylacaceae) based on SEM observation. Guihaia 40: 901-908. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, R.-J., & Schönenberger, J. 2014. Early floral development of Pentaphylacaceae (Ericales) and its sytematic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 300: 1547-1560.

Zhang, R.-J. [et al. 2007], Ma, H.-Y., & Wang, Y.-H. 2007. Early floral development of endangered Euryodendron excelsum (Ternstroemioideae: Theaceae). Acta Bot. Yunnanica 29: 648-654.

Zhang, R.-J. [et al. 2007], Ma, H.-Y., & Wang, Y.-H. 2008. Early floral development of Adinandra latifolia (Ternstroemioideae: Theaceae). Guihaia 28: 160-163. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, S. [Shibao] [et al. 2018], Yang, Y., Li, J., Qin, J., Zhang, W., Huang, W., & Hu, H. 2018. Physiological diversity of orchids. Plant Divers. 40: 196-208.

Zhang, S. [Shuang] [et al. 2015], Zhang, Y., & Ma, K. 2015 The equal effectiveness of different defensive strategies. Sci. Reports 5:13049. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13049

Zhang, S.-B. [et al. 2014], Sun, M., Cao, K.-F., Hu, H., & Zhang, J.-L. 2014. Leaf photosynthetic rate of tropical ferns is evolutionarily linked to water transport capacity. PLoS ONE 9(1):e84682. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084682

Zhang, S.-B. [et al. 2015], Dai, Y., Hao, G.-Y., Li, J.-W., Fu, X.-W., & Zhang, J.-L. 2015. Differentiation of water-related traits in terrestrial and epiphytic Cymbidium species. Front. Plant Sci. 6:260. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00260.

Zhang, S.-D. [et al. 2011], Soltis, D. E., Yang, Y., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T. S. 2011. Multi-gene analysis provides a well-supported phylogeny of Rosales. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 60: 21-28.

Zhang, S.-D. [et al. 2017], Jin, J.-J., Chen, S.-Y., Chase, M. W., Soltis, D. E., Li, H.-T., Yang, J.-B., Li, D.-Z., & Yi, T.-S. 2017. Diversification of Rosaceae since the Late Cretaceous based on plastid phylogenomics. New Phytol. 214: 1355-1367.

Zhang, S.-Q. [et al. 2018], Che, L.-H., Li, Y., Liang, D., Pang, H., Slipinski, A., & Zhang, P. 2018. Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species. Nature Communic. 9:205. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02644-4

Zhang, S.-Y. 1992. Systematic wood anatomy of the Rosaceae. Blumea 37: 81-158.

Zhang, T., & Elomaa, P. 2019. Don't be fooled: False flowers in Asteraceae. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 59:101972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2020.09.006

Zhang, T. [et al. 2021], Cieslak, M., Owens, A., Wang, F., Broholm, S. K., Teeri, T. H., Elomaa, P., & Prusinkiewicz, P. 2021. Phyllotactic patterning of gerbera flower heads. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 118:e2016304118

Zhang, W. [Wei] [et al. 2009], Hu, Y., Li, Z., Wang, P. & Xu, M. 2009. Foliar sclereids in tea and its wild allies, with reference to their taxonomy. Australian Syst. Bot. 22: 286-295.

Zhang, W. [et al. 2014], Kan, S.-l., Zhao, H., Li, Z.-y., & Wang, X.-q. 2014. Molecular phylogeny of tribe Theeae (Theaceae s.s.) and its implications for generic delimitation. PLoS ONE 9(5):e98133. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098133

Zhang, W. [Weiping], & Clark, L. G. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of the Bambusoideae (Poaceae). Pp. 35-42, in Jacobs, S. W. L., & Everett, J. (eds), Grasses: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Melbourne.

Zhang, W.-H. [Wen-Heng] [et al. 2001], Chen, Z.-D., Chen, H.-B., & Tang, Y.-C. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of the disputed genus Triplostegia based on trnL-F sequences. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 39: 337-344.

Zhang, W.-H. [et al. 2003], Chen, Z.-D., Li, J. H., Chen, H.-B., & Tang, Y.-C. 2003. Phylogeny of the Dipsacales s.l. based on chloroplast trnL-F and ndhF sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 26: 176-189.

Zhang, W.-H. [et al. 2008], Xiang, Q.-Y. (J.), Thomas, D. T., Wiegmann, B. M., Frohlich, M. W., & Soltis, D. E. 2008. Molecular evolution of PISTILLATA-like genes in the dogwood genus Cornus (Cornaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 47: 175-195.

Zhang, W. [et al. 2009a], Kramer, E. M., & Davis, C. C. III. 2009a. CYCLOIDEA2 and the origin and maintenance of floral zygomorphy in Malpighiaceae. P. 37, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Zhang, W. [et al. 2009b], Kramer, E. M., & Davis, C. C. III. 2009b. Exploring the developmental genetic basis on independent reversals in floral zygomorphy in Malpighiaceae. P. 231, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Zhang, W. [et al. 2010], Kramer, E. M., & Davis, C. C. III. 2010. Floral symmetry genes and the origin and maintenance of floral zygomorphy in a plant-pollinator mutualism. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 107: 6388-6393.

Zhang, W. [et al. 2013], Steinmann, V. W., Nikolov, L., Kramer, E. M., & Davis, C. C. III. 2013. Divergent genetic mechanisms underlie reversals to radial floral symmetry from diverse zygomorphic flowered ancestors. Front. Plant Sci. 4: 302. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00302

Zhang, W. [et al. 2014], Kan, S.-L., Zhao, H., Li, Z.-Y., & Wang, X.-Q. 2014. Molecular phylogeny of tribe Theeae (Theaceae s.s.) and its implications for generic delimitation. PLoS ONE 9:e98133

Zhang, W. [et al. 2016], Kramer, E. M., & Davis, C. C. 2016. Differential expression ofCYC2 genes and the elaboration of floral morphologies in Hiptage, an Old World genus of Malpighiaceae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 177: 531-558.

Zhang, W. G. [et al. 2021], Liu, Y.-G., Nie, T.-J., Guo, C.-C., Qiu, L.-H., Yang, G.-Y., Jabbour, F., & Wang, W. 2022 [= 2021]. Floral ontogeny of Delphinium anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae) and development of intrafloral and symmetrical resupinated organs. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 198: 86-98. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab041

Zhang, X. [Xiaohui], & Zhao, L. 2018. Morphology, structure and ultrastructure of staminal nectary in Lamprocapnos (Fumarioideae, Papaveraceae). Flora 242: 128-136.

Zhang, X. [Xin]. 2019. Ovule development in Cycads: Observation on anatomy and nucellus morphology in Zamia and Cycas. bioRΧiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/735837

Zhang, X. [et al. 2012], Zhang, Z., & Stützel, T. 2011 [= 2012]. Aril development in Celastraceae. Feddes Repert. 122: 445-455.

Zhang, X. [et al. 2014], Zhang, Z., & Stützel, T. 2014. Ontogeny of the ovule and seed wing in Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. (Celastraceae). Flora 209: 179-184.

Zhang, X. [et al. 2017], Liu, W., & Wang, X. 2017. How the ovules get enclosed in magnoliaceous carpels. PLoS ONE 12(4):e0174955. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174955

Zhang, X. [et al. 2019], Zhang, Z., & Zhao, Z. 2019. Floral ontogeny of Illicium lanceolatum (Schisandraceae) and its implications on carpel homology. Phytotaxa 416: 200-210.

Zhang, X. [Xiufu] [et al. 2004], Wilson, K. L., & Bruhl, J. J. 2004. Sympodial structure of spikelets in the tribe Schoeneae (Cyperaceae). American J. Bot. 91: 24-36.

Zhang, X. [et al. 2007], Bruhl, J. J., Wilson, K. L., & Marchant, A. 2007. Phylogeny of Carpha and related genera (Schoeneae, Cyperaceae) inferred from morphological and molecular data. Australian Syst. Bot. 20: 93-106.

Zhang, X. [Xu] [et al. 2019], Deng, T., Moore, M. J., Ji, Y., Lin, N., Zhang, H., Meng, A., Wang, H., Sun, Y., & Sun, H. 2019. Plastome phylogenomics of Saussurea (Asteraceae: Cardueae). BMC Plant Biol. 19:290. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1896-6

Zhang, X, [et al. 2021], Landis, J. B., Sun, Y., Zhang, H., Lin, N., Kuang, T., Huang, X., Deng, T., Wang, H., & Sun, H. 2021. Macroevolutionary pattern of Saussurea (Asteraceae) provides insights into the drivers of radiating diversification. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 288:20211575. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.157

Zhang, X. [Xuebin], & Liu, C.-J. 2015. Multifaceted regulations of gateway enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. Molec. Plant 8: 17-27.

Zhang, X.-C., & Nooteboom, H. P. 1998. A taxonomic revision of Plagiogyriaceae (Pteridophyta). Blumea 43: 401-469.

Zhang, X.-F. [et al. 2021], Landis, J. B., Wang, H.-X., Zhu, Z.-X., & Wang, H.-F. 2021. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome structure and molecular dating in Myrtales. BMC Plant Biol. 21:219. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02985-9

Zhang, X.-H., & Ren, Y. 2008. Floral morphology and development in Sargentodoxa (Lardizabalaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 1148-1158.

Zhang, X.-H., & Ren, Y. 2011. Comparative floral development in Lardizabalaceae (Ranunculales) Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 166: 171-184.

Zhang, X.-H. [et al. 2005], Tian, X.-H., & Pan, L.-Z. 2005. Anatomical studies on Sinofranchetia chinensis (Lardizabalaceae) and their systematic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 149: 271-281.

Zhang, X.-H. [et al. 2009], Ren, Y., & Tian, X.-H. 2009. Floral morphogenesis in Sinofranchetia (Lardizabalaceae) and its systematic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 160: 89-92.

Zhang, X.-H. [et al. 2012], Ren, Y., & Tian, X.-H. 2012. Microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis in Sinofranchetia (Lardizabalaceae). Flora 207: 197-202.

Zhang, X.-h. [et al. 2015], Ren, Y., Huang, Y.-l., Wen, L., Zhang, J.-s., & Li, H. 2015. Comparative studies on ovule development in Lardizabalaceae (Ranunculales). Flora 217: 41-56.

Zhang, X.-P., & Anderberg, A. A. 2002. Pollen morphology in the ericoid clade of the order Ericales, with special emphasis on Cyrillaceae. Grana 41: 201-215.

Zhang, X.-X. [et al. 2013], Zhang, H.-Y., Xu, W. B., & Yu, S.-X. 2013. Leaf epidermal characters and their taxonomic significance in Balsaminaceae, China. Guihaia 33: 528-537. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, X.-J. [et al. 2014], Rockwell, F. E., Wheeler, J. K., & Holbrook, N. M. 2014. Reversible deformation of transfusion tracheids in Taxus baccata is associated with a reversible decrease in leaf hydraulic conductance. Plant Physiol. 165: 1557-1565.

Zhang, X.-Z. [et al. 2015], Zeng, C.-X., Ma, P.-F., Haevermans, T., Zhang, Y.-X., Zhang, L.-N., Guo, Z. H., & Li, D.-Z. 2016 [= 2015]. Multi-locus plastid phylogenetic biogeography supports the Asian hypothesis of the temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 96: 118-129.

Zhang, Y. [Yanjun] [et al. 2014], Yang, L., Chen, J., Sun, W., & Wang, Y. 2014. Taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis of Epimedium L. based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms. Scientia Hortic. 170: 284-292.

Zhang, Y. [Yeling] [et al. 2013], Fernandez-Aparicios, M., Wafula, E. K., Das, M., Jiao, Y., Wickett, N. J., Honaas, L. A., Ralph, P. E., Wojciechowski, M. F., Timko, M. P., Yoder, J. I., Westwood, J. H., & dePamphilis, C. W. 2013. Evolution of a horizontally acquired legume gene, albumin 1, in the parasitic plant Phelipanche aegyptiaca and related species. BMC Evol. Biol. 13:48. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-48

Zhang, Y. [Yongzeng] [et al. 2020], Deng, T., Sun, L., Landis, J. B., Moore, M. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Hao, X., Chen, J., Li, S., Xu, M., Puno, P.-T., Raven, P. H. & Sun, H. 2020. Phylogenetic patterns suggest frequent multiple origins of secondary metabolites across the seed plant "tree of life". National Sci. Review https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa105

Zhang, Y. [Yu] [et al. 2015], Hong, Y., Ren, C., Tang, M., Hoot, S. B., & Yang, Q.-E. 2015. Palynology, cytology, and molecular systematics of Anemone section Begoniifolia (Ranunculaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 411-424.

Zhang, Y. [et al. 2021], Li, Y.-Y., Wang, M., Liu, J., Luo, F., Lee, Y.-I 2021. Seed dispersal in Neuwiedia singapureana: Novel evidence for avian endozoochory in the earliest diverging clade in Orchidaceae. Bot. Stud. 62:3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-020-00308-z

Zhang, Y. [et al. 2023], Gong, J.-Z., Gui, C.-X., Xie, S.-Y., Yang, Z.-P., Lu, M.-R., Ning, S.-X., Chang, Z.-Y., Kang, B., Zhao, L., & Ronse De Craene, L. 2023. Floral morphology and development of Epimedium pubescens and Plagiorhegma dubium (Berberidaceae) and their systematic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 203: 78-93.

Zhang, Y. [Yuzhou] [et al. 2019], Xiao, G., Wang, X., Zhang, X., & Friml, J. 2019. Evolution of fast root gravitropism in seed plants. Nature Communic. 10:3480. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11471-8

Zhang, Y., & Xue, Y. 2008. Molecular biology of S-Rnase-based self-incompatability. Pp. 193-215, in Franklin-Tong, V. E. (ed.), Self Incompatability in Flowering Plants: Evolution, Diversity, and Mechanisms. Springer, Berlin.

Zhang, Y.-B. [et al. 2023], Scalon, M. C., Liu, J.-X., Song, X.-Y., Yang, D., Zhang, Y.-J., Ellsworth, D. S., & Zhang, J.-L. 2023. You are what you eat: Nutrient and water relations between mistletoes and hosts. New Phytol. 238: 567-583. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18747

Zhang, Y.-J. [et al. 2011], Ma, P.-F., & Li, D.-Z. 2011. High-throughput sequencing of six bamboo chloroplast genomes: Phylogenetic implications for temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). PLoS ONE 6(5):e20596. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020596

Zhang, Y. M. [Miles] [et al. 2020], Buffington, M. L., Lonney, C., László, Z., Shorthouse, J. D., Ide, T., & Lucky, A. 2020. UCE data reveal multiple origins of rose gallers in North America: Global phylogeny of Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Molec. Phy. Evol. 153:106949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106949

Zhang, Y.-M. [Yan-Mei] [et al. 2016], Shai, Z.-Q., Wang, Q., Nag, Y.-Y., Xue, J.-Y., Wang, B., & Chen, J.-Q. 2016. Uncovering the dynamic evolution of nucleotide-binding site-eucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes in Brassicaceae. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 58: 165-177.

Zhang, Y.-M. [Yuanming] [et al. 2001], Pan, B.-R., & Yin, L.-K. 2001. Pollen morphology of the Tamaricaceae from China and its taxonomic significance. Acta Bot. Bor.-Occid. Sinica 21: 857-864.

Zhang, Y.-Q. et al. 2019], Zhou, Y., Hou, X.-Q., Huang, L., Kang, J.-Q., Zhang, J.-Q., & Ren, Y. 2019. Phylogeny of Fargesia (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and infrageneric adaptive divergence inferred from three cpDNA and nrITS sequence data. Plant Syst. Evol. 305: 61-75.

Zhang, Y.-X. [et al. 2012], Zeng, C.-X., & Li, D.-Z. 2012. Complex evolution in Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae): Incongruence between plastid and nuclear GBSSI gene phylogenies. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 63: 777-797.

Zhang, Y.-X. [et al. 2017], Ma, P.-F., Havermans, T., Vorontsova, M. S., Zhang, T., Nanjarisoa, O. P., & Li, D.-Z. 2017. In search of the phylogenetic affinity of the temperate woody bamboos from Madagascar, with description of a new speces (Bambusoideae, Poaceae). J. Syst. Evol. doi: 10.1111/se.12256

Zhang, Y.-X. [et al. 2020], Guo, C., & Li, D.-Z. 2020. A new subtribal classification of Arundinarieae (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) with the description of a new genus. Plant Divers. 42: 127-134.

Zhang, Z. [Zheng] [et al. 2020], Wang, X.-M., Liao, S., Zhang, J.-H., & Li, H.-Q. 2020. Phylogenetic reconstruction of Ficus subg. Synoecia and its allies (Moraceae), with implications on the origin of the climbing habit. Taxon 69: 927-945.

Zhang, Z. [Zhicheng] [et al. 2018], Coenen, H., Ruelens, P., Hazarika, R. R., Hindi, T. A., Oguis, G. K., Vandeperre, A., van Noort, V., & Geuten, K. 2018. Resurrected protein interaction networks reveal the innovation potential of ancient whole-genome duplication. Plant Cell 30: 2741-2760.

Zhang, Z. [Zhuoxin] [et al. 2015a], Chen, S., & Gornall, R. J. 2015a. Morphology and anatomy of the exine in Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae). Phytotaxa 212: 105-132.

Zhang, Z. [et al. 2015b], Xia, N., & Gornall, R. J. 2015b. Leaf venation patterns in the genus Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae). Phytotaxa 221: 123-136.

Zhang, Z.-G. [et al. 2012], Meng, A.-P., Li, J.-Q., Ye, Q.-G., Wang, H.-C., & Endress, P. K. 2012. Floral development of Phyllanthus checkiangensis with special reference to androecium and gynoecium. Plant Syst. Evol. 298: 1229-1238.

Zhang, Z.-H. [et al. 2009], Li, C.-Q., & Li, J. 2009. Phylogenetic placement of Cynomorium in Rosales inferred from sequences of the inverted repeat region of the chloroplast gene. J. Syst. Evol. 47: 297-304.

Zhang, Z.-S. [et al. 2018], Li, L.-L., & Chen, W.-L. 2018. Chroomosome number and karyotype of Phaenospermateae and Duthieeae (Poaceae), with reference to their systematic implications. Nordic J. Bot. 2018:e01918. doi: 10.1111/njb.01918

Zhang, Z.-S. [et al. 2021], Zeng, Q. Y., & Liu, Y. J. 2021. Frequent ploidy changes in Salicaceae indicates widespread sharing of the salicoid whole genome duplication by the relatives of Populus L. and Salix L.. BMC Plant Biol. 21(1):535. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03313-x

Zhang, Z. Y., & Chen, Z. D. 1992. Embryology of Carpinus turczaninowii (Betulaceae) and its systematic significance. Cathaya 5: 59-68.

Zhang, Z.-Y., & Lu, A.-M. 1989. On the systematic position of Daphniphyllaceae. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 27: 17-26.

Zhang, Z.-Y., & Wen, J. 1992. The seed morphology in Hamamelidaceae and its systematic evolution. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 34: 538-546, pl. 1-3. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, Z.-Y. [et al. 1990], Lu, A.-M., & Pan, K. Y. 1990. The anatomy, embryology and systematic relationships of Eucommiaceae. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 28: 430-441.

Zhang, Z. Y. [et al. 1994], Lu, A. M., & Wen. J. 1994. Embryology of Rhoiptelea chiliantha (Rhoipteleaceae) and its systematic relationship. Cathaya 6: 57-66.

Zhang, Z.-Y. [et al. 2002], Zhou, Z.-K., & Gu, Z. J. 2002. Karyomorphology of Heptacodium (Caprifoliaceae s. str.) and its phylogenetic implications. Taxon 51: 499-505.

Zhang, Z.-Y. [et al. 2009], Yang, D.-Z., Joongku, L., & Li, L.-Q. 2009. Supplemental study of the pollen morphology of the tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae) and its systematic significance. Guihaia 29: 285-295. [In Chinese.]

Zhang, Z. Z. [et al. 2024], Liu, G., & Li, M. 2024. Incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow within Allium (Amaryllidaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 195:10108054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108054

Zhao, B. [et al. 2010], Liu, L., Tan, D., & Wang, J. 2010. Analaysis of phylogenetic relationships of Brassicaceae species based on Chs sequences. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 38: 731-739.

Zhao, C. [et al. 2019], Wang, Y., Chan, K. X., Marchant, D. B., Franks, P. J., Randall, D., Tee, E. E., Chen, G., Ramesh, S., Phua, S. Y., Zhang, B., Hills, A., Dai, F., Xue, D., Gilliham, M., Tyerman, S., Nevo, E., Wu, F., Zhang, G., Wong, G. K.-S., Leebens-Mack, J. H., Melkonian, M., M. R., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., Pogson, B. J., & Chen, Z.-H. 2019. Evolution of chloroplast retrograde signaling facilitates green plant adaptation to land. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116: 5015-5020.

Zhao, C.-F. [et al. 2019], Wei, R., Zhang, X.-C., & Xiang, Q.-P. 2020 [= 2019]. Backbone phylogeny of Lepisorus (Polypodiaceae) and a novel infrageneric classification based on the total evidence from plastid and morpological data. Cladistics 36: 235-258. [Also - Zhao, C. F. [et al. 2020], Wei, R., & Zhang, X.-C. 2020. Corrigendum of Zhao et al. (2020): A revised infrageneric classification of Lepisorus (Polypodiaceae). Cladistics 36: 443-445.]

Zhao, D.-K. [et al. 2024], Mou, Z.-N., & Ruan, Y.-L. 2024. Orchids acquire fungal carbon for seed germination: pathways and players. Trends Plant Sci. 29: 733-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.02.001

Zhao, D.-N. [et al. 2021], Ren, C.-Q., & Zhang, J.-Q. 2021. Can plastid data resolve recent radiations? Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) as a case study. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 197: 513-526.

Zhao, D.-W. [et al. 2022], Trevor, R. H., & John, A. N. P. 2022. Phylogenetics of global Camellia (Theaceae) based on three nuclear regions and its implications for systematics and evolutionary history. J. Syst. Evol. 61: 356-368. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12837

Zhao, F. [et al. 2020], Li, B., Drew, B. T., Chen, Y. P., Wang, Q., Yu, W. B., Liu, E. D., Salmaki, Y., Peng, H., & Xiang, C. L. 2020. Leveraging plastomes for comparative analysis and phylogenomic inference within Scutellarioideae (Lamiaceae). PLoS ONE 15:e0232602. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232602

Zhao, F. [et al. 2021], Chen, Y.-P., Salmaki, Y., Drew, B. T., Wilson, T. C., Scheen, A.-C., Celep, F., Bräuchler, C., Bendiksby, M., Wang, Q., Min, D.-Z., Peng, H., Olmstead, R. G., Li, B., & Xiang, C.-L. 2021. An updated tribal phylogeny of Lamiaceae: Evidence from complete plastome sequences. BMC Biol. 19: 1–27.

Zhao, F. [et al. 2022], Liu, B., Liu, S., Min, D.-Z., Zhang, T., Cai, J., Zhou, X.-X., Chen, B., Olmstead, R. G., Xiang, C.-L., & Li, B. 2023 [= 2022]. Disentangling a 40-year-old taxonomic puzzle: The phylogenetic position of Mimulicalyx (Lamiales). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 201: 135-153. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boac033

Zhao, H. [et al. 2022], Liao, H., Li, S., Zhang, R., Dai, J., Ma, P., Wang, T., Wang, M., Yuan, Y., Fu, X., Cheng, J., Duan, X., Xie, Y., Zhang, P., Kong, H., & Shan, H. 2023 [ = 2022]. Delphinieae flowers originated from the rewiring of interactions between duplicated and diversified floral organ identity and symmetry genes. Plant Cell 35: 994-1012. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac368

Zhao, J. [et al. 2023], Li, Y., Wang, X., Li, M., Yu, W., Chen, J., & Zhang, L. 2023. Parasite—host network analysis provides insights into the evolution of two mistletoe lineages (Loranthaceae and Santalaceae). Plant Divers. 45: 702-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.008.

Zhao, L. [Lei] [et al. 2022], Yang, Y. Y., Qu, X.-J., Ma, H., Hu, Y., Li, H.-T., Yi, T.-S., & Li, D.-Z. 2023 [= 2022]. Phylotranscriptomic analyses reveal multiple whole-genome duplication events, the history of diversification and adaptations in the Araceae. Ann. Bot. 131: 199-214. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac062

Zhao, L. [Liang] [et al. 2011], Liu, P., Che, X.-F., Wang, W., & Ren, Y. 2011. Floral organogenesis of Helleborus thibetanus and Nigella damascena (Ranunculaceae) and its systematic significance. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 166: 431-443.

Zhao, L. [et al. 2012], Bachelier, J. B., Chang, H.-L., Tian, X.-H., & Ren, Y. 2012. Inflorescence and floral development in Ranunculus and three allied genera in Ranunculeae (Ranunculoideae, Ranunculaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 298: 1057-1071.

Zhao, L.-C., & Li, D. Y. 2008. Anatomically preserved seeds of Corylopsis (Hamamelidaceae) from the Miocene of Yunnan, China, and their phytogeographic implications. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 483-494.

Zhao, H.-B. [et al. 2010], Chen, F.-D., Chen, S.-M., Wu, G.-S., & Guo, W.-M. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Chrysanthemum, Ajania and its allies (Anthemidae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trnL-F IGS sequences. Plant Syst. Evol. 284: 153-169.

Zhao, L. [Lei] [et al. 2016], Li, X., Zhang, N., Zhang, S.-D., Yi, T.-S., Ma, H., Guo, Z.-H., & Li, D.-Z. 2016. Phylogenomic analyses of large-scale nuclear genes provide new insights into the evolutionary relationships within the rosids. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 105: 166-176.

Zhao, L. [Liang] [et al. 2014], Bachelier, J. B., Zhang, X.-H., Luo, M.-R., Chang, Z.-Y., & Ren, Y. 2014. Floral organogenesis in Dysosma versipellis and its implications for the systematics and the evolution of petals in Berberidaceae. Pp. 68-69, in Botany 2014. New Frontiers in Botany. Abstract Book.

Zhao, L. [et al. 2016a], Gong, J.-z., Zhang, X.-h., Liu, Y.-q., Ma, X., & Ren, Y. 2016a. Floral organogenesis in in Urophysa rockii, a rediscovered, endangered and rare species of Ranunculaceae. Botany 94: 215-224.

Zhao, L. [et al. 2016b], Bachelier, J. B., Zhang, X.-h., & Ren, Y. 2016b. Floral organogenesis in Dysosma versipellis (Berberidaceae) and its systematic implications. Botany 94: 359-368.

Zhao, L. [et al. 2016c], Jiang, X.-W., Zuo, Y.-j., Liu, X.-L., Chin, S.-W., Haberle, R., Potter, D., Chang, Z.-Y., & Wen, J. 2016. Multiple events of allopolyploidy in the evolution of the racemose lineages in Prunus (Rosaceae) based on integrated evidence from nuclear and plastid ata. PLoS ONE 11(6):e0157123. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157123

Zhao, L. [et al. 2018], Potter, D., Xu, Y., Liu, P.-L., Johnson, G., Chang, Z.-Y., & Wen, J. 2018. Phylogeny and spatio-temporal diversification of Prunus subgenus Laurocerasus section Mesopygeum (Rosaceae) in the Malesian region. J. Syst. Evol. 56: 637-651.

Zhao, L.-C. [Liang-Cheng], & Li, D.-Y. 2008. Anatomically preserved seeds of Corylopsis (Hamamelidaceae) from the Miocene of Yunnan, China, and their phytogeographic implications. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 169: 483-494.

Zhao, M.-H. [et al. 2020], Li, X., Zhang, X.-X., Zhang, H., & Zhao, X.-Y. 2020. Mutation mechanism of leaf color in plants: A review. Forests 11(8):851. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11080851

Zhao, P. [et al. 2016], Begcy, K., Dresselhaus, T., & Sun, M.-X. 2017 [= 2016]. Does early embryogenesis in eudicots and monocots involve the same mechanism and molecular players? Plant Physiol. 173: 130-142.

Zhao, Q.-R. [et al. 2018], Zhou, J., Peng, H., & Liu, Z.-W. 2019 [= 2018]. Resurrection of the East Asian genus Eremotropa (Monotropoideae, Ericaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 75-80.

Zhao, T. [Tao], & Schranz, M. E. 2019. Network-based microsynteny analysis identifies major differences and genomic outliers in mammalian and angiosperm genomes. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 116: 2165-2174.

Zhao, T. [et al. 2020], Xue, J., Kao, S.-m., Li, Z., Zwaenepoel, A., Schranz, M. E., & van de Peer, Y. 2020. Novel phylogeny of angiosperms inferred from whole-genome microsynteny analysis. bioRΧiv https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.15.908376v1

Zhao, T. [et al. 2021], Zwaenepoel, A., Xue, J.-Y., Kao, S.-M., Li, Z., Schranz, M. E., & van de Peer, Y. 2021. Whole-genome microsynteny-based phylogeny of angiosperms. Nature Communic. 12:3498. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23665-0

Zhao, T. [Tiantian] [et al. 2019], Wang, G., Ma, Q., Liang, L., & Yang, Z. 2019. Multilocus data reveal deep phylogenetic relationships and intercontinental biogeography of the Eurasian-North American genus Corylus (Betulaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 142:106658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106658

Zhao, X., & Cai, X. 2020. Latex proteins and enzymes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis of selected Euphorbia species: E. kansui Liou and E. helioscopia L.. Adv. Bot. Research 93: 153-200.

Zhao, X. [Xianhai] [et al. 2024], Zhao, Y., Zeng, Q.-Y., & Liu, C.-J. 2024. Cytochrome b5 diversity in green lineages preceded the evolution of syringyl lignin biosynthesis. Plant Cell 36: 2709-2728. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koae120

Zhao, Y. [Yafei] [et al. 2016], Zhang, T., Broholm, S. K., Tähtiharju, S., Mouhu, K., Albert, V. A., Teeri, T. H., & Elomaa, P. 2016. Evolutionary co-option of floral meristem identity genes for patterning of the flower-like Asteraceae inflorescence. Plant Physiol. 172: 284-296.

Zhao, Y. [Yiyong] [et al. 2021], Zhang, R., Jiang, K. W., Qi, J., Hu, Y., Guo, J., Zhu, R., Zhang, T., Egan, A. N., Yi, T. S., Huang, C. H., & Ma, H. 2021. Nuclear phylotranscriptomics and phylogenomics support numerous polyploidization events and hypotheses for the evolution of rhizobial nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in Fabaceae. Molec. Plant 14: 748-773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2021.02.006

Zhao, Y. [Yue] [et al. 2023], Zhao, F., Salmaki, Y., Paton, A., Cai, J., Drew, B. T., Mahmoudi, C., Efimov, P., Turgiov, O. T., Liang, C.-Z., Chen, Y.-P.,& Xiang. C.-L. 2023. Home at last: Molecular phylogenetic analyses support subsuming Metastachydium within Phlomoides (Lamiaceae). Taxon 72: 590-606.

Zhao, Y.-P. [et al. 2019], Fan, G., Yin, P.-P., Sun, S., Li, N., Hong, X., Hu, G., Zhang, H., Zhang, F.-M., Han, J.-D., Hao, Y.-J., Xu, Q., Yang, X., Xia, W., Chen, W., Lin, H.-Y., Zhang, R., Chen, J., Zheng, X.-M., Lee, S. M.-Y., Lee, J., Uehara, K., Wang, J., Yang, H., Fu, C.-X., Liu, X., Xu, X., & Ge, S. 2019. Resequencing 545 ginkgo genomes across the world reveals the evolutionary history of the living fossil. Nature Communic. 10:4201. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12133-5

Zhao, Z. [Zaiming] [et al. 2006], Skvarla, J. J., & Jansen, R. K. 2006. Mutisieae (Asteraceae) pollen ultrastructure atlas. Lundellia 9: 51-76.

Zhao, Z. [Zhenyu] [et al. 2018], Wang, X., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Jiang, D., Zhang, Y., Zhang, T., Zhong, W., Yuan, Q., & Huang, L. 2018. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Dioscorea: Characterization, genomic resources, and phylogenetic analyses. PeerJ 6:e6032. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6032

Zhao, Z. [Zhixin] [et al. 2008], Zhang, W., Stanley, B. A., & Assmann, S. M. 2008. Functional proteomics of Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells uncovers new stomatal signaling pathways. Plant Cell 20: 3210-3226.

Zhao, Z. [Zhongtao] [et al. 2018], Hu, J., Chen, S., Luo, Z., Luo, D., Wen, J., Tu, T., & Zhang, D. 2019 [= 2018], Evolution of CYCLOIDEA-like genes in Fabales: Insights into duplication patterns and control of floral symmetry. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 132: 81-89.

Zhen, Y. [et al. 2012], Aardema, M. L., Medina, E. M., Schumer, M., & Andolfatto, P. 2012. Parallel molecular evolution in an herbivore community. Science 337: 1634-1637.

Zheng, C. [et al. 2013], Chen, E., Albert, V. A., Lyons, E., & Sankoff, D. 2013. Ancient eudicot hexaploidy meets ancestral eurosid gene order. BMC Genomics 14(Suppl. 7):S3. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/14/S7/S3

Zheng, C. [et al. 2015], Munoz, D. S., Albert, V. A., & Sankoff, D. 2015. Syntenic block overlap multiplicities with a panel of reference genomes provide a signature of ancient polyploidization events. BMC Genomics 16:S8.

Zheng, D. [et al. 2018], Chang, S.-C., Perrichot, V., Dutta, S., Rudra, A., Mu, L., Kelly, R. S., Li, S., Zhang, Q., Wong, J., Wang, J., Wang, H., Fang, Y., Zhang, H., & Wang, B. 2018. A Late Cretaceous amber biota from central Myanmar. Nature Commun.9:3170. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05650-2

Zheng, H.-C. [et al. 2004], Lu, A.-M., & Hu, Z.-H. 2004. Floral organogenesis in Phytolacca (Phytolaccaceae). Acta Phytotax. Sinica 42: 352-364. [In Chinese.]

Zheng, H.-C. [et al. 2010], Ma, S.-W., & Chai, T.-Y. 2010. Ovular development and perisperm formation in Phytolacca americana (Phytolaccaceae) and their systematic significance in Caryophyllales. J. Syst. Evol. 48: 318-325.

Zheng, H. C. [et al. 2015], Lu, A. M., & Hu, Z. H. 2015. Floral organogenesis and ring meristem in Phytolacca. American J. Plant Sci. 6: 445-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.63050

Zheng, H. C. [et al. 2018], Tuo, X. H., Ma, C. L., Wang, F.-F., Zhang, Y. K., & Guo, Q. H. 2018. Observation on flower organs initiation process of 2 species of Phytolacca. Acta Bot. Bor.-Occid. Sinica 38: 858-866.

Zheng, Q. A., & Yang, C. R. 2001. Chemotaxonomic study on the family of Lardizabalaceae. Chinese Bull. Bot. 18: 221-339. [In Chinese.]

Zhengqiu, C. [et al. 2006], Peñaflor, C., Leebens-Mack, J., Kuehl, J. V., Carlson, J., Depamphilis, C. W., Boore, J., & Jansen, R. K. 2006. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Drimys, Liriodendron, and Piper: Implications for the phylogeny of magnoliids and the evolution of GC content. P. 304, in Botany 2006. Looking to the Future - Conserving the Past. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Zherikin, V. V., & Eskov, K. Y. 1999. Mesozoic and lower Tertiary resins in former USSR. Estud. Mus. Cienc. Natur. Alava 14: 119-131.

Zhigila, D. A., & Muasya, A. M. 2023. Molecular phylogenetics, biogeography and character evolution in Sesamum (Pedaliaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 201: 445-470.

Zhigila, D. A. [et al. 2020], Verboom, G. A., & Muasya, A. M. 2020. An infrageneric classification of Thesium (Santalaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic data. Taxon 69: 100-123.

Zhinkina, N. A., & Evdokimova, E. E. 2023. Development of male reproductive structures in Campanula alliariifolia (Campanulaceae). Bot. Zhurn.108: 992-1000. [In Russian.]

Zhong, B., & Betancur-R, R. 2017. Expanded taxonomic sampling coupled with gene genealogy interrogation provides unambiguous resolution for the evolutionary root of angiosperms. Genome Biol. Evol. 9: 3154-3161.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2010], Yonezawa, T., Zhong, Y., & Hasegawa, M. 2010. The position of Gnetales among seed plants: Overcoming pitfalls of chloroplast phylogenomics. Molec. Biol. Evol. 27: 2855-2863.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2011], Deusch, O., Goremykin, V. V., Penny, D., Biggs, P. J., Atherton, R. A., Nikiforova, S. V., & Lockhart, P. J. 2011. Systematic error in seed plant phylogenomics. Genome Biol. Evol. 3: 1340-1348.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2013a], Liu, L., Yan, Z., & Penny, D. 2013a. Origin of land plants using the multispecies coalescent model. Trends Plant Sci. 18: 492-495.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2013b], Xi, Z., Goremykin, V. V., Fong, R., McLenachan, P. A., Novis, P. M., Davis, C. C., & Penny, D. 2014 [= 2013b]. Streptophyte algae and the origin of land plants revisited using heterogeneous models with three new algal chloroplast genomes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 31: 177-183.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2014a], Liu, L., & Penny, D. 2014a. The multispecies coalescent method and land plant origins: A reply to Springer and Gatesy. Trends Plant Sci. 19: 270-272.

Zhong, B. [et al. 2014b], Fong, R., Collins, L. J., McLenachan, P. A., & Penny, D. 2014b. Two new fern chloroplasts and decelerated evolution linked to the long generation time in seed ferns. Genome Biol. Evol. 6: 1166-1173.

Zhong, J., & Kellogg, E. A. 2015 [= 2014]. Duplication and expression of CYC2-like genes in the origin and maintenance of corolla zygomorphy in Lamiales. New Phytol. 205: 852-868. doi: 10.1111/nph.13104

Zhong, J., & Kellogg, E. A. 2015. Stepwise evolution of corolla symmetry in CYCLOIDEA2-like and RADIALIS-like gene expression pattern in Lamiales. American J. Bot. 102: 1260-1267.

Zhong, J., & Preston, J. C. 2015. Bridging the gaps: Evolution and development of perianth fusion. New Phytol. 208: 330-335.

Zhong, J. [et al. 2017], Preston, J. C., Hileman, L. C., & Kellogg, E. A. 2017. Repeated and diverse losses of corolla bilateral symmetry in the Lamiaceae. Ann. Bot. 119: 1211-1223.

Zhong, J. [et al. 2017], McKeown, M., Poire, A., & Preston, J. C. 2017. Successive evolutionary steps drove the transition of Pooideae grasses from the tropics to the northern temperate zone. New Phytol. 224: 1290-1303. doi: 10.1111/nph.14868

Zhong, L. [et al. 2000], Wang, X.-Q., Chen, Z.-D., Lin, Q., & Lu, A.-M. 2000. The phylogeny of Schisandraceae inferred from sequence analysis of the nrDNA ITS region. Acta Bot. Sinica 42: 758-761. [In Chinese.]

Zhong, R. [et al. 2019], Cui, D., & Ye, Z.-H. 2019. Evolutionary origin of O-acetyl transferases responsible for glucomannan acetylation in land plants. New Phytol. 224: 466-479.

Zhong, Y. [et al. 2021], Chu, C., Myers, J. A., Gilbert, G. S., Lutz, J. A., Stillhard, J., Zhu, K., Thompson, J., Baltzer, J. L., He, F., LaManna, J. A., Davies, S. J., Aderson-Teixeira, K. J., Burslem, D. F. R. P., Alonso, A., Chao, K. J., Wang, X., Gao, L., Orwig, D. A., Yin, X., Sui, X., Su, Z., Abiem, I., Bissiengou, P., Bourgt, N., Butt, N., Cao, M., Chang-Yang, C. H., Chao, W. C., Chapman, H., Chen, Y. Y., Coomes, D. A., Cordell, S., de Oliveira, A. A., Du, H., Fang, S., Giardina, C. P., Hao, Z., Hector, A., Hubbell, S. P., Janík, D., Jansen, P. A., Jiang, M., Jin, G., Kenfack, D., Král, K., Larson, A. J., Li, B., Li, X., Li, Y., Lian, J., Lin, L., Liu, F., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Luan, F., Luo, Y., Ma, K., Malhi, Y., McMahon, S. M., McShea, W., Memiaghe, H., Mi, X., Morecroft, M., Novotny, V., O'Brien, M. J., Ouden, J. D., Parker, G. G., Qiao, X., Ren, H., Reynolds, G., Samonil, P., Sang, W., Shen, G., Shen, Z., Song, G. M., Sun, I. F., Tang, H., Tian, S., Uowolo, A. L., Uriarte, M., Wang, B., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Weiblen, G. D., Wu, Z., Xi, N., Xiang, W., Xu, H., Xu, K., Ye, W., Yu, M., Zeng, F., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhu, L., & Zimmerman, J. K. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide. Nature Communic. 12:3137. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23236-3

Zhou, B. [et al. 2018], Tu, T., Kong, F., Wen, J., & Xu, X. 2018. Revised phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan aquatic plant genus Typha (Typhaceae). Sci. Reports 8:6613. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27279-3

Zhou, B.-F. [et al. 2022], Yuan, S., Crowl, A. A., Liang, Y.-Y., Shi, Y., Chen, X.-Y., An, Q.-Q., Kang, M., Manos, P. S., & Wang, B. 2022. Phylogenomic analyses highlight innovation and introgression in the continental radiations of Fagaceae across the Northern Hemisphere. Nature Communic. 13:1320. https://doi.org/10.1038/st41467-022-28917-1

Zhou, C. [Cheng] [et al. 2012], Li, X., Li, H., & Li, R. 2012. Chemical constituents from the leaves of Craibiodendron yunnanense. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 45: 179-182.

Zhou, C. [Chuanen] [et al. 2014], Han, L., Li, G., Chai, M., Fu, C-X., Cheng, X., Wen, J., Tang, Y., & Wang, Z.-Y. 2014. STM/BP-like KNOXI is uncoupled from ARP in the regulation of compound leaf development in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell 26: 1464-1479.

Zhou, H. [et al. 2021], Hu, Y., Ebrahimi, A., Liu, P., Woeste, K., Zhao, P., & Zhang, S. 2021. Whole genome based insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the Juglandaceae. BMC Ecol. Evol. 21:191. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-021-01917-3

Zhou, J. [Jiayu] [et al. 2024], Stringlis, I. A., Wen, J., Liu, Y., Xu, S., & Wang, R. 2024. Interplay between Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, the bacteriome and phytopathogens in Lycoris radiata. New Phytol. 241: 2258-2274. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19479

Zhou, J. [Jing] [et al. 2008], Peng, H., Downie, S. R., Liu, Z.-W., & Gong, X. 2008. A molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Taxon 57: 402-416.

Zhou, J. [et al. 2009], Gong, X., Downie, S. R., & Peng, H. 2009. Towards a more robust molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: Additional evidence from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA intron (rpl16 and rps16) sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 53: 56-68.

Zhou, J. [et al. 2020], Gao, Y.-z., Wen, J., Liu, Z.-W., & Downie, S. R. 2020. Molecular phylogenetics of Ligusticum (Apiaceae) based on NRDNA ITS sequences: Rampant polyphyly, placement of the Chinese endemic species, and a much-reduced circumscription of the genus. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 181: 306-323.

Zhou, J. [Jizhong] [et al. 2016], Deng, Y., Shen, L., Wen, C., Yan, Q., Ning, D., Qin, Y., Wu, L., He, Z., Voordeckers, J. W., van Nostrand, J. D., Buzzard, V., Michaletz, S. T., Enquist, B. J., Weiser, M. D., Kaspari, M., Waide, R., Yang, Y., & Brown, J. H. 2016. Temperature mediates continental-scale diversity of microbes in forest soils. Nature Communic. 7:12083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12083

Zhou, L. [Lianyu] [et al. 2021], Li, C., White, J. F., & Johnson, R. D. 2021. Synergism between calcium nitrate applications and fungal endophytes to increase sugar concentration in Festuca sinensis under cold stress. Perr J. 9:e10568. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10568

Zhou, L. [Linlin] [et al. 2009a], Su, Y. C. F., & Saunders, R. 2009a. Molecular phylogenetic support for a broader delimitation of Uvaria (Annonaceae) inclusive of Anomianthus, Cyathostemma, Ellipeia, Ellipeiopsis and Rauwenhoffia. P. 163, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Zhou, L. [et al. 2009b], Su, Y. C. F., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2009b. Molecular phylogenetic support for a broader delimitation of Uvaria (Annonaceae), inclusive of Anomianthus, Cyathostemma, Ellipeia, Ellipeiopsis and Rauwenhoffia. Syst. Biodivers. 7: 249-258.

Zhou, L. [et al. 2010], Su, Y. C. F., Chalermglin, P., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2010. Molecular phylogenetics of Uvaria (Annonaceae): Relationships with Balonga, Dasoclema and Australian species of Melodorum. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 163: 33-43.

Zhou, L. [et al. 2012], Su, Y. C. F., Thomas, D. C., & Saunders, R. M. K. 2012. 'Out-of-Africa' dispersal of tropical floras during the Miocene climatic optimum: Evidence from Uvaria (Annonaceae). J. Biogeog. 39: 322-335.

Zhou, M.-Y. [et al. 2017], Zhang, Y.-X., Haevermans, T., & Li, D.-Z. 2017. Towards a complete generic-level plastid phylogeny of the paleotropical woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Taxon 66: 539-553.

Zhou, H.-Y. [et al. 2022], Liu, J.-X., Ma, P.-F., Yang, J.-B., & Li, D.-Z. 2022. Plastid phylogenomics shed light on intergeneric relationships and spatiotemporal evolutionary history of Melocanninae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). J. Syst. Evol. 60: 640-652.

Zhou, P. [et al. 2023], Li, J.-H., Liu, Y.-Z.,i Zhu, Z.-W., Luo, Y., &Xiang, X.-G. 2023. Species richness disparity in tropical terrestrial herbaceous floras: Evolutionary insight from Collabieae (Orchidaceae).

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2018], Lin, C.-W., Dai, J.-H., Zhou, R.-C., & Liu Y. 2019 [= 2018]. Exploring the generic delimitation of Phyllagathis and Bredia (Melastomataceae): A combined nuclear and chloroplast DNA analysis. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 256-267.

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2019a], Dai, J.-H., Lin, C.-W., Denda, T., Zhou, R.-C., & Liu Y. 2019a. Recircumscription of Bredia and resurrection of Tashiroea (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) with the description of a new species, T. villosa. PhytoKeys 127: 121-150.

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2019b], Lin, C.-W., Dai, J.-H., Zhou, R.-C., & Liu Y. 2019b. Exploring the generic delimitation of Phyllagathis and Bredia (Melastomataceae): A combined nuclear and chloroplast DNA analkysis. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 256-267.

Zhou, Q. [et al. 2019c], Lin, C.-W., Ng, W. L., Dai, J., Denda, T., Zhou, R., & Liu, Y. 2019c. Analyses of plastome sequences improve phylogenetic resolution and provide new insight Into the evolutionary history of Asian Sonerileae/Dissochaeteae. Front. Plant Sci. 10:1477. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01477

Zhou, Q.-M. [et al. 2014], Jensen, S. R., Liu, G.-L., Wang, S., & Li, H.-Q. 2014. Familial placement of Wightia (Lamiales). Plant Syst. Evol. 300: 2009-2017.

Zhou, Q. Y., & Liu, G. S. 2012. The embryology of Xanthoceras and its phylogenetic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 298: 457-468.

Zhou, Q. [Quingyuan], & Fu, D. 2008. Reproductive morphology of Nuphar (Nymphaeaceae), a member of basal angiosperms. Plant Syst. Evol. 272: 79-96.

Zhou, Q. [et al. 2002], Wang, Y., & Jin, X. 2002. Ontogeny of floral organs and morphology of floral apex in Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae). Australian J. Bot. 50: 633-644.

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2019a], Lin, C. W., Dai, J.-H., Zhou, R.-V., & Lou, Y, 2019a. Expoloring the generic delimitation of Phyllagathis and Bredia (Melastomataceae): A combined nuclear and chloroplast DNA analysis. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 256-267..

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2019b], Lin, C. W., Ng, W.L., Dai, J.-H., Denda, T., Zhou, R.-V., & Lou, Y, 2019b. Analyses of plastome sequences improve phylogenetic resolution and provide new insight into the evolutionary history of Asian Sonerileae/Dissochaeteae. Front. Plant Sci. 10:1477. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01477

Zhou, Q.-J. [et al. 2022], Dai, J.-H., Lin, C.-W., Ng, W. L., Do, T. V., Sae Wai, J., Michelangeli, F. Reginato, M., Zhou, R., & Liu, Y. 2022. Out of chaos: Phylogenomics of Asian Sonerileae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 175:107581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107581

Zhou, S. [et al. 2006], Renner, S. S., & Wen, J. 2006. Molecular phylogeny and intra- and intercontinental biogeography of Calycanthaceae. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 39: 1-15.

Zhou, T. [Taiyan] [et al. 2001], Lu, L., Yang, G., & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2001. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae0. Pp. , in Wu Z.-y., & Raven, P. H. (eds), Flora of China. Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae. Vol. 8. Science Press, Beijing.

Zhou, T. [Ting], & Jin, X. 2018. Molecular systematics and evolution of mycoheterotrophy of tribe Neottieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae). PhytoKeys 94: 39-49.

Zhou, T. [et al. 2022], Bai, G., Hu, Y., Ruhsam, M., Yang, Y., & Zhao, Y. 2022. De novo genome assembly of the medicinal plant Gentiana macrophylla provides insights into the genomic evolution and biosynthesis of iridoids. DNA Res. 29(6):dsac034. https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsac034

Zhou, W. [et al. 2020], Xiang, Q. Y. (J.), Wen, J. 2020. Phylogenomics, biogeography, and evolution of morphology and ecological niche of the eastern Asian–eastern North American Nyssa (Nyssaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 58: 571–603.

Zhou, W. [et al. 2022], Soghigian, J., & Xiang, Q.-Y. (J.). 2022. A new pipeline for removing paralogs in target enrichment data. Syst. Biol. 71: 410-425.

Zhou, X. [et al. 2020], Wang, A, Hobbie, E. A., Zhu, F., Cu, Y., Dai, L., Li, D., Liu, X., Zhu, W., Koba, K., Li, Y., & Fang, Y. 2021 [= 2020]. Mature conifers assimilate nitrate as efficiently as ammonium from soils in four forest plantations. New Phytol. 229: 3184-3194.

Zhou, X. M. 2001. Alpine Kobresia Meadows in China. Science Press, Beijing. [In Chinese, not seen.]

Zhou, X.-M. [Xin-Mao], & Zhang, L.-B. 2015. A classification of Selaginella (Selaginellaceae) based on molecular (chloroplast and nuclear), macromorphological, and spore features. Taxon 64: 1117-1140.

Zhou, X.-M., & Zhang, L.-B. 2017. Nuclear and plastid phylogenies suggest ancient intersubgeneric hybridization in the fern genus Pyrrosia (Polypodiaceae), with a classification of Pyrrosia based on molecular and non-molecular evidence. Taxon 66: 1065-1084.

Zhou, X.-M., & Zhang, L.-B. 2023. Phylogeny, character evolution, and classification of Selaginellaceae (lycophytes). Plant Divers. 45: 630-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.07.003

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2015a], Rothfels, C. J., Zhang, L., He, Z.-R., Le Péchon, T., He, H., Lu, N. T., Knapp, R., Lorence, D., He, X.-J., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2016 [= 2015a]. A large-scale phylogeny of the lycophyte genus Selaginella (Selaginellaceae: Lycopodiopsida) based on plastid and nuclear loci. Cladistics 32: 360-389. doi: 10.1111/cla.12136

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2015b], Jiang, L.-J., Zhang, L., Gao, X.-F., He, Z.-R., & Zhang, L.-B. 2015b. Spore morphology of Selaginella (Selaginellaceae) from China and its systematic significance. Phytotaxa 237: 1-67.

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2018], Zhang, L., Lu, N. T., Gao, X.-F., & Zhang, L.-B. 2018. Pteridryaceae: A new fern family of Polypodiineae (Polypodiales) including taxonomic treatments. J. Syst. Evol. 56: 148-173.

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2022], Zhao, J., Yang, J.-J., Le Péchon, T., Zhang, L., He, Z.-R., & Zhang, L.-B. 2022. Plastome structure, evolution, and phylogeny of Selaginella. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 169:107410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107410

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2023], Yang, J.-J., Liang, Z.-L., Pollawatn, R., Knapp, R., Parris, B., Sundue, M., Ranker, T. A., Zhou, L., Lu, N. T., Luong, T. T., Wan, X., He, Z.-R., Zhao, J., Zhang, L., & Zhang, L.-B. 2023. A global phylogeny of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae) and its systematic implications. Taxon 72: 974-1018.

Zhou, X.-R. [et al. 2008], Wang, Y.-Z., Smith, J. F., & Chen, R. 2008. Altered expression patterns of TCP and MYB genes relating to the floral developmental transition from initial zygomorphy to actinomorphy in Bournea (Gesneriaceae). New Phytol. 178: 532-543.

Zhou, Y. [Yin] , & Jiang, X.-M. 1992. Characteristics of wood structure in gymnosperms and their systematic significance. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 30: 405-414. [In Chinese.]

Zhou, Y. [Yun] [et al. 2020], Li, W.-W., Zhang, Y.-Q., Xing, X.-C., Zhang, Y.-Q., & Ren, Y. 2020. Extensive reticulate evolution within Fargesia (s.l.) (Bambusoideae: Poaceae) and its allies: Evidence from multiple nuclear markers. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 149:106842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106842

Zhou, Z. [Zhiyan]. 1997. Mesozoic ginkgoalean megafossils: A systematic review. Pp. 183-206, in Hori, T., Ridge, R. W., Tulecke, W., Del Tredici, P., Trémouillaux-Guiller, J., & Tobe, H. (eds), Ginkgo biloba, a Global Treasure. Springer, Tokyo.

Zhou, Z., & Zhang, S. 2003. The missing link in Ginkgo evolution. Nature 423: 821-822.

Zhou, Z. [Zhonghe]. 2014. The Jehol Biota, an Early Cretaceous terrestrial Lagerstätte: New Discoveries and implications. National Sci. Review 1: 543-559.

Zhou, Z, & Zhang, F. 2002. A long-tailed, seed-eating bird from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature 418: 405-409.

Zhou, Z. [et al. 2003], Barrett, P. M., & Hilton, J. 2003. An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature 421: 807-814.

Zhou, Z. [Zhuo] [et al. 2017], Gu, B.-J., Sun, H., & Tan, Y.-H. 2017. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Euphorbiaceae tribe Epiprineae, with the description of a new genus, Tsaiodendron gen. nov., from south-western China. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 184: 167-184.

Zhou, Z. [et al. 2019], Hu, J.-J., Wen, J., & Sun, H. 2019. Morphometric, phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of Pyrularia (Santalales), a parasitic disjunct lineage between eastern Asia and eastern North America. Taxon 68: 47-71.

Zhou, Z.-B. [et al. 2013], Luo, J.-G., Pan, K., Shan, S.-M., & Zhang, W. 2013. Bioactive benzofuran neolignans from Aristolochia fordiana. Planta Medica 79: 1730-1735.

Zhou, Z.-K. [et al. 2001], Crepet, W. L., & Nixon, K. C. 2001. The earliest fossil evidence of the Hamamelidaceae: Late Cretaceous (Turonian) inflorescences and fruits of Altingioideae. American J. Bot. 88: 753-766.

Zhou, Z.-K. [et al. 2003], Barrett, P. M., & Hilton, J. 2003. An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature 421: 807-814.

Zhou, Z. Y. 2009. An overview of fossil Ginkgoales. Palaeoworld 18: 1-22.

Zhu, A. [et al. 2014], Guo, W., Jain, K., & Mower, J. P. 2014. Unprecedented heterogeneity in the synonymous substitution rate within a plant genome. Molec. Biol. Evol. 31: 1228-1236.

Zhu, A. [et al. 2016], Guo, W., Gupta, S., Fan, W., & Mower, J. P. 2016. Evolutionary dynamics of the plastid inverted repeat: The effects of expansion, contraction, and loss on substitution rates. New Phytol. 209: 1747-1756.

Zhu, A. [et al. 2018], Fan, W., Adams, R. P., & Mower, J. P. 2018. Phylogenomic evidence for ancient recombination between plastid genomes of the Cupressus-Juniperus-Xanthocyparis complex (Cupressaceae). BMC Evol. Biol. 18:137. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1258-2

Zhu, B. [et al. 2020], Feng,Q., Yu,J., Yu, Y., Zhu,X., Wang, Y., Guo, J., Hu, X., & Cai, M. 2020. Chloroplast genome features of an important medicinal and edible plant: Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae). PLoS ONE 15(9):e0239823. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239823

Zhu, F. [et al. 2014], Poelman, E. H., & Dicke, M. 2014. Insect herbivore-associated organisms affect plant responses to herbivory. New Phytol. 204: 315-321.

Zhu, F. [et al. 2018], Cusumano, A., Bloem, J., Weldegergis, B. T., Vellela, A., Fatouros, N. E., van Loon, J. J. A., Dicke, M., Harvey, J. A., Vogel, H., & Poelman, E. H. 2018. Symbiotic polydnavirus and venom reveal parasitoid to its hyperparasitoids. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 115: 5205-5210.

Zhu, G.-l. 1996. Origin, differentiation, and geographic distribution of the Chenopodiaceae. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 34: 486-504.

Zhu, G.-L., & Sanderson, S. C. 2017. Genera and a New Evolutionary System of World Chenopodiaceae. Science Press, Beijing.

Zhu, H. [et al. 2016], Huang, Y.-J., Su, T., & Zhou, Z.-K. 2916. New fossil seeds of Eurya (Theaceae) from East Asia and their paleobiogeographic implications. Plant Divers. 38: 125-132.

Zhu, K. [et al. 2018], McCormack, M. L., Lankau, R. A., Egan, J. F., & Wurzburger, N. 2018. Association of ectomycorrhizal trees with high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio soils across temperate forests is driven by smaller nitrogen but not larger carbon stocks. J. Ecol. 106: 524-535.

Zhu, J. [et al. 2018], Zhang, L., Ren, B., Chen, M., Li, R., Zhou, Y., Liang, Y., Li, J., & Chen, Z. 2018. Comparative flower and inflorescence organogenesis among genera of Betulaceae: Implications for phylogenetic relationships. Bot. Review 84: 79-98.

Zhu, Q.-Q. [et al. 2022], Xue, C., Sun, L., Zhong, X., Zhu, X.-X., Ren, Y., & Zhang, X.-H. 2023 [= 2022]. The diversity of elaborate petals in Isopyreae (Ranunculaceae): A special focus on nectary structure. Protoplasma 260: 437-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-022-01787-6

Zhu, T. [et al. 2012], Nevo, E., Sun, D., & Peng, J. 2012. Phylogenetic analyses unravel the evolutionary history of NAC proteins in plants. Evolution 66: 1833-1848.

Zhu, W.-H. [et al. 1998], Xiang, Q.-B., & Ou, H.-Y. 1998. Seed oil fatty acids in the Diplopanax Hand.-Mazz. and its systematic significance. J. Plant Resources Environ. 7: 27-30. [In Chinese.]

Zhou, X.-M. [et al. 2022], Zhao, J., Yang, J.-J., Le Péchon, T., Zhang, L., He, Z.-R., & Zhang, L.-B. 2022. Plastome structure, evolution, and phylogeny of Selaginella. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 169:107410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107410

Zhu, X.-X. [et al. 2019], Li, X.-Q., Liao, S., Du, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z.-H., Yan, J., Zuo, Y.-J., & Ma, J.-S. 2019. Reinstatement of Isotrema, a new delimitation of Aristolochia subgen. Siphisia (Aristolochiaceae). Phytotaxa 401: 1-23.

Zhu, X.-Y. [et al. 2007], Chase, M. W., Qiu, Y.-L., Kong, H.-Z., Dilcher, D. L., Li, J.-H., & Chen, Z. D. 2007. Mitochondrial matR sequences help to resolve deep phylogenetic relationships in rosids. BMC Evol. Biol. 7: 217. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/7/217.

Zhu, Y. [Yong] [et al. 2024], Huag, J., Tao, K., Wang, Y., Jin, Z., & Li, L. 2024. Floral morphology and anther development in diandrous orchid Paphiopedilum purpuratum with their taxonomic implications. Guihaia 44: 102-112. [In Chinese.]

Zhu, Y.-P. [et al. 2006], Wen, J., Zhang, Z.-Y., & Chen, Z.-D. 2006. Evolutionary relationships and diversification of Stachyuraceae based on sequences of four chloroplast markers and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region. Taxon 55: 931-940.

Zhu, Y.-X. [et al. 2020], Lei, F.-W., Tong, L., Mu, X.-Y., Wen, J., & Zhang, Z.-X. 2020. Animal-mediated long-distance dispersals and migrations shaping the intercontinental disjuctions of Celastrus (Celastraceae) among five continents. J. Syst. Evol. 58: 945-957.

Zhu, Z. [Zhenchang] [et al. 2016], van Belzen, J., Hong, T., Kunihiro, T., Ysebaert, T., & Herman, P. M. J. 2016. Sprouting as a gardening strategy to obtain superior supplementary food: Evidence from a seed-caching marine worm. Ecology 97: 3278-3284.

Zhu, Z. [Zuofeng] [et al. 2013], Tan, L., Liu, F., Cai, H., Xie, D., Wu, F., Wu, J., Matsumoto, T., & Sun, C. 2013. Genetic control of inflorescence architecture during rice domestication. Nature Communic. 4:2200. doi:10.1038/ncomms3200

Ziada, N. A. 2024 [= 2023]. The first record of Mammeoxylon lanneoides Lemoigne (Clusiaceae) from Egypt, with a summary of the Egyptian Oligocene wood flora. IAWA J. 45: 167-176.

Zibareva, L. [et al. 2003], Volodin, V., Saatov, Z., Savchenko, T., Whiting, P., Lafont, R., & Dinan, L. 2003. Distribution of phytoecdysteroids in the Caryophyllaceae. Phytochem. 64: 499-517.

Zidorn, C. 2016. Secondary metabolites of seagrasses (Alismatales and Potamogetonales; Alismatidae): Chemical diversity, bioactivity, and ecological function. Phytochem. 124: 5-28.

Ziegler, F. [et al. 1986], Kögel, I., & Zech, W. 1986. Alteration of gymnosperm and angiosperm lignin during decomposition in forest humus layers. Zeit. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenk. 148: 323-331.

Ziegler, H. 1955. Lathraea, ein Blutungssaftschmarotzer. Ber. Deutschen Bot. Gesell. 68: 311-318, fig. 7-8.

Ziegler, H. 2015. Über die Zusammensetzung des "Bestäubungstropfens" und den Mechanismus seiner Sekretion. Planta 52: 587-599.

Ziegler, P. [et al. 2014], Adelmann, K., Zimmer, S., Schmidt, C., & Appenroth, K.-J. 2015 [= 2014]. Relative in vitro growth rates of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) - the most rapidly growing higher plants. Plant Biol. 17(suppl. 1): 33-41.

Ziffer-Berger, J. [et al. 2015], Hanin, N., Fogel, T., Mummenhoff, K., & Barazani, O. 2015. Molecular phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Raphanus L. (Brassicaceae). Edinburgh J. Bot. 72: 1-11.

Ziman, S. N. [et al. 2008], Bulakh, E. V., Kadota, Y., & Keener, C. S. 2008. Modern view on the taxonomy of the genus Anemone L. sensu stricto (Ranunculaceae). J. Japanese Bot. 83: 127-155.

Zimmer, A. [et al. 2007], Lang, D., Richardt, S., Frank, W., Reski, R., & Rensing, S. A. 2007. Dating the early evolution of plants: Detection and molecular clock analyses of orthologs. Molec. Genet. Genom. 278: 393-402.

Zimmer, E. A. [et al. 2002], Roalson, E. H., Skog, L. E., Boggan, J. K., & Idnurm, A. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships in the Gesnerioideae (Gesneriaceae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F and trnE-T spacer region sequences. American J. Bot. 89: 296-311.

Zimmer, K. [et al. 2007], Hynson, N. A., Gebauer, G., Allen, E. B., Allen. M. F., & Read, D. J. 2007. Wide geographic and ecological distribution of nitrogen and carbon gains from fungi in pyroloids and monotropoids (Ericaceae) and in orchids. New Phytol. 175: 166-175.

Zimmerman, E. [et al. 2013a], Prenner, G., & Bruneau, A. 2013a. Floral morphology of Apuleia leiocarpa (Dialiinae: Leguminosae), an unusual andromonoecious legume. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 174: 154-160.

Zimmerman, E. [et al. 2013b], Prenner, G., & Bruneau, A. 2013b. Floral ontogeny in Dialiinae (Caesalpinioideae: Cassieae), a study in organ loss and instability. South African J. Bot. 89: 188-209.

Zimmerman, E. [et al. 2017], Herendeen, P. S., Lewis, G. P., & Bruneau, A. 2017. Floral evolution and phylogeny of the Dialioideae, a diverse family of tropical legumes. American J. Bot. 104: 1019-1041.

Zimmermann, A. 1922. Die Cucurbitaceen. Beiträge zur Anatomie, Physiologie, Morphologie, Biologie, Pathologie und Systematik, 2 vols. Gustav Fischer, Jena.

Zimmermann, J. 1932. Über die extrafloralen Nektarien der Angiospermen. Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 49(1): 99-196, Taf. 1-4.

Zimmermann, M. H., & Jeje, A. A. 1981. Vessel-length distribution in stems of some American woody plants. Canadian J. Bot. 59: 1882-1892.

Zimmermann, M. H., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1968. Vascular construction and development in the aerial stem of Prionium (Juncaceae). American J. Bot. 55: 1100-1109.

Zimmermann, M. H., & Tomlinson, P. B. 1972. The vascular system of monocotyledonous stems. Bot. Gaz. 133: 141-155.

Zimmermann, M. H., & Ziegler, H. 1975. List of sugars and sugar alcohols in sieve-tube exudates. Pp. 480-503, in Zimmermann, M. H., & Milburn, J. A. (eds), Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, NS, vol. 1: Transport in Plants. 1. Phloem Transport. Springer, Heidelberg.

Zimmermann, M. H. [et al. 1974], Tomlinson, P. B., & LeClaire, J. 1974. Vascular construction and development in the stems of certain Pandanaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 68: 21-41.

Zimmermann, N. F. A. [et al. 2010], Ritz, C. M., & Hellwig, F. H. 2010. Further support for the phylogenetic relationships within Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) from nrITS and trnL-trnF IGS sequence data. Plant Syst. Evol. 286: 39-58.

Zimmermann, W. 1952. Main results of the "telome theory". Palaeobotanist 1: 456-470. [Birbal Sahni Memorial Volume.]

Zimmermann, W. 1965. Die Telomtheorie. G. Fischer, Stuttgart.

Zimmermann, Y. [et al. 2009], Ramírez, S. R., & Eltz, T. 2009. Chemical niche differentiation among sympatric species of orchid bees. Ecology 90: 2994-3008.

Zindler-Frank, E. 1976. Oxalate biosynthesis in relation to photosynthetic pathway and plant productivity - a survey. Zeit. Pflanzenphys. 80: 1-13.

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2014a], Solís, S. M., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2014a. Anatomical and developmental studies on floral nectaries in Cardiospermum species: An approach to the evolutionary trend in Paullinieae. Plant Syst. Evol. 300: 1515-1523.

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2014b], Galati, B. G., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2014b. Ovule and female gametophyte in representatives of Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis and Victoria (Nymphaeaceae; Nymphaeoideae). Aquat. Bot. 120: 322-332.

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2016], Galati, B. G., Ferrucci, M. S., Zarlavsky, G., & Rosenfeldt, S. 2016. Ultrastructural study of the female gametophyte and the epistase in Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae. Flora 220: 25-36.

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2017], Galati, B. G., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2017. Perianth organs in Nymphaeaceae: Comparative study on epidermal and structural characters. J. Plant Res. 130: 1047-1060.

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2017], Carrera, C. S., Lattar, E. C., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2018 [= 2017]. Pollen morphology in selected species of Caricaceae with special reference to novel palynological characters. Botany 96: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2017-0125

Zini, L. M. [et al. 2019], Galati, B. G., Gotelli, M., Zarlavsky, G., & Ferrucci, M. S. 2019. Carpellary appendages in Nymphaea and Victoria (Nymphaeaceae): Evidence of their role as osmophores based on morphology, anatomy and ultrastructure. Bot. J. Linnean Soc.191: 421-439.

Zinkgraf, M. [et al. 2017], Gerttula, S., & Groover, A. 2017. Transcript profiling of a novel plant meristem, the monocot cambium. J. Integrat. Plant Biol. 59: 436-449.

Zitnak, T. [et al. 2010], Posluszny, U., & Gerrath, J. 2010. Developmental morphology of the cucurbit axillary complex: Is there any dioecy in the Cucurbitaceae? Pp. 38-39, in Botany 2010. July 31 - August 4, Providence, Rhode Island. Scientific Abstracts.

Zizka, A. [et al. 2019], Azevedo, J., Leme, E., Neves, B., da Costa, A. F., Caceres, D., & Zizka, G. 2020 [= 2019]. Biogeography and conservation status in the pineapple family (Bromeliaceae). Divers. Distrib. 26: 183-195.

Zizka, A. [et al. 2022], Onstein, R. E., Rozzi, R., Weigelt, P., Kreft, H., Steinbauer, M. J., Bruelheide, H., & Lens, F. 2022. The evolution of insular woodiness. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 119:e2208629119.

Zjhra, M. L. [et al. 2004], Sytsma, K. J., & Olmstead, R. G. 2004. Delimitation of Malagasy tribe Coleeae and implications for fruit evolution in Bignoniaceae inferred from a chloroplast DNA phylogeny. Plant Syst. Evol. 245: 55-67.

Zluvova, J. [et al. 2008], Janousek, B., Hobza, R., Marcek, J., Widmer, A., & Vyskot, B. 2008. Genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae) - evolutionary diversification and sex chromosome formation. Pp. 173-226, in Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1. Part E. Phanerogams - Angiosperm. Science Publishers, Delhi.

Zobayed, S. M. A. [et al. 2006], Afreen, F., Goto, E., & Kozai, T. 2006. Plant-environment interactions: Accumulation of hypericin in dark glands of Hypericum perforatum. Ann. Bot. 98: 793-804.

Zobel, A. M. 1986. Ontogenesis of tannin-containing coenocytes in Sambucus racemosa L. III. The mature coenocyte. Ann. Bot. 58: 849-858.

Zobel, M. [et al. 2018], Davison, J., Edwards, M. E., Brochmann, C., Coissac, E., Taberlet, P., Willerslev, E., & Moora, M. 2018. Ancient environmental DNA reveals shifts in dominant mutualisms during the late Quaternary. Nature Communic. 9:139. doi: 10.1038/s441467-017-02421-3

Zohner, C. M. [et al. 2019], Ramm, E., & Renner, S. S. 2019. Examining the support-supply and bud-packing hypotheses for the increase in toothed leaf margins in northern deciduous floras. American J. Bot. 106: 1404-1411.

Zomlefer, W. B. 1994. Guide to Flowering Plant Families. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Zomlefer, W. B. 1996. The Trilliaceae in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 1(9): 91-120.

Zomlefer, W. B. 1997a. The genera of Melanthiaceae in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 2: 133-177.

Zomlefer, W. B. 1997b. The genera of Tofieldiaceae in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 2: 179-194.

Zomlefer, W. B. 1997c. The genera of Nartheciaceae in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 2: 195-211.

Zomlefer, W. B. [et al. 2001], Williams, N. H., Whitten, W. M., & Judd, W. S. 2001. Generic circumscription and relationships in the tribe Melanthieae (Liliales, Melanthiaceae), with emphasis on Zigadenus: Evidence from ITS and trnL-F sequence data. American J. Bot. 88: 1657-1669.

Zomlefer, W. B. [et al. 2006], Judd, W. S., Whitten, W. M., & Williams, N. H. 2006. A synopsis of Melianthaceae (Liliales) with focus on character evolution in tribe Melanthieae. Pp. 204-208, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Excluding Poales. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, Ca. [Aliso 22: 204-208.]

Zomlefer, W. B. [et al. 2014], McKain, M., & Rentsch, J. 2014. Documentation of the chromosome number for Zigadenus glaberrimus (Liliales: Melanthiaceae) and its significance in the taxonomy of tribe Melanthieae. Syst. Bot. 39: 411-414.

Zona, S. 1997. The genera of Palmae (Arecaceae) in the Southeastern United States. Harvard Papers Bot. 2: 71-107.

Zona, S. 2001. Starchy pollen in commelinoid monocots. Ann. Bot. 87: 109-116.

Zona, S. 2004. Raphides in palm embryos and their systematic significance. Ann. Bot. 93: 415-421.

Zona, S. 2017. Fruit and seed dispersal of Salvia L. (Lamiaceae): A review of the evidence. Bot. Review 83: 195-212.

Zona, S. 2020. Shingle-leaf climbers. Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 47:125577. https://doi.org/10.1016/ppees.2020.125577

Zona, S. 2022. Fruits of Nandina domestica are (sometimes) cyanogenic and (sometimes) hazardous to birds. Poison. Plant Research 5: 1-12.

Zona, S., & Christenhusz, M. J. M. 2015. Litter-trapping plants: Filter-feeders of the plant kingdom. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 179: 554-586.

Zona, S., & Henderson, A. 1989. A review of animal-mediated seed dispersal of palns. Selbyana 11: 6-21.

Zona, S., & Howard, C. C. 2022 [= 2021]. Aerial vegetative diaspores of angiosperms: Terminology, organography, and dispersal. Frora 287:151989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151989

Zonneveld, B. J. M. 2007. Nuclear DNA content of ploidy chimeras of Hosta Tratt. (Hostaceae) demonstrate three apical layers in all organs, but not in the adventitious root. Plant Syst. Evol. 269: 29-38.

Zonneveld, B. J. M. 2008. The systematic value of nuclear DNA content for all species of Narcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 275: 109-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0015-1

Zonneveld, B. J. M. 2009. The systematic value of nuclear genome size for "all" species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 281: 217-245.

Zonneveld, B. J. M. 2010. New record holders for maximum genome size in eudicots and monocots. Hindawi J. Bot. 527357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/527357

Zonneveld, B. J. M. 2012. Conifer genome size of 172 species, covering 64 of 67 genera, range from 8 to 72 picogram. Nordic J. Bot. 30: 490-502.

Zonneveld, B. J. M., & Lindström, A. J. 2016. Genome sizes for 71 species of Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) correspond with three different biogeographic regions. Nordic J. Bot. 34: 744-751.

Zonneveld, B. J. M. [et al. 2005], Leitch, I. J., & Bennett, M. D. 2005. First nuclear DNA amounts in more than 300 angiosperms. Ann. Bot. 96: 229-244.

Zotz, G. 2013. The systematic distribution of vascular epiphytes - a critical update. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 171: 453-481.

Zotz, G. 2016. Plants on Plants - The Biology of Vascular Epiphytes. Springer International, Switzerland.

Zotz, G., & Asshoff, R. 2009. Growth in epiphytic bromeliads: Response to the relative supply of phosphorus and nitrogen. Plant Biol. 12: 108-113.

Zotz, G., & Thomas, V. 1999. How much water is in the tank? Model calculations for two epiphytic bromeliads. Ann. Bot. 83: 183-192.

Zotz, G., & Winkler, U. 2013. Aerial roots of epiphytic orchids: The velamen radicum and its role in water and nutrient uptake. Oecologia 171: 733-741.

Zotz, G. [et al. 2011], Wilhelm, K., & Becker, A. 2011. Heteroblasty - a review. Bot. Review 77: 109-151.

Zotz, G. [et al. 2020], Leja, M., Aguilar-Cruz, Y., & Einzmann, H. J. R. 2020. How much water is in the tank? An allometric analysis with 205 bromeliad species. Flora 264:151557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151557

Zotz, G. [et al. 2021a], Hietz, P., & Einzmann, H. J. R. 2021a. Functional ecology of vascular epiphytes. Annual Plant Reviews 4. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119312994.apr0777

Zotz, G. [et al. 2021b], Weigelt, P., Kessler, M., Kreft, H., & Taylor, A. 2021b. EpiList 1.0: A global checklist of vascular epiphytes. Ecology 102:e03326. 10.1002/ecy.3309

Zotz, G. [et al. 2023], Andrade, J. L., & Einzmann, H. J. R. 2023. CAM plants: Their importance in epiphyte communities and prospects with global change. Ann. Bot. 132: 685–698. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac158

Zou, L.-H. [et al. 2015], Huang, J.-X., Zhang, G.-Q., Liu, Z.-J., & Zhuang, X.-Y. 2015. A molecular phylogeny of Aeridinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) inferred from multiple nuclear and chloroplast regions. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 85: 247-254.

Zou, X. [et al. 2001], Fountain, D. W., & Morgan, E. R. 2001. Anatomical and morphological studies of seed development in Sandersonia aurantiaca (Hook). South African J. Bot. 67: 183-192.

Zou, X.-H. [et al. 2008], Zhang, F.-M., Zhang, J.-G., Zang, L.-L., Tang, L., Wang, J., Sang, T., & Ge, S. 2008. Analysis of 142 genes resolves the rapid diversification of the rice genus. Genome Biol. 9:R49. htttp://genomebiology.com/2008/9/3/R49

Zoulias, N. [et al. 2019], Duttke, S. H. C., Garcês, H., Spencer, V., & Kim, M. 2019. The role of auxin in pattern formation of the Asteraceae flower head (capitulum)). Plant Physiol. 179: 391-401.

Zucchi, R. [et al. 1969], Sakagami, S. F., & Camargo, J. M. F. 1969. Biological observations on a Neotropical parasocial bee, Eulaema nigrita, with a review on the biology of the Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae). A comparative study. J. Faculty Sci. Hokkaido Univ. (VI, Zool.) 17: 271-380.

Zuloaga, F. O., & Morrone, O. 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la república Argentina II. Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis.

Zuloaga, F. O. [et al. 2000], Morrone, O., & Giussani, L. M. 2000. Phylogenetic analysis of the Paniceae: A preliminary approach. Pp. 123-135, in Jacobs, S. W. L., & Everett, J. (eds), Grasses: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Melbourne.

Zuloaga, F. O. [et al. 2007], Giussani, L. M., & Morrone, O. 2007. Hopia, a new monotypic genus segregated from Panicum (Poaceae). Taxon 56: 145-156.

Zuloaga, F. O. [et al. 2015], Salomón, L., & Scataglini, M. A. 2015. Phylogeny of sections Clavelligerae and Pectinatae of Panicum (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae): Establishment of the new subtribe Dicantheliinae and the genus Adenochloa. Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 1693-1711.

Zulqarnian [et al. 2016], Silva, I. A., Sfair, J. C., van Melis, J., Weiser, V. L., & Martins, F. R. 2016. Does phylogeny have a role in the liana-phorophyte interaction in tropical forests? Persp. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 21: 14-22.

Zuluaga, A. [et al. 2019], Llano, M., & Cameron, K. 2019. Systematics, biogeography, and morphological character evolution of the hemiepiphytic subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 104: 33-48.

Zumajo-Cardona, C., & Ambrose, B. A. 2020. Phylogenetic analyses of key developmental genes provide insight into the complex evolution of seeds. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 147:106778. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106778

Zumajo-Cardona, C., & Ambrose, B. A. 2021. Deciphering the evolution of the ovule genetic network through expression analyses in Gnetum gnemon. Ann. Bot. 128: 217-230.

Zumajo-Cardona, C. [et al. 2017], Ambrose, B. A., & Pabón-Mora, N. 2017. Evolution of the SPATULA/ALCATRAZ gene lineage and expression analyses in the basal eudicot, Bocconia frutescens L. (Papaveraceae). EvoDevo 8:5. doi: 10.1186/s13227-017-0068-8

Zumajo-Cardona, C. [et al. 2019], Vasco, A., & Ambrose, B. A. 2019. The evolution of the KANADI gene family and leaf development in lycophytes and ferns. Plants 8(9):313. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8090313

Zumajo-Cardona, C. [et al. 2021a], Little, D. P., Stevenson, D., & Ambrose, B. A. 2021a. Expression analyses in Ginkgo biloba provide new insights into the evolution and development of the seed. Sci. Reports 11:21995. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01483-0

Zumajo-Cardona, C. [et al. 2021b], Frangos, S., & Stevenson, D. 2021b. Seed anatomy and development in cycads and Ginkgo, keys for understanding the evolution of seeds. Flora 285:151951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora2021.151951

Zúñiga, J. D. 2015. Phylogenetics of Sabiaceae with emphasis on Meliosma based on nuclear and chloroplast data. Syst. Bot. 40: 761-775.

Zúñiga-Feest, A. [et al. 2014], Delgado, M., & Bustos, Á. 2014. Cluster roots. Pp. 353-367, in Morte, A., & Varma, A. (eds), Root Engineering. Springer, Berlin. [Soil Biology vol. 40.]

Zunk, K. [et al. 1996], Mummenhoff, K., Koch, M., & Hurka, H. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of Thlaspi s.l. (subtribe Thlaspidinae, Lepidieae) and allied genera based on chloroplast DNA restriction-site variation. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92: 375-381.

Zunk, K. [et al. 1999], Mummenhoff, K., & Hurka, H. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships in tribe Lepidieae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast DNA restriction site variation. Canadian J. Bot. 77: 1504-1512.

Zuntini, A. R. [et al. 2021], Frankel, L. P., Pokorny, L., Forest, F., & Baker, W. J. 2021. A comprehensive phylogenomic study of the monocot order Commelinales, with a new classification of Commelinaceae. American J. Bot. 108: 1066-1086.

Zuntini, A. R. [et al. 2024], Carruthers, T., Maurin, O., Bailey, P. C., Leempoel, K., Brewer, G. E., Epitawalage, N., Françoso, E., Gallego-Paramo, B., McGinnie, C., Negrão, R., Roy, S. R., Simpson, L., Romero, E. T., Barber, V. M. A., Botigué, L., Clarkson, J. J., Cowan, R. S., Dodsworth, S., Johnson, M. G., Kim, J. T., Pokorny, L., Wickett, N. J., Antar, G. M., DeBolt, L., Gutierrez, K., Hendriks, K. P., Hoewener, A., Hu, A.-Q., Joyce, E. M., Kikuchi, I. A. B. S., Larridon, I., Larson, D. A., de Lírio, E. J., Liu, J.-X., Malakasi, P.,. Przelomska, N. A. S., Shah, T., Viruel, J., Allnutt, T. R., Ameka, G. K., Andrew, R. L., Appelhans, M. S., Arista, M., Ariza, M. J., Arroyo, J., Arthan, W., Bachelier, J. B., Bailey, C. D., Barnes, H. F., Barrett, M. D., Barrett, R. L., Bayer, R. J., Bayly, M. J., Biffin, E., Biggs, N., Birch, J. L., Bogarín, D., Borosova, R., Bowles, A. M. C., Boyce, P. C., Bramley, G. L. C., Briggs, M., Broadhurst, L., Brown, G. K., Bruhl, J. J., Bruneau, A., Buerki, S., Burns, E., Byrne, M., Cable, S., Calladine, A., Callmander, M. W., Cano, A., Cantrill, D. J., Cardinal-McTeague, W. M., Carlsen, M. M., Carruthers, A. J. A., de Castro Mateo, A. Chase, M. W., Chatrou, L. W., Cheek, M., Chen, S., Christenhusz, M. J. M., Christin, P.-A., Clements, M. A., Coffey, S. C., Conran, J. G., Cornejo, X., Couvreur, T. L. P., Cowie, I. D., Csiba, L., Darbyshire, I., Davidse, G., Davies, N. M. J., Davis, A. P., van Dijk, K., Downie, S. R., Duretto, M. F., Duvall, M. R., Edwards, S. L., Eggli, U., Erkens, R. H. J., Escudero, M., de la Estrella, M., Fabriani, F., Fay, M. F., Ferreira, P. de L., Ficinski, S. Z., Fowler, R. M., Frisby, S., Fu, L., Fulcher, T., Galbany-Casals, M., Gardner, E. M., German, D. A., Giaretta, A., Gibernau, M., Gillespie, L. J., González, C. C., Goyder, D. J., Graham, S. W., Grall, A., Green, L., Gunn, B. F., Gutiérrez, D. G., Hackel, J., Haevermans, T., Haigh, A., Hall, J. C., Hall, T., Harrison, M. J., Hatt, S. A., Hidalgo, O., Hidalgo, T. R., Hodkinson, T. R., Holmes, G. D., Hopkins, H. C. F., Jackson, C. J., James, S. A., Jobson, R. W., Kadereit, G., Kahandawala, I. M., Kainulainen, K., Kato, M., Kellogg, E. A., King, G. J., Klejevskaja, B., Klitgaard, B. B., Klopper, R. R., Knapp, S., Koch, M. A., Leebens-Mack, J. H., Lens, F., Leon, C. J., Léveillé-Bourret, É, Lewis, G. P., Li, D.-Z., Li, L., Liede-Schumann, S., Livshultz, T., Lorence, D., Lu, M., Lu-Irving, P., Luber, J., Lucas, E. J., Luján, M., Lum, M., Macfarlane, T. D., Magdalena, C., Mansano, V. F., Masters, L. E., Mayo, S. J., McColl, K., McDonnell, A. J., McDougall, A. E., McLay, T. G. B., McPherson, H., Meneses, R. I., Merckx, V. S. F. T., Michelangeli, F. A., Mitchell, J. D., Monro, A. K., Moore, M. J., Mueller, T. L., Mummenhoff, K., Munzinger, J., Muriel, P., Murphy, D. J., Nargar, K., Nauheimer, L., Nge, F. J., Nyffeler, R., Orejuela, A., Ortiz, E. M., Palazzesi, L., Peixoto, A. L., Pell, S. K., Pellicer, J., Penneys, D. D., Perez-Escobar, O. A., Persson, C., Pignal, M., Pillon, Y., Pirani, J. R., Plunkett, G. M., Powell, R. F., Prance, G. T., Puglisi, C., Qin, M., Rabeler, R. K., Rees, P. E. J., Renner, M., Roalson, E. H., Rodda, M., Rogers, Z. S., Rokni, S., Rutishauser, R., de Salas, M. F., Schaefer, H., Schley, R. J., Schmidt-Lebuhn, A., Shapcott, A., Al-Shehbaz, I., Shepherd, K. A., Simmons, M. P., Simões, A. O., Simões, A. R. G., Siros, M., Smidt, E. C., Smith, J. F., Snow, N., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Soreng, R. J., Sothers, C. A., Starr, J. R., Stevens, P. F., Straub, S. C. K., Struwe, L., Taylor, J. M., Telford, I. R. H., Thornhill, A. H., Tooth, I., Trias-Blasi, A., Udovicic, F., Utteridge, T. M. A., Del Valle, J. C., Verboom, G. A., Vonow, H. P., Vorontsova, M. S., de Vos, J. M., Al-Wattar, N., Waycott, M., Welker, C. A. D., White, A. J., Wieringa, J. J., Williamson, L. T., Wilson, T. C., Wong, S. Y., Woods, L. A., Woods, R., Worboys, S., Xanthos, M., Yang, Y., Zhang, Y.-X., Zhou, M.-Y., Zmarzty, S., Zuloaga, F. O., Antonelli, A., Bellot, S., Crayn, D. M., Grace, O. M., Kersey, P. J., Leitch, I. J., Sauquet, H., Smith, S. A., Eiserhardt, W. L., Forest, F., & Baker, W. J. 2024. Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms. Nature 629: 843-850. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07324-0

Zuo, S. [et al. 2022], Mandáková, T., Kubová, M., & Lysak, M. A. 2022. Genomes, repeatomes and interphase chromosome organization in the meadowfoam family (Limnanthaceae, Brassicales). Plant J. 110: 1462-1475.

Zuo, Y.-j., & Ma, M. 2014. Megasporogenesis and microsporogensis and development of female and male gametophyte of Eremurus inderiensis (M. Bieb.) Regel. Seed 33: 21-29. [Not seen.]

Zuo, Y.-J. [et al. 2017], Wen, J., & Zhou, S.-L. 2017. Intercontinental and intracontinental biogeography of the East Asian-Eastern North American disjunct Panax, the ginseng genus (Araliaceae), emphasizing its diversification process in eastern Asia. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 117: 60-74.

Zupok, A. [et al. 2021], Kozul, D., Schöttler, M. A., Niehörster, J., Garbsch, F., Liere, K., Fischer, A., Zoschke, R., Malinova, I. Bock, R., & Greiner, S. 2021. A photosynthesis operon in the chloroplast genome drives speciation in evening primroses. Plant Cell 33: 2583-2601. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab155

Züst, T. [et al. 2012], Hichinger, C., Grossniklaus, U., Harrington, R., Kliebenstein, D. J., & Turnbull, L. A. 2012. Natural enemies drive geographic variation in plant defenses. Science 338: 116-119.

Z¨st, T. [et al. 2018], Petschenka, G., Hastings, A. P., & Agrawal, A. A. 2019 [= 2018]. Toxicity of milkweed leaves and latex: Chromatographic quantification versus biological activity of cardenolides in 16 Asclepias species. J. Chem. Ecol. 45: 50-60.

Z¨st, T. [et al. 2019/2020], Strickler, S. R., Powell, A. F., Mabry, M. E., An, H., Mirzaei, M., York, T., Holland, C. K., Kumar, P., Erb, M., Petschenka, G., Gómez, J.-M., Perfectti, F., Müller, C., Pires, J. C., Mueller, L. A., & Jander, G. 2019. Rapid and independent evolution of ancestral and novel defenses in a genus of toxic plants (Erysimum, Brassicaceae). bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/761569 = Z¨st, T. [et al. 2020], Strickler, S. R., Powell, A. F., Mabry, M. E., An, H., Mirzaei, M., York, T., Holland, C. K., Kumar, P., Erb, M., Petschenka, G., Gómez, J.-M., Perfectti, F., Müller, C., Pires, J. C., Mueller, L. A., & Jander, G. 2020. Independent evolution of ancestral and novel defenses in a genus of toxic plants (Erysimum, Brassicaceae). eLife 9:e51712. doi: 107554/eLife.51712.

Zwaenepoel, A., & Van de Peer, Y. 2019. Ancient whole-genome duplications and the evolution of the gene duplication and loss rate. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/556076 = Zwaenepoel, A., & Van de Peer, Y. 2019. Inference of ancient whole-genome duplications and the evolution of gene duplication and loss rates. Molec. Biol. Evol. 36: 1384-1404.

Zwaenepoel, A., & Van de Peer, Y. 2020. AModel-based detection of whole-genome duplications in a phylogenys. Molec. Biol. Evol. 37: 2734-2746.

Zwaenepoel, A. [et al. 2018], Li, Z., Lohaus, R., & Van de Peer, Y. 2019 [= 2018]. Finding evidence for whole genome duplications: A reappraisal. Molec. Plant 12: 133-136.

Zweifel, R. 1939. Cytologisch-embryologische Untersuchungen an Balanophora abbreviata Blume und Balanophora indica Wall.. Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zurich 84: 245-306.

Zwieniecki, M. A., & Boyce C. K. 2014. Evolution of a unique anatomical precision in angiosperm leaf venation lifts constraints on vascular plant ecology. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 281:1779. 20132829 doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2829

Zwolak, R. [et al. 2021], Clement, D., Sih, A., & Schreiber, S. J. 2021. Mast seeding promotes evolution of scatter-hoarding. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 376:20200375. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.00375.

Zwölfer, H. 1988. Evolutionary and ecological relationships of the insect fauna of thistles. Annual Review Entomol. 33: 103-122.

[Back to Top]


A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z - and of course if you want to find any author who you suspect might be involved in any of the papers in this page, you can use "Control + f" (Windows) or "command + F" (Mac).